Upload
others
View
3
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
WðZ+Z~Z~uòßg‹qwÔ™dZyZzgg~yâÆaÀò(£gZ]
ZÐZŠ~ZgZWÐiZZ+ZÛZŠ6,ŒZq-Z(¬@ 800 ”Zzg 100(INEE ZÚZà(,Mzgu',ZñuòqÑ]),MzguìT~uòqÑ]~”Á½ÆhZzgdZyÆyâÆ¿ÃD¯äÆaßvï7ÿEN™»x™D
Xt,MzguuòqÑ]~(¥â]æZzgSyÅF,−™äÔuòqÑ]ÐOW,{ZÛZŠÆa”Á½ÆhÃÛzrŠ¶ZzgZLZgZWzÑ»YÆâÎ¥â]Æ!*‡°{nŠáÃD¯ä»f)ŠZgìXZÚZà(,Mzgu',ZñuòqÑ]qw„~ú™Š{g8-¤/z\Æik,@Ze$»x™@*ì§-ZöZ}ÔÎZÑZòg$h½3ð GGwÔÎZÑZòZÑb',Zñ+Bºé EFyÔ**gzYñ',ZñC{¦/+Ô-CÔ-Z+ZÝÏMgÔ-&4iý EGZzg¬@JÆúÒzV6,Œ
ìXÐgZ‚™,: INEE '×h+¥â]Æa',ZÓ$!*ã
cÄ-CZi+gö
www.ineesite.org
Y2004 MðZ+Z~Z~'ISBN-1-58030-C34-0
Óx9)Ïî EN£tôpXSkÂ[ÆñZŠÃ»8gZV$)8þL"(Æ£tqÝp(£œÆaÂ[ÆqgY]ÃȨ̈jÐZEwHYYìXZ,ÓxQñgÆa!*‡°{ZYi]¢8¢zg~ìXtZYi]Àòîg6,š@*íŠ}Š~YCìXŠvßgÂV~SkÅÜc*Šz!*g{Zá®)ÔF,Àc*Z~.™äÆa8þL"Æqï**ÑÐ!ZYi]¢8¢zg~ìXuzgt£zk,:ÎZÑZòg$h½3ð GGw
g~em,ZMÔßy / H,MzS®):e~Zö6,.$
“This urdu edition of INEE Minimum Standards is published by UNESCO
Islamabad, Pakistan office in 2006. This is a translation from the English
edition of INEE Minimum Standards, first published in 2004 under the ISBN
1-58030-C34-0.”
]£tôp-CM~ÔZsxM!*ŠÔ0*Îy : QgŠzF,À
: gZ‚»g~: ®ZŠ: -
-CM~ÔZsxM!*ŠÔ0*Îy : **Ñ
DISCLAIMER
"This handbook was independently translated by the UNESCO Islamabad,
Pakistan Office."
z„¬gs
5 Àò£gZ]'''''''''''''''''''
16 ''''''''''''' ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ] -1
20 ñ‹ÅÑ•)Ñ•Zzgz‚b('''''''''''' 28 )Y,{ÔZ!¿ÔôZãZzgøá('''''''''''''' ‹t
41 :Y,}»Û*zgu''''''''''''' 1 e 43 :uòßg‹qw~µ/È~:ßg‹qwÆ‹tÅ7,@*àz„' 2 e 48 :¥â]ŦÈ~Zzg¢zgc*]»Y,{Ãgx''''''' 3 e
59 ''''''''''''''''' Xg‚ðZzg(âjw 2
74' ;Cz82.ç EGFH@*àz„''''''''''' :1e77' ½Zð6,z¤/Zx',ZñjwÅ7,@*àz„''''''' :2e
81 ½'''''''''''''''''' D+göZzg -3
98 '''''''''''''''' XZ‚E+{ZzgŠv’)Ïî0½ 4
109 :Ÿ$î E0ZÜt'''''''''''''' 1e111 ''''''''''''''' X(0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~ 5
vY] 123 Z˜q]'''''''''''''' :1v
129 jZ!Y]Zzgâ~.Z]''''''''''' :2v 156 ZÖgÎ'''''''''''''' :3v 168 ''''''''''''''''''' 8àÃgx
(MSEE) ZKyŠz„egR,ÆgZÆZzgŠ*zm,Z]ÔÀò£gZ] (Sphere) Y,{ÃgxZzgsB¨Ð0'×h+Š*zm,Z]Ô©2.ç EGJ
Ô^©2.ç EGJ£gZ]Zzg-Z+ZÝÏWgÆgÉZßw',Zñ%½Æa$!*ãÛâ™qgzfszd$‚V$»5±™,:Xhttp://www.ineesite.org/standard/msee.asp
Àò£g]ÅÏe~gzxÌWðZ+Z~Z~Åzd$‚V$6,Šø7[ìX
¬gs:Àò£gZ]
Àò£gZ]~Zq-ÂZzgZdñÇ»ZŒÛZgáïì¬zyÆZq-zWZÅ545é EEGŠ§i»gÆfg)úŠc*ŠHìXSkÆ_.ÓxZÛZŠøwaÔâZyZzg!*ÚZ¾muòqÑ]Æ
6,ZÆãCŠ~£œÅ (Sphere) ŠzgZy½qÝ™ä»hgnpXSyÐ^©2.ç EJG?σCì**ãWÄZzg£ŠxÅzzÐaZƒäzZáZKãrT$~¶™äÆaÓxÂZŠZâ]ZVñYNZzgSk‚¢ÆOW,{ZÛZŠÃ³]zÂ−Æ‚Bi0+Ϧ/Zgä»hq݃X
Y,{
ÓxZÛZŠ½qÝ™ä»ãCŠ~hgnpXSkhÃ(,}×Z0+Zi~FŠ*zm,Z]ZzgY(;C{¦/eVÐ0.š 1948 .$h4ð EIEV~ÒyHŠHìX~£tZK㻬@egR,)
(;çÙÔçÑCZzgpD IV Y(ŠzgZÈkBà-VÅ™«Ð™[8543ð EGEGZ.š) 1951)Y(Zzg¬@¯gx',Zñ( 1989 Y(;”VÆ£tÐ0.š) 1966 £tÆç@})
Y(áï8ðE÷÷½ƒÆaþþóó‰µ1VÆÛzrÆaÃáVX 2000 ÑÇ¿ÔeZ»g)
uòqÑ]Ô™rT$ZzgyâÅÃ@VÆŠzgZyŠ~YäzZà½i0+ÏXäZzgSÐ',ŒÛZggpp»:LkìXtZ¡w)£t»…™**(Zzg¢g)vy(ÐDÛZë™ÆZzg!*¥zŠ~uùVc*ZÝMðz~&Zi+iÆD+Zgu‰)b6,’ñi0+ÏÆãCŠ~â]í™Æ
5 Àò£gZ]
i0+7VÃôp¯CìXdZyÆŠzgZy!*<m”VZzg!*½VÆwÆjZáÐZq-ÑÇ¿ÔZPxZzgQyŠ}™QyÅi0+ÏÃ’ZzgŠzZx#ìXuòßg‹qw~Š~YãzZà½ßÍVÆŠŠ!*]Å‚;»æZzZ™äÔ'gÂVÃÛzrŠ¶Ô£Šxû™äZzgZð‡ì™ä~Ì把îìX
qD',ÎV~uòqÑ]ÐOW,{´V~gŠZzg)gŠ(6,z¤/ZñVÅúÅ¢zg]ÆjZáÐWÇ„~ZŸ†ƒZìX£òZzgÎZÑZòZKyŠz„ZªVZzg(ZŠZgzVÆ!*Z(gZÛZŠÅ»zØVÐÑÅV”VÔâZâVZzg!*ÚZÛZŠäZ.Š{HìX”w
½6,ic*Š{izgŠc*ŠHTÆË~ŠzZëQñgQ½™‚tWñ:
tZ‹ZsHŠHìuòqÑ]ÆŠzgZyZy´VÆg;›”w½ÆhÐ :1ŠSnŠZg7ƒ**eTZzgt½ÃZKyŠz„èZ™}ÆSàŠJg}ÐZµ
7HYYÉZÐ#bz‹ŠÅF,¶]~ZzAŠgz6,ÑiògƒÇX
zWZÅ545é EEGŠWgizq~ZzgzZÕůY6,dZãßg]qwƲá~̽ƣgÅ :2Zï[ƿÇìgÌ¢zg~ìX ÂR',ŒÛZggÔSkJ-g‚ðÃe¯**Zzg
Y~Y»g.V)zgå¤/z\(»Zq-¤/z{úŠc*ŠHTÆ 2003 SkÆZ!¿~ÛZø~uòqÑ]ÐOW,{´V~½Æ¬KÀò£gZ]‡ìgppÆaœ1]ÛZë™**åXZkZŠZxÅZ’ZYZÚZà(,Mzgu',ZñuòqÑ]äŶXZZx{ÆZŠZgzVÆ,MzguÔZ+YZziÔZæZŠŠ¶zZáZŠZg}ÔOW,{W!*Š~Æ´&zgpZ&z|Z]Ô
&B©3¨4èGGGGEZzgŠvZÛZŠ”w½ÆhZzgdZyÆyâÆ¿ÃD¯äÆauò
6 Àò£gZ]
qÑ]ÐOW,{´V~ZN»x™DXt,MzguOW,{´º~%zzZŒgzZc*]ÔfgZùZzgïÊ™äZzgZyÅn™äÔZK×e$Æfg)OW,{ÂÆ!*°zVÆa
”w½ÆhÃÛzrŠ¶ÔZg»yZzgÑ»ñ»gÆâÎ¥â]ÆnŠ!ÃD¯ä»f)ŠZgfgZùÆ”w~0*ñYäzZá·z]ŶK0+„™}ÇZzgZLÑ»ñ»g6, INEE ìXt
^ÆZg»yäúŠc*ìÔÆfg)Zyz‚bÆÛzrÅj, INEE ŒN*‹š&Z‚ÛZðÌ™}ÇX
SkgÉÂa~z{¬KÀò£gZ]7K‰zWF,xzg]»quÿL³X
ÐZ.Š{™ÆuòqÑ]ÐOW,{´V~½ÆÀò£gZ]úŠbYMhYZzgSkƈ¹Ð™r#wZÛZŠÆ‚Bï™(,}eä6,»xHŠHZzg 2003X
Sy£gZ]ÔZágZ]ZzggÉâFÃ'×h+4¯äÆaœ1]ÛZëÅI@*g‚ðÆ£gÃqÝHYñZzgg~yâÆZ’Zð%³Æa¢zg~‚iz‚âyÆZkã”wÃe¯c*YñXZkF,ªC¿ÆSàZbZÔòòVÔgc*„Æf~êZzg]´VÐ
z„}.â]ZzgWyÑíxzgC¤/z\Å INEE mgppzZáxzgCZŠZgzVÆdw™ŠZgÔY+$ÐñßwƒäzZà@Zc*]zF,µ]6,ŒX
Ðic*Š{ZÛZŠäZKZ¦ZŠZzgxzg]Æfg) 2250 ÐiZZ+´ÐmgppzZá 50
YÆŠzgZy 2004 £gZ]Ã4¯ä~ZC½7g™ŠZgZŠZHìX†g~Zzg#äegèVZÛiÔZ¨ÔÑHZ%kÔætzVZzg-g\6,”xzgCZŠZgzV~ WGMSEE
qzÎáïK‰X»m 137 ZKœ—ÅàNXZy´‡ðxzgCZŠZgzVÆa
˜´6,ŒZZx{ 51 OW,{W!*Š~ÔÎZÑZòZzg£ò)u»g~¡VÔÓäZŠZgzVZzg
7 Àò£gZ]
ÆZŠZgzVÆúÒzVÐåX´‡ðxzgCZŠZgzV~}.â]ÅuZxŠ„ÐIÔP™{˜´6,Œf~´‡ð 47 ÐiZZ+£òÔòZzg 110 ÆZg»yä INEE qzÎZzg
xzgCZŠZgzVÆ‚BgZ‚‡ìHXSkÆ´z{)u»g~¡VÔÓäZŠZgzVÔZZx{ÆÐiZZ+OW,{ñ4VÆúÒzVøwCÔZ‚E+{zŠvo 1900 úÒzVÔez3,iÔdZŠZgzVZzg
½Ðø»]¥xKZzgŠv¥â]qÝXXòZzg‡ðR6,ú0*äzZá£gZ]ÔÐ 100 ZágZ]ZzggÉâFÃqzÎä´‡ðxgz]~àg™1XSkÆ´z{
YÆñ̤/â~ 2004 ÆZŠZâ]ô‡ðÀò£gZ]Æîg6,áï™1ŠHX INEE iZZ+ÐiZZ+âCÙ+Ñq-ƒñ2Vä‹t™äƈ´‡ð 40 ƒäzZábz~Y,{~
£gZ]ìK£gZ]~Š™ÆZq-ÃLÅßg]~Šgz¾wJ-àc*X
ÔZZx{ (EFA) (ÔeZ»gÛ*zgu',Zñ½ƒÆa CRC) ”VÆ£t6,Â{.šZzg©2.ç EGJ6,z',ZñZKyŠz„egR,ÅãCŠ6,Àò£gZ] (MDG) Æ
!5Ó454-ê GGEGJF,ªCZ@Zs‡ìK‰XÏWgÏÔZ*e~YÔZzgZ~ZpZ}‰ZŠZg}ƒÆa£g~½ÆhX
~uòqÑ]ÐOW,{ZÛZŠÌáïÔÆaWzZiZVDXtÂ(g‚ðÆÀò£gÆ”wÅÃ@VZzgZkhÅŠÆagfg=ZEwHY@*ìX
^©2.çEGJ6,zÆZKyŠz„egR,ZzgdZyÅßg]~Àò£gZ]T»ZZYZKy
Y~HåZzgSk»gí~gi+™ZkZzghwZÙ’q- 1997 ÆZq-¤/z\ä NGOs Šz„Ü°Ìáï‰XZ,Vä‹t™Æ¹ån„ÐOW,ZÛZŠZKyŠz„ZŠZgzVÐ
(Âa~ZKyŠz„egR,ZzgÀò Sphere) æŠÅµgpp~hO+$X©2.ç EGJ
£gZ]ÆãCŠ~ZbZY~ZKã£tÅãCŠ~¢zg'}£g~0*ãÅaðÔïÏW[»
8 Àò£gZ]
ÈznÔZâñpgzâl»DÔ½ZáZzgpgZuÅZæZŠÔg;öZzgOW,{£â]Å%#Ö»ZOxZzgãCŠ~¡ÅuZxŠ„áïìpZk~(}.â]ÅÛZb»f™7ìX
ZKyŠz„egR,ÅãCŠÎZÑZòZKyŠz„‡âyÔÎZÑZò‡ây',Zñ£tZKãÔ‡ây',Zñ@*gWzíz'+ÔZzgŸ‚ZÜt',Zñgi+™ZkZzg’q-hwZÙZzg)
WÄiŠ{´VÃZæZŠÛZë™CÔÆQßßVZzg0Z°6,g¿ˆ (NGOs) u»g~°ìXSkšg~QyãCŠ~QßßV»ÒyÌñŠìZK+MÅ#bz‹ŠÆik,ZOx#k»ñVÆZ°Å0*‡Zg~™DZzgtšgZLŠúîV»ÂZF,Æ‚BZ¬Š{™@*ìuòqÑ]ÐOW,{W!*Š~Å™«ZzgZæZŠ~ÃðÃ@*„:ƒXšgZkZ%»Ì»Ÿ™@*ìWÄ
iŠ{W!*Š~ÆZÛZŠÃ!*z‡gi0+Ϧ/Zgä»hqÝìXSkšg~gc*2VÃZKf)ŠZg~~&ZŒSäÅ@*NňìXz{´ºXÆw<W:~',ugZyÐtÇg‹àYCìOW,{W!*Š~Æ+B©û GEZzgZæZŠ~gê7eZÑYñÇXZ¤/Zy´Æ!*Z(g©xOW,{W!*Š~Ù«ZzgZæZŠÛZë™ä~**»xc*gŸq7ƒDÂZ+ßg]~Z¹Zk!*]»0*ȯc*Y@*ìZK+MÅ#bz‹ŠÆZŠZgzVÃOW,{W!*Š~ÆDZzgZæZŠÆa»x
™äÅZYi]Š~YñX
Àò£gZ]“ZEwKYN?
uòqÑ]ÐOW,{´V~Àò£gZ]Ãuòßg]~ZEw™äÆa»gHŠHìZzgt£gZ]uòßg]qwÐ.ëZzgZK+MÅ#bz‹ŠÆK~!»g~Zzg@*NÆaÌƃDXZy»Z:tMZÄA;ïEXGßg]qw~ƒ@*ìX~ŠgCWÃ]
9 Àò£gZ]
Zzg©£ŠxáïXZkÂ^~þuòqª)Z\Ò(ÃZq-ÀòZ˜bÆîg6,ZEwHŠHìŠz(,}zWñç¬]Zq-ŠgCWÃ]ZzgŠzu~ë{uòßg]qw»Zq©™CìXSyÅzŸs#qgzfsì:
ŠgCWÃ]~Švn„Æ´z{îÃãW0+SZzgÖÔi²áÔµZzgc[áïXi²á /QyŠgCWÃ]Æfs~ÑgKYD%Ë!Z:qÆŠgWDTÆ
³~OW,{´‘Æ‚B‚B¤/ŠzâZb~…zZá!*°}Ìn„ЊzegƒYD
XŠvWÃ]}µTÆWU*gW×W×%ŠZgƒDZzgZÛZŠÃ¬ÐZˆkƒY@*ìX@*ëtuòßg]qwÌ7Vn„ÅqïƒCìX
ë{uòßg]qw~z{n{»gc*VáïµâqZKyÅZipŠaZ™Š{Ô /ZÒ#£ŠxZzgà~Zð¬)Å)−jßg]qwƳ~%ŠZgƒCZzgZ¤/t‘ŠgCWÃ]ЊzegƒYñÂZ+ßg]~qÑ]ZzgÌic*Š{ƒYD
XZkâqÅßg]qw~ZÛZŠÅYyzâwÃç{Šg7ƒ@*ìÔZzgZk§bW!*Š~ÆZÛZŠÆDÔplqàZzgz‡gÃç{ÑhƒY@*쉊gCWÃ]ZzgZKyÆZLaZ™Š{)bZzg©£ŠxX
YÐâpf”{=%]óó 2001 þ÷÷ZÚD¢Š~SgyZÑbÔ
SkÂ^~ÛZ뙊{¥â]¬Ðð”{Z°zçZ*ÅãCŠ6,F,KM7Š~ˆXÀò
10 Àò£gZ]
VwÆîg6,_Ô',ŠZg~Ô£ò!*Z(g†]Ô ) £gZ]ÃZ4]ÐmgppzZáZÛZŠziZgCZ−gÔuâtzZæZŠÛZë™äzZáZŠZg}ZzgcgWæ™ZäzZáZÛZŠz){(Å¥â]ÅãCŠ6,%A$HŠHìXZyƬzyÐuòßg]qwÐ.ëÆaZq-§i»gzŠ~Ñc*ŠHìTÅæŠÐŠ*½~š@*íyâ»âjwaZHY@*ìXt£gZ]òÓáVÔŠvZŠZgzVÔòc*ÎZÑZòZªVÃgÉðÛZë™DZ¹uòßg‹qw~¾§bZŠZâ]Zzg(6,z¤/ZxÑzq™äecXñ‹ÔÓáVÔŠvZŠZgzVZzgZKyŠz„»g.V
ÆaZ,£gZ]úŠØYDúZxÅ¥ô™Š{(¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™ÃX
N*ìÛ*
N*ìÛ*)uZz‡](T~Àò£gZ]Ã',zñ»gÑc*Y@*ìÔSk»ic*Š{F,Z®gqÑ]zzZu]6,ƒ@*ìXuòqÑ]~¯g~ZŠZâ]Ðá™g~yâJ-ÆÓx%Zi~ÔSy»Z:tuòßg‹qwÆzWŠZ],Ò»g~ƒ@*ìZzgZßvZ¹ZL»x~ÑDXSk
Âa~ŠØ‰ZágZ]»Z:tîg6,Zq-ßg‹qwc*CÙZq-ÛŠÆae7ƒ@*XPZq-£gZ]ZzgºmZágZ]Æ”wÆa‹Ô¹©‚w̵MhX‰ßgÂV
~Àò£gZ]ZzgZágZ]ÃÛzãZæZŠÅ¢zg]Æ%ÌqÝHYYìX´z{Zi,(ZŠZgzVZzgZªVÆa¢zg~ìz{Zy£œÆ”wÆaM:~¬zyzZ·Zu
™,XSy£gZ]ZzgZágZ]»Z:t™Dz‰ÜÓxZŠZgzV»SyÆÎfZzg4}òÆ”wÆZq-N*ìÛ*6,Z·tgZñ‡ì™**¢zg~ƒ@*ìX
Àò£gZ]þ§b',zñ»gÑN?
11 Àò£gZ]
ä¹Ð!543ð GEJwZzgIw„»gÅ NGOs ÎZÑòZªVZzg)u»g~ZŠZgzVuòqÑ]Zzgg~yâÅÃ@VÆK~(Ô;CZzgçÑCu¤/ñVÆZUƒVо§bkCYñÔSkÆ!*g}~igÉðÛZë™CXSyZŠZgzVÆ‚B‚B
ziZg]½ZzgŠv(ZÛZŠäÌ£g~(6,z¤/ZñVÃúŠ¶ZzgZ¹`äÆjZáÐÇài)gÉÃ(Zzg0*åV»gÅXtÂ^Z‡VÐ0Õ<VZzg6,z¤/ZñVÅúZzgÎf6,FF¬]ÂÛZë7™@*ptÀò£gZ]»Zq-ÃLÔ&45é ENEGŠ~ZágZ]ZzggÉâF¢zgÛZë™@*ìTнƈ~ZVñYäzZáZKyŠz„ZŠZâ]»è¸ì(6,z¤/ZñVÅF,¹ÔQyÆÎfZzgö2Ó#ÖZzgñ‹ÅZæZŠ6,Œ
ŠgV~7HŠHìqgzfs: 5 XSyÀò£gZ]Ã
Skv~ñ‹ÆÑ•ÆSà ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]: /UƒVZzgSkÂa~ŠØ‰£gZ]ÆZ:tÆa£òz‚bÆZEw6,izgŠc*ŠHì´z{Zi,SkZ%ÃÌD¯c*ŠHìuò(ZŠZâ]ÅãCŠZq-Z’ZðY,}6,gDbecoƒgŠ¿Ô!hÒhÿ NôZãZzgøá»qïƒX
Ñ•6,ÂzŠïƒñ(ñZµZzgÎZwYCgZÆà g‚ðZzg(âjw: /ÛzrŠb}¡Ô0*ãÔÌðÔ½ZðZæZŠÔ½ZáZzgg;ö2DZzgKãÔ[Zzg
;C4~~ZŸ†™**X
qgzfsãCŠ~ÁÜ6,ÂzŠbXÐ!íW,D+göZzg½ÃÛzr D+göZzg½: /
12 Àò£gZ]
XY,{ 4 X½ 3 XF,šM 2 X»[ 1 AX
½øw½CÔZN[ÔÑZ$ûJL5i#ÖÔôZãZzgZæZŠÆˆ Z‚E+{ZzgŠv’)Ïî0½: /~ZKãz‚bÆZOxzZ¾Zx6,ÂzŠbX
0*Œ‚i~Ôzä‡âyÔµ/È~ÔÎfZzggZ‚»g~ (0*ŒZzg!*bgZ‚: /6,ÂzŠbX
£gZ]ZzgZágZ]ÆâÎÛtÀò£gZ]ÅãCŠZkZßw6,g¿ˆìOW,{M!*Š~ó]zÂ−Æ‚Bi0+Ϧ/Zgä»h
qÝìXZ¹(g‚ð»Àò£gÛZëHY@*ìZzguòßg‹qw~Q¹ZKyŠz„ZæZŠŠø7[ƒCìCÙÒpУg~Zzg¬KƒCìZzgCÙZq-âjwÆa‡.Þ¿
̃CìXCÙZq-£gÆaãCŠ~ZágZ]Z+´â]ƒCXÐè¸ìèÃg{£gÃqÝ™1ŠHìXQyÃ6,z¤/ZxÆ@*W,)}ò(Æ‚B‚BQyƧi»gZzgZšrÆagfg=ZEwHY@*ìpZ{z{lZg~ƒVc*£g~XãCŠ~ZágZ]Æ%Àò£gZ](ZgZŠ}ÆÎZ¼Zzg7ƒDqiY)z**¹Âƒ@*ìXZßg‹qw~èÃg{£gZ]»Z:t™Dz‰ÜCÙZq-!*[~ŠØ‰Sàï]Ð0gÉÃæÃgecXX~F,Á)bZzg)]Æi»tg{ñŠìZzgtqDEx~0*ñYäzZáZ%°$©î EG0ÃÔpÐiqQñgZzg·z]ÃÌik,cÑDXgÉâF»SàãCŠ~ZágZ]Ð(,ZZmƒ@*ìZzgQ~gZÆŶK0+„ÌÅYCìXZágZ]ÃågÉðÆâF
Æ‚B5™7,−ecX
tÌc*Šg¹¢zg~ìÓx~VÆŠgxyZq-!*bg*Zzgmƒ@*ìZzgËZq-v
13 Àò£gZ]
~Òy™Š{Àò£gZ]ÃKÆaZ¹Šzu}~VÆÒy™Š{£gZ]ÅgzÝ~Š9ecñizVgÉðÆâFŠv´£gZ]ÔZágZ]c*gÉâFÆgzZ*ŶK0+„
™DXSyÁÜÃZq-e{v~ik,cÑäÅOñèÃg{£gZ]~áï™1ŠHìX
!-A)ÏîEE)b
Àò£gZ]ÅúÆŠzgZyFZë)bÒy™ä~¹Zôoлx1Y@*ìXSy»ZKyÔ”VÆ£tÔÔM!*Š~Æ£¾Ñ•ÔZÝMðz~&Zi+iÔmzg~Zzg°xDÐmƒ@*ìX
ŠZ],{»gZzg7åNzŠZ~V~ŠØ‰£gZ]Åw7åENZÇ:7ƒCÉtZq-Šzu}Ð!*bîg6,%1oƒDX@*ë¬@£gZ]ÅúZzgZyÆiÎf~**¦/k,uJ-Zq-¡~Úƒ0*c*Y@*ìYèCÙZq-çA»(tzòtåZƒ@*ìXZÏzzÐZ,£gZ]Å»g~Æa¬@F,ªC§T»gÃZEw~Ñc*ŠHìT~ZZKyŠz„»g.VÔZ‚E+{ÔÓáVÔ
(ZŠZgzVÔÎw΂ÌZzgOW,ZÛZŠÅzWZÅ545é EEGŠDÑ•áïìX
‰ßgÂV~£òÁÜZyÀò£gZ]Zzg&45é ENEGŠ~ZágZ]Ã**‡.Þ”w¯ŠïXZ#Z+ßg]qwƒCìÂÂa~ŠØ‰£gZ]ZzgZágZ]ÆâÎÛtZzgÇŠ"Ã
¢zgÒy™,XZkÛtÅz;]CNZzg£gZ]Æ”wÆaÃyÏp´VÅYãecÔZkÅÌzŸs#™,X
14 Àò£gZ]
(ZKyŠz„egR,Óx(gŠ¿Æ])b»i7Éz{ Sphere Àò£gZ]Zzg©2.ç EJG)ZKyŠz„ZŠZgzVÔÓáVZzg£òM!*Š~Ã(çz-$Æ£gZzgZÊe$~ZŸ†™äÆ
aZq-§T»gCDXÆË~Ë‚¢ÐOW,{ZÛZŠÅi0+7V~Zq-zZãÛt¥zúƒ@*ìX
15 Àò£gZ]
16 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
XÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ] 1
¬gsSkv~bZ‚Ï£gZ]ÒyG‰SkÂa~Òy™Š{ŠvŠgV»Ñiò8~î O
XgŠ¿Å 4 XZ’ZðY,{ 3 X£òz‚b 2 Xñ‹ÅÑ• 1 Xt£gZ]Šg`fs:Xñ‹ÅÑ•)Ñ•Zzgz‚b(Zzg 1 XøáXS¹Šzf~¤/z7V 6 XôZãZzg 5 Õi
X‹t)Y,{Ôg›¿ÔôZãZzgøá(ÆÄZ**]Æ7HŠHìXÒy™Š{£gZ]ÆÎf 2
ÐZKã£tƬZzgñ‹ÆZgZWg‚ðZzg(âjwÔ½ZzgD+göÔZ‚E+{ZzgŠvo½Ô(0*ŒZzgxzg]‰‡V~£gZ]Æ”w»pZ[Ñq{™MhX
ÎZÑZòZ2J-g‚ðCٿýƔwZzgZKã£tÉZq-%æFNz‡gZzg!*³]i0+Ϧ/Zgä»hqÝìXZKã£tƬÅf)ŠZg~ìz{ZKã£tøwhÑ•Ô°xZqÐiZzg¥â]J-g‚ðÆZKã£tŠßZä~æŠÛZë™,X»ÎZÑZòZKã£tÔZKyŠz„Zzg
(ÆZKyŠz„egR, Sphere Project '+ÆZ2»Ÿ™DX©2.ç EGJ6,Z)ZzgWÃ]ÐgµÆa‡ìÎZÑZòhwZÙÔgi+™Zk’q-Zzg)u»g~¡VÆa
Ÿ‚ZÜt~ZKyŠz„ZŠZg}ZLW\ÃSyOW,{ZÛZŠÆ‚tZ$+{IZDSyÅæŠÆÔÇgƒDXÀò£gZ]çz-$ÛZë™äÆjZáÐSyZŠZgzVZzgZÛZŠÅf)ŠZg-V»ç™DX
ÓxŠgVÆaœu£gZ]ÅZÌt!*]Z•ðZëì}vŧs(,"ÐIñ‹ÅÑ•Zzg‹tÆ0tv¬7,JYñXYèŒVÒy™Š{£gZ]Zq-Z(ÂxúŠïT~ÓxÀò£gZ]áïƒDXËÌnÆuòqÑ]ÆÓx%Zi~(e𻦙**ZzgSy»‹t™**(,ZZëƒ@*ìXdZyÆM¸i„~z‚bÔ¢zgc*]Zzg·z]ŶK0+„™ãec@*6,z¤/ZxZzgz‚bÃñizVZ0+ZiÐF,KMŠc*YnX
uòqÑ]~!íW,(6,z¤/ZxWÃ]ÐOW,{M!*Š~Å¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™ÃÔSkÅãCŠM!*Š~Æ:©ÅzZãƒ6,gDbecZ’ZðY,}dZyÅâÎZzgM!*Š~6,SkÆZW,Z]»Y,{7™,XOW,+ÅZ¦ZŠZzgŠø7[£òz‚bÅÙ|#Æ‚B‚BQyÅ
¢zgc*]Ô$zg-VZzg¢zg~}.â]ÅÛZb~qbg»zIV»Y,{1Y**ecX6,z¤/ZñVÃ!íW,¯äÆauò(Y,}~:ÜsOW,{ñ‹ÃáïHYñÉ£òÓ#ÖZzg(Zzg)()b6,»x™äzZáŠzu}ZKyŠz„¬ÃÌáïHY**ecX
SyY,zV~M!*Š~ÆÓx4]ÆagŠZzg)gŠ½ŠzâVÃæÃgecX½ÃŠzu}‡V‰uÔè<ØÔgzZîZ+ÔYgÎxÔ(ÏZzggKÆÁÜc*Âx»gc*MäzZáqÑ]Ðe{7HYYXuòqÑ]ÆZW,Z]ZzgZò[»‹tZ•ðZëìXZ¤/)bÊg„Z0+ZiÐŒZzgZyÅÙ|#7ÅYñÏÂSy»ñizVi**eÂ71
¢zgƒY@*ìXZ[c*g›¿»Z®gºmÁÜ6,ƒ@*ìT~¬ÅZ¦ZŠÔSà'g'ÔPÅuzŠÔ´ºZzgqÑ]ÅœS:]Ô6sZzgIzZßVÆgK˜]áïXŒVÒy™Š{g›¿Æ£gZ]tzZã™äžnÐF,KMŠØ‰þ÷L¾ä“HHóóX
17 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
Z#Zq-!*gËñizVg›¿»ç™1Y@*ìÂQZkÆZ@Z°ÂxÇìHY**ec¬ÃšZqÐiZzg¢zg]Æ_.)Y—Zg§jÐçz-$ÛZë™}X
¥â]¦™äZzgZy»‹t™äÆaôZãÆÂxÃZ’ZY„~‡ì™**ec@*Z@ZsÅ7gÄZzgœ/œ$+sƒñÚø~´6,z¤/Zx»ÚY,{1YnXg›¿ÆŠzgZyZzgMy~ÅYäzZàøáÔ6,z¤/ZxÆŠzgZ6ÃæÃgnpƒñzMzMЙãecX'×h+',MVSÐ6,z¤/ZxÅù¦ZW,Z]ÆçZzgQy!VŶK0+„Ì™ãec@*w~Z,6,z¤/ZñVÃ4¯c*YnX™xyZ(gZzgIzZßVÃ7,@*wÆœ¿~dw™ŠZgZŠZ™**ecXôZãZzgøáÆÓx§i»gÔÑ]Zzgq&]ÙsZzgËsƒ**ecZzgZ¹ÓxnƒäzZáZÛZŠZzgŠzu}™xyZ(g~QyÅgK6,õMK%Ô„
™**ecX‰qÑ]~¥â](Ïc*YzpDÒpЈkƒC®Z¦”{eðZzgŠv¥â]ÃZôoÐgecX
uòqÑ]~!íW,(6,z¤/ZxÅãCŠdZyÐOW,{ñ‹Ãåîg6,KZzg6,z¤/ZxÅF,KM~SkÅdwËq6,gDbecX÷÷ñ‹ÅÑ•óóÅZ˜bQy§i;ñ»gZzgŠvu¤/ñVŧsÂzŠÑCìT~OW,{M!*Š~Æ_.!*]zìÑ]Ã_5é NEY@*ìÔZ¹ê‚i~Æ¿»8~î O¯c*Y@*ìZzg(ç5]~',Z{gZ„ZŠZâ]™äƇ.Þ¯c*Y@*ìXñ‹ÅÑ•ÆZŠgY]ƒDXäc*IÁËqÔxzg]ZzgåÑ•XaèåÑ•»”wuòqÑ]~ZÒÂìÔSkauòqÑ]~½Æaxzg]Àò@sƒ@*ìZzgåÑ•My~ÑX
…Š/tC@*ìIÁÑZ•Ãðîq7ƒCZzgt£g~ZzgŠk,0*6,z¤/Zx½™ä~)!íW,gSìXg›¿ÆY,}Ôµ/È~ÔÎfÔZOxZzgg›¿ÅôZã~OW,{M!*Š~ÆZg»yÅ
18 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
Ñ•ic*Š{Ðic*Š{ƒãec@*g›¿Åñiz+MÔ@*|Zzg£gÃD¯c*YnX'×h+',MVñ‹Å½7gÑ•Ðñ‹ÆSà()bZzgZyÆiÅÕ<V»è¸ìXñ‹ÅÑ•£òz‚bÅÙ|#ZzgZ¹Ãu™äÆaÕiÔZ·tgZñZzgçz-$»ZOxÌ™CìXñ‹ÅÑ•ÐÇZzg0*GZgîg6,Z¹!*Z(g¯äÆ¿Æ´z{SyÅ&—V~ZŸ†™**Ìáïƒ**ecZzgZkÅãCŠ¬ÐYg~Ã@V6,gDbecX
g›¿~Ñq-ÁÜÆŠgxyDZzg¥â]ÆnŠá»Âxƒ**¢gz~ìTÐ)bÐÀòWÇ„ZzgZŠZgzVÆâÎñW,gZÆ»”weƒnXeð¦™äZzgZy»‹t™äÆ£g~ÂxZzg§i»gÅF,zóƒãecXSkÐ¥â]M‚ãЊ*zm,0YCÔZy»nŠ!ƒY@*ìZzgZyÅZá®)̃CìX
tZKâÎÆZ±gУg~ƒDZzg(g›¿ÅÛZbÆaÀò Àò£gZ]:R»ç™DX
t÷÷´â]óóCCMc*èÃg{£gqÝ™1ŠHìXt6,z¤/ZxÆ ã~ZágZ]:ZW,Z]Zzg}òÆ‚B‚BZEwKYäzZá¿Zzg§i»gÃYiZzgZk»Zšr
™ä»fg=ÌÛZë™CXSy~£gZ]ZzgZágZ]ÃZqÑ]~**Ç™äÆaºmï]Ôi)]Ð gÉZßw:
.ëÆagÉðZzgF,Áç5]Æazm,áïƒCXSy£gZ]ZzgZágZ]Ð0Zë)b~jZ!Y]ÅZq-ZN!z„ 2 ZzgqD¥â]ƧŠZ]ÔÚi¬]c*·z]ÃÌÒyHY@*ìXt.0î E
G
áïƒCìT~ZkvÆÀòZzgSà})bÐ0¥â]ÆfgZùƒDX
19 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
ñ‹ÅÑ•
2 £gXz‚b
(6,z¤/ZxZzgŠv(u¤/ñVÆÎfÆa£òñ‹Æz‚bŶK0+„ÅYCì
ZzgZ¹',zñ»gÑc*Y@*ìX
1 £gXÑ•
uòqÑ]ÐOW,{W!*Š~ÆZgZW(6,z¤/ZxÆY,}Ôµ/È~ÔÎfÔÔôZãZzgøáÆ¿~½7gzfeX
jZ!Y]Zzgâ~.Z]Çà 2 eXv',Zññ‹Ñ•
20 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
:Ñ• 1 ñ‹Ñ•»£guòqÑ]ÐOW,{ñ‹ÆZgZWY,}Ôµ/È~ÔÎfÔôZãZzg(6,z¤/ZxÅøáÆ¿~½7gzfeX
)ZÐgÉâFÆ‚B5™7,JYñ( ãCŠ~ZágZ]dZyÐOW,{W!*Š~ZLÉúÒzVÆfg)(u¤/ñVÅF,¶]ð™ä /Zzgµ/È~™ä~zsgSì@*(6,z¤/ZxÅñ*.çJIF,−ÃD¯c*Y
(X 1-5 n)Š¶gÉâF
(X 6 aZzgâZy(u¤/ñVÅF,¹ZzgÎf~áïƒD)Š¶gÉâF /ñ‹Zmw(u¤/ñVZzgZyÆP»YWe^™äÆnê) /
(X 7 ™Cì)Š¶gÉâF
(u¤/xVe%Æn”VZzgâZâVÉñ‹ÆŠzu}Zg»yÆn /(X 8 F,šMZzg&¢A(,JäÆñZµƒD)Š¶gÉâF
gÉâF
Àò£gZ]~Z˜b÷÷ñ‹ZmwóóZk (6,z¤/Zx~ñ‹ÅúÒÏ: X1
wŧsZág{™CìZq-ñ‹Å(¢zgc*]ŶK0+„™CìZzgœˆVÔ£òZªVÔÎw΂ÌZÁÏZ:Ôñ‹Å¡VÔâZâVZzgúgÂVƤ/zƒVÆ‚B‚BZ‚E+{ZzgIzZßVÅæŠÐZy)bÐ3ë»Èzn™CìXZq-ñ‹ZmwÅf~ÌVƒ$ËXÆZg»yZkÅú~úÒÏ™DX‰ç5]~Ôñ‹ZmÌV½ÆZq-„µ"Åf)ŠZg
21 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
ƒCZzg‰ç5]~Zq-´º~Yg~Zq-ÐiZZ+6,z¤/ZñVÆÛZøerX
uòqÑ]~{0+ZyÔñ‹ZzgjwÆgzZ*(âjwÅ4~ZzgZOxÆau6,2VÅѕТo¯ñYMhX{0+ZyÔñ‹ZzgjwÆ / zZ−+
©]»eJçÑZÇZzgxzgCZ0+Zi~»gHYñX¸Zßwñ‹ZmˆVÔZ‚E+{ZÁÏZ:Å4~Æ‚B‚B£òqÑ]Zzg)bÐ3ëÆn / zZ−+
ZVñ‰SàZŠZâ]6,ÌÑ̓@*ìXñ‹6,FFÎaeJ‘úŠ¶ZzgñŠ{eJ‘¢o¯ä~抙}Ï£òpÄZzg(gzZc*]»ZZx™CZzg£™äÆa£òÂx»g™CìX
ÅúÒÏ~£òZ+YZziÔèIZŠZgzVÔúgÂVZzg±YVÔ : ñ‹Zmw X2
ñ‹ÔXVÔÓx/ÆZÛZŠ‰¤/z7VÅËqƒãecXZk»ZN[Zq-/g~Z0+ZiЃ**ecXyâÆ%µ~ZmwÃu»g~ZŠZg{c*ÅwÐ
ŒYñX˜Vñ‹ZmˆV‰ZŠZg}Zk§iÆ»x™gìƒVÔz;VZyÆáZi~ZŠZg}‡ì:GYNX
ñ‹ZmwáZiyƒãecZzgZk~Ô/Ô#ÔèIZzgY¤/zƒV»„7OW,{W!*Š~Æ)b»@̃**ecXúgÂVZzg±YVÃñ‹Zmw~)z~úÒÏ»¢ŠÑ™Z7F,¹~',Z',»zŠZg¯**.e$ZëìX
Å™sîg6,zŸs#ƒãecZzgñ‹Ã ¸Z°Zzgf)ŠZg-V ñ‹ZmZg»yÆa X3
¯g~½ƒãecXZk~qgzfsáïƒäe454è XGGpZyJ-özŠ7ƒ**ec:
22 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
´)bÃik,cÑäZzgŸ™äÆn!*‡°ÏÐZ°k Dñ‹Z°ÎVÅgzŠZŠÔhVZzgñ‹Æâ1]»gkgeg DpDÒpЊg„¦gŠb)EŠZgjwrgÔ(6,z¤/Zx»»[ñ‹ÆÚø DZzgZkÆZgZWÅËq»?kƒ(X
c*¸òZzg£ò©xZm6,z¤/ZxZzg / ñ‹Ð!*]’A™ÆZm6,z¤/ZxZzg Dñ‹Zg»y~4©]‡ì™**X
Óxu»g~Zzg)u»g~ZªVÃW: (g›¿úŠ¶~ñ‹ÅËq: X4
~5ƒ™Z,ÂxúŠbe454è XGG(g›¿úŠ¶~ñ‹ÅÑ•ÃD¯NXtÂx¬ŠyÐZ’Zðg›¿ÆÑixbzƒäe454è XGGZzgZ7!~лgWæ¯äÆnÑZǧi;ñ»gZ(gGYäe454è XGGX
–qf~¤/zƒVÅg~(¢zgc*])aÔZyZzg!*Ú( DŠø7[ZÛZŠ~]Zzgz‰ÜÆ‚B‚BâàZzgâŠ~z‚b Df~¤/z7Vøw—ã¤/zƒVÆŠgxywÅÂx»g D
½Ænôp£â]ÔZzg gKÅuzŠD DYyXäzZá(â]ÃuòqÑ]Ðgµ0*äÆÓxUîVÐ D
6,‹c*C£g 36 Ô™5 6,gÉâF 35 Ô™2 %1o™äÅÕqV)‹c*C£gÌŠ¶(X 2 6,(0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~£g 118 Zzg™ 3
ñ‹Zzgñ‹Zmw(u¤/ñVŵ/È~ZzgZy £ò½»Z½öy: X 5
ÅF,¶]»ç¬RЙ$ËìdZyÐOW,{W!*Š~!*<mçZ]ÆDg¤/zƒVÅ¢zgc*]Å?σXZkµ/È~»â°ñ‹6,FF(µ/¿ì
23 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
gŠZzg)gŠ(}.â]Zzg6,z¤/Zx»£g4¯äÆneJçúŠêìXZq-(µ/¿ÆZq-ÐiZZ+£œƒMhX@*ëZy~Šg`fsï]áïƒVp¡ZyJ-özŠ:g:¬~tœ¦g‡ì™**I»âjww~Hßg]Z(g™YìZzgZk D»ZÖgu¤/ñVÔZágZ]ZzgZ@ZsÆfg)HYñX¬ÆŠgxyIÆâjwƺmUîV~4~ÆnZ·tgZñ‡ì™**X DZ@ZsÆ‚BZq-µ/¿F,KMŠbTÃÓx¬äHg{z‰ÜJ-7gZ™**ƒ D@*µ"~Š‰Z@ZsqÝGYÃX
£ò(µ/¿ÃçzyZªVÔñ‹ZmˆVZzgZm6,z¤/ZxÆZg!*[Z(gÉÓxã~¬»™ŠZgzZã™**ecXZ½öy~Zq-Ÿ‚ZÜt̽HY**ec@*!*‡°ÏÐôZãZzgY,{heÆ‚B‚Bñ‹ÅzW
Ñ•»×‡ìg3YnXZk~µ/È~Ô”VÅ™«ÔçZ]ÆDg¤/z7VÐmgppzZà±YVÔpZ&Zzg%ŠzVÅÑ•ÃF,zóŠbÔD+g+Zzgiu¤/ñV»ÎfÔôZãÔY,}Ôz‚b»ZEwÔÛzãZªVÆ‚B¬zyÔ6sŽCZzgF,šMÔZÐZ7šÅŠN¸wÔ¡ÔÌðÔ½ZáÔ0*ãÅaðZzgïÏW[Æ
áïƒMhXt!*]¹Zëìñ‹ÆÓxZg»yÃ¥â]J-g‚ðƒ@*z{ñ‹ZmwÃzm,Š}Ã(6,z¤/ZxÃ˧bñ*.çJI¯c*YYì
6,(0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~£g 120 Zzg™ 2 6,Z‚E+{ZzgŠv(o£g 104 )™ÌŠ¶(X 3
zZVWgç 13 ”VÆ£t6,ZZx{Æ.š» (u¤/ñV~”VÅÑ•: X6
24 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
Z7thŠêìz{i0+ÏÃ',Z{gZ„OW,™äzZáçA~ZKgZñ»ZÖg™,@*!*Úƒ™f)ŠZgc*VewÃXtWgçdZyÅqª~CÙa6,Ñ̓@*ìX
½½™äÆÂx~4~ÑäZzgZÐ`ä~!*Ú¥áïƒäe3454è XGJGX”VÅF,šMZkÕ6,ÅYñz{ZKZzgŠzu}”VÅ™«Ì™
ÃXF,šMZk!*]6,izgŠîìz{çÑ}~µ™ŠZgZŠZ™,Zzgp~»W¸i™,X!5Õä IMMjwÅu¤/ñV~4~Ænˆzm,Š,c*(âjw~ƒä
Zzg 2 6,g‚ðZzg(âjw»£g 68 zZàic*ŠCÅg7g^™,ZzgZkЃ)™ÌŠ¶(X 3 6,Z‚E+{ZzgŠv(o£g 106™
uòqÑ]ÆŠzgZyKYäzZá»ñV)ª”VZzgâZâVÆamu¤/ñVÅÛZb(~”VÃáïHYYì!*<mñ‹ÅZëu¤/ñV~Zy”VÃzsHYñjw7YDXZkÐZ7xZzg©¤/zƒVz){ÆtZW,Z]ÅOñµgZ{6,½Å’q-AÏX
ÔYãCŠzV6,(6,z¤/ZxÆY,}XZyÆZZŠ»ÑZKãÔâà YWe^ X7
ZzgâŠ~C»Y,{¢8ZzgZkZ%ŶK0+„™**ì¾qÅ¢zg]ìZzgHŠø7[ì2Šzu}UîVÆ‚B‚B6,z¤/ZxÆñ*.çJIƒäÅôZã™ãìX
dZyÆW¸ic*Šgxãæ]ÆŠzgZyYWe^™**åe7ƒ@*XpZq-%ûZ#uòqªLƒYñ)îsZ=]Šk,Ü)bc*yâÆZ’Zð%Zi(Y
We^ñ‹ÃñµÛZë™Cìz{ZL(6,z¤/ZxÅic*Š{ñW,îg6,ôZãÆnŠ¶(X 4 6,‹c*C£g 39 ZKZ¦ZŠ»g~ZŸ†™})™
ñ‹ÐtZyÎ**|IZ:7z{!*‡°{F,šMZzgôZã Z¦ZŠ»g»Ûzr: X8
25 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
Æ%ZK(u¤/xVe%Ænñ*.çJI}&¢AaZ™nÏXF,šMÆ6,z¤/ZxZkâÎƃäe454è XGGñ‹Å&6V»Y,{1YñÔZyÅ¢zgc*]ŶK0+„ZzgZ7i™äƧjCñYNXñ‹ZmwÆZg»yÅ&6VÃ(,JäÆ‚B‚BZy(6,¤/ZñV~ñ‹ÆZg»yÃáï™ÆF,šMŠ´ec@*ZyÆ£gZzg0*GZg~~4~ÑðYnX
:z‚b 2 ñ‹ÅÑ•£g(6,z¤/ZxZzgŠv(ñZµÆÎfÆa£òñ‹Æz‚bŶK0+„ÅYCìÔZ¹HuHY@*ìZzgZEwHY@*ìX
)gÉðâFÆ‚B5™7,JYñ( ãCŠ~ZágZ]:
(X 1 ñ‹Ô(oZzgIzZáñ‹Æ(z‚bŶK0+„™D)Š¶gÉâ^ /ñ‹Æz‚býZzgDJ-g‚ðZzg(6,z¤/ZxÆ£gâo¯äÆn /
(X 2-3 ',zñ»gÑc*Y@*ì)Š¶âF
³ñ‹Å&¢A»Z0+Zi{ÎNZzgZ¹â3²(6,z¤/Zx£òZÛZŠÅ /'gÂVZzg&¢AÆic*Š{Ðic*Š{ZEwÆnúŠØYN)Š¶gÉð
(X 4-5 âF
gÉâF
~ZÛZŠ~Ô[ÔâàZzgâŠ~z‚báïXZyz‚bÆZEw»m ñ‹z‚b X1
26 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
IÆâjw~4~ÑäÆ‚BaZƒ**ecXZk~âŠ~âjw)jwÅyÔŠN¸wZzg%#ÖÆa‚âyZzgZÛZŠ~](Ôf6Zzg_.!*Câjw)¥ZzgZ‚E+{Å;CzYçz-$Ôc*ZyÅ™«Æ)b»i(áïìXËsZzgZï[
™2-3 ‡ìgppÆnÓxgkgeôpGYN)g‚ðZzgI»âjwÆ£gŠ¶(X 71-68
ñ‹Zg»yÃ’q-Š´ecjw~ŠZ4çZ]Æ g‚ðZzggKÃ4¯**: X2
Dg¤/zƒVÆ”VÅ抙äÆaúgÂVZzgâZâVƤ/z7VÆZŠZâ]Æfg)!*‡°ÏÑNZzgZCz‰ÜZzgz‚b–™,Ô¾!*Æ”VÃëw]kÛZë
™,Zzg”Vžð6,½zZá{0+ZâVÅgzK»Èzn™,XpZ&jw~±YVÃkçz2¯™ZzgZ7ZCZ[ÐX™jw~ZyÅѕþe$Š}$ËìZzgñ‹ÆZg»y1‰Ü¢zg]”VÃjwÐà«áYäZzgzZ:
Ì2-3 6,g‚ðZzgI»âjw£gZ] 71-68 Ñä»Û9ZxŠ}Mh)™Š¶(X
ñ‹Ã(âjwÔz‚bÆZEwZzgZOxÆaZ°Zzgf) 0*GZg~»Ûzr: X3
ŠZg-VÅîsZ=]F,šMŠ´ecX)œ1]ÅŠN¸wÔ$zg¥ÅÑ•ÃD¯äÆaZŠZâ]z){(
ez3,iÃqÑ]ÐWÇ{™Dƒññ‹ÅlZg~Zzg ñ‹Å}.â]»Z‹Zs: X4
£g~}.â]»f™HYñXñ‹Åñ*.çJIÑ•ÐλZÖgZzg6,z¤/ZxÅ0*GZg~»è¸ìX
dZyÆZŠzZg~Ñ•ÐßÍVÆz‡gZzgZyÆZkðQìX6,z¤/Zx £ò&¢A: X5
27 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
28 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
‹t
:g›¿Å 2 £gÕi
(gŠ¿ÆaZq-Û*zgu
úŠc*Y@*ìÔT~Z»zZãÒyZzgZŠZx
ÆaŠ*zm,~ÕiƒCìX
:ôZã 3 £gÓx´ZÛZŠ!*‡°ÏÐ(gŠ¿Åu¤/ñVZzgOW,{W!*Š~Å(,fƒð(¢zgc*]ÅôZã™DX
:øá 4 £g'g]Ã4¯äZzgZ[Š„ÃÛzrŠ¶Æa(gŠ¿ÅZq-!*‡°{Zzg)Y—ZgøáƒãecX
1:eY,{»Û*zgu
2:eßg]qwÆ‹bÅ7,@*àz„ : uòqª~µ/È~
3:e¥â]ŦÈ~Zzg¢zgc*]»‹tÃgx
jZ!Y]Zzgâ~.Çà :2v‹tv
:Z’Zð 1 £gY,{
uòqª»',z‰Ü(Y,{
´ZzgÑÇZ0+Zi~HY@*ìX
ZkÒpлgGYN£ò&6V~ZŸ†ƒZzgßvZKÕ<VÃÃZ0+Zi:™,X
:Z’ZðY,{ 1 ‹t£guòqª»',z‰Ü(Y,{ZzgÑÇZ0+Zi~HY@*ìX
)gÉâFÆ‚B5™7,JYñ( ãCŠ~ZágZ]
TŠg¢eƒn½»Zq-Z’ZðY,{»gHYñT~gKZzg™«Æ /(X 1-3 UÌáïƒV)Š¶gÉâF
£/eð»ç™äÆnZg!*[Z(gÂB5c*Yñ;ZágZ]Å7gÄÔZy /Å=ôZzg4~~ZyÐæŠàYñZzg¥â]ÆZOxZzgZyÅF,−~Zy
Š¶(X 4-5 лx1Yñ)gÉâF
ã~³ÅæŠÐZŠgVZzg½ÅZZlxZzgOW,{W!*Š~Æa /¢zgc*]Zzgz‚b»Zq-YìY,{»gHYñZzgZk~z‰ÜÆ‚B‚BF,çz
Š¶(X 4 ZŸ†HY@*gì)gÉâ^½ZøiÆY,}»Zq-bzìT~(ÏÔYÔçÙZzgâjwÅgKÔ /W!*Šc*]ZzgŠø7[z‚b»eð¦ƒ@*ì@*OW,W!*Š~Å¢zgc*]»çHYn
Š¶(X 6 )gÉâ^Y,{IzZßVÊg7ñŠ{ZzgÂçZ]»‹t™@*ìZzgZkÆnçZ]Ô /
Š¶(X 7 $zg-VZzg&6VÆY,{»‚!eJçZEwHY@*ì)gÉâ^Z\ÒÐIZzgZkÆŠzgZy½Æn£ò&6VÔz‚bÔÕ<VÅ /¶K0+„ÅYñX
29 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
Y,{½ÆÑZzg£òqÑ]ÐZkÅ_“Æ!*g}~ßÍVÆìÑ]Zzg /F,Á(¢zgc*]Zzgu¤/ñVŶK0+„™@*ìXY,}Æ}òZzg(eðôpgppZzgZy»nŠ!™äÆnZq-ÂxúŠc*Y@* /
Š¶(X 8 ì)gÉâ^
gÉâF
~Y,{šZzgOW,{W!*Š~ÅgKZzg™«ÆZOxÃæÃg3 Y,}ÆZz‡] X1
Y@*ìXX´V~g‚ðözŠƒz;VŠwÕqV!5Õä IMMU*â~fgZùÔ£ò7g’Zzgñ‹,Mzg¾ZEwGYNXZ#g‚ðeƒYñÂY,}æ”{-¥â]Æ_.Z\¤/i+™1YñXY,}Ã!*‡°ÏÐ)ÁZiÁCÙegâ{ˆ(ôZãZzgœeðÔ6,z¤/ZxÆq&]Zzgg»zIVÆY,}ZzgZŠðg~¥â]Å¢zgc*]ÅãCŠ6,Z\¤/i+HYñX
µ/È~™ãecZzg(¢zgc*]Ô&6VÔ ™n Y,}»eðZzg¥â]æ X2
åY,{ÔÓx£â]ZzgCÙnŽ» ZÈx™**ecX z‚bZzgÃ@*‘VÃK»Zq©™}Ô¢Zi¢åHYñXp¯g~ZŠZâ]ÐWÇ{™äÆaZy
»g~Æ¿~@*í:ƒX½½™äzZáZZÛZŠÅ bz~Y,zVÅ!gëg§sÐìÆŠzg}˜VJ-eƒÔW:Ð%1oƒV@*9Šg9WäzZáOW,+Æ;ðV6sÃ6,.ã:ƒX
ÆZßßVZzg EFA £g~ZzglZg~‹c*CfgZùÎZÑZò£gÔZ~ZpZ}ZKã£tÆgÉZßßVÆ_.ƒäe454è XGGXt¿¬@Ã@Vãòñ‹
Æ‚Bhä~把êìZzg£òЬ@RJ-gzZ*ZzgZágZ]ÃÛzrŠê
30 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
ìXeð¦™äÆÃgxZq-„£gƃäe454è XGG@*ZÚZàR6,Yg~µ1V~g*aZHYnZzg¥â]ÛZë™äzZßVÆ1úÃÁHYñXÃgx~ZŸ°¥â]£òñ‹Å§sÐZëªYNÔ½™,X
ZKã£tÅãCŠzV6,g›¿ÆŠzgZy¦G‰eð~Zܹç5]ÃæÃgÑixìXôZãÔ‹tc*uz}ÉËÌÑÆn¥â]¦™**ßÍVÃç}
~eZwYìÔÉZk¿~bz~îg6,8~î O¢8ÌZyÃËƉ[»¶K:¯YìXZZxÔËÃvy:à**Zzg)ïƒä‰~Zßwf‚dge454è XGGZzg¥â]¦™äzZßVÅf)ŠZg~ì¥â]ÛZë™äzZßVÅsäÃD¯NZzgZ¹ZL£tÐWÇ{™,XŠ*z%æGE÷™«Zq-F,ßó:ÆgZÆÆ
(~‹c*CjZ!Y]ŠB:ZKãgŠ~~DÃeðÐ 129 )™ 2 av%1o™äÆngÉÂX
·z]ÃÁÐÁF,™äÆn}òZ~.™äÐI‹tÆŠzgZy ‹t»§i»g: X3
eðÆMfgZùÃ@yÅŠ´ecX@ãZ0+Zi~eð¦™**ZzgZk»‹t™ä»tZq-‘o§iìT~Zq-1ÆZUîVÃ6,3Y@*ìZzg£g~eðÅëqÃD¯c*Y@*ìX‹t~£òW!*Š~ÆÃÃÌáïHYñ@*¡{gYZ0+Zi„ZzgF,¶]6,FFg›¿ÐXYnX
~̘VJ-eƒnOW,{W!*Š~ÆßÍVÃáïHYñXZ’Zð ³ X4
Y,}~qÑ]Æ_.eð¦™äÔ‹t™äZzg¥â]ÆZOxZzgF,−™ä~³ÅËqÁg3Yñ@*ëZЈƋbÔÎfZzgøá~(,JŠbecX
31 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
CÙeuJ-¢ÛZëKYN@*u¤/ñVŵ/È~ÅYnX Y,}ÆõÝ X5
dZyÐI»eðZzgZkƈÆY,}ÔT~(¢zgc*]Zzgz‚b)©xÔZ+YZziÔºmZìVZzg£òñ‹(ŶK0+„ÅYñÔ¬ÃgùMMŠø7[ƒäe454è XGGXtQÏßg]~ic*Š{ƃÇZ#¬dZyÆŠzgZyOW,{´ºJ-:VÃX
~½c*”VÅ™«»Zq-âCÙáïƒ**ec½Zzg”V Z\ÒÅÀòY,} X6
ÅDÅ¢zgc*]Zzgz‚b6,eð¦™}Xtu¤/xVå™äÆnZŠZgzVÃz‚bÔ6sZzg”Z¦ZŠ»gÆaz‚bÛZë™äecX
”VZzgâZâVÅ¡ZzgDÃOW,™äzZáqÑ]ÆÓx ZkãçZ]»Y,{: X7
UzV6,Ãg¹ZëìXY,}~Zq-÷÷çzV»ÍØZg{óóáïƒ**ec¹÷÷g‹
¢a¾óó(T~Z/ZzgçZ]ÆDg¤/z7VÆjZáÐqgzfsÁÜÐÝçZ]Åz„~ŠgCZzgâj1CWÃ]Ô”V»DZzggKÔ!*gzŠ~u4
ZzgŠ}&ñZŠÔqgÂVZzgŠzu}ZÐZ7ZšÅ™«Ôf6ZzgKã¡ÃÑhçZ]ÔZ‚E+{Ň/ÔjwÆŠZ¾Zzg»[Æ´)bZzgŠzu~¥â]áïƒã
Ïe~Š¶(X MSEE ecX)%ä»g‹¢a¾ŠÚÆn
Y,}~$+F,+ŠgCWÃ]ÆŠzgZyuòqÑ]ÐXîÔZA[ZzgŠvZŠZâ])»g~ÔgŠ¿ÔyâZzgbà(Æag‹[ÕĩãecX
‰qÑ]~CÙZq-(%œ/ÃuòqÑ]Ð3ëÆnjwÆpZzgC
µ"Å¢zg]ƒCìX˜V¢zg~ƒÔCÙ(ZŠZg{ÃáµçZ]»u¯**ecT~ZÐÑhÂçZ]Zzg)bÆDgÁÜŶK0+„ŃX
32 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
ZyãòZzgòR6,´©xÆ‚B%1o™**ecX Y,}ÆõÝ¥™**: X8
Z¤/Z(™äÆn½7g&¢AgppzZá©xc*ZŠZg}:ƒVÂÎZÑZZò¬ïÔ‰ZZx{»Ší',ZñZKyŠz„ç5]ÐgZ‚HYñ¥â]Ã%1o¯äZzg¥™äÆÂxÅu',Z„™,XøáÆq&]¥™äƈZ†ŠxÑgc*CÛ*zguZzgeðÅ»g¦/Zg~ƒãec&Óx³ZEw™Ã)™
óÌŠ¶(X 3 6,L(0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~£g 120
:g›¿ÅÕi 2 ‹t£g
(gŠ¿ÆaZq-Û*zguúŠc*Y@*ìÔT~Z»zZãÒyZzgZŠZxÆaŠ*zm,~ÕiƒCìX
)gÉâFÆ‚B5™7,JYñ( ãCŠ~ZágbãCŠ~eðÃ6,z¤/ZxÆW¸i6,±Z0+ZiЦHY@*ìX /
Š¶(X 1-2 uò(g›¿ÅÕ<V~eðÅzZãƒÃWCì)gÉâF /”VÔâZâVZzg7g~ñ‹6,(g›¿ÆZW,Z]»Y,{heÆn¶K**]Zzg /ZágZ]ŶK0+„ÅYCìXZ’ZðY,}ÐqÝ”{¥â]Ã6eðÐZ\ef$HY@*ìYg~6,z¤/Zx /
Š¶(X 3 ÅF,¹Æ!*g}~WÇ{™C)gÉâF
(g›¿ÅÕ<V~”VÔâZâVÉçZ]ÆDg¤/z7VZzgSà /
33 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
½Å#bz4~Zzg™«F,¶]~áïƒCX(gŠ¿ÅÕqVuòqÑ]ÐOW,{W!*Š~Å¢zgc*]û°uJ-7g~ /™C@*Z7£g~ZzgY콊~YnZzgDZm6,z¤/ZxâoHY
Š¶(X 4-6 n)gÉâF
gÉâF
ÃD¯c*Yñ¢zg~u¤/ñVÆa!*‡°{-½G‰ g›¿Ænˆzm, X1
@*ŒVÒyG‰Àò£gZ]ÃqÝHYnXzm,~t¶K0+„ÌÅYñÃyÏ(u¤/xVÁ£â]Æn»gňZzgZ0+Zi{Îc*YñtZ
ZlxZzgŠgVŽŢzgc*]Ãt¾uJ-7g~™,ÏZzgtWc*Šzu}ZŠZg}!*¹¢zgc*]7g~™ä6,»gXÇ(¢zgc*]ÆZ[~CÙeEg¿YñXuò½ÆZyZY]ÆŠgVZzgZlx»(ÎDƒñZŠZgzVÆŠgxyëW°Zzg0*GZg~‡ìgppÆnÃlÅYNX
ˆzm,~6sÔ!*<mD6s eðŦÈ~Zzg‹tÆnZ¦ZŠ»g»Ûzr: X2
Å&¢A(,JäƧiÌáïƒäe454è XGG@*ãCŠ~Z°ZŠzÑg¦™ÆZy»‹tHYñXZkÆ‚B‚BôZãZzgøá»ÛnÌ7gZHYnX@*ëzm,Æ¿ÆŠzgZyZy!*ÂV»{§pZ{ìw7g3Y@*X
uòqÑ]ZzgyâÅZ’ZY~g›¿Åzm,ÃÁZiÁCÙeg ÕqVZ\ef$™**: X3
â{ˆZ\ef$HYñXZk~Z[J-Å»xÒVÔuòqÑ]~p~ZzgZŠðg~¢zgc*]»ñŠ{(áïƒ**ecXZk»Ñ£gZzgÎfÆ‚B‚B˜VJ-eƒnÔîsZ=]0*GZg~~4~Ñ**ìX
34 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
ez3,iÃuò(gŠ¿Æ£gZzgŠZ],{»gøwçZ]ÆDg¤/z7V ez3,i»g›¿: X4
ÐmgppzZá!3›Ð)4èG
GEÆZ0+gZ`zZyZ`6,!*‡°ÏÐÃU*ã™ãecXZ7dZyÐOW,{Z´V~(u¤/ñVJ-g‚ðÃD¯**ecX-i½GYäec@*'+Åö!*ã™äzZá£ò´V~½ÆÀò£gZ]Ã
Š¶(X 44 Ô™8 ÔgÉâ^ 1 qÝHYn)g‚ðZzgIÆâjw»£g
uò(g›¿Ã!*<myâÆŠzgZyZzg"yW!*Š~Æ ¸ò6,z¤/ZñV»Ûzr: X5
nD6,z¤/ZxÆ‚BëW}Zzg¢o™äŵ/È~™ãecZzgZk~¸òZzg£ò(µ/È~ÔZOðÔZOxzZ¾ZxZzgq¢uzkZ‚E+{ÅF,šMÌáïÅYãecX
özŠf$)ª”Vc*'+c*ZyÆ ZŠZgCf$~qbg»zIV6,¸W**: X6
gŠZg(gppzZàZæZŠ~¡VÃZkZ%ÃD¯**ecZyÆ(g›¿Ó#ÖZzgzWf$gppzZáZŠZgzVÆ_.@*Óx(¢zgc*]7g~ƒÃXCÙOW,{´ºÆn(Õi~”VÅ›zúÆ‚B‚BâZâVÅ¢zgc*]»ìwg3YñT~U*â~ÔZZZzg/½ÔIZi5i#ÖF,šMZ‚E+{ZzgoƒŠw½áïƒXZy´V~zZ:MäzZáZÛZŠÅ(F,¹ÅÕ<V~ZKyŠz„¡VÅæŠÐ»g™Š{îsZ=]çzy6,z¤/ZñVÃáïHY**ec
XÆZŠZâ]Æaz‰ÜŶ»XŠg7ƒ@*ìX)VwÆîg6,C{¦/eVÅbàZzg'+ÅZ’ZðM!*Š»g~(
35 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
:ôZã 3 ‹t£gÓx´ZÛZŠ!*‡°ÏÐ(gŠ¿Åu¤/ñVZzgOW,{W!*Š~Å(,fƒð(¢zgc*]ÅôZã™DX
)gÉðâFÅæŠÐ7,³( ãCŠ~ZágZ]
uòqÑ]ZzgZŠZâ]ÅÚôZãÆa‡.Þ¿ZzgYg~z‚g~ÂxƒDX /gÉâFŠB( 1-2)
ÓxOW,{¤/z7VÅúgÂVÔ%ŠÔaZzgâZâVÐ!*‡°{xzg]ÅYCìZzg /ŠB( 2 Z¹ôZãÅu¤/ñV~áïHY@*ì)gÉâ^
ãCŠ~¥â]Zzgâˆp=VZzggs**]ÐÑzq™Æ(¥â]F,KMZzg /gÉâFŠB( 3-4 !*‡°ÏÐZÇÅYCÔX)
¥â]ŦÈ~Ƨi;ñ»gZzg‹b™ä~oF,šMc*Cƒ@*ìZzgZk /Z%ÃD¯@*ì¥â]‡.Þ½zZzg‹t‡&ÿEL¤&Zzg‡.Þè¢ìX)gÉ
ŠB( 5 â^¬Ðð”{!*‡°{z²VдZÛZŠÆ‚B(ñZŠ»‹tZzgnŠ!HY@* /
ŠB( 3 ìX)gÉâ^ôZãÆÂxZzgeðäÃ8àÅãCŠ6,!*‡°ÏÐ].h+¯c*Y@*ì6gs**] /êCÙ™@*Zzg!*¸ê‚i~ÅZYi]ŠêìXp=VÔ6gs**]Ô¢zgc*]Zzgz‚bŶK0+„™äzZà¥â](6,z¤/Zx /
36 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
$4-?çGEEzVÃ!*‡°ÏÐÛZëÅYCXôZãÆË~Z#¢zg~ƒÔ6,z¤/ZxÆp™aYDX /
gÉâF
ÃM!*Š~Å$+rƒð(¢zgc*]ªCÙ™ãecÔZkÆ‚B‚BèÃg{ ôZã X1
6,z¤/Zx¹VJ-¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™DÔC**ec@*µ}òqÝ™ÃZzg4~ÆZk**]»Y,{BXZq-„gëgÐÓx¥â]æ™äÅ¢zg]7ƒCXôZãÅú~Z,êY]áïƒVºmnÅ¥â]âzgc*]ÅãCŠ6,ù¦HYñÔ¥â]ŦÈ~Zzg¿~ZEwƒäzZáfgZùÅlZgHƒX%äÆîg6,¹Ï¥â]jßVZzgŠzu}(6,z¤/ZñVЦÅY$ËÔ¢zgc*]Zzgz‚bƯg~ZágZ]7™,X)}ŠZ¼zZyZ`Å
¥â]ÔH¤D7,JðЬ¼3DÔÂ1VÅ®ZŠÔ7,JäZzgIzZáñZŠÅŠø7!z){(jwÐ!*CÙgzZá”VZzgZyÃjw~Š4:™ZäÅz;]c*)q¢~ÅôZãÃÉ”{´VÆywŠzg}Æ´z{ñ‹Æ¤/z7V
Ð5‡'™ÆzZãHY**ecX
z{ßvpDîg6,‡.ÞJwZ0+ZiÐOW,{M!*Š~ÆÓx ôZã~Ñq-ßv: X2
¤/z7VÐ¥â]ZÇ™äƇ.ÞƒVÔ!*<mZzgi!*yÅ'gÂVÆÒpÐSyÃáïHY**ecX£òpDu¤/ñV»»Ÿìz{ßvZyúgÂVZzgZä/z7VÐeÏ~nŠ!ìw™,pDîg6,‡.ÞJwƒVX
uòqªÅ2+gƒMhXãCŠ~¥â] (: EMIS (ZOxÆ¥âCÂx) X3
ŦÈ~ZzgZyÆ‚Š{¿ÃF,ÁãCŠ6,¸òZŠZgzVÅæŠZzgZÚZà
37 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
ÅF,¹c*bàÆaòÔ´‡ð EMIS ¬zyÐbw™**ecX inter-agency
Zzg£òR6,Z¦ZŠÆÛzrZzgz‚bÅ¢zg]ƒCìZzgZ¹F,¹Š¶ÔZ‰™äÔZOx™äZzg±™äÅÌ¢zg]ƒCìXuòßg‹qw~A¢eƒÔZ,ZŠZxZVäecX»Ñ¯g~yâÆ%µÐIZq-‡.Þ¿ôZãÆÂx»ªxƒX
ÆaZq-!íW,ÎÅz*ÅÑiò¢zg]ƒCìXòZzgVR6,(ŠÃF,Zzg½ EMIS
ÆŠvf~%Y])‰òZŠZg{Y]',ZñF,šM(Æ0*kÌñizVÎÅz*ƒäecoƒeðä‡ì™Æ¥â]ÆnŠáÅœªÛZë™,X
»ZOx !3›Ð)4èG
GEÅôZã ÃgkÆŠc*ZÐgh™Yäƈ˜VJ-eƒnÔ X4
ƒ**ecXôZãÆŠZ],Ò»g~pZ0+Ï~g»z^Ô®Š~'g'ZzgˆZipZ0+Ï(ñZŠJ-g‚ðáïìX/½ÅôZã~5iäñZµÅˆlZzg‚.F,šMc*CÅ'gÂV»ZEwáïƒ**ecZzgt¿5iäoZzglàÇyÆ!*bZgnoÐ
åƒ**ecXâôZã»6,z¤/ZxËÌ6,z¤/ZxÅúÆa‡.ÞŠg8à(62™4 ÛZë™@*ì)ŠBD+göZzg½X£g
Óx‹/Y]Ê*zm,Z]ÅŠ,ZzgZyÃqgzfsÅzŸs# ¥â]ÅÂ}: X5
X¥â]¦ 4 X¦È~»§i 3 X¥â]»fg= 2 XbCÙÅ°p 1 ™ãecXX¥â]Æ‹c*C§i»gXZ¤/¥â]ŦÈ~ÔZOxZzg 5 ™äzZáZzg
‹bÆŠzgZyÃð"‡°ÏƒðƒÔQÐÌâ™**ecXic*Š{Ðic*Š{z‚bÅHÆ|ÙZÛZŠZ²ZxÐvÆa¥â]Ã$+wMhX)‰uŠgz
q¢~c*q¢~ÆZ°ZŠzÑg(¥â]ÅÂ}Ã4¯äÆa)Z´y™Š{ŠzgzV
38 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
Å0*ŒÆfg)oÅF,šM™ãecX
:øá 4 ‹c*C£g'g]Ã4¯äZzgZ[Š„ÃÛzrŠ¶Æa(gŠ¿Å!*‡°{Zzg)Y—Zg
øáƒCìX
)gÉâFÆ‚B5™7,³( ãCŠ~ZágZ]
0*ÎVZzg6,z¤/ZñVÅøá2ZŠZâ]Å»xçVÔù¦g›¿ÅÕ<VÔ /Sà½ZzgVÆDÆ£œZzgÀò£gZ]ÆjZáÐoƒz²V
(X 1 ЙãecX)ŠBgÉâ^ZŠZâ]Æ)ZgZŠ~ZW,Z]6,¥â]‡VÆÑ»YЙszËsZzg) /Y—ZgZ:§jÐqÝÅYCXÓxZÛZŠøwOW,{W!*Š~ZzgŠv%Y]ÆÑ»YÐ¥â]™sËsZzg /)Y—ZgZ:Z0+Zi~qÝÅYCXÓxZÛZŠøwçZ]ÆDgñ‹Å(ÌVÔòZzg£ò(Z−gÔZ‚E+{ /
(2 ZzgIzZáœu¤/ñVáïƒD)gÉâ^ZòtZzg4…V»zWF,¸òZzg£òñ‹Æ´z{ZKyŠz„ñ‹ÐnŠ!H /Y@*ìZ¹âˆuòqÑ]6,z¤/ZñVZzg0*ÎV~áïHY@*ì@*¸òZzg
(X 3 ¬@(Z@Zs~zeZÑYn)ŠBgÉâ^
gÉâF
39 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
ãg~ZzglZg~ŠzâVnÆñZŠÃZ‰™ÆZq-å¦k,7™ãecX øá X1£g~ñZŠ(tzòtÅ¥â]ÛZë™@*ìZzgÑgc*]6,ZÇň¥â]ÅzŸs#™ä~把êìX£g~ñZŠZÚz-Ôx@}Zzg’k,~Š*zm,Z]Æfg)¦HYYìZzglZg~ñZŠuz}ZzgÎZw**ñVÆfg)Z‰HYYìX
øáÃZKãÔâŠ~Zzgâ1CZñgÔIzZáÅg‚ðÔg»z^ÔËqÔDÔD+g+(§i»gÔ½Åàg~Zzg¤&ÔŠzgZy5i#ÖF,šMZ‚E+{Ô!3›Ð)4è
GGE6,ZW,Z]øw
ZZ½Zzg5i#ÖÆñZµZzgzWF,ñ‹6,ZW,Z]»Zq-YeY,{7™**ecX
œP~´ZÛZŠÆazgu øáÆfg)Z¦ZŠ»g»Ûzr: X2
á\ÅÛZbáïƒãec@*œ¦gZ]Ôgs™zZc*YnXÑZÇãCŠ6,œÛ*zguZzg§i»gÃF,¹Š~YnZzgõÝ»Y,{Zzg=ôÅYnX(
6,z¤/ZxÆp»œ¿ÆUƒV~Ñq-ƒ**{mîg6,ÃZ+{qƒ@*ìXSkÐQyÅâˆ!Zzg\gá]ÆÎfÆaZq-Ãc*CãCŠúŠ¶~æŠï$ËìXµ"ÐZ.Š{™äzZáªZ‚E+{ZzgŠv(oÌQy)]ŶK0+„™YìXÐQ¹zZô7,@*ìXz{Qy)]ÐÌMÇ{™MhX
»ºm\gá]ÆË~Z¹‚o™**7,ZX
øáàÇyЬZi+c~áïQyÅ : õÝZzg¼ƒñZòt»nŠ! X3
g7g^™äÆ!*g}7ÞecqßÍV~¥HYY첊zu}Zi+c~vZzgZ0+gzãõÝ»zWF,nŠ!7ƒnÇX
40 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]Y,{Û*zgu :1e
+5+k,~%n½Zð£g qª
41 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
‡&ÿELZEw0*ãJ-g‚ð
ãCŠ~¡Ô½ZZzgçÑC;]}.â]J-g‚ð
½Zð”w
g;öÅÛZbZzgñiz+M
¡qZ:gzb
ÌðÆ£gZ]
½ZðD¡Ô½ZZzgçÑC;C}.â]Å»g™ŠÏ
ZI{:»çÙZzgâgL:©
½çÑCZzgpDÚø
**ûZgc*V
D)KãÔ‡âãZzgâŠ~(ZKã£t&‡âyÅxZã
ºm?0+{¤/z\
ö!*yM
!*Š~»wÔ"yÔË
”{ÔÒZzg/
ýM!*Šc*
])ÀM
!*Š~ÔÅ
„z){(
¸ò(tzòt(ÏÔçÙÔ@*g]ÔçÑCÔÓäZ¦ZŠÔZOòeJçÔÂxÔDZÑgnÔM[zƒZÔŠgCçZ]ÔÎZÑZò
°Ôz){
¸òâg454è GHG
‡.Þ¿)Zzg@*ëÛzãçz-$Å¢zg]Áƒg„ì(c***‡.Þ¿X
Z¦ZŠZz
g?0+
Ï»‹t
}Ô
øw/Zzg
Ò)ëM
°(Ñ
•
Y,{Û*zguÃZq-ºmM!*Š~Å¢zgc*]ÃKZzgËËJ-îÆÑÆjZáÐcZzg‹}ÆaZq-ãCŠÆîg6,ZEwHY@*ìXZk‹b~o]ZzgŸŠzâVŠƒD
XY,{Û*zguQyŠgY]6,Œƒ@*ìT~¢zgc*]ÅOñ´Qñg6,gzpn™äÆa)bƒDXZ#ŠgVÆâÎËqŠU*Cßg‹qwÃ?m,HY@*ìÂèÃg{Û*zguzZãîg6,Zk»jZ!7ŠêZzgY,{-VÅ抙äÆa'×h+ZbZñ»gÅ¢zg]ƒCìXZ#J-tZbZñ»gú7ŠØYDÔ-VÃqŠU*Cßg]qwÅzŸs#™äÆapŠÃðZN[™**ƒÇXtÛ*zgu¥â]ÆnŠáÆaZq-.e$ñZ¬ZzgËsPÃgx½™@*ìT»ÑdZâVÐ.ëÆaF,ÁZKyŠz„gŠ¿Åµ/È~™**ìXÛ*zguÅCÙZq-R6,)bŤ/ÄŠ3ðŠîìZzgítF,ÁgŠ¿77™@*XZkÛ*zguÐè¸ìZŠgV~!*bZ®g0*c*Y@*ìZzgZ¹Z(„'ecXÛ*zguÆCÙZq-ŠgZ»ZÐZŠ~îg6,Y,{1Y**ec)}½(Zzg%1oY,{»Zq-8~î O)ª(ßg]qwÆÛ*zguÆŠzu}ŠgV6,ZW,Z](ƒXDÔZKã£tÔZzg‡âyÅxZãZ,úc*V)bqZµÐZzgòŠJg}~g{™iHY**ecXY,{»$©î EG0M¸i'Z5ðc*M!*Š~»¤/z\ƒ@*ìX
Æf~zgå¤/z\»»g™Š{ìZzg CAP (Zzg IASC â~.:Y,{Û*zguZÚZà>‡[)~ƒäzZàzg¤\~ZkÅâu,Šg„ňT~ez3,iÔZZx{ 2004 †g~ 25
ÆZŠZg}Ôgi+™ZkZzg)u»g~"3Š)4èGEE
Gáï‰X
42 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
:uòqª~µ/È~ 2eßg]qwÆ‹tÅ7,@*àz„
6,z¤/Zxŵ/È~ZzgZkÆÎfÆaW\ÃÁÜÔ)bÔßvZzgZŠZgzVÃKÅ¢zg]ìX
ãCŠ~øá X1
ãCŠ~ïÆaÃyÐeðÅ¢zg]ƒCì? /Îfŵ/È~™Dz‰ÜM\þeðÅ¢zg]ƒCìXHŠø7[ì†jw /ÅÇ)®ZŠÔÇ(ÔCYÅáµ®ZŠÔZ‚E+{Å®ZŠz){?6,z¤/Zx»M¸i™äÐIHãCŠ~eðæ™ä»ñµ$4lç GOì? /
ßg‹qwÅâÎ X2
ßg‹qwÅâÎHì)M×ÔZe7-(? /HZ,¤/z\)pÄÔ/Ôz){(uòqÑ]Ð{mîg6,OW,ƒDX /
ßg‹qw~ZPx X3
Hßg‹qw‡ìŠZì)¿æ]ÔŠgxãæ](ìc*R[Ìw•5+k,ì? /HŠvÃðuòqÑ]?)ñŠ{uòßg]~Zq-5uòqªc*Ãð(,~ /p~ÑN(XHQyÁÜŶK0+„ÅY$ËìZe7-ZzgZëF,+p´VÑD? /
43 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
qD(Âx X4
(ÂxHZq-‡.Þ¿(Âxì? /HZ@Z°M!*Š~~Zq-ÐiZZ+Âx»x™gì? /qDuòßg]qwäñŠ{(Âxþ§bOW,Hì? /HjßVZzgZÐZ_5¼?ç HFŶc*n„ƒì?)!*zgc{äÔÌðÅœ1]Ôfí{ /Y]z){(X
(âjwÅñŠ{qªHì?)ÇÔ‚âyÔ#{)®)Ôoz){( /ZM!*Š~&¤/z{ÐmgppzZá±ÃVÔ±YVc*”VÅHZq-Üqªì? /Hajw~ŠZ4Zzgz{!*‡°ÏÐjwYgì?Z¤/7ÂYV? /HajwÆZz‡]ÆŠzgZyÈuÐOW,ƒD)}**7XjwJ- /îsÃ,ÔÀò½Zð¶(HaºmâMz½Zð·z]»DggT?z{ÃyÏ? /
»[Zzg½H»[œì? /H½ÆaZq-œi!*y)i!*3(? /HZ‚E+{ÔD+g+çz**]Zzg(çz**]? /HQ*ŠÅF,šM&!*iF,šMÅ¢zg]ƒCì? /H)gŠ½Zzg'gÂVÆF,m6,z¤/ZxÅ¢zg]ƒCìX)n{qw)a(3„Ô /jw:MäzZáac*Šzu}çZ]ÆDg4](X
44 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
ãCŠ~³ X5
ãCŠ~³Å¶K0+„™,?ÃyH™g;ì? /Ãy¾Æaf)ŠZgì? /ÃyHµ/¯g;ì? /ÃyÁfgZù»f)ŠZgì? /ÃyÁhV»f)ŠZgì? /Šzu~ÎZÑZò°? /Z+YZzi)ÎZÑZòZzg£ò( /
Ó#Ö /D¸òZzg£òÓ#ÖÅñŠ{wHì)‡âãZŸtÔ¬gè(?D½»ôZyÃyì?
(PTAs jw)Z‚E+{Ô6,±Ô8KZm, /ñ‹)gÉÔ),gv(èIZÛZŠÔpZ&ÅZÔƒzg™ic*ñ‹ÆŠzu}¤/z\( /{0+Zy /D¬Ð¸eJçHì?DHuòqÑ]ä{0+ZãeJ‘ÃOW,Hì?D”VŽ~ËqÐ0ÃyŸ™@*ì){mîg6,±YVÆa(?
Šø7[z‚b X6
ŠBqgz!*Ñ÷÷qD(Âxóó( ½Æa)Hz;VIÅÇôp? /
45 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
HjwÅŠø7[œ1]åîg6,»x™g„? /gziZ:jwÃ`äÆaHZ‚E+{Zzgjw»6s»°®ZŠ~ñŠì? /
½ZðZæZŠÆapgZuÅ„»M¸i¾Šg¢zg~ì? /pgZuÅ»g~ÆaÃKoñŠì? /pgZuÅ»g~ÆaÃœ1]ñŠ)jwÆ!*zgc{äÔÍŠZxÔ /3ä&åäÆ',@ÔåäÆaZgïÔ0*ã»fg=(?Hœ1]ÅÛZb‡.Þ¿ì? /HfgZùMæzgÄ&F,−&fí{»ãCŠ~eJçì? /pgZuÅÃZ»k½ÅYg„?Q¹½Zð„Æ£â]J-¹VZzgùàc* /Y@*ì?HyzZiZ!Æajwƃ6,z¤/Zx? /Hqw„~˾ŠyÇyäÃðz°{Hì? /HÎfÆaÃð6,lÑq-»g? /
XñŠ{Zzg™)b 7
säHIÅÇôp? /H”VÔZ‚E+{ZzgZæZŠ~»g.VÃIzZà»VJ-ôpg‚ðqÝì? /HpgZuÅ»g~Zzg„Æaôp(ì? /HfgZùMæzgÄZzgpgZuÅF,−!*™«ƒCì? /
46 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
HpgZuÃôp§jÐfí{HY@*ì? /
¤/z„)b /@HZq-c*ŠvÆaÃðºm)b? /HZ¤/zƒVÐ0ºm)b?)¤/z„Ô'Z5ð( /
‡âãwHµ/È~Zzgu¤/ñVÆÎfÆaÓ#ÖzZãÑq-»gì? /H(u¤/ñVÅðZzg×e$Ã(ÏZzg£òÓ䪊]Åçz-$qÝì:Z¤/ /7ÂYV7?HZk×e$Æ%MÐ(,"~çZ]? /HZk×e$Æ%MÐ(,−‡.ÞZiƒYì? /HÑZ•ŠZg~aZÅY$Ëì? /H×e$ÆÛzrZzgZkÆ”wÆa6,z¤/ZxúŠØYMh? /
âpf:¬@6,z¤/Zx',ZñpgZuÔuòqÑ]~jwÆapgZuŵ/È~Ôßg]qw http://www.wfp.org YX 2004 »Y,{Ô6,z¤/ZxÅúÔÎfÔ
47 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
:¥â]ŦÈ~Zzg¢zgc*]»Y,{ 3eÎZw**)()Ç(:'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''uòßg]qwÅâÎ:''''''''''''''''ZëX)Z(:''''''''''''''''''
H‰jwR[Ì»x™gì?”VÅq¢~Å®ZŠ ( ;V&7
±Æ ±HV''''' ''''' ''''''''''''''' '''''''''' ''''' ''''''''''''''' '''''''''' ''''' ''''''''''''''' '''''
Zëz!*]Zzg)bÅzŸs# X1jwÅqgZ]ÃvyàìjwÅuzŠ~0*ã)ôpZzg°xŠø7[ìajwÐ!*CÙZzgÃgr‚iz‚ây&ñZŠŠø7[7
æjw»‚iz‚âyyh+äÅf7gnpZ‚E+{jwgh`c*egD
48 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
Z‚E+{Å(!*Ú½c*CZÛZŠÅ¶ìZ‚E+{»x7™,ÐZ¤/9Z{:A
™**Ôç**ußg]Z(g™ŠHìZ‚E+{`~**xŠg`™`
¼ap‚ÛŠ{ƒ‰¼aiƒ‰a¯`~**xŠg`™Z`
”VÅM!*Š~ÅÙ|# X2±Æ ±HV ITÞ
'''‚ '''‚ '''‚ ‚wJ- 5Ð0
'''‚ '''‚ '''‚ ‚wJ- 13Ð6
'''‚ '''‚ '''‚ ‚wJ- 18Ð14
'''‚ '''‚ '''‚ g;›'''‚ '''‚ '''‚ )g;›
IZiuòqªÐñiZ:X X3±Æ ±HV ITÞ
Á7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ ”VÅ®ZŠÁ7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ ‚wJ- 5Ð0
Á7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ ‚wJ- 13Ð6
49 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
Á7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ ‚wJ- 18Ð16
Á7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ g;öÁ7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ Á7Vic*Š{ )g;›
X ÆËZëÛtÅzŸs#™,HŠvÃðZë)bX»ZiZ!™äÅ¢zg]ìÔ‰Zܹ¤/z7VÅñŠÏ?zŸs#™,X
”V»(£gHì? X4çwjw½ 6,ZÎ~½ Z’Zð‚Ž
)Z’Zðº)( /Ƥ/z\ÅM!*Š~»°œ
'''' '''' '''' 僊Hƒ
aÃyÏi!*3ZEw™D? X5èYäzZà 1àYäzZà âŠg~i!*y
''''''' £òi!*3)zŸs#™,(''''''''''''''''''''' Šv)zŸs#™,(''''''''''''''
50 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
HM\Æ0*kËZ+gc*„»uìT~ñ‹ÅqgÂV)}jwÔ%Zœ/ Xa6
ƒÔla(Ê3c*ŠHƒ?
»Z[7ìÂHM\ZyÃqÝ™Mh? 6a Z¤/ Xb6
»Z[7ìÂCNM\ät¥â]ùqÝ™,! 6b Z¤/ Xc6
#{)®)ÆaÁ»VÃZEwHYYì? X7”VÅ®ZŠqr**ì''''''' jw&#{)®)''''''' bà%Zœ/''''''' g;ö''''''' Ûzã)‚tŠZg(&Šg|#(''''''' y''''''' èIqg'''''''' Ò''''''' Šv)zŸs#™,(
HqgzfsqzVJ-g‚ðM‚ãÐeì? X8**‡.Þg‚ð ÃA6,)¢azV~( ñµ6,
0*ãÆfgZù)zŸs#™,(
51 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
šMZsYN*&Ò3ï JGH<{ä
?œ1]mzgZÛZgÆaœ1]ð
¥Ãk~q¢ƒäÆaHÃ,ð™**7,@*ì? X9‚76X100 ‚51X75
)”VƤ/z\»‚(‚26-50 °œ 0-25
)¢azV~(''' ''' ''' ''' ¢ac*ZkÐÁ 500
''' ''' ''' ''' ¢a1000Ð500
''' ''' ''' ''' ¢aÐiZZ+ 1000
)qV~(''' ''' ''' ''' MŠJéc*ZkÐÁ''' ''' ''' ''' MŠñéÐZq-éJ-
''' ''' ''' Zq-éÐiZZ+
HayÆgLñL»ñVc*ŠvË»x~zfe? X10±Æ ±HV'' '' ‚
52 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
'' '' °Šy]'' '' {mîg6,ðc*áx
(ñZŠÅHlZg)Z0+ZiU(ìŠø7[ìZzgXÅ¢zg] X11
ì?¢zg]ì Šø7[ì )°^(
''''''' ''''''' ŠgÏÃ''''''' ''''''' 1 *y''''''' ''''''' 2 *y''''''' ''''''' 3 *y''''''' ''''''' ô''''''' ''''''' eu''''''' ''''''' ÍwZ@''''''' ''''''' bÂ[''''''' ''''''' 6&R''''''' ''''''' R&g(,''''''' ''''''' gùVÅ&4hÓ4è FEG
''''''' ''''''' Šv)zŸs#™,(
53 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
D+g+ñZŠÅHlZg)Z0+ZiU(ìŠø7[ìZzgXÅ¢zg] X12
ìX¢zg]ì Šø7[ì )°#Ò)®)(''''''' '''''''' gÉÃ&Š4Âa''''''' ''''''' gkgeÃ''''''' ''''''' ›({''''''' ''''''' eu»e/''''''' ''''''' Š-Zg~eg&'''''''' ''''''' à&R''''''' ''''''' e~''''''' ''''''' Šv)zŸs#™,(''''''' ''''''' ¸mñZŠ
”VÃ7,JäÆaÃyŠø7[ì&ƒYì? X13%Š‚ úg'‚ ®ZŠ'' '' '' F,šMc*CZ‚E+{'' '' '' 4&zZgZ:ZÛZŠ'' '' '' Šzu}‡VÆ'' '' '' &zgZ:ZÛZŠ'' '' '' )VwÆîg6,zp&cZzp(
54 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
'' '' '' (,}a'' '' '' ñ‹ÆZgZW'' '' '' Z+YZziÆZgZW'' '' '' gŸ»g'' '' '' Šv)zŸs#™,(
Z‚E+{Åçz-$ÆaHZKãz‚bŠø7[? X14½z‡/»£g %Š‚ úg'‚ ®ZŠ''''''''' '' '' '' 4&zZgZ:ZÛZŠ''''''''' '' '' '' Šzu}‡VÆ&zgZ:ZÛZŠ''''''''' '' '' '' )VwÆîg6,zpÔcZ
zp(''''''''' '' '' '' (,}a''''''''' '' '' '' ñ‹ÆZgZW''''''''' '' '' '' Z+YZziÆZgZW''''''''' '' '' '' gŸ»g''''''''' '' '' '' Šv)zŸs#™,(
Ha_Z{? X15”VƤ/z\»°œ
'''''' ZK7g~ÄÆ‚B
55 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
'''''' âVc*!*\ËZq-Æ‚B
'''''' (,}Çc*¸ðÆ‚B
'''''' ËŠzu}ÄMÆ‚B
'''''' gŸ»gzVÆ‚B
'''''' Ë
y»u',Z{Ãyì? X16”VƤ/z\»‚'''''' âV'''''' !*\'''''' ŠzuZ!*ÚÛŠ)zŸs#™,('''''' ŠzuZ)(,~Ç('''''' ŠzuZ)(,Z¸ð('''''' Šv)zŸs#™,(
”VÆ{0+Zy»çÙ:©? X17°œ
'''''' ‚y'''''' Šºg'''''' {:$+zl'''''' ñ70*%zZá'''''' Šv)zŸs#™,(
56 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
”VÊØYäzZá{mâ]H? X18¡zÌðÐ0x''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''¡Æ!*g}~â]''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''šçZ]‰!*gzŠ~u4Ð0x''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''i0+ÏÅ'g')zŸs#™,('''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''Šv)zŸs#™,(''''''''''''''''''
OW,{ñ‹~»x™äzZáãCŠ~ZŠZgzVÅñŠÏ)PZq-» X19
**xCN(XñŠ7 ¹Á ¬x CÙ(ñŠ ñ‹ÅÌV
''''''' 1
'''''''' 2
ñŠ7 ¹Á ¬x CÙ(ñŠ zZig]½Æz‚b''''''' 1
''''''' 2
ñŠ7 ¹Á ¬x CÙ(ñŠ F,šMZ‚E+{ÆZŠZg}
57 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
''''''' 1
''''''' 2
ñŠ7 ¹Á ¬x CÙ(ñŠ (u¤/ñV~s£òZ+YZzi''''''' 1
''''''' 2
ñŠ7 ¹Á ¬x CÙ(ñŠ £òu¤/ñVzsÎZÑZòZ+YZzi''''''' 1
''''''' 2
ñŠ7 ¹Á ¬x CÙ(ñŠ ZZx{ÅZìV''''''' 1
''''''' 2
ñŠ7 ¹Á ¬x CÙ(ñŠ Šv)zŸs#™,(''''''' 1
''''''' 2
-&4iý EGX : âpf
58 ÓxŠgVÆaœuÀò£gZ]
g‚ðZzg(âjw X2¬gsdZãZŠzZgÆŠzgZy½‰ÑiòhZzgz‚bJ-g‚ðZÒZz‡]Z•ðözŠƒCìX@*ë½OW,{M!*Š~ÃZK’ÆaZŸ°DZzg{Æ”wÆfg)ZLqÑ]»£™ä
ZzgZKi0+7V~!*‡°ÏÆZiuâ”w~把¶Æe~ã~™ŠZgZŠZ™$ËìXSÏZzY~ZÒuòßgwÆŠzgZy(u¤/ñVñ™**ic*Š{ë{ƒY@*ìÔZzg}.˜ƒ@*ìçZ]»Dg¤/z\{mîg6,z{½qÝ™ä~**»xgÐTÅZ¹7
¿ÅˆƒXÓáVÔñ‹ZzgZKyŠz„¡VÅtf)ŠZg~ìz{ZkZ%ÃD¯N!*ÑZzg£g~(ñZµJ-ÓxZÛZŠÃg‚ðq݃Zzgt½Æ”wÆâjwôpƒVZzg½qÝ™äzZßVÃDZzgZyÅf6Ô_.!*CZzg8‹ŠÃÛzrŠïƒVX
uòqÑ]~(6,z¤/ZxIzZßVSî”VÔâZâVZzg(pÃ8ÔYZzgf6DÛZë™DX@*ë½qÝ™äzZßVÃZÒjwMäZzgYäzZágZ2V6,ZzgpŠ(âjwÆZ0+g8c*;CçZ]»‚o™**7,@*ìXt)b±YVZzg{ÂyZ‚D+{Ã**oƒ§jÐOW,™DX(}.â]ÅÛZb~Zkf)ŠZg~ÃD¯**@*CYjwMDZzgYDƒñ2pŠ(âjwŠzâVßgÂV~ZLM\Ãôpìw™,X
gŠZzg)gŠ(ñZµ»Zq-D+gŸÛZëHY**ecXZ¤/ËuòqªÆM¸i~gŠ½¯g~îg6,e:ƒÂ(6,z¤/ZñV~mu¤/xV)ö(F,KMŠ~YN;)gŠ(u¤/xV;(,~/Æ”VÆa)Z¤/¢zg~ƒ(Yg~6,z¤/ZñV~@*íÐáïƒäƈ
59 g‚ðZzg(âjw
»xå™äÆ6,z¤/Zx;âZâVÆañZµz{ZÝ%œ/~('gÂVÃ',ŒÛZggÄÃZzgZ¹(,JÃ;Zzg”VÔâZâVZzg!*½VÆaŠw)gŠ½c*{ÅF,šMZKãCŠ~½
Ñzqc*å:™nƒVX
‰¤/z7Vc*ZÛZŠÃËuòqª~½J-g‚ð~ºm)]7M$ËX@*ëËÛŠÃZqÐiů6,½ZzgIÆñZµJ-g‚ðÐøzx7™**ecX½ÛZë™äzZßVÃSà
(CAFF) ¢zgc*]Æ‚BçZ]»Dg¤/z7V}âZy±YVÔJg[ÂVÐzZh”VZZY”{”VÔÁ/âƒVz){źm¢zgc*]Åøá™ãec@*ZkZ%ÃD¯c*Yñz{
(ñZµÐnƒVX(ZŠZâ]**ÜsgŠZzg)gŠ(}.â]ÅÛZbÉZqÐiÔjßVÅ:Zzg—ãg»zIV‰)b6,ÂzŠ´ecXЉ¤/z7VÃ{g`™Šc*Y@*ìÔ!*<mZŸ°ñZµÔMc*gŠÔ)gŠc*&zgZ:ƒVÔ±YVZzgpZ&Å¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™äÆ
a¢zg~ƒDq½J-g‚ðqÝ7ìc*qZK½ÃYg~gpp~)]Šg7X
ÓxŠgVÆœu£gZ]ÐgZÆ
ÃðÌ(gŠ¿X%ZiÆfg)»gHY@*ZzgZk6,¿HY@*ìÔZKZW,5+k,~ÆjZáЇ.ÞWƒ@*ìXZk{ÃÓxŠgVÆaœu£gZ]Æ‚B5™ZEwHY**ecñ‹ÅÑ•Ô£òz‚bÔZ’ZðY,}ÔgŠ¿ÔôZãZzgøá»Zq©™DX{mîg6,ÔË‚¢ÐOW,{ZÛZŠøwçZ]»Dg¤/z7VÅËqÃic*Š{HY**ec@*ZkÅñiz+MZzg£gÃD¯c*YñX
60 g‚ðZzg(âjw
tZKâÎÆZ±gÐlZg~ƒDZzg(gŠ¿ÅÛZb~qÝK Àò£gZ]:YäzZáÀòŠgVÅzŸs#™DX
tz{÷÷´â]óóƒCtCCMc*£gqÝ™1ŠHìXt6,z¤/ZñVÆ ã~ZágZ]:ZW,Z]c*}ò2ZEwK‰§T;ñÃYiZzgZyÅF,−™ä»fg=½™DXtZágZ]£g~c*lZg~ƒMhX
Zy~z{ºmï]áïqZqÑ]~£gZ]ZzgZágZ]ÆZ:tÔ gÉâF:i)]ÐÖÆ!*g}~gÉðZzgF,Áç5]~tg}Æz‰Üik,gÑc*Y**ecXZy~£gZ]c*ZágZ]Ð0Zëç5]ÌáïƒMhZzgqD¥â]~
~jZ!Y]ÅZq-É 2 Z%Ã]Ô6,.yÁßg]qwc*§ŠZ]ÒyKYMhXvz„áïìT~ZkvÐ0Àò)bZzgºm/ç5]ŠzâVÆ!*g}~¥â]Æâ~.ŶK0+„ÅìX
61 g‚ðZzg(âjw
62 g‚ðZzg(âjw
g‚ðZzg(âjw
)z~g‚ð 1 £gXÓxZÛZŠÃ£g~Zzg
´(ñZµJ-g‚ð»hqÝìX
Dzp¥à 2 £gX(âjwÃôp¯c*Y@*ìZzgIzZßVÆDóf6z_.!*C4~ÃÛzrŠc*Y@*ìX
œ1] 3 £gX(œ1]IzZßVÅKã4~Æa¢zg~ƒCX
1 eX;CzYsB¨
2 eXjwƽZð6,z¤/ZxÅsB¨
jZ!Y]zâ~.Z]Çà 2 vXg‚ðZzg(âjwv
:)z~g‚ð 1 g‚ðZzg(âjw£gÓxZÛZŠÃ£g~Zzg!*Ñ(ñZµJ-g‚ðqÝìX
)gÉâFÆ‚B5™7,ñYN( ã~ZágZ]:
1-2 ËÛŠÃZqÐiů6,½ZzgIÆñZµJ-g‚ðÐøzx:HYñ)gÉâF /5±ÛâN(X
Š&ÀŸ/õ GG(X 3 ŠZ¾ÆaŠ*zm,Z]c*Šv»2Ãðg»z7ƒD)gÉâF /OW,{M!*Š~ÃZyÅ(¢zgc*]7gZ™äÆagŠZzg)gŠ(ñZµ»Ÿ /
Š&ÀŸ/õ GG(X 4-5 ’gôÛZëHY@*ì)gÉâF
F,šMZzgZˆkÆfg)ñ‹ÓxZgZWÆ£g~ZzgñizV½J-g‚ðÆ /Š&ÀŸ/õ GG(X 6-7 £tÃD¯ä~¬Ðic*Š{'wƒYCì)gÉâF
uòqªÆÓx%ZiZzgZ’Zðyâ~(u¤/ñVÆöZzg£gÃD¯ä /(ÔŠvF,ªCgNY»gZzgñ‹Å NGOs Æa©xÔ¾ŠyÇyÔ)u»g~¡V)
Š&ÀŸ/õ GG(X 8 Y+$Ðoƒz‚bÛZëKYD)gÉâ^¤9VÆaèÃg{uòqªÆ!*)ËVÆ΢eƒnÔgŠ /
(Âx~M‚y§jЊZ¼hec*Šz!*g{ŠZ4ƒä»ñµñŠƒ@*ìXt(6,z¤/Zxö!*yoZzg&c*´oÆ(©xŧsÐt”{ƒDX /
63 g‚ðZzg(âjw
gÉâF
Ð%ZŠ¾"$ÔÔ/ÔèÔ±Ô¤/z{Ôè<ØÔi!*yÔpÄÔ(ÏzZÕÔÒ ZqÐi X1ZÖgÔYZOŠ~:©Ô'Z5ðûzqc*Sà(¢zgc*]ů6,¬Z+™Š{0*Èc*VƒC1tZyJ-özŠ7ƒ@*XZOŠ~ÔYZzgpD£tÆ!*g}~ÎZÑZòxÐtøDfsÒy™@*ì:
±Ôg8-Ô½Ôi!*yÔè<ØÔ(Ïc*ŠvgZñÔòc*Y: 2 Mgç X©ÔZ5uÔaZöc*Švw‰ËÌnÆZqÐiÐ?Ø™½ÆhÃt™@*ì;
CÙZKyÆ(hÃt™@*ìTÆfg)ZKã,Zzg 13 Mgç XZkÆz‡gÅå›zúƒÏZzgZKã£tZzgãCŠ~MiZŠ-VÆZZxÃ
¾e$Š}ÇX½ÓxßvZk‡.Þ¯ñÏz{ZKyMiZŠçÑ}~!íW,îg6,Ñq-ƒÃÔÓxñVZzg]#Ô¤/z„c*èI¤/z7VÆŠgxy¢ÈÔ',ŠZ“ZzgŠz4ÃÛzrŠ}nZzgZðƪxÆaZZx{
qVÐZkhÆåÎfÆ 13 Åu¤/ñVÃege0+ÎñXMgç(6,ZÎ~½ÑiòƒÏZzg 1 ”wJ-qgzfsÃt™ä»Ç©8ì:
(U*â~½ZKZßgÂV~øw/z 2 CÙZq-ÃjÛZëÅYñÏ;&zZgZ:U*â~½ÀòÒpÐÛZëÅYñÏZzgCÙñizVfg)ÐZzg{m™j½ÆD+g¬gsÆfg)ÐCÙZq-Æa‡.Þg‚ð
(˜VJ-eƒnÇÔQyZÛZŠÆaãCŠ~½Åj, 3 ¯ðYñÏ;
64 g‚ðZzg(âjw
Z‚ÛZðÅYñÏc*!F,ÅYñÏZKZ’Zð½qÝ:™nƒVc*Zk»åŠzgZ67gZ:™nƒVX
6,cgMæƒ**ecuòqÑ]~½Æ QyÎZÑZòŠ*zm,Z]ZzgÛ*zgu X2
hÅ!*]™DXZy~Šg`fsáï1tZyJ-özŠ7:¬@(¯gxe»gÛ*zgu',ZñZŠZâ];½ƒÆaÃÛzrŠbT XÆ£œ~ÐZq-ÑtŒÛZgŠc*ŠHìÓáVÃecz{§ŠZ]ÔŠgCMÃ]Zzg°xZPxÐOW,{(ÂñVÅ¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™,ZzgQy§hV6,(6,z¤/ZñVÃ`NXÐ!*b¢ÈÔZðZzg',ŠZ“ÃÛzrAZzgTПŠZzg§ŠÃgz1~æŠAX
(; IV (Ð0YZ.š) 50 qªkB~à~ZÛZŠÆD)Mgç X‡*¸]ÔòZzg£ò©xƬzyÐÔ”VÅŠN¸wZzg½Ð
0ÓxZŠZgzVÆ»x/ZŒZxŠ¶Æa™¯ñÏ;(uòqªÆ CRC £tZCwÆ!*g}~ZZx{».š) X
Âx~½Æ”wÃ8Ô;CZzgŠZÔZ:DÛZë™äÆa£g~Û*zguÛZë™@*ìX
Š*zm,Z]Æ»çV~EƒãecZzgàe$Ƥ& ŠZ¼ZzgZ0+gZ`: X3
**ñVÔaZöc*/ÅZ‹ŠÔÙ!»½Z]ÔjwÅg7gFz){»»Ÿ7ƒ**ecYèƒYìuòqªÐOW,{M!*Š-VÆ0*ktŠ*zm,Z]Šø7[:ƒVXuòqªÐOW,{”VZzgâZâVÅ!*"$/Åu»Îf7ƒ**ecXjwÐïቔVÃZ0+gZ`»Šz!*g{ñµŠc*Y**ecXƒÐic*Š{øzxZzgçZ]»Dg
65 g‚ðZzg(âjw
¤9VýÅÛZbÆa@s¯äÅSàÃlÅYNX˜VsäÆ}.á]ƒVz;VŠ*zm,Z]ZzgZ0+gZY¥â]Ãvg3YñX
i0+Ï ý ZyñZµ~Z’Zð‚ÅÔ6,ZÎ~ZzgU*â~½ÔZd½ (ñZµÅuzŠ: X4
Æ{Ô&zZgZ:F,šMÔ)gŠ½)øwpZ0+ÏZzgÑge$(Zzg½Æ”wÆ!F,ñZµ˜VoƒƒáïƒäeX¤9VÃèÃg{uòqªÆË~T™[Ц/g**7,ZƒÔQk~½J-g‚ðÃDzŠ7HY**ecX
z‰ÜÆEZg].zwÈ~øwjwÆZZz‡]Zzg)Ô**‡&ÿELg‚ð(6,z¤/ZxÔÁ/âƒVÆa¼Z“ZCwÅ}.â]Ô#{)®)ÆÂx~áïƒäÅ!*"$)]»DgCÆa±ZæZŠZzgg{YäzZà¶Ã7gZ™äÆ6,z¤/ZxZzguC_¬Z,ƒäeic*Š{Ðic*Š{¤D(ñZµÐZ.Š{™ÃX(,~/Ƥ9VÃUâZy¤9VůÎV~Ñ**c*Z¹gŸ»gZ:îg6,âZy”VÅgc°¯ÎV~ËqÅZYi]Š¶ÐâZyZzg(,}/ÆCŠzâV6,t}ò%A$ƒMhZzgT»³)!íW,½Åßg]~
òYìXŠwfgZù}(,~/Ƥ9VÆae{°Zzgg~»[˜VoƒƒÔZEwKYNXgc°jw6,z¤/ZñV~ŠÑ]»Âx”gs™ZäÐIâZâVÆúÒzVÔpZ&Ƥ/z7VÔŠvñ‹ZgZWZzgñ‹‡Z++Ðtg{HYñX÷÷jwÃóó»ÑÇ¿Ü&»45»4è
GEGGÌuòqÑ]ÆŠzgZyZzgˆ~ZEwÅYãe@*Z»VÆZkãCÆauòqª~(u¤/ñVÆåeÅÁцg‚ðŵ/È~ÅYñX
66 g‚ðZzg(âjw
(ñZµÃ/Ƥ/z\)}aZzg(,}(ZzgñZŠ)}Ëuò /Ƥ/z\: X5
qªÆZ’Zð%µ~ƒÆai0+ÏXƒ¥â](ÆjZáÐF,ÁF,KMŠ~YñXuòqªÆ6,jyƒYä6,(ñZµÃM!*Š~ÆÓx¤/z7VJ-zÝŠ~Y$Ëì@*´§hVÆZEwÐZyÅi0+7V~4~ÑðYnX
Š&ÀŸ/õ GGXuòqÑ]~½ÆÀò£gZ]:Zy 1v ÷÷£g~óóZzg!*ѽ: X6
6,Z˜q]X 123 Z˜q]Å=%]Æa™
(¿~ñ‹ÃdwZ0+Zi~Ñq-HYñXZkÐñZ&C ñ‹ÅÑ•: X7
·z]Ãik,cÑäÔZŸ°z‚bÃw•~ÑäÔsäÆ»çV6,!*]™äZzgÌ5±ÛâN:r§@î EE 1 øzx5VÆâÎÑ•ÃÛzrŠ¶æŠï$ËìX)v
(2-1 6,ñ‹ÅÑ•Æ£gZ] 26@*21 6,Z˜q]Zzg™Y] 123
¾ŠyÇy»gztEZgƒ**ecZzg(SàZŠZâ]ÆöÃD¯ä z‚b: X8
ÆaZÕ<VÅ@*G™ãecËuòßgwÆZ’Zð%Zi~yâÆfg)ƒXòÓáV6,tîf)ŠZg~¬Z+ƒCìÃz{½ÃD¯NZzgZfZgùÐZæZŠ~gxqÝ™,XŠv¾ŠyÇy~ÎZÑZòñ‹)Šz§†Zzg
MZѧZs(ÔÎZÑZòZzg£òZ+YZziÔ£ò©xÔo{6,FFZŠZg}ÔÎwÔgÉâ^ 2 6,‹c*C£g 33 ΂̤/z:ZzgŠvF,ªCgNY»gáïX)™
ÌŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG(X 4
z‚bŵ/È~Æ"gïg~(ñZµÅÛZbJ-zÝŠ´ecp0*GZg~ÔîsZ~Šµ/È~)øwZkZkyÆuòßgwîs̃$Ë
67 g‚ðZzg(âjw
ì(ZzgMÒ{ÆyâÆ}.z{wÃÌź{§g3YñX©xÆ‚BZ·Zu6,(0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~ 120 ZzgZgnoÔZPxÃD¯ä~把}Yì)™
ÌŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG( 3 £g
uòqÑ]~!F,(gŠ¿»»ŸìZ\Ògm,gzc*6g^Z\-iÆfg)ZæZŠ~gxJ-¯g~g‚ðƒXîsuòqÑ]ÆŠzgZyuâtÅÛZbZâƒãec”VZzg(,zVÆa½~çzyƒZzgZ¹Zq-**gïjw6,z¤/ZxÆfg)ZK7gÄÃYg~gpp~把}XZ’ZðyâÆ%µ6,òZzg£ò(ZOðZzgµ/È~þe$Š¶Æa˜V¢zg]ƒZæZŠ~gxÛZëÅYãecX¾ŠyÇyÆz‚bÆfg)(6,z¤/ZñVÃZk‡.Þ¯c*Yñz{¬gèg;öÆZEwZzgD+g+(‚iz‚âyÅÛZbÆfg)Óx£â]6,ZC»xÑzq™ÃX
:DZzg4~ 2 g‚ðZzg(âjw£gIÆâjwôpZzgIzZßVÆD2QyÅf6z_.!*C4~ÃÛzrŠïX
)gÉâFÆ‚B5™7,JYñÇ( ã~ZágZ]ZjwZzgŠv(âjwQyM!*Š-VÆŒÛd$zZµƒD˜V}.â]ÛZëÅYC /
5±™,( 1-2 )gÉâ^5±ÛâN( 3 ÓxZÛZŠÆa(âjwJ-MäYäÅg‚ðôpìX)gÉâ^ /
5± 4-5 (âjwZ,çZ]Ð0*uƒV¥ÃvyŠ}ÃX)gÉâF /
68 g‚ðZzg(âjw
™,(Z‚E+{ÔCYZzgñ‹ÆaF,m6,z¤/ZxYg~ZzgSy»ÑDÔsäZzg™« /
~ZŸ†™**ìXZ‚E+{ZzgŠvD+g+pÃZ+'gÂVÆ‚B:HY@*ìXÆfg)z{!3›Ð)4è
GGEÅ /
5±™,(X 6 _.!*C4~~ZŸ†™äÆaZ¹;CzY把,X)gÉâ^ñ‹ÃZ,hV~áïHY@*ìX»mZjßVÆûzqZzgZ,ÂñVZzg /0*ÎVƪxЃ@*ìCYÃôp¯NXñW,D+göÆa
!3›Ð)4èG
GEŽZðZzg¿Z=]¢zgc*]»ìwgO@*jw~ /5±™,( 7 !íW,D+göƒnX)gÉâ^
gÉâF
»ç£ò&ò£gZ]ÔsäÆËZc*Šv™õZŠZâ]Æ_.H ŒÛ"$ X1Y**ecX˜VÃA»°ic*Š{ƒVÐz;VZ,gL”Vc*9xVÆatÃAð™äƇ.Þ7ÔZyÆyzVÆŒÛd$F,+»V6,f~)c*÷÷]45Õä HGV$óóc*÷÷8góó(¯ÎVÅZZYÅj,Z‚ÛZðÅYãecX
Z¤/©wÅ(qg'Šø7[7c*)ôpÂôpŠwÇÉÅ sä: X2
YãecXZjßVéZ¯Z`Æa¬gèC{ǃVÆîg6,ZEw7™**ecX
säÃD¯**gc*„Åf)ŠZg~ìZzgZksä»ZOx MäYäÆgZ5: X3
oƒZzgZd£gÅ7:¯gkZzg˜V}¢zg~ƒÔŠ2VÅëCЃYìXZk™«ÃÛzrŠ,ZzgZkZ%ÃD¯N@*MäYäÆgZ5ÓxCYZzg
69 g‚ðZzg(âjw
D+g+p)Ô/ÔèÔ±Ô¤/z„c*KãZ¦ZŠÐsÃ(ÆaôpƒVXÓxñ‹Ã!*ÚZ¾mÅ™«‰ñW,ZŠZâ]6,gzpnZzgZ·t™**ecXtZŠZxñ‹ZmwÆZ¤Z»8~î OÌ0YìX
CÃZyÓxçZ]ÐDÛZëHYñZ¹vyàMhX~ D: X4
ŠgCqŠU*]ÔZÌÔ!*gzŠÔiFu4Ô)n{”{mZÌÔ©oÔZ!Ã],8-ÅÇÔ(ÏzYŠRVZzg½»VáïptZ-J-özŠ7X
CY!*<mZ¼Zzg±HVZÒZjwMäYäÆŠzgZyic*ŠCÔŸŠÔc*ZZY»¶K:kXZ+ßgÂV~CYÅ™«Ãñ‹ZÎgÂżŠ|VZzgQyÆ!*ÚZ¾mÅY+$ÐÛZ뙊{DÆfg)4¯c*YYìXz{´º˜V¤9VÃgZ]Æz‰ÜjwÐÁgzÝzZàvÃV6,^™zZ:Y**7,}ÔÂZyÆÀzVc*LV6,g$¨Ò5¿.ç GEGHc*gŨÒ5½3ð
EGH_ÎNc*¡Ó4ø
EGIÑV$»ÈznHYñXZ#Zzg˜Ve
ƒÔ(qgZ]~pZ&¤]]ÅÈZ‚ÛZðÆañŠƒVX´z{Zi,Ô(6,z¤/ZñV~±YVZzgúgÂVÊg7pszCÙZkÅRÅôZãáïƒãecX
egZzgps~ŠvUƒVÆ‚Bf6Š!*ƒÔŸŠÔic*ŠC #{)®)»){ŠZOx: X5
ZzgZqÐiáïXZ‚E+{Ã#{)®)ƵZOxƧjÅF,šMqÝ™**ec@*egZzgpsÆzq5+k,:ƒäÃD¯c*YñXKãwZÆZEwc*ÛzrÅj,Z‚ÛZð7™ãecX
_.!*CZzgf6#bz‹ŠÃZkÆ7g}Úø~ŒYñËÛŠÆ #bz‹Š: X6
aHZYì:gKÔDÔ£g}.#ÖÔ½Š¶ZzgqÝ™äzZßVÆŠgxy©]~pÎZg~Zzg¤/xÙX¤9VÅ#bz‹ŠÃD¯äÆaZEw
70 g‚ðZzg(âjw
ÅYäzZàu¤/ñV~¢Åg~F,¹ÔkY!*b¬ïZzgZh¡Ã(,Jä6,Âz%ÃiÅYñX#bz‹ŠÃD¯**ÔËgŠc*)gŠ(6,z¤/Zx¤AVÅ»x!
ŠA(X 1 6,e 49 Дw»Ì!*)áCìX);CzY7,@*wz„Æ™
½ZðZzg¿Z=CÈuÅ¢zgc*]Ã(âjwÐ!*CÙjwƽZð ½Zá: X7
6,z¤/ZñVc*Šv½ZðDÆ6,z¤/ZñVÆfg)c*Y**ecXZ¤/ZjwƽZð6,z¤/ZñV6,¿ŠgMæHYñÂZke~ŠvZŠZgzVÆZEw”{0gÉèo
6,77 Åcz~™ãec}¬@pgZu6,z¤/Zx)jwƽZð6,z¤/ZxÅz„™Š&ÀŸ/õ GG(X 2e
:œ1] 3 g‚ðZzg(âjw£g(œ1]IzZáÅKã¡Æa‚iÇgƒCX
)gZÉâFÆ‚B57,JYñ( ã~ZágZ]:(qgZ]Zzg£xšÒpCÙËÆa‡.Þg‚ðƒDX /(âjwÅuzŠ»çzZãƒ@*ìZzg˜VoƒƒÔz;V´â]ÎDX /(£xÅ8‚|#ßgwÆ_.ñizVƒCìZzgZk~)oVÔZOðÔ /
(1 ôZzgÌðÅœ1]Æaoƒ(áïƒCìÔ)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgZÉâFX)®)~(ZzgBVÆZ"3Œé EGâ]ÃIzZáZzgZ*ŠÆ_.ƒ**ec2Úƒ /ZzgŠgzzRÆ_.ƒV@*ÑǧhVZzgIzZáÆ$©î EG0ÃÃÛzrq݃X
(1 )Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgZÉâFX
71 g‚ðZzg(âjw
(2 (âjwÅyz¼Z“~ñ‹ÅÑ•ƒCì)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgZÉâFX /(âjw~ãCŠ~¡ZzgKã¡ÃÛzrŠc*Y@*ìX //ÔZzgSà½Å¢zgc*]Zzg»çVÆ_.ÌðÅoƒœ1]øw /
(3 mzgZÛZŠÅg‚ðÛZëÅYC)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgZÉâFX(£x6,ÅW»™s0*ãZzgfZCÌðÆaoƒlZg~0*ãŠø7[ƒ@* /
(4 ì)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgZÉâFX
gZÉâF
ZOò‚|#Åñiz+MÆîsZ~ŠZEwÆa)uòßgw ZOò‚|#: X1
ƈ(Šø7[PZzgñ‹ÅÑ•ƒãecÔMc*£ò©xZzgc*£òñ‹ZkÅoƒÑ†6,ŠN¸w™MhÔtqg]¬gèÔ4xÔxÔzWc*ñ!*Lƒ$ËìX
qgzfsÁÜf‚~gO:£òîg6,¢asZzgzŠø7[ƒÂqg]y™ãecXZ,ZŠZâ]K XYäeqgZ]ÁцzZàƒVZzg8}.z{w)}>Zzgoiw(0*GZgƒVX
£g~D+göZzg(âjwÃÛzrŠ¶ÆaoƒgzÝÔƒZÅ XMæzgÄZzgwZg])Z#¢zg]ƒ(Šø7[ƒãeX
£òîg6,#Ò)®)ÆaZq-Ç£g~uHgƒãecZ¤/ŠZïV X~ZŸ†ƒ@*ìÂZŸ°#Ò)oVÆa'×h+(ÅÛZbÅÃÒ™ã
72 g‚ðZzg(âjw
ec@*¯VÆZEwÐ(F,¹~ZŸ†ƒX
(6,z¤/ZñVÃ`äÆaÜsZkaZOg¢zg~7èÃg{!*Ñ X]ãCŠ~ZÐZ_5¼?ç HFÆZbZYZzgñizV(q݃YñX@*ëtZbZY΢eƒnÔ½™ŠØYäeX)^©2.ç
EGJ®£gZ]Å!*"$Z*
ZöZ~Z~Ïe~Xgzx6,v©2.ç EGJ£gZ]ÆgZVÊ&ÀŸ/õ GG(X
~œ1])}šMZsYÔzZR,')4ø FFz){(ZzgÛo)} (âjwżZ“ X2
elÔ™(VÔ®({ÔZÓgc*Vz){(áïƒãeX
~k™Ã1äÎ**)?iÔÃh}ŠZy(ïÏM[)EÙzVÔ ÌðÅœ1] X3
**CV(ZzgfZCøÈ¡ZzgšMZs&<{âVÅÌðÆañizVlZg~0*ãŠø7[ƒX(âjw~%ŠzVZzgpZ&Æae{e{šMZsZzgoƒ6,Š}»ZOxƒ**ecXúgÂVÆaÌðÅq,Šø7[ƒãeX)™»ZOxz
^©2.çEGJ6,ZÆgZÆ MSEE CD-ROM Z¾Zx6,^©2.ç
EGJ£gZ]Æav
ŠB(
£ò&ÎZÑZò£gZ]Æ_.(âjwÆZ0+gc*4,ŠO£x6,Šø7[ƒ** 0*ã X4^©2.çEGJ6,ZÆ MSEE CD-ROM ecX)^©2.ç
EJGzZR,£gZ]ÆavgZÆŠB(
73 g‚ðZzg(âjw
g‚ðz(âjw:
eY]:;CzY7,@*àz„ 1e
uz}ƺm§i»g£òßgwZzgpÄ6,«ƒÇXŠg`fsZñg;CzY4~ZzgbàÆç5]ÃäÆaçzy¥â]ÆqïƒDX
ÀòqÑ]œ)àäzZázZu]ÅZ’ZYÆz‰Ü”VÆ£tÅÜszgi~ÅHßgw¶? /HŸŠÅßgw»ƒìc*z{”VZzgQyÆ{0+ZâVÆa°xDÆâjwà /',ŒÛZggǃñì?Mc*{0+ZyZNg{gì? /
HQ¹{§pZ{ï]$4lç GOì? /{0+ZâVÃ!*z‡g§jÐi0+Ϧ/ZgäZzgZL”VüZ“ZzgDÛZë™äÆ /‡.Þ¯äÆaHHYg;ì?'×h+HHYYì?
ñ‹~)]»Dg”VÅçz-$ÆaÀòu¤/xVH? /;CzYZ»Z[Š¶ZzgZkÐÖÆañ‹ÆÀò§i;ñ»gH /?Z¹¢oZzgLù¯c*YYì?
74 g‚ðZzg(âjw
M!*Š~»Àòg‚›ZzgYÄz‚”VÆDZzg¼Z“ÃùOW,™@*ì? /”VZzgQyÆ{0+ZâVÅi0+Ϭ™äÆqÑ]Ã4™äÆaÁZŠZâ]6, /cgMæHYYì?Hñ‹~Z,ZÛZŠñŠ”VÃ!*‡°{u¤/xV})gŠ½ÔöZzgô /ÛZë™Mh?
zZ−+zZ−+Êg7)]ZzgŠ!*ƒÅâÎHìTÐZyÅ#bz‹ŠOW,ƒg„ì /2z{ZL”VżZ“ù™D?SkÂ~¶ÑäÅ{§±è LEZŠZâ]6,cgMæHYYì?X /Mc*zZ−+ZLpDÂx»g~Š~ÀòZYi]Ðic*Š{”VÃâgD©tÃMD? /Mc*zZ−+ÆañZµñŠz{6,.y±è NE)]6,cZzg×e$qÝ™Ã@* /z{ZzgQyÆaZkÐûÃ?
aH”VÅ**oƒ6,zglZzg¼Z“ÅYg„ì? /”VżZ“~4~ÑäÆaõZŠZâ]ZVäeÂ? /Mc*Z,aÌË? /Mc*Z,aÌñŠYgq:Zzg%æFNŸŠ§jÐ',@*ƒ™gì? /
H”VÃpDîg6,oƒñZµÛZëÔKYDz{Z]ÔìÑ]ZzgÎZÑ] /z{gnpÔÆ0!*]’A™Ã?H”VÃÉ»ñµMì? /HË”VÔœV~îs²J-gzZá”VZzg{”VÅSà¢zgc*]» /ìwg3Y@*ì?
75 g‚ðZzg(âjw
}.â]H(zŠvu¤/ñVÃZkZ0+Zi~ÛZëHY@*ìaZ¦ZŠÆ!*‡°{ÛzrÅ /u¤/ñV~Ñ•™äƇ.ÞƒVZzg©wÆZkZˆkÊz!*g{‡ìgO?HC{¦/+!*½VZzg”VÃZ+Y}.â]J-g‚ðqÝìZyÆ)bi /™ä~把,?HZ,Âx”VÆ;CzY)bÆi~çzyU*"$ƒV? /HZ‚E+{ÃF,šMZzgçz-$ÛZëÅYCì?HZ’Zðøy¡ZzgŠv}.â]Æ /aoŠø7[ìZy”VÅ4çzy}.â]ÛZë™}?Hf6¡ÅZ+Sà}.â]ñŠ˜V”VÙßgw~5Yñ? /
Y1994 â~.:-&4iý EGÔC{¦/+”VÐâpf:DZzgZôoÔ-Z+ZÝÏWgÔ
76 g‚ðZzg(âjw
:jwƽZð6,z¤/ZxÅ7,@*àz„ 2eZ¤/”VÆ(ZŠZâ]ÆapgZuÃzaŒYg;ìÂøDfsÎZÑ]7Þ¹Zë
ì:
6,z¤/ZxÆ£œZ¤/pgZuÅ?m,Š~Yg„ìÂZÐùZEwHYñÇ?jw~3**ŠbÔpgZu /
yáY**Ô»xÆa3**ŠbÔF,šMÆa3**ŠbÔZ‚E+{Æa3**Šb?ñŠ{ßgw~jw»½Zð6,z¤/Zx)c*Šv(oƒYVì? /Sk6,z¤/ZxÆ£œH?HXi{3ä»ZEw½~³™Š{¢zgc*]Ã7gZ /
™ä~@U*"$ƒÇ?H3**”VÅ{à(,~®ZŠÃzZãîg6,jwMäÆagZá™}Ç?Sy~ÐÃyУœuòßgwÆaºm? /
HM\Æ0*kSy£œ)pgZuÔwÔŠZ¼Zzgq¢~ÆZ°ZŠzÑgz){(Ð /ÖÅ¢zg]»Zi7™äÆa¢zg~Z°ZŠzÑg?
Z@Z°M!*Š~6,z¤/ZxÐZ.Š{™äzZáÃyßv? /HM\Æ0*k¢zg~Z°ZŠzÑg@*Zk!*]»Ø`c*YnƒÐic*Š{OW,{ /c*ƒÐic*Š{ZæZŠ)pgZuÆDÅßgwÔ(Z°ZŠzÑgÔŠZ¼z){(Æ
77 g‚ðZzg(âjw
¢zg]qjwc*´ºÃyÐ?ÃyФ/z\pgZuyáYäÐÃZ+{ZVÃÐ)}±HVÔZöz){(? /
Z¦ZŠ»g~ZŸ†Ô0*GZg~ZzggZ‚»g~6,z¤/ZxÆM¸iÐIZ¦ZŠ~ZŸ†ÅÃu¤/xV¢zg~? /HjßVÆ0*koƒ‚iz‚âyìjw~3**Š¶Æ6,z¤/ZxÅ×e$ÅYn /)}0*ãJ-g‚ðÔ3äåäÅœ1]Ô',@z){(?
ñ‹ÔzZ−+ZzgpŠ”VÆŠgxy½ÆañŠ{ÔHì?pgZuZо§b /$+áÏ?
ñ‹ÔzZ−+ÔZ‚E+{ÔCYÔY½ÆZ−gpgZuÆ”gs™Zäþ§bЊ٠/?HpgZuÆZEwÐñ‹ÆZ0+gZzgZyÆâÎÚi¬]Àhec*(,"»Zkyì?pgZuÅF,−ÑzqƒäÐI¾n»ZÐZ_5¼?ç HFñŠƒ**ec?±ø LnÆ”wZzg /ÛZbÆÂx»Èzn™äÅ¢zg]ƒÏ?3äÅ»g~Zzg”VÃ3**Š¶ÐI¾n»ZÐZ_5¼?ç HFñŠƒ**ec? /ŠÃF,ÔÍŠZñVZzgR,Z¡g^ÆZezVƪxÆaÁZŠZâ]Æ™äÅ¢zg] /ƒÏ?8ñZ&]?Çhc*VZzggZ5?HZ‚E+{Zzg‚âyÅ»°®ZŠñŠìZzgHZŸ°CYÃräZzgèäÆa /oƒZÐZ7šñŠì?Zk!*]»HZkyì¬Ð1ÍÂĽpgZuÆ”gs™ZäÐ'×h+1̓Yñ?HpgZuÅÛZbÃ',ŒÛZgg3YñÇ?Z¤/Z(ìÂù?pgZuÅZæZŠÃ%³zZg /zZ:heÅÕiHì?t½6,ùZW,eZáÏ?
HZk´ºc*ŒÛR´V~½6,ŠvZKã£tÆZŠZg}»x™gì?Hz{ /
78 g‚ðZzg(âjw
ZL(6,z¤/ZñV~pgZuÃgzaZEw™ä»µ/gnp?Z¤/Z(쾧b?Hz{gZ‚™ä6,gŸq?HpgZuZZŠZgzVÅY+$ÐÚ
ZzgáZF,ZEwÅYñÏ?pgZuÅÚÛZbÐZq-jw&´‘ÐCYZzgZ‚E+{Šzu}jw&´‘þuJ-vƒVÐ?øg}c*øg}Ñ»Y»gÆaoÅZ]H?HoÅñŠ{®ZŠZKñŠ{ /f)ŠZg-VÐZZsK%pgZuÔZæZŠ(6,z¤/ZxÆZOxÃewáÏ?H'×h+ZŸ†Å¢zg]ì?
ZâYzZ»k»ZN[Zzg½Zð¢zgc*]»ZN[M\HpgZuÛZë™äzZá? /
H6,z¤/Zx~pgZuyáY**áïƒÇ?6,z¤/ZxÅôZãùÅYñÏ? /pgZuÅÃyÏZ»kŠø7[? /HjwÆ”V~Fg~Ô½ZáŶc*ic*ŠCƺm)b?Z¤/Z(ìÂH /Z»kÆZN[c*ÛZbÆfg)ºmgKñK½Zð¶ÃŠzgHYYì?pDîg6,jwÆ”VŽZðF,¶]ZzgfztH? /
½ZðDZzg¡zÌð»ìwHjßV~¡zÌðÅœ1]ZzgÅW»0*ãŠø7[ì? /t6,z¤/ZxpgZu»Z"3Œé EGxe%zZáZÛZŠÃ½Š¶Zzg!*Z(g¯äÅ{§F,šMÅ /ÛZbÃùF,KMŠ}Yì?0*ãÆMߊÏÆç{ÃùÁHYYì? /HjwÆ”V~(,~M-$ÆQzVÅÒ]»X0*c*Y@*ì?Z¤/Z(ìÂH /QzVû™äÆa!*‡°{´`ÅÛZbZzgjw~3**Š¶»¢zg~bz
79 g‚ðZzg(âjw
ƒÇ?HjwÆ”VÆaZkz‰ÜZÝMðz~&Zi+iÆZôï(6,z¤/ZxŠø7[? /ZÝMðz~&Zi+iÅZôï½Ã6,z¤/ZxÆem,ZíÐù%1oHYYì? /Z¤/Z‚E+{ZÝMðz~&Zi+i»DgƒDÂuòµ/È~HƒÏ? /
Zz‡]ZæZŠ~M6,c»áµŠzgZ6Hì? /M6,cÆCÙZq-%³ÆaHZ°ZŠzÑgŠø7[)Z’ZðY,{ÔãCŠ~ïÔôZãz /Y,{(?pgZu“Šø7[ƒÏ? /6,z¤/ZxÆM¸iÐIz;V6,Z¦ZŠ»g~ZŸ†Åu¤/xVHƒVÏZzgM¸iÅáµ /@*gõHì?gµ)ZzgˆZiZVbà(ZæZŠÃ%³zZgùHYñÇZzg¾§bZzg¹Voƒ /ƒÇ?F,ªC%³ÅûZgÃÃùqÝHYñÇ?
¾ŠyÇy)ez3,i(Zk㾊yÇyÃy?¾ŠyÇyÆz‚b“Šø7[ƒVÐ? /
H¾ŠyÇyÆaVà6,z¤/ZxÆ©Æ0Zq-YìZzg×6,z¤/ZxÅ?m,»g™àì? /‚w?)Z¤/pgZu¾ŠyÇyÐF 10-5 ‚wÔ 2-1 ¾ŠyÇyÐpgZu“J-zßwƒÏ?F¹Ô /
¸VÆaŠø7[ƒÂ4tƒÇZÐjwƽZð6,z¤/ZxÅOñZ‚E+{ÅF,(ÆaZEwHYñÑzqƒä~ÁZiÁz‰ÜáÇ?
¬@6,z¤/Zx',ZñpgZuÔuòßg]qw~jwÅpgZuÆaµ/È~Xßg]qw»‹tÔ6,z¤/Zx â~.:Å´gµuzwÔsB¨:Wc* http://www.wfp.org; YXzd$‚V$ 2004 ÅúÔÎfÔ
www.crs.org. pgZuÃgfg=ZEwHY@*ìÔÆaŠBÔzd$‚V$
80 g‚ðZzg(âjw
81 g‚ðZzg(âjw
D+göZzg½ X3¬gs
]âCÙ+½Æatê™**ƒ@*ìD+göÆaHqZëìXuòßgw~7™Š{(}.â]pZ{z{gŠƒVc*)gŠÔ7,JñYäzZá»[pZ{z{M!*ðoc*ö!*yoƃVZzgIÆaF,¶]pZ{z{’Ô&zZgZ:{c*(Y,}Z럙äÅ¢zg]ƒÏX»!ÃU*ãc*F,¹Å¢zg]ÃÌæÃg3YYìX
t¹¢zg~ì½IzZßVÅ¢zgc*]Æ_.ƒXZkÆañ‹Æ‚Bp[ï™»x™äZzgZyÅ(¢zgc*]ÆçÆaQyÐ@Zc*]zßw™äÅ¢zg]ƒCìXÀòîg6,ZkÐ%ZŠñŠ{(ÂxZ¤/eƒÂZkÆfg)„»x`c*Yñ:e{ÐÂx
úŠØYNXZk»ÈìÓx(Ã@Vøw(ñZŠÐ0hV~ñ‹ÅdwÑ•6,izgŠc*YñXZCñYäzZá»[ÃIzZßVÅñŠ{ZzgwÅáµ¢zgc*]Ð_.ƒ**ecZzgQy¥â]ÐëM}ƒ**ecjñ‹ÃdZyÅzzÐps”{qÑ]Æ!*)¢zg]ƒ}i0+ÏÅ'g'ÔZðŽÔà~½Ô»y0ÐMÇ„Ô¡Ô½ZáÔZÝMðz~&Zi+iÔZKã£tZzgâjw´z{Zi,z{ajw7YDÔZyÆzZ−+Ô),gÍVZzgøzx¤/z7VÃi0+ÏÅ'gÂVŽŠø7[ƒãecX
uò(6,z¤/ZxZq-nÆ;CzYZŠZxƒDYèZyÆfg)Zq-Y**T**(âjw‡ìHY@*ìÔZq-!*‡°{].zw½HY@*ìZzgwÅ!*"$ZyÅ™y›ðYCìX
81 D+göz½
½½™ä~zs¿CÙZq-¿SîZ‚E+{ZzgjwZOðä9V6,;CzY
ZW,Z]~¶™äÆaZL™ŠZg~raZ™ãecX(}.â]~t!*]tÅYCìßvZ§hVZzgZgëgÐHZzgZ¹(¿~dw§jÐÑ•™äÅ¢zg]ƒCìXßÍVÃ!íW,îg6,½qÝ™äÆaÑÇD+göZzg(&»45»4è
GEGGøw¤DÃ%œ/~wŠ¶zZá§hVÆÂx¢zg~ƒDX”VÆjZáÐZCñ‰§hV~ÛŠÅ¢zgc*]Ô’ÔZÐZŠ~F,¹ÔYZgnoZzg(Y,}Æa¢zg~D+g+'g'Šg»gƒCX!*½VÆaD»”w@*§]ZzgŠ!*Cƒ**ecXZ#ZyÆDÆ”w~ZŸ†ƒYñÇÂz{ZkÑÅŠgZzgmÊNÃÐZ,Vä5ìZzgZ¹
ZLqÝ™Š{D~dwÑ»Yƒä»ñµŠc*ŠHX
Z#7,JäzZá)F,šMc*CƒVÂtZ•ð¢zg~ìz{:ÜsãCŠ~p}~ÉuòqÑ]ÐSàmgppzZáñç¬]~ÌñizVF,šMqÝ™,XZ@Z°M!*Š~Å
;CzY¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™äÆa'×h+F,šMÌŠg»gƒÏX
ñ‹Y'eSìÓ‘ZyÆ”VŽÃt™,ÏZzgtZyÆaZK½ÃZd½ZzggziÇgÅg‚ðÆ”wÆaZEw™ÃÐXZÝ¡÷tƒCìMc*Ó‘Ô(ZŠZg}ZzgMèÃg{»[ZzgZ‹ŠÃt™DX¤DÅZJã»g™ŠÏÇâã¯äÆ‚B‚B
¤/cu"3©5½3ï HGEGGHCÅ»xçVÃt™DZzgZ¹jwYäÅ’q-ŠïX'+zZàßgwZzg{m™¤&™äÆ¿~ñrZŠZg}ZzgQkoŠzâVÆ‚BëwèZ™Z]KYDXVwÆîg6,îsZ~Š~'+zZáqÑ]~»[÷÷UŠZgóóƒ**ecZzgtM!*ðoZzgö!*yoŠzâV~‡.ÞJwƒXZkÆa{™´‡ðZzgÎZÑàZgnoŠg»gƒ@*ì@*Z˜´~(u¤/ñVZzg'+Å®ZŠ~ëM°ÑðYñX
82 D+göz½
ÓxŠgVÆaœu£gZ]ÆgzZ*
z{¿TÆfg)Ãð(gŠ¿»gHYñZzgZk6,¿ŠgMæHYñÔZKZW,5+k,~ÆaZ•ðZëƒ@*ìXtvÓxŠgVÆaœu£gZ]Æ‚B5™ZEwHYññ‹
ÅÑ•Ô£òz‚bÔZ’ZðY,}ÔgŠ¿ÔôZãZzgøá»Zq©™@*ìX!*<mÔ‚¢ÐOW,{ZÛZŠøwçZ]ÆDg¤/z7VÅÑ•Ãic*Š{Ðic*Š{HYñ@*Zkñiz+MZzg£gÃD¯c*YñX
tâÎÆZ±gÐlZg~ƒDZzg(gŠ¿ÅÛZb~qÝK Àò£gZ]:YäzZáÀòŠgVÅzŸs#™DX
tz{÷÷´â]óóƒCtCCMc*£gq݃ŠHìXt6,z¤/ZñV ã~ZágZ]:ÆZW,Z]c*}ò2ZEwK‰¿§hVÃâ+ZzgZyÅF,−™ä»fg=½™D
XtZágZ]£g~c*lZg~ƒMhX
Zy~z{ºmï]áïqZqÑ]~£gZ]ZzgZágZ]Æ gÉâF:Z:tÔi)]ÐÖÆ!*g}~gÉðZzgF,Áç5]~tg}Æz‰Üik,gÑc*Y**ecXZy~£gZ]c*ZágZ]Ð0Zëç5]ÌáïƒMhZzgqD
~jZ!Y] 2 ¥â]~Z%Ã]Ô6,.yÁßg]qwc*ñÒyKYMhXvÅZq-Éz„áïìT~Zk{Ð0Àò)bZzgºm/ç5]ŠzâVÆ!*g}~¥â]Æâ~.ŶK0+„ÅìX
83 D+göz½
D+göZzg½
84 D+göz½
:»[ 1 £g´»[ÃpDÔYZzg—ãÒpÐSàuòqÑ]ÆañizVgŠZzg)gŠ½ÛZë™äÆaZEwHY@*ìX
:F,šM 2 £gZ‚E+{ZzgŠvo
½¢zgc*]ZzgqÑ]Æ
_.²YCÔ!*ÑZzg´F,šMqÝ™@*ìX
:½ 3 £g¤DÔ½»%œ/~™ŠZgÔÑq-»gZzgZk~áïƒ@*ìX
Y,{ :4(»xçV»Y,{heZzgZ¹!íW,¯ä
Æaoƒ§jZEwKYDX
jZ!Y]Zzgâ~.Çà 2:vD+göz½v
:»[ 1 D+göZzg½£g
)gÉâFÆ‚B5™7,³( ãCŠ~ZágZ]ñŠ{»[»/c*›zúÆ%ZiÔi!*yÔpÄÅñiz+MZzguòqÑ]ÐOW, /Z¦ZŠ»gZzg¢zgc*]ÆjZáÐY,{1Y@*ìÔ»[ÃøD¢zg]ZEwH
(3-1 Y@*ìÔZ~.HY@*ìc*ZŸ†HY@*ìX)ŠBâF
Z#»!F,¹c*Z~.Å¢zg]ƒCìÂSk¿~³Å!*pÑ•»ZÈxHY@* /(3-1 ìZzg!›Ð)4èGEÅZdŠwVZzg¢zgc*]6,gHY@*ì)ŠBgÉâF
»[i0+ÏÅ'gÂVÔpZ0+ÏÔÑgc*]Zzguòßg]qwÆñŠ{%ZiÐ0 /ãCŠ~½ÅZÝ&6V»æZzZ™@*ìX»[Z‚E+{ZzgCYÅ;CzY4~Å¢zgc*]»ìwg‚rì@*z{uò /ßg]qwЬZzgˆ~i0+Ϧ/gZäÆ4îg6,‡.ÞƒÃX)ŠB
(6 gÉâ^(ñZŠÔ‚iz‚âyZzg½Z‚E+{ZzgCYÅi!*âV~Š~YCìXSî½Æ /
(7 Z’Zð‚ßV~)ŠBgÉâ^X»[Zzg§T½CYÅñŠ{¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™DZzgwÆ(ñZµÃ /
(8 ÛzrŠï)ŠBgÉâ^
85 D+göz½
»[Zzg(ñZŠÆZˆkÆ_.ƒ@*ìXàqÃtHY@*ìZzgCYÆ /(9 ZŠZxÃÛzrŠc*Y@*ìX)ŠBgÉâ^
Z#¢zg]ƒÂzZÛD+g+(‚iz‚ây(u¤/ñVÃg7g^™äÆa /',z‰ÜŠc*Y@*ìX0*GZg~ÆjZáУòîg6,Šø7[‚iz‚âyÃF,ߊ~YCì)ŠBgÉ
(10 â^
gÉâF
Ƶ/¿ÅwzZãÅYñCÆDZzgãCŠ~¥â]~ZŸ† »[ X1
™}XÀò£gZ]Æ£œÆa»[ÃçzyZ˜bÆîg6,ZEwHY@*ìZzgZk»gŠZzg)gŠŠzâVZlxÆ(6,z¤/ZñV6,Z:tƒ@*ìXZk~(£œÔ(ñZŠÔD+g+§i;ñ»gZzg2Ô(‚iz‚âyZzgY,}ƧjáïƒDXgŠZzg)gŠŠzâV(6,z¤/ZñVÅgÉð»[™@*ìTÅ&45é ENEGŠCYÆDZzgŠ"6,g¿YCìZzgtèÃg{âjwÐ0ƒ@*ìXÀò£gZ]Æaqgzfs=%]ZEwÅYC:(£œÔDÔ'gÂVZŠZgZzggz-VŶK0+„™D(u¤/ñVÆfg) DqÝKYNÐ;
(ñZŠÔz{‚iz‚ây)DÔ'g'ÔZŠZgZzggzb(ƒ@*ì&7,Jc*5Yñ; DD+g+§T;ñ»gÐ'ç NZŠÉ”{Z0+Zi„ì(ñZŠ7™äÆaZEw Dƒ@*ì;
c*Z0+Zi„Qk§i»gÆbz»**xìù¦§T;ñ»gÆÂxà D+g+2 D`äÆaúŠc*Y@*ì;
86 D+göz½
(‚iz‚âyÐ'ç NZŠÂÁÔ77ZzgŠvD+g+z(‚âyì; D
´gŠZzg)gŠ(»[ãg~(ñZŠ»qïƒ**ec»ZˆkgÇZzg(£gÆ_.ƒ2Qyi!*âV~ƒ&CZzgZ‚E+{ŠzâV™ÃXÑÇ
§T»gÆÂñVû[»Zq-Ñiò8~î Oƒ**ec@*CYÃZK½~Zq-u¤/x™ŠZgZŠZ™äÅj,Z‚ÛZðÅYnX¹÷÷£g~½óóZzg÷÷½óóÅ=%]
(123 Z˜q]™ 1 ÆaŠBvX»[»ZkZ%ÃD¯äÆaY,{¢8ec /ÆañizVZzg›zúÆ%Zi: :2
t:Üs/ÆÒpÐñizVìÉZkÆ›zúÆ%µÌCYÅF,¹Æ_.ƒVX/Zzg›zúÆ%µuòßg‹qw~gŠZzg)gŠ(6,z¤/Zx~»°uJ-ZƒMhXÆa»[Zzg§i;ñ»gÃZCäÅ¢zg]ƒCìXZ˜b÷÷ñizV/óóÐ'ç NZŠ/ÆZëF,+‚ßV»²ƒ@*ì²›zúÆÒpÐñizV»ÈCYÅÇ¢zgc*]ZzgKãz[F,¹ìX
»¿Zq-îsZzgÂ%³ìXpuòqÑ]~»[Ãö!*yoc* »!F,¹ X3
ZÝoc*Švuòßg]Æ_.ZCc*Y@*ìXt!*]¹ZëìgŠc*)gŠ½ÆM¸iÆz‰Ü»[ÆaÓxCYÅSà¢zgc*]»ìwg3YñX
(±HVÔ¯k~(,~/ÆCYÔjw CAFF ~Jg[ÂVÐzZha)ghäzZáZzg!*ÚCYáïXZkZ%ÃD¯**Ì(,Z¢zg~ì³»[Åú~',Z',Ñq-ƒDZzg(6,z¤/ZñV»£g~Y,{1Y@*ìXZ¬øwCYÔñ‹ÆZgZWÔZ‚E+{Ôœª»gÔ(©xZzg6,z¤/Zx$4-?çGEEzVÐxzg]™ãecX
87 D+göz½
Z#uòqÑ]ÆŠzgZyc*ZiZVgŠ(6,z¤/ZxÑzqKYNZzg¢zg~ìwHYñÂàg”{6,ZÎ~ZzgU*â~jwÆ»[ÃZCäZzgSÐñW,¯äÃF,ߊ~YñXC{¦/eVÆgŠ(6,z¤/ZñVÆaQyÆZÝzíÆ»[ÃZCäÃZÌŠ~Yñ@*gŸ»gZ:zízZ3Ãe¯c*YñXZ¤/pt¿åe
7ƒ@*XC{¦/+Zzgö!*yoÆúÒzVÃZyêY]6,åîg6,gHY**ecX
4tƒÇîsZ=CC{¦/+ƒäÅßg]qw~»[Ã÷÷ŠzâV§hV»‚oóó™äÅ¢zg]ƒCìZzgtZÝoZzgö!*yoŠzâVÆa‡.ÞJwƒVXZkÆa£/´‡ðZzgZÚZàgZ‚»g~Å¢zg]ƒCì@*Z˜´~Yg~(u¤/ñVÃC{¦/eVÆZŸ°1úÐ%1oHYñX
ÃCYÅÚøÔ¢zgc*]Ô/ZzgZ¦ZŠÆ_.ú oƒ(§T»gÆÂñV X4
ŠbecQyÆañizVƒVXuòßg‹qwÆZ’Zð%ZiÆŠzgZy6§hVÆÂx»ÎfƒYìŠ/»gZ‚E+{Æ‚B‚BCYÔzZ−+Zzgñ‹ÆZgZWÆaŠ!*ƒ»!*)¶Zkp~ÃuÐic*Š{Zzg!F,ìw™,XuòqÑ]ZzgZ’Zðyâ~½ÃZ‚E+{ÃgzZî(Âx~p~»Zq-ñµÛZë™**ecptp~Ñ•Zzg½ÆŠz*:§hVÃ(,~ZôoZzgZˆkÆ‚B
”gs™Z™ÑãecX)gŠZŠZâ]Æ‚BCÆ%œ/~™ŠZgÐ0Z0+Zi;ñ„ÃgŸ»gzVÔ¬CVZzgœª»gzVÅF,šMÆfg)°Z|g”gs™Z**ecX
Å(ñZŠc*F,šMZ‚E+{Æ‚iz‚âyÅ»g~c*zßàÐI¶K0+„ ãCŠ~Z¦ZŠ X5
88 D+göz½
™ãecX¿pZ0+ÏZzgZ°ZŠÑg~Æ´z{ãCŠ~½ÅãCŠ~Z¦ZŠ»È¢zg~DÔ'g'ÔgÍbZzgwìXÅuòßg]~OW,{M!*Š~ÆCâzg]ƒCì@*z{ZKñ‹ZzgoÆZgZWÅwÐZy~½7gZzg!*pÑ•™ÃX
6,gHY**ecZzguò ;CzY¢zgc*]ÅF,¹ CYÆ‚B‚B(pÅ X6
ßg]qwøwdZyZzgbà~Sy»Z0+Zi{HY**ecXgŠZzg)gŠ(oÅ)bÆDgCYÅ´â]ÃYi~F,šMŠ´ecZzgSyÆiÆa{§pZ{ZŠZâ]ZVäe@*CY(âjw~ZL',@*ƒ»4ZÖg™ÃXjZ!YCÂx;ñ»gÃ(pÆazZãîg6,QyCYÃZŸ°çz-$ÛZë™äŶK0+„™ãec™)b»DgƒVX”VZzg(,}ZÛZŠœóЊzegƒVÔÆaD+g+§hV~‡.Þ7ÍðeJçÔÂz%Ãi™äÆa¿(ci+ÔµZíï§T»gÔ(u¤/ñV~ÓxCYÅÑ•Zzgçz**CöáïƒäecXo½Å;CzY¢zgc*]6,̨gHY**ecYèèÃg{oÌOW,{M!*Š~Ðmg‚rìZzgZÒCYŧbz{ÌQy„‰Š!*ƒZzgœó»‚o™@*
ìXF,šMÔôZãZzgâˆçz-$~SyÁÜÃzZãîg6,ik,¨gÑc*Y**ecX',Zñ;CzY7,@*wz„;'×h+ŠB 74™1 )ŠBg‚ðZzg(âjwe
(106™3 ZzgZ‚E+{ZzgŠvo½£g 68™2 g‚ðZzg(âjw£g
:C{¦/+ÃSk!*]6,6g™****oƒìQyÆ(6,z¤/Zx~ö!*y i!*y X7
oÆ£gZ]øwQyÅZKi!*âV»ZEwZzg»[áïƒX@*ëQyCYÆw6,¢zggHY**ecSîZ,CYuòßg‹qwƈZK7,Jð
Yg~gppÅpZégnpXZKãŠz„¬ö!*yÓáVÅSke~¹
89 D+göz½
ic*Š{j,Z‚ÛZð™Dz{Z,C{¦/+CYÃQyÆZLyc*ZKòi!*âV~7,"ÅZYi]Š,XZ(™äÅßg]~ÓxZëF,+(ñZŠÔZ‚E+{ÅgÉ
ÃÔCYÅŠgÏÃÔŠv’k,~Zzgzy~ñZŠCYZzgZ‚E+{ÅZKi!*y~7ìÔ»D+göz½ÆaF,À™äÅ¢zg]ƒÏXZ¤/Z(™äÅZYi]7Š~YCÂCYÅZKi!*yÅ:ZzgZŸ°¯ÎVZzgu¤/ñV»ZÈxHY**ecX
:(ñZŠ»ç™Dz‰ÜQkDÔ'gÂVZzgi!*âV6,g (ñZŠZzgãCŠ~¦gZ] X8
HY**ecCYÆauòßg‹ÆCÙ%µ6,ƃVZzgQy'gÂV6,Š·yŠbecQyuòßg]qwÆŠzgZyZzgˆZiZVpŠUgZzgð NŠqi0+Ϧ/Zgä
ÆaQyÅZ¦ZŠ~ZŸ†™}ZzgZ¹(ñZµJ-g‚ðgppƇ.Þ¯ñXoƒ(ñZŠZzg&45é ENEGŠ~¦gZ]~qgzfsÃáïƒ**ecX
'gÂV6,FF¡Å½)/Zzguòßg‹qwÆañizV(Z’Zð? DZæZŠÔÂ6~¡ÔÒîg6,vƒäzZá¼~Z%ZnÔZÝMðz~&Zi+i;ZKã£tZzgZKyŠz„gzZc*]Ô!íW,àe$ÔZðŽZzgZk»ªxÔ D°xŸŠÔ£ŠxÐXƒ&ZOx&iÔ”V»DÔsäZzg™«;pDu¤/xV‰ñuÔeZ÷ÔegZ)Ô7gFZzgö; D6âjw~’Æa¢zg~¥â]:!*¥zŠ~aç N4Ô:ÔzZáZÌ DÐMÇ„Ôg~Z=YZzg}.â]J-g‚ð;”VÅ›zúZzgº); DgziÇgÅ'g'Zzg/F,šM; D
90 D+göz½
Åuòßg‹qwÃÓx%Zi6,(u¤/ñVÅúZzgÎf~ik,gÑc*Y** àq X9
ecSîZCYÅËqÔZ:©ÐmgppzZáZ‚E+{Zzgœª»gzVÅËqZzgñz',ŠZ“Zzg³]zZZxX£/àqÅj,Z‚ÛZðÆaŠg»gUƒV6,gHY**ecT~ÔpÄÔàe$Ô±Ôè<ØÔ(Z¦ZŠÔ
Sà(¢zgc*]ÆqïCYÔMZ−gYCZzgMZ½áïìX»uòßg]ÆM¸i6,Y,{1Y**ecXC{ £òîg6,Šø7[ñZŠ CYÆa X10
¦/eVÆaQyÆZLoc*´‘»‚âyZk~áïƒÇXñZŠÃZ~.Ô»gZzgqÝ™**ec2SÐoƒZzg»°lZg~Šø7[̃**ecXÓx¢asÆ:gÔ„ZzgZEwÆaôZãÅ¢zg]ƒCìXCYÃ(ñZŠÐg*gppƇ.Þ¯**ecZzg¢asÃCYÅpÄ»?kZzg‡&ÿELJwƒ**ecX
F,šM :2 D+göZzg½£g
)SÐgÉâFÆ‚B5™7,³( ãCŠ~ZágZ]F,šMF,Á¢zgc*]ԽƣœÔu¤/ñVZzg(ñZŠÅ¶K0+„™CìX)ŠB /
(2-1 gÉâF
˜VoƒƒÔF,šMÃ(©xÐJwzàg™zZ**ecX)ŠBgÉâF /(4-3
èÃg{‡/ÆqïF,šMŠyÇyF,mÃgk™ZDÔZy~çz-$z /gÉðÔoƒZzgâˆxzg]ÔôZãzY,{ZzggebF,šMÅÛZb»ZOxƒ@*
91 D+göz½
(4 ìX)ŠBgÉâ^F,šMøwâˆôZã(âjw~Q*ŠÅœª»g“W6,j,Z‚ÛZð™Cì& /D+g+§hVÃÛzrŠîìÔZzgD+g+çz-$ÆZEwŶK0+„™CìXF,mñZŠ»!*‡°{Y,{1Y@*ìZzgZk!*]»çHY@*ìtZ‚D+{ÔCYZzgñ‹ /Å¢zg]Ã7gZ™@*ìc*7ZzgZ#¢zg~ƒ@*ìÔZk6,ÃU*ãÅYCìXZ#ñ‹ÆZg»yâzg]ƒÂF,šMZ‚E+{êŠ]e%Ƈ.Þ¯äÆa /oƒ'g'ÛZë™CìX
gÉâF
Ð'ç NZŠgŠ(6,z¤/ZñV~»x™äzZáZzg)gŠ(6,z¤/ZñVÆ Z‚E+{ X1102-108™3-1 œª»gZzg¬X)ŠBZ‚E+{ZzgŠvo½£g
',Zñ½CzZN[ÔÑZ_»gÔçz-$ZzgôZãÐ0¥â](Ãßg]qwÆÚøZzg(pÅSà¢zgc*]Å&45é ENEGŠ F,m»[ZzgñZŠÅ»g~ X2
6,PZzgz‰ÜÆ_.Z2Zg™**ecXF,m6,z¤/ZñVÃuòqÑ]ÆŠzgZy‡.ÞŠg½Æ0VÆi7™äecZzgZ#¢zg]ƒÔZ¹i0+ÏÅ'gÂVZzgZðŽÐ%1o™**ecXF,m»[~qgzfsáïƒäecptZyJ-„özŠ:ƒV:XãCŠ~
*y»DÔ®D+göZzgD+g+§i;ñ»gÆÂxÔ”VÅ›zúÔ½!*¸VÔàqÆa³]zZZxÔSà¢zgc*]ÆjZáÐCÅD+göÔ;CzY¢zg]ZzgF,¹Ô£ŠxÐXƒ&iZzgZðŽÔZKã£tZzg”VÆ£tÔŸ‚ZÜtÔZ‚E+{Æai0+ÏÅ'g')øwZÝMðz~&Zi+i(Ôjwzñ‹Æ©]Ôñ‹
Æz‚b»4ZEwÔvc*zZ:MäzZáZÛZŠ}Z0+gzyo"yƒäzZà
92 D+göz½
M!*Š~c*C{¦/eVŶK0+„ZzgZ¹7gZ™**X:Z#Zq-!*guòßg]qwLƒYñ¸òz£ò F,mçz-$ZzggZ‚»g~ X3
(©xZzgñ‹Å(ˆVÃZ#ÌeƒÔgŠZzg)gŠZ‚E+{ÅF,mu¤/ñVÅúZzgÎf~Ñq-ƒ**ecXuòßg]ÆgŠ¿ÆÑzqƒD„5i#Ö&Z‚E+{ÅF,šMZzgqÝ”{F,šMÅàg~Æa‡ìÂx;ñ»gÆjZáл[6,kã»M¸i™ŠbecX@*ëZÒC{¦/+ßg‹qw~C{¦/eVÅñ‹ÔZkÆ(6,z¤/ZñVZzg£òÂx½ÆâÎÃðg‚7ƒ@*X
˜VeƒÔ£òF,šMŠyÇyÃZ‚D+{ÅoƒF,šMÅ»g~ZzgÎfÆa¶K0+„™ãecZzgQyÅœªZzg¢zg~F,m'gÂVÆaZ¦ZŠ»gÃÛzrŠbecX˜VF,šMŠyÇyÆZgZWÅözŠ®ZŠƒc*QyÅ{§pZ{F,šM:ƒðƒÂ
(Zzg£òÔò NGOs ÛzãZªV)ªZZx{ÔÎZÑZò)u»g~¡VZzg´‡ðZŠZgzVÃ5i#ÖÆŠzgZyc*5i#ÖÐIZ‚E+{ÃF,šMÛZë™äzZàñŠ{c*¬gèZzgZŠZgzVâo¯äÆaœÃl™ãecX
:uòßg]qw~£gZzgàg~ÃD¯äÆaòZzg£ò àg~z¤& X4
(©xÅàg~Zzg¤&Ñiò8~î OƒCìZzgZÐZiuòqÑ]ÌæÃgecXC{¦/+Z‚E+{Åßg]~ö!*yÔZIo&´‘c*ÁZiÁZy~ÐZq-Æ(©xÃZkF,šMÃàg™**ecXZkÑÆa¢zg~ìF,šMZ‚E+{ÆÃgw4îg6,úZzg»gK‰ƒVZzg(©xÅHg{(‡/Å¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™DƒV´z{Zi,Sy~uòßg]Ð0ZŸ°ZbZÌáïƒVX
93 D+göz½
:½ 3 D+göZzg½£g¤DÔ½»%œ/~™ŠZgÔÑq-»gZzgZk~áïƒ@*ìX
)Z¹gÉâFÆ‚B5™7,JYñ( ãCŠ~ZágZ]¥ÃZ,ñZµÛZëKYNz{ZipŠ½Æ¿~!íW,îg6,Ñq-ƒÃ)Š&ÀŸ/õ GG /
(X 1 gÉâ^¥ÃpŠZõ!Æ¿~œªŠ¶ZzgZõ[Æaâjw4¯äÅ{§ÑZ• /ÆZ§jZEw~ÑñYDXZ‚E+{ZLCYÆ‚B·¶ZzgwÆfg)$ÆñZŠÃKZzgF,mÃgÎVÆ /ŠzgZyqÝ™Š{D+g+'gÂVлxfeXZy@Zc*]Æfg)CYÅSàZzgŠzu~ÓxÀò¢zgc*]7g~™äZzg½ÅgZ{ /
(2 ~qbg»z›Šzg™äÅÃÒÅYCìX)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgÉâ^zZ−+Zzg´ºÆu™Š{ßv½Æ¿ZzgD+göÆaZEwKYä /
(3 zZá§hVÃBZzgt™DX)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgÉâ^
gÉâF
:D+göåZ*ŠZzg¤DÅ!*bÑZ•ZzggZÆ6,FFƒãecZz !íW,Ñ• X1
94 D+göz½
gZk~D+göz½Æ].h+§hVÃZEw~Ñc*Y**ecXZy~Šv§hVÆ´z{¤/z\zguÔ6,ZzguÔë/”VŽԥÃÃðºm™ŠZgZŠZ™äÆaIÔD+gö»Ò6Z0+ZiÔöÔzi+-ZzgŠzu}ŠN§j‰¹*V‹**z){áïX!íW,½ÆZy§hVÐåZ*ŠZzg¤DÆŠgxy!*b¬zy6,FFmÛzr0*@*ìXZk§jÐCÅ!íW,;C›zúÌDƒCìX
Z‚E+{ÃZk!*]ÅF,šMŠ~Yãecz{uòqÑ]Æ Zõ[~g»z›: X2
ŠzgZygŠZzg)gŠ½ÅZÌÆ!*g}~zZ−+ÐW™,ZzgZyÐ("3ð GEOqÔ(u¤/ñV~QyÅËqZzgŠvZñgÆ!*g}~nŠ!ìw™,XZ‚E+{ÔzZ−+Zzgñ‹ÆßÍVÆŠgxygZÆ»t¿(u¤/ñVÆÛzr~Qy
ÅËqÅZÌÃKZzgoƒz‚bÆ”w~çzyU*"$ƒÇX
D+göƧhVÆZEwZzgOƒÆaZ‚E+{ D+g+§hV»ZEwZzgOƒ: X3
Åoƒ½ÔŠ/ZzgF,šMÑiòìXZ‚E+{ÃD+göÆZkps”{§jZzgZ*ŠÅMÇ„Zzggzb~áµp=VÆ!*g}~Y+Å¢zg]ìXD+gö
¿~zZ−+Ô¼Š´VÆßÍVZzgZ4]ÆgzZîZzgèIúÒzVÅËqÆfg):Üs(u¤/ñVÃ4¯ä~æŠAÏÉZk§bD+gö»t§i´ºÅ¢zgc*]ÐÌëM}¯c*YnÇX
:Y,{ 4 D+göZzg½»£gX (»xçV»Y,{heZzgZ¹!íW,¯äÆaoƒ§jZEwKYD
95 D+göz½
)Z¹gÉâFÆ‚B5™7,JYñX( ãCŠ~ZágZ]½Æ¿»oƒZ0+Zi~Zzgoƒz²VÆ‚BÚY,{heZzg‹t™ä /ÆZ§jñŠZzgQqÝ™Š{¥â]ÅãCŠ6,£g½Ã4¯äÆ
(1 §jÌñŠX)Š&ÀŸ/õ GG@Ze$Zk¿~½ÅRÃY™Y@*ìc*Q¢zg]Æ_.»[ÅŠÅŠ*zm,Z] /ÛZëÅYCXY,}ZzgøáƧhVÃËsÔ‡.ÞZOŠZzg¤DÆa"¢gìwHY@* /
(3 ìX)Š&ÀŸ/õ GG@Ze$
gÉâF
ÃZEw™äÆaŠg`fsQñg¢zg~ !íW,Y,{Zzgœ§T»gZzgZŠZâ] X1X_“')ª±ZzgZJ**](ñZŠÆ_.ZzgñizVƒV(X DZ4w')ªœY,}ƧhVÃCÙ(ZzgÓxZ‚E+{Zq-§bÐ DZCN(XñZµ')ª‹bÆ¿~CY)q¢ƒVÔZ¹‹b»Zq-ZzgñµÛZë DHYñ(Xz‰Ü')ªY,}Zzg‹b»¿D+göÆŠzgZỹ**ecZzgZkÆZ!x6, D
Ì(Xö')ªuòqÑ]~Ì¿Yg~g{n(X Doƒc')ªZ,qÑ]X~D+göÆ´Z−gZLÛZø4îg6, D
96 D+göz½
ZxŠ}MhƒV(XZkÐ%ZŠtì‹bÐq݃ãzZà¥â]ÐCYZzgZy ³ZzgËs X
ÆzZ−+ÃÌi™**ecX
gŠ½Æ6,z¤/ZñVÅßg]~Y,{c*}òZk§b%A$K ‹bÆ}ò: X2
Yäe454è XGG¥Å»xçVZzgZJã}òÃö!*yoc*QyÆZLoÆ(©xt™ÃX'+c*C{¦/eVÅßg]~tÃÒÅYãec}ò´oc*´‘Æ©xt™DƒVXÃgkÅŠÅZ‹ŠÂŠ~Y$ËptÜseøñVZzg¤/cu
"3©5½54øHGEGGHJ-özŠ:ƒVX
&¢AYiZzg‹bÆ¿ÃZq-Ÿ‚ZÜtÆ»gZzg Y,}»Ÿ‚ZÜt: X3
**ÇHY**ecX‹tËsZzg‡.ÞZOŠƒ**ecZzgt»xZk§bZx7Šc*Y**ecËnÆpsZzgœó~ZŸ±»:L¶XZk!*]»ìwg3YñZizVÆ”wc*jwÆ6,z¤/ZñV~Zd»g™ŠÏŠ3äÆŠzgZyCYËps~2:ƒVX
97 D+göz½
Z‚E+{ZzgŠv(o X4
¬gsZKyŠz„çz-$ÆÓxUƒV»Z®gÔZc*‰Zz‡])ôpqÑ]~»x™äzZá6sZzggŸ»gzVÅ'g]ÔDZzgŠ}6,ƒ@*ìZyÐT»xÅ̵g¿Yg„
ìpZ{z{£gÆÒpÐÁF,ŠgZ»„YV:ƒÔZyÆa¢zg~ìz{oƒF,šMc*CƒVÔZyÆç5]»ZOxZzgôZãÅYñZzgZ¹¢zg~‚âyÔZæZŠZzggZÉðÛZëÅYñX
uòßgw~Z‚E+{Zzg(pŽCZzgOƒÑ•6,FFËsZzgºm§i»gƃXZ¤/eƒnÂ(p»ZN[OW,{M!*Š~ÆZ0+gЄHYñXZk§b(6,z¤/ZñVÃOW,{M!*Š~ÅpDgzZc*]ÔgÎxzgzZ`ZzgŠ!*]ÐëM}™ä~æŠAÏZzgZk§bZkM!*Š~Ƶgz-VÔZ+Zzg¢zgc*]»DÌeƒnÇX
½C»¿åƒäƈZ‚E+{Zzg(Z−gzVÃZL»xÆZ°zçZ*ð™äÆa´M!*Š~Ðï™»x™**ƒÇXZ‚E+{ZzgŠzu}(pýC™Dz‰ÜZyÐ!*‡°{ç@{HYñT~ZyÅ9Z{%Z¬]ÔZc*x»gÔZz‡]»gZzgqÑ]»gÅzŸs#™Š~YñZzgZyÅf)ŠZg-VZzgÛZø»ç™Šc*YñXZ‚E+{ZzgŠzu}pÆaŸ‚ZÜt~Zk!*]ÅzŸs#ƒãecQy»gzt÷ƒZzgÃðZk6,¿:™}QÐH}ò×7,,ÐX
½ÆaOW,{M!*Š~Åçz-$qÝ™äÆË~**ÜsZ‚E+{ZzgpŽC~æŠAÏÉzZ−+ZL”VÃjw−6,Ì»gƒVÐX
uòßgwzZá´º~6ÆŠzu}ZÛZŠÅ§b(pÃÌZKZ¦ZŠZzgŠ"ûx
98 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
~Ñ**ƒÇZzgZyßÍVÊz!*g{QyÆ0*ƒV6,9Z™nÃ@V~;BJ**ƒÇXgŠZzg)gŠŠzâV(6,z¤/ZñVÆ6sÃM!*Š~ÃuòßgwÐÖÆaæŠÛZë™**ƒÏ@*z{ßvn„c*‚¢ÆË~îzZápsZzgœóŪÐ!*CÙòÃXZkZ%ÆaZ(ÑÇ¿F,šMŠbƒÇZ¹Zq-Šzu}Å抙ä~çz-$Š}nÔZ¹¥Åqª
4¯äÆa¢zg~'g'Zzg‚âyÌÛZë™**ƒÇX
uò6,z¤/ZñV~(»x!ÆaZ‚E+{ZzgpÅoƒF,šMZq-ÑiòZ%ìXF,šMÆ£gZ]Å,D+göZzg½Æ!*[~ñŠìX
Z‚E+{Zzg(pÅôZãÅßg]~ÌæŠÅÛZb¢zg~ìXZq-{m´ºÅR6,zZ−+ÔǃVÆqZ++Ô(w)Z¤/Ãðƒ(Zzg£òÓáVÆ»xÃZk!*]ÅF,šMŠ¶Å¢zg]ƒÏz{ZL´º~¾§b(6,z¤/ZñV~çz-$ÛZë™MhZzgQyÅôZã™MhXZ#OW,{M!*Šc*VZL(6,z¤/ZñV»Äz°e%Ƈ.ÞƒYNÂz{ZC8þLpŠZ®g~ZEw™$ËZzgZL)b»pŠi7™$ËX(pÅôZãZzg
çz-$~M!*Š~ÅÑ•Ð(âjwÆaZ*ŠZzgM!*Š~ÆŠgxyZq-ÆmÛzr0*ñÇX
jwZOðZzgŠzu}pÅ»g¤/ŠÏ»öÐY,{1Y**ec@*OW,{M!*Š~ÅÚ
çz-$Zzg(£gÃD¯c*YnXt!*]ÌZÌÅqïìôZãZzg‹b»»xÜsNzw„7ÉgZÉðÅ~Zx0*ñXôZãZzgÑ•Æfg)‹Ø»¿Z‚E+{Å»g™ŠÏZzgwÃ4¯äÆa**¦/k,ìX6sÅ»g™ŠÏŘVJ-eƒnÔ°pÅYñZk§bZk!*]»Z‚E+{6,Zq-µZW,%A$ƒÇX
99 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
ÓxŠgVÆaœu£gZ]ÆgZÆ
z{§iTÆfg)(¿Ã**ÇHYñZKZW,5+k,~ÆjZáÐ"uZÌg‚rìXZk§i»gÃÓxŠgY]Æœu£gZ]Æ‚B5™ZEwHY**ecX~Z’ZðY,{Ôgœ¿ÔôZãz‹tZzgOW,{ZÛZŠøwçZ]Њzeg4]Å!*<mÑ•áïƒXZkqÃic*Š{Ðic*Š{ZEw~Ñc*Y**ec@*£gÃD¯c*YnX
tZKâÎÆZ±gУg~ƒDZzg(g›¿ÅÛZbÆaÀò Àò£gZ]:R»ç™DX
t÷÷´â]óóCCMc*èÃg{£gqÝ™1ŠHìXt6,z¤/ZxÆ ã~ZágZ]:ZW,Z]Zzg}òÆ‚B‚BZEwKYäzZá¿Zzg§i»gÃYiZzgZk»Zšr
™ä»fg=ÌÛZë™CXSy~£gZ]ZzgZágZ]ÃZqÑ]~**Ç™äÆaºmï]Ôi)]Ð gÉZßw:
.ëÆagÉðZzgF,Áç5]Æazm,áïƒCXSy£gZ]ZzgZágZ]Ð0Zë)b~jZ!Y]ÅZq-ZN!z„ 2 ZzgqD¥â]ƧŠZ]ÔÚi¬]c*·z]ÃÌÒyHY@*ìXt.0î E
G
áïƒCìT~ZkvÆÀòZzgSà})bÐ0¥â]ÆfgZùƒDX
100 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
101 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
1 £gX½CZzgZN[
ñizVZzg‡.ÞF,+Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
ÅZq-(,~®ZŠÃÑÇZzg™sËs¿Æfg)½CHY@*ìX
TÅãCŠZN!£g6,g¿YCìàqZzg°w»?kƒ@*ìX
2 £gXÑZ$ûJL»g
Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½ÃÑZ_»gÆ!*g}~zZãîg6,Cc*Y@*ìX
T~Ÿ‚ZÜtÅ0*È~Zzgoƒçz2ÅZŠZ5ÌáïƒCìX
3 £gXçz-$ZzgôZãôZãZzgçz-$ÆÂx;ñ»gÃZ‚E+{ZzgŠvo½ÆaúŠc*Y@*ìZzgZyÃ!*‡°{ãCŠzV6,',zñ»gÑc*Y@*ìX
jZ!Y]zâ~.Z]Çà 2 vXZ‚E+{zŠvo½v
1 eXŸ‚ZÜt
Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
:½CZzgOƒ 1 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½£gàqZzgZ»sÆqïOƒÆ§i»gÆÑZÇZzgËs¿Æfg)ëw®ZŠ~oƒF,šMc*CZ‚E+{Zzg(pŽCÅYCìX
)Z¹gÉâFÆ‚B5™7,JYñ( ãCŠ~ZágZ]½CƿЬ5i#ÖÅâλzZãZzgoƒç™1Yñ)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgÉâ^ /
(1½C»zZã§i»g³™Šc*YñX /½ZVÆaZq-pw¯ðYñT~£òM!*Š~ÆúÒ}Ìáï /ƒVXtwZyzZgzVÅ&¢AÆËs‹bÔÆQñgÔàqZzgM!*Š~Æa‡.ÞJwƒäÅãCŠ6,Z‚E+{Ž»V™}XZâ®ZŠ~Z‚E+{½CKYNz{ic*Š{®ZŠÅqï)oVÆaÌ»° /ƒVX
gÉâF
CDz‰ÜŠzu~!*ÂVÆ´z{Z‚E+{ÆÛZøÔf)ŠZg-VÔŸ‚ZÜt »xÅâÎ X1Zzguz›»g»zZã癊c*YñX
uòßgw~oƒF,šMÆqïZ‚E+{ýCHY**ec@*ë Š/Zzg‡/: X2
‰qÑ]~ÁŠ"ÆqïZzg**Š/»gZ‚E+{Ã̽CHYYìpZ+ßg]~F,šMÅÛZb¢zg~ƒÏXZ¤/F,šMc*CZ‚E+{ZKŠ*zm,Z]ZzgZ‹Š
102 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
ÛZë:™ÃÂt¢zg~ìŠzu}§hVÐQkŤ&™àYñ}ŠgpZ„¦/Zg~»±z){1YñXt!*]Ì¢zg~ìâZyZ‚E+{½CK
‚wƒX‰qÑ]~!›Ð)é]Åic*Š{®ZŠ~½C 18 YNZzgZ*ŠÅÁÐÁ/¢zg~ƒYCìp˜VJ-eƒÔ½ZVÆfg)@)zZ]Æ¿ÃÛzrŠc*Y**ecX
Z¤/Z•VÃòi!*yŽ̊~Yg„ƒÂA$Ìt¢zg~ìZ,Z‚E+{½CKYNQyßÍVÅZKi!*yc*i!*âVÐzZƒVXZkÆ´z{˜VJ-eƒo
(7 Åòc*ö!*yoÅi!*âVÆ0YìÃgw™ZñYN)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgÉâ^
½CƧi»g~Šg`fs!*'áïƒ**¢zg~: X3
&zgZ:‡/:(ÔD+g+Zzg;CzYŠ/;Šv'g'Ôi!*y6,gX DfZC‡/:/Ô½)Z¤/eƒÂ½ZV~@)zZ]Ã',ŒÛZgg3Yñ(ZkÆ D´z{£òM!*Š~ÅúÒÏÃD¯äÆa#ZzgèI:©ZzgàqÃÌÅp{§
g3YñXŠzu~‡&Ó454è EGGG:£òM!*Š~Æ‚BgZ‚ZzgQkÆa‡.ÞJwƒ**ZzgOW,{M!*Š~ D
Ðmƒ**X
Z‚E+{ZzgŠzu}(p»OƒãCŠ~îg6,OW,{M!*Š~ÆZ0+gЄHY** Oƒ: X4
ecpZ¤/¢zg~ƒÂ!*CÙÐ̽»VÅY$ËXZ¤/Â'+Æac*Z0+gzyo"yƒYäzZßVÆa‡ìňƒÂQk´ºÅ£òM!*Š~ÆZyzZgzVÃ̽CHYYì@*£òM!*Š~Zzg"yZÛZŠc*'+ÆŠgxyZimÛzr0*ÃXZyzZgzV»Oƒ´M!*Š~Ôö!*yM!*Š~Zzg£ò©xÆ
103 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
tg}ÐHY**ecX
¬gèZOxzZà»V6,Z‚E+{Zzg(pŽC™Dz‰ÜQyÆjZ! jZ!Y]: X5
Y]c*Y+zZßVÆ0¥â]qÝ™àYN@*Z,ßv:½CƒÃ¥6,tîg6,ZW,Z0+ZiƒVc*7g~§bÐZLÛZøÅZxŠ„:™ÃX
HgHYñ £òîg6,|IZ:£g ¥Å)®)Åic*Š{Ðic*Š{®ZŠÆa X6
Zzg»°®ZŠ~Z‚E+{½CKYN@*ZkHg{£gÐZZse:ƒnXjwÅY,{g7gIV~Zk!*]ŶK0+„ÅY$ËìÃ)®)Hg{wÐic*Š{(,~ìX
:ÑZ_»g 2 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½»£gZ‚E+{ZzgŠzu}(pÃzZãîg6,ÑZ_»gZzgŸ$î E0ZÜtÆ0DƒZzgZ¹oƒ
çz2ÅZŠZ5ÅYñX
)Z¹gÉâFÆ‚B5™7,JYñ( ãCŠ~ZágZ]5i#ÖÆç@}~9Z{ZzgÑZ_»gÅzŸs#™Š~YñX9Z{!*‡°{ãCŠ6,Š~ /
(2-1 YñZzgt&zgZ:Z¦ZŠZzg»xÅ&¢AÆ_.ƒ)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgÉâF
ÎZÑZòZŠZgzVÆ©xÛzr½Å{§oƒÕi»g™äÆa&CÀ*î0½ /Æ©xÔ(wZzgZ+YZziÆúÒzVÆ‚Bï™»x™,ZzgZ‚E+{ZzgŠzu}(pÅZ¥VZzgŠgVÆa9ZƒV»²:Ô‡.Þ¿Zzg0*GZge:»g
(2 ™,)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgÉâ^Ÿ‚ZÜtZzgÑZ_»gÑZÇZ0+Zi~»gÅYNZzgZk¿~(pZzgM!*Š~Æ /
104 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
Zg»yŠzâVÃáïHYñXZkÆ´z{ÎfÆazZã@Zc*]ƒVXo½Ÿ‚ZÜt6,Š\™}ZzgZkÅcz~™}XŸ$î E0ZÜtÅÜszgi~c*Ë /
(4 Zzg 3 "Ÿ$ŒÀö EY
Åßg]~»ggzZð¿~ÑðYñ)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgÉâF
gÉâF
~qÑ‹»gÔ9Z{Ôq¢~ÔZz‡]»gÔ5i#Ö~ÂWÔôZãZzg 5i#ÖÅÑZ_ X1
çz-$Ƨi»gZzgËÚiqÅßg]~ZkÆiÅzZãßg]ƒãP™{!*Ñ( 1 ÔgÉâ^ 1 ecX)ŠB£g
¦VÅ~̃YìZzgËŠzu~^~Ì)T6,Z·tƒYñ( çz£ X2
Zzgtçz£!*‡°ÏÆ‚BZŠZHY**ecXçz£ÅoƒR»çßÍVÅxzg]Æfg)ZzgÑZǿƃ**ecXçz£ZÚƒ**ec&zgZ:
wÔ5i#Ö»öz0*GZg~D0nXZke~ZZx{ÆZŠZgzVÔZ+YZziÔY½Æ©xZzgŠzu}´ZŠZgzVÃçz2ÅZq-.R»ç™**ecX
~(pÆa™ŠZgÆzZã£gZ]ÅzŸs#ƒZzgtÌCc*Yñ Ÿ‚ZÜt X3
Zy£gZ]6,7gZ:QF,äzZá¿ÃÁ}ò»‚o™**7,YìXŸ‚ZÜt»',Zñ%: 108™1 Z:tÔ(âjwZzg(u¤/ñV6,ƒ**ecÔ)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGe
Ÿ‚ZÜt(
Ÿ‚ZÜt»Ñ¥Å4~ZzgZk!*]ÃD¯**ƒ@*ìZ‚E+{Zzg(oD+göƵâjwÃÛzrŠ,XŸ‚~Šzu~!*ÂVÆ´z{tÌ’k,ƒ**ec(
105 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
o:ZL™ŠZgÔ‚ÑZzgZܹgzb»Zd£g',ŒÛZggÄ™&zgZ:gzb» D
bCÙ{™}ÇXZ,âjwÆÛzrÆa™ŠZgZŠZ™}ÇÃð¤DpŠÃZkâjw~ D[:¦g:™}XZ(ôpZzg¡qâjw',ŒÛZggÇÇCÙZ‚V™ä)øwÒîg6, DCÙZ‚V™ä(egZ䊔äZzgŸœZzgZqÐiÐ0*uƒX!*‡°{q¢~Zzg0*È~z‰ÜÃD¯ñÇX DZLÛZøÅZŠZ5~&zgZ:gzbZzgZdZ¦ZŠ»bCÙ{™}ÇZzg D
ñ‹ZzgŠzu}ZÛZŠÆa4+gz)õGO»bCÙ{™}ÇX D
D+g+âjwÆZ0+g»x™äzZáÓx(Zzg)(6sÆ Ÿ$î E0ZÜt»Îf: X4
aŸ$î E0ZÜtÆ0F,šM»ZÈxƒ**ecZzg£òZmwÆZg»yÔáZzg4zZ,gzVÆaŸ‚ZÜtÆÎfÆK~ZyÆ™ŠZgZzgf)
ŠZg-VÆ0F,šMZzgçz-$ÛZëÅYãecXZ¹(6,z¤/ZxÆŸ‚ZÜtÆ´Zë]»Ø`ä~ÌgZÉðÛZëÅYãecXôZãÆËs§T»gÅ»g~ÆaZq-ÑÇ¿»gHYñZk»x~Ñq-ÓxßÍVÅ
(3 gZiŠZg~»D™nX)ŠBŠg`fs£g
:çz-$ZzgôZã 3 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½£gZ‚E+{ZzgŠzu}(pÆaçz-$ZzgôZ㻧T»gZ(gHY@*
ìZzgSÐ!*‡°{ãCŠzV6,ZEw~Ñc*Y@*ìX
106 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
ãCŠ~ZágZ]Z‚E+{ZzgŠzu}(pÆ0!*‡°{‹bÔôZãZzgçz-$ÆaZq-Yì /
(2 Zzg 1 §T»gðHY@*ì)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgÉâ^6sÅ!*‡°{ãCŠzV6,ÛŠUÛŠU»g™ŠÏÃY™Y@*ìÔZkÃ!*‡°{’k,HY@*ìZzg /
(3 ¿Æ‚BQk6,nŠÈî0ìwHY@*ìX)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgÉâ^Z‚E+{ZzgŠzu}(pÅZq-oƒuJ-;CzYçz-$ÅYCìZzg /
(4 xzg]ÛZëÅYCìX)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGgÉâ^
gÉâF
CÙoc*OW,{´ºÃZ‚E+{ZzgŠzu}(pÆaHg{ ôZãƧT»g: X1
£gZ]»g™äeZzgçz-$zôZ㻊Z],{¿zã™ÆQk6,¿ŠgMæHY**ecXZk§bZ‚E+{ÅZIVÜjßVÅ¡VÔgzZîZzgèIgZɃVÉ£òßÍVÆúÒzVÔzZ−+Ô£ò©xÔZ‚E+{ZzgŠâ7zVÃZk¿~áïHYYìXZ‚E+{ÅôZã»»x£ò(wŽ7gçz-$Æ‚BZxŠc*Y**ecXZkwÅf)ŠZg-V~Ÿ$î E0ZÜtÆjZáÐ(pÅôZãÔ&zgZ:
™1 ZqÔZ¦Z›»gZzggz)õGO6,ÃgÌáïì)Š&ÀŸ/õ GGñ‹ÅÑ•£g(21
T~D+g+pÅF,šM»f™HŠHìX 91™2 Š&ÀŸ/õ GGD+göZzg½»£g F,šM: X2
heÆašñYäzZáZ°ÎV~Z‚E+{ZzgŠvpÅ pÅ»g™ŠÏ»Y,{ X3
Z¦ZŠZzgZW,5+k,~»‹tHY**ecZzgZ‚E+{ÔŠâ7zVZzgŠzu}´6sÃ
107 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
xzg]»ñµŠc*Y**ec@*Óxç5]»ZŠgZuƒnZzgMÒ{Æau¤/ñV».îg6,çHYnX˜VJ-eƒnZ,Y,{Z°ÎVÆñµ6,(»xçVÅpÙ~»gd$ÂÅYN@*D+g+pÅj,Z‚ÛZðƒXôZãZzgÑÇ‹bÆZk¿Æfg)Z‚E+{»j,(,J™QyÅZ¦Z›»g~ZŸ†HYYìX
ËÌdZãßgwZzg60VÆ7MäÅßg]~: dZy~çz-$: X4
Üs¥ÉŠ/»gzF,šMc*CZ‚E+{ZzgŠzu}Z−gÌ6,.ãЊzegƒMhXZkßgwÐÇ{',Mƒä»Z®gZyÊø7[æŠZzgçz-$6,ƒ@*ìXËÌuòc*dZãªÐÖÆaZ(§i»gzäHY**¢zg~ìTÐZ‚E+{ZzgŠzu}(pÃæŠÅVnX
108 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
D+göZzg½:
e
:Z‚E+{ÆaŸ‚ZÜt 1 eCÙz‰ÜóZ*Š
Zk§iп™@*ìc»%ûZzgz‡g',ŒÛZggìX /¥ZOŠ~¼}ÔQyÆgZiÅ™«™@*ìX /¤AVÃZyqÑ]ÐDÛZë™@*ìDqÝ™ä~g»z^‘WƒVc* /¤AVÅ¡ZzgsäÆavyŠ{ƒDX
Ȩ̈bÐZKfZCw»ÃZ+{7ZV@*X /Ȩ̈bФAVÃÒîg6,6,.y7™@*ZzgZyÆ‚BȨ̈b»Ò /m7g‚rX
ZióŠc*ÈZgZ:ZzgVà™ŠZg»qïƒ@*ìX /¯kgzx~ÔZ*Š
Zq-µZzgôpdâjwþe$à@*ìX /ZkZ0+ZiÐ7,J@*ìÓxC»z‡gZzg£t»ZZx',ŒÛZggìX /¤Wų]ÑópŠZOŠ~ZzgfZCŠgÃF,¹ŠêìX /¤AVÅZdÂu]ð¿ìZzgZyŇ/J-î~抙@*ìX /
109 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
¤AVÅj,Z‚ÛZð™@*ì@*z{Ãuóf)ŠZgZzg!íW,IzZáFX /ZOŠ&½zÐÅZq-c‡ì™@*ìX /
ZK&zZgZ:i0+Ï~óZ*Š(§i»gZzgZL*y~ãCŠ~'g]»bCÙ{™@*ìX /
ZKD+gö~Zk™1ú»bCÙ{™@*쾧bFìX /åz‰Ü6,¯k~Y@*ìZzg7,JäÆa»ggLìX /
ZyxÁ&»ñV~zs7ƒ@***ñZ¬§iÐZkÆ7,JäÅS¤Ã /OW,™DƒVXÓx&zZgZ:F,¹ÆñZµÐÃZ+{ZV@*ìZzg].h+t”{(§hVÃZEw™@* /ìXZhàe$óZðZzgçÑCf)ŠZg-VÆZßwC@*ìX /CÙ¤W»™ŠZgZzgZJã}òŠc*ÈZg~Ð7™@*ìX /
ñ‹ÆÒpÐóZ*ŠzZ−+Åj,Z‚ÛZð™@*ìz{”VÆ(¿~Ñq-ƒVZzgZyÅçz-$ /
™,X{0+ZyZzgñ‹Åjw~ŠpÅZÌÃt™@*ìX /jwƵ¦gÅ@*G™@*ZzgZÐF,¹ŠêìX /
ŒVÒy™Š{ZñgÆ´z{Zq-Z*ŠÐtµÅYCìz{zWF,+âjwÅ0*ÎVZzgZßßVÅ0*È~™}X)Hójwz){(fg=:-ZÝZ+ÏWgäZkŸ‚ZÜtÃgâewZEwHì&jßVäÌZCc*X
110 Z‚E+{ZzgŠvo½
(0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~ X5
¬gsÎZÑZòZŒÛZg**óZzgZ´!/õGÓxZÛZŠÆ(£tÃt™DÓxZKã£tÅF,¹ÅãCŠƒDXMiZŠ~gZñ»hó',Z',~»hZzgçÑCZzg(0*ÎVÆÒpÐ
ê‚i~~hÔ½ÆbzÑixX
uòqÑ]~t¢zg~ƒ@*ìZy£t»DHYñóuògŠ¿ÆË~(©xZzgZëZÛZŠÃ(µ"¯äZzgZk6,¿ŠgMæ™Z**ec¸òZzgÎZÑZò(0*ÎVÆ
?kƒVó½ÆhÃu—™,ZzgOW,{M!*Š-VÅIÅd¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™,XZkÛ*zgu»Ñ½Æ£gZzgjßVJ-g‚ðÃÛzrŠbóuògŠ¿ÐF,¹J-Åp~ÃzZãîg6,ªCÙ™**ìXµ/È~óZŠZâ]ÆÎfó6,z¤/ZxZzg0*ÎV~çÑ}ÅËqËÌuògŠ¿Å»x!ÆaZëƒCìX
uòqÑ]~(6,z¤/ZxZZÛZŠ].ZÇ:îg6,`DZy~ZÒgZÆŶƒCìXZÚZàgZÆÆÂxÅñ‹óIó¸òZzg‡ðR6,¢zg]ƒCìZzgZyÃÑiòîg6,YìZzgzZãƒ**ecXZ,Âx;ñ»gšµ¢zgc*]Æ‹bó£g~ó{Å»g~Óx¬Zzg³ÆŠgxyz‚bZzg¥â]ÆCz}Æa¢zg~ƒDX
½ÃpgZuóg;öó¡ó0*ãZzgÌðÆZŠZâ]ÆzWF,Z’ZðZKyŠz„gŠ¿Æ‚BëM}™**ecXZiZŠZâ]6,FF(gŠ¿ÃºmuòßgwÆÚø~çÑ}Å
111 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
¢zgc*]Æ_.F,KMŠbecX’Å'gÂV6»y0óøy¡ZzgZÝMðz~&Zi+iÐ0MÇ„îÅCÙ/ÆßÍVJ-g‚ðƒãecX (HIV/ AIDS)
ÓxŠgVÆaœu£gZ]ÆgZÆ
Zq-§i»gTÆfg)Zq-(gŠ¿ÃÛzrŠc*Y@*ìZzgZk6,cgMæ™Zc*Y@*ìóZKZÊe$ÆÒpйZëìXZkvÃÓxŠgVÆœu£gZ]ÆjZáÐ',zñ»gÑ**ecçÑ}ÅÑ•ó£òfgZùóZ’ZðY,}ógŠ¿óôZãZzgøá»Zq©™D
XSîdZyÐOW,{ßÍVø:â0+{¤/z7VÅËqÃZkÅñiz+MZzg£gÃD¯äÆa(,J**ecX
tZKâÎÆZ±gУg~ƒDZzg(gŠ¿ÅÛZb~ÀòŠgV : Àò£gZ]Æ”wÅzŸs#™DX
Sì÷´â]óÐظìMc*èÃg{£gqÝ™1ŠHìXt6,z¤/ZxÆZW,Z] : ãCŠ~ZágZ]z}òÆ´z{ZEwKYäzZá§i»gÃYiZzgZy»Zšr™ä»§iÛZë™D
XZágZ]£g~ZzglZg~ŠzâVƒMhX
Zy~ºmï]áïƒDZqÑ]~£gZ]ZzgZágZ]»Z:t : gÉâF
™äÆ´z{i)]Ð.ëÆagÉð½™DZzgF,Á)b6,tg{ŠïXZy~£gZ]ZzgZágZ]Ð0™)bÌáïƒDZzgqDD~0*ñYä
~jZ!Y]ÅÉz„ìT~Zk 2 zZ᧊c*Z%sÃÌÒyHY@*ìXevÐ0ÓxÀò)bZzgºm})bŠzâV6,¥â]Æâ~.ñŠX
(0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
112 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
(0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~113 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
:0*ŒÅúZzg 1 £g‡ây‚i~(©xÓxZÛZŠÃjwŽJ-jg‚ðÃF,ߊïZzgèÃg{
(Úø~ËqZzg(£gÃÛzrŠ¶ÆaEZg0*åV¯DX
:µ/È~Zzg 2 £gÎf
uò(u¤/xVÎZÑZòZzgò0*ÎVZzg£gZ]2OW,{W!*Š~Å(¢zgc*]»Y,{7™CX
:gZ‚»g~ 3 £g
uò(u¤/ñVøw´ZÛZŠÆâÎñW,¥â]ÆnŠáÆaZq-ËsgZÆ»ÂxñŠìX
jZ!Y]Zzgâ~.Çà :2v(0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~v
:1 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~£g0*ŒÅúZzg‡ây‚i~
(©xÓxZÛZŠÃjwŽJ-jg‚ðÃF,ߊïZzgèÃg{(Úø~ËqZzg(£gÃÛzrŠ¶ÆaEZg0*åV¯DX
)gÉâFÅæŠÐ7,³( ãCŠ~ZágZ]uòqÑ]ÆŠzgZyZzgˆ~(¸Z2Zzg0*åV½ÆhÃu—™C /
1-2 ÎZÑZòZKã£tÅŠ*zm,Z]ZzgZ´ñV~zäK‰X)gÉâF
ŠB(¸Z2ó¸Z°Zzg0*åVøzxZzg?0+{¤/z7VÆjZáн~ZqÐi',ãÆ /
(3 ÜsDÛZë™C)ŠBgÉâ^¸Z2ó¸Z°Zzg0*åVIzZßVâŠ;ã™ZCIzZác*ZkÆ{0+Zy /
(X 4 ÆözŠz‚bÅzzÐZ7½Ðøzx7g3YñÇX)ŠBgÉâ^¸Z2ó¸Z°Zzg0*åVC{¦/eVÆjßVñc*ZyÆZLzíÆ»[ÃZEw /™äÐI7™'X¸Z2ó¸Z°Zzg0*åV(ZŠZgzVÅgÉðZzgç¤Æ_.Z#Ì¢zg]ƒÔ) /u»g~ZŠZgzVÃuòqÑ]~œ1]ÛZë™äÅZYi]ŠîX¸Z2ó¸Z°Zzg0*ÎVÃZ+~ÒHY@*ìÓxZÛZŠZ¹!*M‚ã™ /
ÃX(ÆeðäÆZEwÃÛzrŠî EMIS 0*ŒóF,¹Zzg(ZOxÆ¥âCÂx) /
114 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
ì&(g‚ðZzgŠ~ƒäzZàp=V»‹t™äÆagZq-fg=(X 5 ZEw»Y@*ìX)ŠBgÉâ^
¸ò(0*ÎVÇâyZzgPÆÛ*zguÅ7gq݃CìTÐuò /(X 6 ßgw»¯g~Z[Šc*Y@*ìX)ŠBgÉâ^
gÉâF
Ãu—ƒ**ecZzgqgzfs ÎZÑZòZKã£tÅŠ*zm,Z]ZzgZŒÛZg**ñV: -1
YóZKã£t»¬@ 1989 J-özŠ7ƒ**ecX”VÆ£tZZx{».šY(pZ&Æ 1966 YçÙYZzgpD£t»ÎZÑZòç@{) 1948 Z´ð
YeZ»gÛ*zgu',ZñZŠZâ] ÷½ƒÆaó 1979 ÜsZqÐiÅÓxZDwÆ{8».šY(X 2000)
Š*zm,Z]Zzg‡âãÛ*zgu~M!*Š-VÅ™«ÆÒpДVZzgâZâVÃZÌŠïƒñqgzfs‡V‰f6¡ó½ZáóôópÄóic*ŠCÐXƒ
‚wÐÁ/”VÆaZ’Zð½Ð0ÎZÑZò¸Z°ÌáïX 6 Zzg(43™2 ÔgÉâF 1 )ŠBg‚ðZzg(âjw£g
ÓxZÛZŠ¬zyZzgZ·Zu™DZzg C{¦/+ó"yZÛZŠZzgö!*yM!*Šc*V: X2
Zk!*]6,5½²:Z0+Zi~Óx¤/z7VÃSecXT»»ŸC{¦/eV)úZò½(TÆ_.C{ 22 Y».š™@*ìXÔ 1951 Åwд
¦/eVÃz„(£tq݃VУòßÍVÃq݃DXZ7Z’ZðZzgZdŠgVŽóeø)Ôe¤/~ÔZ‹ŠÅàg~óˆV&ZyZY]~g¬e$Åœ1]q݃ãecXZe°’J-g‚ðX»Z:t)¬V6,ƒ@*ì²SàD
115 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
ƤgzVÃZ0+gzyo"yƒäÅßg]~z„%Z¬]q݃ãecXZŠZgzVÃecz{£ò¥Æ(£tÆ‚B‚BC{¦/eVÆö!*y´Ô´ºZzgkBÐOW,{´~Z,„(£tŠ¶Å\gl™,X
çÑ}c*ñ‹~z{M!*Š~zZá¤/z\ƒDXÆ£t» ?0+{Zzgøzx¤/z\ X3
f™Î‚ÌÆãCŠ~Zܪ]~7HY@*Xøzx¤/z7VÅYZzgçÙc*pDS:]ůY6,¶K0+„ÅYCì‰Ë¿ÅMæãc*ŠzªÔ´‘c*±ÔÔ'Z5ðûzzqÔè<ØÔàe$ÅwÔZ0+gzãÜkãc*Kãc*f6qªXC{¦/+”Vý»hq݃**ec6”VÆ£tÆ.š»gc*„ÆZ0+g
‚wÅ/ÐnÓx”VZzg!*½V6,Z:tƒ@*ìX)ŠBg‚ðZzg(âjw 18
(42™1 gÉâ^ 1 £g
Ë̤WÃq¢~óˆVc*ŠvvZyZY]‰(ñZŠc*-pgx (ZyZY]: -4
:ƒäÅßg]~(6,z¤/ZxÅg‚ðÐøzx7HY**ecXjwÆšzZôZyZY]‰R,Z¡g^ZzgÁMæãÃÁ™äÅCÙeÃÒÅYãec@*ÓxaÔâZyZzg!*Ú(¿~Ñq-ƒVX
ÃZy´VZzgM!*Š~Ƥ/z7VÅ¥â]ÐÝ™Šbec eð EMIS -5
uòqÑ]źmZlxÐmgBbƒVXt»g~ÅÕiì¸òZzg£ò(µ/È~ÃñZŠÛZë™CìX˜Veƒñ‹ÐeðqÝ™**ec
ÂxÃÛZë™**ecXZæZŠ~ZŠZgzVÃZyfgZùŶK0+„™ä~ EMIS Zzgòñ‹Å抙ãecTХƊZ¾Ôq¢~ZzgŠ~ZŸ†ƒnZzg
1 jw:YäzZá”VÅ¢zgc*]ÃÌ7gZHYnX)ŠB‹t£gZ]
116 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
(25™ 3 Zzg 21™
½ÃòMÃ]Å»g~ÆÛ*zgu~áïHY**ecZzg!íW, Z\ÒÛ*zgu: X6
Zzg',z‰Ü(gŠ¿ÛZë™äÆaz‚bÃDÛZë™**ecXòZzg£ò(F,ªC6,z¤/ZñVÃçz-$ÛZë™äzZáÎZÑZòZŠZgzVÃZy6,z¤/ZñVÆZZYÆîg6,Z\Ò(gŠ¿c»g~ÃÛzrŠbecX
117 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
:2 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~£gµ/È~ZzgÎf
uò(u¤/xVÎZÑZòZzgò0*ÎVZzg£gZ]2OW,{W!*Š~Å(¢zgc*]»Y,{7™CX
)gÉâFÅæŠÐ7,³( ãCŠ~ZágZ]
¸òZzgÎZÑZò‡âãÛ*zguZzg0*ÎV~bàZzgF,ªCZªVÆ( /(1 6,z¤/ZñV»@Š3ðŠêìX)ŠBgÉâ^
uò(6,z¤/ZñVÅZk§jе/È~ZzgÎfHY@*ì(øÆîs /Z=]F,¹Ð%1oƒVX
(©xZzgŠzu}ãCŠ~™ŠZgqwZzgwÆuòqÑ]ÆaòZzg£ò /)ŠBgÉâ^ . (µ"»g™DZzgZyÅ!*‡°{ÃU*ã»Âx¯D
(2uòqÑ]ÆŠzgZyZzgˆ~ÓxZÛZŠ(gŠ¿Æµ"6,cgMæ™ä /ÆaZN»x™DqD¢zgc*]Æ‹bÐ%1oƒDXZyÅãCŠOW,{M!*Š-VÆ‚—(Š"ó¸Z°Zzg0*Œ6,g¿YCìX
(gŠ¿óâàÔ}ZzgZKãz‚bŶK0+„™DñW,µ/È~óÎfZzgôZã /Æa¢zg~ƒDX¬Zk!*]Å¢Š;ã™ZD‡.Þ¢zg]z‚b
(X 3 ½KYNÐX)ŠBgÉâ^
118 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
(u¤/ñVŵ/È~ZzgÎfÊvuògŠ¿ÆŠzu}øzVÐ%1oH /(4 Y@*ìX)ŠBgÉâ^
gZÉâF
(6,z¤/ZñVÃÎZÑZòÛ*zguÆ_.( (£tZzg£œJ-g‚ð: -1
YZKã£t»¬@ 1989 u¤/xVÛZë™ãecX»”VÆ£tÆ.šY2000 YZzg
!5Ó454-ê GGEGJF,ªCZ@Zs 2000 Y½ƒÆa»Û*zgu 1948 Z´ðÆ´z{(©xƇ&ÿEL¿Û*zguZzg0*åV»Ÿ™CX
ÃñŠ{ZzgwÆuòqÑ]ÆaZVñ‰ZŠZâ]Å ¸ò(µ1V -2
¶K0+„™ãecZzg6,z¤/ZñVó¬ó´ZÛZŠóê‚i~ZzggZ‚»g~Æ‚B
‚BŠvøzVÆŠgxygZÆÆaDó™õÁÜZzgÂx;ñ»gÐÌ!*¸gecXµ"Ãoƒ(0*ŒZzgÛ*zguÅçz-$q݃ãecX(
øÆaŠgCMÃ])}c[ói²!ó«g~îÃy(ÃæÃgnpƒñuòµ"»gKYäecZzg˜V'+ZzgŠz!*g{zZ:MäzZá£òZzg
Zzgfs 16™5 ógÉâ^ 1 ¸ò(ÂxÃOW,™MhX)ñ‹ÑZ•£gÌŠB(X 3 ~£g
©xó¾ŠyÇyóZ+YZziZzgŠzu}™xyZ(gÃZkZ%Å¢Š;ãc z‚b: -3
ZNï™»x™**ecoƒŠ]uò(6,z¤/ZñVÆaôp™a‰Zzg;CzY¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™äÆa(ôZzgu¤/ñV6,ÂzŠ~YCìXZ#uòßgw6,‡10*1Y@*ìÂ(µ/È~ÆñZµ~Z’Zð
119 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
‚Å›zúógŠZ’ZðZzg²g~jwŽó½!*¸VZzg&zZgZ:6,z¤/Zxáï™ÆZ7zÝŠ~Y$ËìXâŠ~ÁÜ)‰ZŸ°#ï)®)ÔŠgÏÃÔD+g+Zzg(ñZŠ(Zzg£g~ZbZY)}Z*ŠZzgôZãÆF,mÃgk(Æaz‚bÅ)z~º!Zzg„ƒãecX
(µ/¿ZzgZkÆÎfÃqgzfs%Y]~Àò©2.ç EGJ Àò©2.ç EGJ£gZ]: X4
£gZ]Ð%1o™äÅSàÃl™ãecX0*ãÔÌðZzgøy¡ÅF,¹ D½ZðDÔ½ZáZzg½ZðZæZŠ Dg;öÔW!*Š»g~Zzg)½ZðZâYZzg¡¬)Å}.â] D
Ïe~gzxÆ©2.ç EGJ£gZ] MSEE ¡¬)Å}.â])^©2.çEGJ£gZ]Æa D
ÆvgZÆŠB(
:gZ‚»g~ 3 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~£guò(u¤/ñVøwZÛZŠÆâÎñW,¥â]ÆnŠáÆaZq-ËsgZÆ»ÂxñŠìX
)gÉâFÅæŠÐ7,³( ãCŠ~ZágZ]
(©xñŠ{ZzgwÆuògŠ¿ÆaZq-ZÚZàgZ‚wúŠï /uò(u¤/ñVŵ/È~ZzggZ‚»g~~Z뙊ZgZŠZ™CìX)ŠBgÉ
120 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
(1 â^Z#(©xñŠ:ƒVc*Zk‡.Þ:ƒVM:~gZ‚»g~™ÃÂZq-ZÚZà /gZ‚w(»ggzZÇVZzg6,z¤/ZxÆ!*g}~gÉðZzggZ‚½™CìX)ŠB
(1 gÉâ^©xó¾ŠyÇyZzgŠzu~ZìVâàeJ‘úŠî(™xyZ(g /ÐgZ‚Z2Zg™ÆQyÅZæZŠ~u¤/ñVÆaçz-$ÛZë™DXgZÆÆ£œ»ÀòÍØZg{óZágZ]ZzgôZãƧi»gzZãƒDZzgÓx( /¬&+Z]pŠZkÛ*zgu~»x™äÅf)ŠZg~Jw™DZzgãCŠ~¥â]
(3 ZzgZ°ZŠzÑgJ-úZxÅg‚ðƒCìX)ŠBgÉâF
OW,{ñ‹ÃthqÝìz{Qkê‚i~~Ñq-ƒZ7',Z{gZ„OW, /™CìX!*<m0*Œc*6,z¤/ZxÅúóÎfZzgôZãÆ¿~ZyÅÑ•¢zg~ìXøiÆŠgxyZzgãCŠ~¸òZzgÎZÑZò³ÆŠgxy¥â]ÆnŠá» /
(4 Zq-™sËsZzg!íW,Âxƒ@*ìX)ŠBgxâ^
gÉâF
˜VJ-eƒÔ(©xÆik,u6,4~SkÆúÒzVÃ ZÚZàgZ‚w: -1
³ÆzWŠ"»qïƒ**ecXuòßgwÅâÎÆgZ‚Vô‡ðó¸òóVc*£ò¥V6,úŠ¶Å¢zg]ƒCìXZ¤/(©xRöZzgZ¦ZŠÅ¶Ck™,ÂZZªVÃZq-ç@}ƪŠ]º!ÅY$Ë
ìXp£òZŠZg}»úÒ{åw»gÁƒ**ecX΢~qÑ]ZYi]
121 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
Š,ÔgZÆÅf)ŠZg~´©xÆjZᙊ´ecX
uòqÑ]~(6,z¤/ZñVÆ»x[Zzg',z‰ÜÎfÆa»° uât»g~: -2
Š]Å¢zg]ƒCìXuât»g~Æ™sZzg%1o§i»gÅ¢Š;ãÆaCÙeÃÒÅYãecX{mîg6,˜VZ‚E+{Æçz2Æa9Z{ÅZŠZ5»Âx**oƒZzg)!íW,ƒXuòuât»g~ÆZOâ]ó£òzâgLÅqÑ]ZzggzZc*]Æ_.™äecZzgZ+n)ßg]qw(ÐÈec0*GZg:ƒVX
ŶK0+„ZzgzŸs#ÅYãec@* gZÆÆ0V uòŠzgÅZ’ZðR6,ãCŠ~ -3
!íW,ÃÃqÝHYnwÅ(}.â]ÃëM}Zzg0*GZg¯äÆagÉðÛZë™nXZy)b~Z‚E+{ÅF,šMóÂ}ZzgZŠZ5ó»!ZzgZbZY»g)»!ÃZzgD+g+z(çz**](jßVZzgZJ**]»eJçZzgÙ|#ÌáïìX
»ZÈx(©xƬzyzZ·ZuÐHY** œ0*ŒÅF,¹ZzgF,mzg¤: -4
ecZzgÛzã¬Æ‚B4gZÆÃD¯**ecX4¦g)zjy(ÆnŠáÆaÑZ•Zzg³xÃzÝŠ´ecZzg(ÂxÅù¦F,¹ÃZY¤/™**ecX
122 (0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~
vY]Z˜q] :1v
Ð%ZŠËgŠc*)gŠ(6,z¤/Zx~áïƒäÔYg~gppc*å g‚ð g‚ð: /™ä»"ÑvñµìX"Ñvñµ»Ôtì”VÔâZâVZzg(,zV»
(6,z¤/ZñV~ËqZzgZyÅŠÆe~ËnÅiÔâàÔKãDÔãCŠ~eJ‘ÔZŠZgzVc*YzpDg»zIV»:ƒ**ìX
ãCŠ~½i0+Ï~I2äZzgZKãF,¹ÅãCŠìZzgtgŠZzg)gŠ ãCŠ~½: /(6,z¤/ZñV»Zq©™CìXZq-¿pZ{z{ÔZyc*(,~/»ƒÔZÐZy(œ1]ÐÃZ+{ZV**ecZyÅ(¢zgc*]ÃæÃgÄ™F,šMŠ~ˆXZy¢zgc*]~¢zg~(ZbZñ»g)‰pZ0+ÏÔZ0+ZiÒyÔÑg5+k,~Zzg)b»i(ZzgãCŠ~(ñZŠ)‰'g'ÔZŠZgZzggzb(áïìXÅZKyâzg]ì@*z{ZK’ÅkB±ÃÔi0+Ϧ/ZgäÆaÓxF,&6VÃF,¹Š}ÃÔdŸ™ÃZzgDÆ”wÃYg~z‚g~gÄÃXãCŠ~½»e:ZzgZy»§T”wZ”VZzgp:V~ZƒYìZzgz‰ÜÆ‚B‚B**¦/k,îg6,Zy~p~WCgSìX
Y(XeZ»gÛ*zgu',ZñZŠZâ]:½ƒÆ 2000 Z6,s 26-28 ¬@(¯gx)Y( 2005 a)@*
123 vY]
uòßgÂVZzgdZyÅ„VÆŠzgZy :(CAFF Jg[ÂVÐzZha) /ZZYÔ5iáVÔi',Š4c*gŸ»g:îg6,aÀ˜Jg[¸ÂVpZ{z{ÓäƒVc*)
ÓäÔÐzZhƒYDX¢zg~7åtaÏg„ZVNÉt!*g',ŠZgƒMhÔYÎkÔ!*zgcc*Z•ðÒŸŠ»Dg̃MhXtÓxaJg[¸ÂVÐzZhƒäÅzzнÐøzxƒYDXZyÅbàZzgF,¹Æ¿ÆŠzgZyZy”VÅSà(¢zgc*]ÃæÃgecX~gŠz)gŠ½ÔñW,½z{q~Ôi0+Ϧ/ZgäÆîg§jZzg&zgZ:½áïX±YV6,SàÂzŠ¶Å¢zg]ìqbàÆ»xÐøzxg3Y@*ìX
ñ‹Å¢zgc*]ÃZY¤/™äZzgZyÆiÆaZq-wú ñ‹Å(w: /Š~YCìT~zZ−+ÔzZ−+ZzgZ‚E+{Å¡VÔ£òZªVÔà~¡VÔ
ñ‹Å¡VÔâZâVÔpZ&Å¡VÔZ‚E+{Zzg)˜Voƒƒ(IzZßVÆúÒ}ÌáïƒDXZyÅf~ÌṼCXÅú~tZgZWÌáïƒDX‰ç5]~ñ‹Å(°ËZq-(6,z¤/ZxÅfóŠZgƒCc*ËŠvßg]qw~˺m´º~¼Š(6,z¤/ZñVÅX
ñ‹ÅÑ•Zy%ZiZzgu¤/ñVŧsZág{™CìOW,{ ñ‹ÅÑ•: /W!*Š~ÆZgZWÃtZYi]ŠîìZ¹‹YnÔhV~ZyÅÑ•ƒZzgZ¹Zk‡.Þ¯c*Ynz{(ç5]~šzZôÃðŠZxZVÃXñ‹Å½7gÑ•
½Ð0ZyZëç5]ZzgÑÇ¿¯ä~把}ÏX6,¿ŠgWæ**¦/k,ìX'×h+tñ‹ÅѕУòz‚bÆ”w~ÌæŠAÏ(ç5]~çzyzæŠÇgU*"$ƒVÐXñ‹ÅÑ•~ÇZzg¬zyн7gz‚bZzg¤‰Ü
124 vY]
zgúZïÌáïƒäecZyÃ@V6,FFƒV¬%µ~Yg~z‚g~ƒVX
Zq-Z+ßg]qwì˜VZÛZŠÅi0+ŠHVÔ#bz‹ŠZzg ëuòßg]qw: /W!*Š-Vų]zz‡gÃZdZã„V‰ŠgCZzgZKyÅaZ™Š{W©Ô
úZòÚZðZzg©£ŠxÐç{ÑhƒXZq-µ/¿CÆDZzgZyÅ'gÂVÃzÝŠ¶~çzyƒ@*ìX »[: /
Àò£gZ]ÆaÌ÷÷»[óó»ÂZq-äZ˜bÆîg6,ZEwƒÇXT»Z:tgŠc*)gŠ(6,z¤/ZñV6,ƒÇXZy~(£œÔ(ñZŠÔD+g+§i»g»Âxz2ÔgZÉñZŠZzgœ§T»gáïXgŠZzg)gŠ(6,z¤/ZñVÅgZÉðÆaZ,»[Å¢zg]ƒCìIzZáÅ¥â]ZzgŠ"6,FFƒZzgâjwÆ_.ƒXÀò£gZ]Æaqgzfs=%]ZEwÅYC
:yExÔ'gÂVÔZŠZgZzggz-VŶK0+„™D( (£œZ D
u¤/ñVÆfg)Ûzr0*DX{z{‚iz‚ây)ExÔ¥â]Ô{ÔZŠZgZzggzb(ƒ@*ìTÐ7,J (ñZŠ D
ZZzg5Y@*ìXÐ%ZŠz{É™Š{§i»gìD+g+ñZŠÃ7 D+g+§i»gÆÂx D
™ä~ZEwƒ@*ìXZk§i;ñÂx»bzƒ@*ìù¦§i»gÆ D+g+2c*$©î EG0à D
Z:t~ZEwƒ@*ìXÐ%ZŠXi{ÃÔ77ZzgŠvD+g+ñZŠìX D+g+ñZŠ D
125 vY]
tZq-Z(‚¢ìTÆË~i0+Ï»MqÔZKãgôzZÝZzg(,}eä6, dZy: /D+g+ZâY»vyƒ@*ìX
(u¤/xVz{gŠz)gŠ(6,z¤/ZxX»Ñ4+}ò» (u¤/xV: /”wì”VZzgâZâVŽ~ö',ŒÛZggBbc*!*¸yÆaIÆ4ñZµÛZë™CX
gŠ(6,z¤/ZxZq-Z,(£gÆ”w»µ/ìËÛŠÃ gŠ(6,z¤/Zx: /Zq-Ru"3©5½3ï HGEGGHÆ”w~gZÉðŠ}nXtÀ˜ziZg]½Æº!™Š{ò
(6,z¤/ZxÐ0ƒ@*ì&Óäîg6,z䙊{Âxc*gZ”{6,ZÇf$jwZq-ò»[c*ËŠvàg”{»[ÆåR,“ÆòZŠZg}Æc*CZ‚E+{нŠßZNZzg&ziZg]ÆzVZzgZ5iÅxzg]Ìq݃X@*ëËuòßg]qw~Ô‰C{¦/eVÆatgŠ½C{¦/eVÆœV~ÌŠ~Y$ËìT~Hw»çzyÌáïƒ@*ìÔc*&ñ‹ZzgèIjßV~ÌZxŠc*YYìÔZk~ÌZKã#k¡V»(ñZŠÔZ‚E+{ÅF,šMjßVÅyÆe~çzyƒYìX
ËqÐ%ZŠ(6,z¤/ZñV~IzZßVÅJqÃD¯**Zzg½Æ Ëq: /aZyÆ)z~£tÃ!*zg™Z**ìX
Y( 2004 ^©2.çEGJ6,zÐâpf=%]:dZãgŠ¿~ZKyŠz„egR,ZzgÀò£gZ])
126 vY]
)gŠ6,z¤/ZxgŠ6,z¤/ZñVÆuzŠÐ!*CÙZx0*DZzgZk )gŠ(6,z¤/Zx: /~ËZŠZg}Ť8-Ôu"3©5½3ï HGEGGHc*ÅÌ¢zg]7ƒC@*ë¼ç5]~Z¹!*Ÿ‚jßVc*ziZg]½ÐÝHYYìZzgIzZáZk)gŠ(
eÐgŠ(e~Ô4ŠZ¾Æîg6,áïƒMhXZk§bÆ6,z¤/Zx˵"ƃDT~2äÆWÑ]ÔñZŠZzg@Ze$zgZÉðÐ0WÑ]ÌáïƒDEÔZlxZzgm~‡.Þ°pƒDZzgZy~”VZzg(,zVÅ5(¢zgc*]Ã7gZ™äÅZq̃CìXZy»»[ziZg]Ɗ؃ñ»[ÐZƒ@*ìÔLrg].h+»[ÐÌZƒ@*
ìZzg].h+§i»ÌX
Z+YZziÐ%ZŠòZzgÎZÑZò°ìZL )u»g~°)Z+YZzi(: /oÅÓ#ÖÅæZìÆ%»x™CX
ZkÐ%ZŠZ‚E+{Æ´z{z{ZÛZŠZk(6,z¤/Zx~áïc* Šv’)Ïî0½: /çzyƒDXZyZÛZŠ~jßVÆ4zZ,gÔZ‚E+{Æ!›Ð)4èGEÔ(ZfZyÔ»[úŠ¶zZáÔjßVÆ°uÔÇgeÔ!*zgcZzgÌð»oz){áïX
£g~½~ÁÜ»Zq-ù·áïƒ@*ìXZ¤/pZk~qgzfs £g~½: /(‡.Þ 2 (IÅôpZzg‚iÇgc) 1 ZâYáïpZy»ŠZ],{ŒVJ-özŠ7)
(ŠgkzD+göÆaoƒñZŠ 3 ZzgF,šMc*CZ‚E+{XÅ*y6,»ïŠ,kƒ)(¯kÅoƒ®ZŠXdZãßg‹qw~£g~ 5 (½ÆaÑǧT»g) 4)
½Zq-gŠZ:(c‡ì™CìT~ôÔöÔ!u¤/ñVÅF,¹Ô‚B„
127 vY]
(u¤/ñV»ZZYXÅãCŠ7,JðÔ–ðÔZ°ZŠÑg~Zzg{q~6,g¿YCì@*IzZá:ÜsZL{~'g]qÝ™ÃÉYZzg#R6,VÆöZzg
ZKã-Æ¿ÐÌ$ÃX
: ÷½óÐ%ZŠH5ŠHÔ¾§b5ŠHZzgñW,½»H£gå?½Ã!*Ñ ½ /´¯äÆa£ògzZc*]ZzgZŠZgzVÔµpDZqwÔZ+ÆÂxZzgñ‹Å /
¢zgc*]Ã(6,z¤/ZñVøwîsZ=]¢zgc*]Ð%1oHY@*ìXÃñ‹ÂuJ-7gZ7™CZzgw~”V»ZyÐzZô7,@*ìX
:ZkZ˜bÐ%ZŠYzpDøzñV)øwYÔèIZzg Sà(¢zgc*] /çÙZqÐi(ÆDg¥ZzgSàmzg-V)øwf6ÔKãZzg_.!*C(ÆqïZÛZŠƒDX
:³~z{ßvZzg¤/z\áïƒD˺m¿ZzgZkÆ}ò ³ /~7VŠpgnpƒVZzgZkÐOW,ƒDƒVX
:Zq-Z*ŠgŠ(6,z¤/Zx»Z2ËXyc*)gŠ(6,z¤/Zx»œª»gc* Z‚E+{ /âöƒYìÔpZ{ZkägŠF,šMqÝŃc*7X {
XZŠZg{',Zñ(0*ŒZ·m,:¤/Zf$jw',Zñ½zZKãF,¹ÔÛz¼ 4
0*GZg(F,¹»ŠzCÙZ"g : Ñ•ÔÂ]4üGLg‚ðhttp://www.edpolicy.gwu.edu/resources/enhancing/part_b.html
128 vY]
¸÷³Æ‹tÅY+$Âx;ñ»góÃV 1998 XzZ×ÔKZzg!5¼BèGEEZ+ÔZp) 5
ZÝ)Z(ÕiZzgÕiŵ/È~»_$œî J:egZày6,öÔZzgàzÔjgi+c*
vY]:2v
jZ!Y]zâ~.Z]Æ™6,zZµãCŠ~ INEE ik,¿zd$‚V$6,ñŠgzZ*~ÐZ¤/ÃðÌ»x:™}Â',Z{™x
jZ!YCZzg@*G~ñZŠÐgq™,˜Vzd$‚V$¯x6,gzZ*Å@*i{»g~ƒCgSìX http://ineesite.org/core/default.asp
Àòâ~.Z]Aguilar, Pilar and Gonzalo Retamal (1998), Rapid Educational Response
in Complex Emergencies, Geneva: International Bureau of Education.
http://ineesite.org/core/default.asp
ë{**ãzZu]Åßg]qwÆZ[~u#(u¤/xVÔ„Z:ÎZÑZò(çgzBethke, Lynne and Scott Braunschweig (2004), Global Survey on
Education in Emergencies, Women’s Commission for Refugee Women
and Children.
http://www.womenscommission.org/pdf/Ed_Emerg.pdf
**ãzZu]Åßg]qw~½6,¬@uz}
129 vY]
Boyden, Jo with Paul Ryder (1996), Implementing the Right to Education
in Areas of Armed Conflict, Oxford.
http://meltingpot.fortunecity.com/lebanon/254/boyden.htm
©£ŠxÆ´‘Y]~”w½Æh6,cgWæ™Z**Brookings Institution (1999), Handbook for Applying the Guiding
Principles of Internal Displacement.
http://www.brook.edu/fp/projects/idp/articles/guiding.htm
Š4ÂTÆgÉZßßVÃZC™"y£òZÛZŠÅW!*Š»g~Ãe¯**Crisp, Jeff, Christopher Talbot and Daiana Cipollone (eds.) (2001),
Learning for a Future: Refugee Education in Developing Countries,
Geneva: UNHCR.
http://www.unhcr.ch/pubs/epau/learningfuture/learningtoc.htm
”w½',Zñw:F,¹5+k,´~@*gWzíÆa½âCÙ+½Å£?Æ**xŠg`fsX
• Education in emergencies – Margaret Sinclair
/**ãzZu]Åßg]qw~(u¤/xV• On school quality and attainment – James H.Williams
/ç5]jwÔpçVZzg»%ZEVÆ:©~• Improving quality and attainment in refugee schools: the case of the
Bhutanese refugees in Nepal – Timothy Brown
/@*gWzíÆajßV~pçVZzg»%ZEV»Ûzr:{Cw~ÈN*ã'+Æ
130 vY]
ç5]• Peace education and refugee youth – Marc Sommers
/ZðzZâyÐé½ZzgâZV'+• Vocational training for refugees: a case study from Tanzania – Erik Lyby
/@*gWzíÆa&zgZ:F,šM:ÝZ6~g„ÆË~‡.Þ¿%:INEE, Technical Resource Kit for Emergency Education.
http://ineesite.org/about/team_LMR.asp
(A digital copy can be ordered free of charge on the INEE website and is
included on the INEE CD-ROM Technical Kit.)
Z\Ò½Æa}â~.–Inter-Agency Standing Committee (2002), Growing the Sheltering Tree:
Protecting Rights through Humanitarian Action. NewYork: UNICEF.
http://www.icva.ch/files/shelteringtree.pdf
uoÅ›ú:ZKyŠz„ZŠZgÆfg)£t»DNicolai, Susan (2003), Education in Emergencies: A Tool Kit for Starting
and Managing Education in Emergencies, Save the Children UK.
http://ineesite.org/core/default.asp
Z\Ò~½:Z\Ò~½ÆW¸iZzgZÐ',ŒÛZggppÆaZq-Iw–Nicolai, Susan and Carl Triplehorn (2003), The Role of Education in
Protecting Children in Conflict, Humanitarian Practice Network Paper
no. 42.
131 vY]
http://www.odihpn.org/pdfbin/networkpaper042.pdf
£Šx~”VÃDÛZë™äÆjZáн»™ŠZgPigozzi, Mary Jane (1999), Education in Emergencies and Reconstruction:
A Developmental
Approach,Working Paper Series, New York: UNICEF.
http://www.unicef.org/girlseducation/EducEmerg.PDF
Z\Ò~½Zzgyâ:Zq-F,ªCNÃSinclair, Margaret (2002), Planning Education In and After Emergencies,
Fundamentals of Educational Planning vol. 73, Paris: UNESCO IIEP.
www.unesco.org/iiep/eng/publications/pubs.htm
Z\ÒÆŠzgZyZzgSkƽÆaµ/È~Ô(µ/È~ÆZßwSinclair, Margaret and Carl Triplehorn (2001), Matrix of Activities and
Support Needed for Implementing an Emergency Education Program.
http://www.ineesite.org/core/matrix.asp
Z\Ò(6,z¤/ZxÆÎfÆa¾èu¤/xVZzgçz-$Smith, Alan and Tony Vaux (2002), Education and Conflict, London:
Department for International Development.
http://ineesite.org/core/default.asp
½Zzg£ŠxSommers, Marc (2001), Youth: Care and Protection of Children in
Emergencies: A Field Guide, Save the Children USA.
132 vY]
http://ineesite.org/core/default.asp
âZy:Z\Ò~”VżZ“ZzgZy»DSommers, Marc (2002), Children, Education and War: Reaching
Education for All (EFA) Objectives in Countries Affected by
Conflict,World Bank, Conflict Prevention and Reconstruction Unit.
http://www.eldis.org/static/DOC15001.htm
½ƒÆaJ-g‚ðÆ£œ (EFA) aÔ½ZzgkB:£ŠxÐOW,{´~Sommers, Marc (2003), The Education Imperative, Educating Refugee
Children, Academy for Educational Development and Women’s
Commission for Refugee Women and Children.
www.aed.org/ToolsandPublications/upload/EducationImperative.pdf
½ÅZÌÔ@*gWzíÆ”Výо{q™**Sphere Project (2004), Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in
Disaster Response, Geneva: The Sphere Project.
http://www.sphereproject.org
dZyÆZ!¿ÆaZKyŠz„šgZzgÀò£gZ]Triplehorn, Carl (2001), Education: Care and Protection of Children in
Emergencies: A Field Guide, Save the Children USA.
http://ineesite.org/core/default.asp
Z\Ò~”VżZ“ZzgZy»DUnited Nations (1989), Convention on the Rights of the Child, New York,
133 vY]
UN. http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/k2crc.htm
”VÆ£t6,FF.šUnited Nations (1998), Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, from
UN document E/CN.4/1998/53/Add.2, 11 February 1998.
http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu2/7/b/principles.htm#*
£ò"yZÛZŠÆagÉZßwUnited Nations (2000), Millennium Development Goals, New York, UN.
http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/
Z@ZsÔEc*gu !5Ò54-ê GGEGF,ªC
United Nations (2000), United Nations Millennium Declaration, New
York, UN. http://www.un.org/millennium/declaration/ares552e.htm
ZZx{»!5Ò54-ê GGEGZ´ð
UNESCO (2000), The Dakar Framework for Action: Education for
All:Meeting Our Collective Commitments, derived from the World
Education Forum proceedings, Dakar. Paris: UNESCO.
http://www.unesco.org/education/efa/ed_for_all/dakfram_eng.shtml
eZ»gÛ*zgu',ZñZŠZâ]:½ƒÆa:ZKù¦f)ŠZg-VÐÇ{',Wƒ**UNESCO (2002), Education for All: An International Strategy to Put the
Dakar Framework for Action on Education for All into Operation, Paris:
UNESCO.
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001266/126631eo.pdf
134 vY]
½ƒÆa:eZ»gÛ*zgu6,Œø»]',Zñ½ƒÆaÅZq-ÎZÑZòÕiÃg%:ZC**
UNESCO (2003), Guidelines for Education in Situations of Emergency
and Crisis: EFA Strategic Planning, UNESCO.
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001282/128214e.pdf
Z\ÒZzgdZyÅßg]qw~½ÆagÉ@Zc*]:½ƒÆaÅÕiZzgµ/È~UNESCO (2000), Thematic Study on Education in Situations of
Emergency and Crisis: Assessment EFA 2000, Paris: UNESCO
Emergency Education Assistance Unit. www.unesco.org
½ƒÆa EFA2000 Åï:Y,{ Thematic Z\ÒZzgdZyÅßg]qw~½6,UNHCR (1994), Refugee Children: Guidelines on Protection and Care,
UNHCR. http://www.unhcr.ch
'a:ZyżZ“ZzgDÆagÉ@Zc*]UNHCR (2003), Revised Education Field Guidelines, Geneva: UNHCR.
http://ineesite.org/core/default.asp
ÃU*ã”{($gÉ@Zc*]UNHCR (1995), Revised Guidelines for Educational Assistance to
Refugees, Geneva: UNHCR. http://www.unhcr.ch/
'+Å(çz-$ÆaÃU*ã”{gÉ@Zc*]UNHCR and Save the Children (2000), Action for the Rights of Children
(ARC): Education, Critical Issues, Geneva.
135 vY]
http://http://www.unhcr.ch/cgibin/ texis/vtx/home/open
doc.pdf?tbl=PROTECTION&id=3bb821334&page=PROTECT
:½Ô™)b (ARC) ”VÆ£tÆaZŠZâ]UNICEF (1999), Humanitarian Principles Training: A Child Rights
Protection Approach to Complex Emergencies, UNICEF.
http://coe-dmha.org/unicef/unicef2fs.htm
ZKyŠz„ZßßVÅF,šM:»”w:ë{ßg]qw~”VÆDÆ£t»NÃWorking Group on Children Affected by Armed Conflict and
Displacement (1996), Promoting Psychosocial Well-Being Among
Children Affected by Armed Conflict and Displacement: Principles
and Approaches, Geneva: International Save the Children Alliance.
http://www.savethechildren.org/publications/psychsocwellbeing2.pdf
"yZzg©£ŠxÐOW,{”VÅ;CzY4~»Ûzr:ZßwZzgNÃ
ñ‹ÅÑ•Xhttp://www.ineesite.org/assess/default.asp
INEE Good Practice Guides – Assessment, Monitoring and Evaluation.
ÅY+$Ð7™Š{ZŒ‡.Þ¿gÉ@Zc*]:Y,{ÔôZãZzgøá INEE
http://www.ineesite.org/assess/com_part.asp
136 vY]
INEE Good Practice Guides – Community Participation in Assessment
and Development of Education Programmes.
(6,z¤/ZxÆÛzrZzgY,{Æ¿ : ÅY+$Ð7™Š{ZŒ‡.Þ¿gÉ@Zc*] INEE
~Ý‹ÅÑ•http://www.ineesite.org/edstruc/manage.asp
INEE Good Practice Guides – Education Structures and Management:
Education Systems Management.
ÅY+$Ð7™Š{ZŒ‡.Þ¿gÉ@Zc*]:(eJ‘ÅúZzgZOðÔ( INEE
Âx»Èznhttp://www.ineesite.org/training/committee.asp
INEE Good Practice Guides – Training and Capacity Building:
Community Education Committees.
ÅY+$Ð7™Š{ZŒ‡.Þ¿gÉ@Zc*]:F,šMZzgZ¦ZŠ»g»Ûzr:ñ‹Å INEE
(ÌVhttp://www.fao.org/documents/show_cdr.asp?url_
file=/DOCREP/006/AD346E/AD346E00.HTM
Jain, S.P. Polman, Wim (2003) A Handbook for Trainers on
Participatory Local Development, FAO Regional Office for Asia and the
Pacific. Bangkok, Thailand.
ÑZÇF,¹6,F,šM»gzVZzgÑ»YÆ_·Æa £ò FAO Z¨ZzgdZÃIÆ´‡ðŠÃF,Zq-Š4Â^
137 vY]
http://www.unesco.org/education/pdf/11_197.pdf
Shaeffer, Hseldon (1994) Participation for Educational Change: A
Synthesis of Experience, IIEP, UNESCO.
(p=VÆjZáÐÑ•»¿:Š/6,FFZq-çÅúhttp://poverty.worldbank.org/library/view/14064/
Uemura, Mitsue (1999) Community Participation in Education:What Do
We Know? HDNED, World Bank.
½Æ¿~ñ‹ÅÑ•:Zke~…H¥â]qÝ?:http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/9241545194.pdf
World Health Organisation (1999) Community Emergency
A Manual f or Managers Preparedness and Policy-Makers, WHO
ÅZ\ÒÆa!»gc*V:Zq-Š4Â[',Zñ§Zzg0*Œ‚ipZ&z|Z] ñ‹
‹thttp://meltingpot.fortunecity.com/lebanon/254/boyden.htm
Boyden, jo with Paul Ryder (1996), Implementing the Right to Education
in Areas of Armed Conflict, Oxford.
©£ŠxÐOW,{´V~½Æ£t6,cgWæ™Z**Cosling, Louisa with Mike Ewards (1995) Toolkits: A Practical Guide to
Assessment, Monitoring, Review and Evaluation, London, Save the Children.
Iw„:Y,{Ô¼Z“ÔÃU*ãÔZzgøáÆZŠgZu6,ŒgÉiÂ[
138 vY]
http://www.ineesite.org/assess/default.asp
INEE Good Practice Guides – Assessment, Monitoring and Evaluation.
ÅY+$Ð7™Š{ZŒ‡.Þ¿gÉ@Zc*]:Y,{Ô¼Z“ÔZzgøá INEE
http://www.ineesite.org/assess/needs.asp
Assessing resource needs and capacities in an initial emergency:
/Z\ÒÆZ’Zð²á~z‚bÔ¢zgc*]ZzgZ¦ZŠ»Y,{http://www.ineesite.org/assess/schoolage.asp
Assessment of school-age children:
/jwYäÆÑë”V»Y,{http://www.ineesite.org/assess/ex_school.asp
Assessment of out-of-school youth and youth leaders:
/jw:WäzZáâZy”VZzgZyÆ7gzV»Y,{http://www.ineesite.org/assess/com_needs.asp
Assessing and analysing community non-formal educational needs:
/ñ‹Å)gŠ(¢zgc*]»‹tZzgY,{http://www.ineesite.org/assess/partner.asp
Partner assessment and selection:
/Ñq-»g»Y,{ZzgZN[http://www.ineesite.org/assess/monitor.asp
Monitoring systems for emergency education:
/Z\Ò½ÆaôZã»Âx
139 vY]
http://www.ineesite.org/assess/data.asp
School data and information systems:
/jwÆÃZZzg¥â]»Âxhttp://www.interaction.org/protection/index.html
InterAction Working Protection Group (2004), Making Protection A
Priority: A Guidebook for Incorporating Protection into Data Collection in
Humanitarian Assistance, InterAction.
DÃF,ߊb:ZKyŠz„ZÛZŠÅY+$ЬzyÆK~¦™Š{ÃZÆZ0+gZ`ÃDÐ%1o™äÆagÉÂ^
http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/cida_ind.nsf/0/02e83504b7a
1b1c085256bb900800f8b?OpenDocument
Isaac,Annette(2002) Education, Conflict and Peacebuilding: A
Diagnostic Tool, CIDA.
½Ô£ŠxZzgZðzZây»ªx:œIwJohannessen, Eva Marion (2001), Guidelines for Evaluation of Education
Projects in Emergency Situations, Oslo, Norwegian Refugee Council.
Z\Òßg]qw~(6,zÅøáÆagÉ@Ze$**óhttp://www.ineesite.org/core/steps.pdf
Nicolai, Susan (2003), Steps in Planning’ within Education in
Emergencies: A Tool Kit for Starting and Managing Education in
Emergencies, Save the Children.
140 vY]
Z\Ò~(¿ÃYg~gnpƒñµ/È~Æe~ZŠZâ]:Z\ÒÆŠzgZy½Ñzq™äZzgZÐ',ŒÛZggppÆúZïÅIw–
www.odihpn.org/publist.asp.
Nicolai, Susan and Carl Triplehorn (2003), The immediately, sooner, later
matrix of response’. Annex 1 in The Role of Education in Protecting
Children in Conflict, Network Page 42, London; HPN.
~£ŠxДVÃDÛZë™äÆ¿~½»™ŠZg 1 š@*íÔg~Ôâg›¿;vOECD(2002), Glossary of Key Terms in Evaluation Results-Based
Management, Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness No. 6, Paris: OECD
}ò6,FFZOxZzgøáÆaã~Z˜q]ÅÛ}Rubin, F.(1995), A Basic Guide to Evaluation for Development Workers,
Oxford: Oxfam.
F,ªC»ñV~zs»g.VÅøáÆaZq-ãCŠ~@Ze$**)Save the Children (2002), Measuring London: Save the Children.
Change in Education, SC UK Quality Education Guidelines,
London: Save the Children.
½~p~ÅeöSave the Children (2002), Guidelines for Emergency Preparedness
Planning, London: Save the Children.
Z\Ò~!»g~ŵ/È~Æa@Ze$**)
141 vY]
g‚ðZzg(âjwBergeron, G. and J. Del Rosso (2001), Food for Education Indicator
Guide,
www.pronutrition.org/files/Food%20for%20Education
%20Indicators%20Measurement%20Guide.pdf
(ZágZ]ÇàÆapgZuBracken, P. and C. Petty (eds.) (1998), Rethinking the Trauma of War,
London: Save the Children.
kBÅqªiZg6,Ziuâgz„INEE Good Practice Guides – Assessment, Monitoring and Evaluation
• School site/environmental assessment:
http://www.ineesite.org/assess/site.asp
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**óXY,{ÔôZãZzgøá INEE
/jw»YñzqZzgâj1CøáINEE Good Practice Guides – Education Structures and Management
• Clothing and hygiene:
http://www.ineesite.org/edstruc/clothing.asp
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**óX(eJ‘ZzgZOð INEE
/ÛZb]kZzg¡¬):INEE Good Practice Guides – Inclusive Education
142 vY]
• Toward full participation:
http://www.ineesite.org/inclusion/participation.asp
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**óX½ÆÑ] INEE
/åÑ•ÅY+$• Gender equality/girls’ and women’s education:
http://www.ineesite.org/inclusion/gender.asp
±YVZzgúgÂVÆa7V½ / /½ÆjZáÐ)zZ]• Adult ex-combatants and child soldiers:
http://www.ineesite.org/inclusion/soldiers.asp
/!*Úgð],e§Zzg^Y
• Children in especially difficult circumstances:
http://www.ineesite.org/inclusion/difficult.asp
/z{aSàîg6,Âßg]qwЊzegƒV
• Persons with disabilities:
http://www.ineesite.org/inclusion/disabled.asp
/mzgZÛZŠINEE Good Practice Guides – School Environment and Supplies
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**óXjw»âjwZzgað INEE
• Student learning materials:
http://www.ineesite.org/school/materials.asp
/CÆa(‚iz‚ây
143 vY]
• School seating and school furniture:
http://www.ineesite.org/school/seating.asp
/jw~ÒVZzgÛo»ÈznSchool and educational equipment:
http://www.ineesite.org/school/equip.asp
/jwZzg(WÑ]Shelter and school construction:
http://www.ineesite.org/school/shelter.asp
/g;öZzgjwÅyChild-friendly spaces:
http://www.ineesite.org/school/friendly.asp
/”VÆañizVÇSafety and security measures:
http://www.ineesite.org/school/safety.asp
/DZzg™õZŠZâ]Water and sanitation:
http://www.ineesite.org/school/water.asp
/0*ãZzgÌð_Zð»ZOxSchool feeding:
http://www.ineesite.org/school/feeding.asp
/jw~3äÅW»Èzn
144 vY]
INEE Good Practice Guides – Training and Capacity Building
• The roles of national NGOs:
http://www.ineesite.org/training/ngo.asp
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**óXF,šMZzgZ¦ZŠ»g»Ûzr INEE
/¸ò)u»g~¡V»™ŠZgLoury, MaryAnne and A. Ager (2001), The Refugee Experience:
Psychosocial Training Module, Oxford: Refugee Studies Centre, revised
editionhttp://www.earlybird.qeh.ox.ac.uk/rfgex/
'+»Š/:;CzYF,mâe-wNicolai, Susan (2003), ‘Project Approaches,’ within Education in
Emergencies: A Tool Kit for Starting and Managing Education in
Emergencies, Save the Children UK.
http://www.ineesite.org/core/approaches.pdf
Z\Ò~½ÆŠzgZì÷þ÷6,z»NÃóó:Z\Ò~½Ñzq™äZzgZÐ',ŒÛZggppÆaIw–
Tolfree, David (1996), Restoring Playfulness: Different Approaches to
Assisting Children Who Are Psychologically Affected by War or
Displacement, Rädda Barnen, Sweden.
pl'×ZYbw™**:z{akBÐOW,Zzg"yƒäÆË~;CªÐŠzeg ZyÅæŠÆaZZ0+Zi„ZC**@*z{ZkZfe$Ð]0*Ã
World Food Programme (2001), School Feeding Works for Girls’
145 vY]
Education, Rome, WFP. www.wfp.org
jw~½qÝ™äzZà±YVÆa3äÅW»ÈznWorld Food Programme, Planning for School Feeding in the Emergency
Setting – Situation Analysis, Designing the Programme and
Implementation, WFP. www.wfp.org
jw~3äÅWÆÈznŵ/È~Xßg]qw»‹tX6,z¤/ZxÅem,Zí»g~ZzgZk6,cgWæ™Z**
World Health Organisation (2003), Mental Health in Emergencies,
Geneva: WHO http://www.who.int/disasters/repo/8656.pdf
Z\ÒÆŠzgZyOW,+ÅŠâ©¡
D+göZzg½Baxter, Pamela (2001), INEE Peace Education Kit, within the Technical
Resource Kit for Emergency Education, INEE. (A digital copy can be
ordered free of charge on the INEE website and is included on the INEE
CD-ROM Technical
Kit.)http://www.ineesite.org/about/team_LMR.asp
ZðÅqï(–7ÅTÆfg)}â~.ZEw™DƒñZ\Ò~½ INEE
Š~Y$ËìXBoyden, Jo with Paul Ryder (1996), Implementing the Right to Education
in Areas of Armed Conflict, Oxford
146 vY]
http://meltingpot.fortunecity.com/lebanon/254/boyden.htm
©£ŠxÐOW,{´V~½Æ£t6,cgWæ™Z**Brochmann, Helge et al (2001), Human Rights: A Teacher’s Guide, Oslo:
Norwegian Refugee Council. http://ineesite.org/core/default.asp
ZKã£t:@Ze$**)',ZñyBush, Kenneth D. and Diana Saltarelli (eds.) (2000), The Two Faces of
Education in Ethnic Conflict: Towards a Peacebuilding Education For
Children, UNICEF Innocenti Insight.
http://www.unicef-icdc.org/publications/pdf/insight4.pdf
#¤/zƒV~£ŠxÆË~½ÆŠzCÙ}£g6,ZÖgìw:”VÃZð‚i½Ð¾{q™**
INEE Good Practice Guides – Educational Content and Methodology
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**ó:(ñZŠZzgZßà§i»g INEE
Training teachers to meet psychosocial needs:
http://www.ineesite.org/edcon/psy_soc.asp
/;C¢zzgÂVÃ7gZ™äÆaZ‚E+{ÅF,šM
Curriculum and testing:
http://www.ineesite.org/edcon/curriculum.asp
/»!ÃZzgYõ»g~Revising and negotiating the curriculum:
http://www.ineesite.org/edcon/revise_curr.asp
147 vY]
/»!Ã6,ÃU*ãZzg!*]’ALife skills and complementary education programmes (health education,
landmine awareness, peace education):
http://www.ineesite.org/edcon/life_skills.asp
/ZKã'g'Zz:(6,z¤/Zx)½Ô¡Ô!*gzŠ~uùVÐWÇ„ÔZðŽ(Early childhood development:
http://www.ineesite.org/edcon/early.asp
/”VÆZ’ZðÅg»ÛzrSecondary school education:
http://www.ineesite.org/edcon/second.asp
/U*â~jwŽTertiary education – university, colleges and vocational schools:
http://www.ineesite.org/edcon/tertiary.asp
/½ÆZŒ%Zi:»ÒÔ-Eg;Zzg&zgZ:jwCommunity information campaigns:
http://www.ineesite.org/edcon/com_info.asp
/ñ‹Å¥â]ÐWÇ„ÅîAdult education:
http://www.ineesite.org/edcon/adult.asp
/½!*¸VOut-of-school programmes:
148 vY]
http://www.ineesite.org/edcon/out_school.asp
/jwÐ!*CÙ)»!6,z¤/ZxINEE Good Practice Guides – Education Structures and Management
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**ó:(eJ‘ZzgZOð: INEE
School administration:
http://www.ineesite.org/edstruc/admin.asp
/jwÅZOðINEE Good Practice Guides – School Environment and Supplies
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**ó:jw»âjwZzgað INEE
School supplies and teaching materials:
http://www.ineesite.org/school/supplies.asp
/jwÆaŠvaðZzD+g+ñZŠINEE Learning Materials Task Group (2001), Teaching – Learning
Materials for Education in Situations of Emergency and Crisis: An
Overveiw , INEE. www.ineesite.orgINEE
D+göXdZyZzgZ\ÒÅßg]qw~(ñZŠInter-Agency Standing Committee (2003), Revised Guidelines for
HIV/AIDS Interventions in Emergency Settings, United Nations.
http://www.humanitarianinfo.org/iasc/IA
SC%20products/FinalGuidelines17Nov2003.pdf
´`çOÆaÃU*ã”{@Ze$**ó HIV/AIDS qw~ Z\ÒÅßg]
149 vY]
Lorey, Mark (2001), Child Soldiers: Care and Protection for Children in
Emergencies: A Field Guide, Save the Children, USA.
http://ineesite.org/core/default.asp
¯Ya:Z\Ò~”VżZ“ZzgD:Zq-$gÉÂ^Lowicki, Jane (2000), Untapped Potential: Adolescents Affected by
Armed Conflict. A Review of Programs and Policies, Women’s
Commission for Refugee Women and Children.
Zkã¸~z‚bJ-**g‚ð:©£ŠxÐOW,{!*ÚZÛZŠ:6,z¤/ZxZzg0*Œ»Y,{Lowicki, Jane (2004), Youth Speak Out: New Voices on the Protection
and Participation of Young People Affected by Armed Conflict, Women’s
Commission for Refugee Women and Children.
http://www.womenscommission.org/pdf/cap_youth.pdf
©£ŠxÐOW,âZy±Å™«ZzgZyÅÑ•ÆjZáÐ@*i{ " âZâVZKWzZiZVƒ " þF,+œZN
Lowicki, Jane (2004), Reference Guide: Adolescent and Youth
Education, Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children.
http://www.womenscommission.org/pdf/cap_ones.pdf
jZ!YCgÉÂ:½',Zñ!*¸yZzgâZy±McConnan, Isobel and S. Uppard (2001), Children Not Soldiers:
Guidelines for Working with Child Soldiers and Children Associated with
Fighting Forces, London: Save the Children.
150 vY]
http://www.reliefweb.int/library/documents/2002/sc-children-dec01.htm
a:¯`:¯Y”VZzgJg[ÂVÐzZh”VÆ‚B»x™äÆa@Ze$**óNicolai, Susan (2003), ‘Framework for Learning’ within Education in
Emergencies: A Tool Kit for Starting and Managing Education in
Emergencies, Save the Children, UK.
http://www.ineesite.org/core/framework.pdf
Z\Ò~½ÆŠzgZy”w½ÆaÛ*zgu::Z\Ò~½Ñzq™äZzgZÐ',ŒÛZggppÅIw–
Norwegian Refugee Council (with UNESCO-PEER) (2000), Teacher
Emergency Package: Teacher’s Guide: Basic Literacy, Numeracy and
Themes for Everyday Living, Norwegian Refugee Council
http://ineesite.org/about/TTLMBKLT.pdf
Z\Ò‡',ñZ‚E+{:gÉÂ',ZñZ‚E+{:ãCŠ~pZ0+ÏÔgzi%{i0+ÏÆaѧ]ZzgZ°ZŠÑg~
Norwegian Refugee Council (2000), Teacher Emergency Package:
Trainer’s Support Manual, Norwegian Refugee Council
http://ineesite.org/about/TTLMBKLT.pdf
Z\Ò‡',ñZ‚E+{:çzygÉÂ',ZñF,šM»gNorwegian Refugee Council (2001), Strategies: Spearheading Core
Activities in Phases of Conflict. One organisation’s definition of
emergency scenarios and programming opportunities.
151 vY]
http://www.ineesite.org/core/core_act1.asp
ÕqV:£ŠxÆ%ZiÆŠzgZyãCŠ~u¤/ñV»ÛzrSave the Children (1999), Mines – Beware! Starting to Teach Children
Safe Behaviour, Rädda Barnen, Sweden.
!*gzŠ~u4:ZyЊZgg:”VÃZK™«»gztZC䎊¶»W¸i™**XTawil, Sobhi and Alexandra Harley (2002), Curriculum Change and
Social Cohesion in Conflict- Affected Societies, report of technical
meeting, UNESCO IBE. http://www.seeeducoop.
net/education_in/pdf/curric_change_social_cohesion-bih_enl_t05.pdf
»[~p~Zzg£ŠxÐOW,{çÑzV~YzZÕTawil, Sobhi and Alexandra Harley (eds.) (2004), Education, Conflict .
and Social Cohesion (Studies in Comparative Education),
Geneva:UNESCO IBE.
½Ô£ŠxZzgYzZÕ)½ÆjZáÐñZi:6,FF_·(UNESCO, Teacher Emergency Package (TEP) with links to the TEP for
Angola and the UNICEFUNESCO TEP Programme in Rwanda.
http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php-
URL_ID=13446&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
Ô',Zñ (TEP ) ìgzZ*ì.Z\Ò‡',ZñZ‚E+{ (TEP) Z\Ò‡',ZñZ‚E+{6,z¤/Zx',Zñgz&+Z (TEP) UNESCO-UNICEF ZùÑZzg
UNHCR (2001), HIV/AIDS Education for Refugee Youth: The Window
152 vY]
of Hope, Geneva, UNHCR.
ZyÆŠg : ÐvÅ{§½»Èzn HIV/AIDS 'âZâVÆaUNICEF, International Guidelines for Landmine and Unexploded
Ordnance Awareness Education, New York, UNICEF.
http://members.iinet.net.au/~pictim/mines/unicef/mineawar.pdf
!*gzŠ~uùVZzgÔzZá!*gzŠ~ñZŠÐvÅ{§½ÐWÇ„ÅÎZÑZògÉ@Zc*]UNICEF, UNESCO,WHO and the World Bank (2000), Focusing
Resources on Effective School Health: A FRESH Start to Enhancing the
Quality and Equity of Education, New York, UNICEF.
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001240/124086mo.pdf
jw~¡ÆjZáÐñW,z‚b6,Šb:)z~Ñ•ZzgZkÆ£gÃ'×h+4¯äÆaW¸iâ
Welbourn, Alice (1995), Stepping Stones: A Training Package on
HIV/AIDS, Communication and Relationship Skills, London, ActionAid.
þhttp://www.steppingstonesfeedback.org/index.htm
ÔZšrZzgmÅ'gÂVÆaZq-F,m‡ HIV/AIDS:
Z‚E+{ZzgŠv(†]INEE Good Practice Guides – Assessment, Monitoring and Evaluation •
Assessment of teacher/facilitator availability and capacity, including
selection:
153 vY]
http://www.ineesite.org/assess/teacher.asp
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**óXY,{ÔôZãZzgøá INEE
œª»gÅŠø7!ZzgZkŇ/ÔøwZN[ / /åÅZq»Z0+Zi{Î**INEE Good Practice Guides – Education Structures and Management
• School administration:
http://www.ineesite.org/edstruc/admin.asp
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**óX(eJ‘ZzgZOð INEE
/jwÅZOð• Compensation and payment of education staff:
http://www.ineesite.org/edstruc/payment.asp
/(pÅ9Z{Zzgçz£INEE Good Practice Guides – Training and Capacity Building
• Certification and accreditation:
http://www.ineesite.org/training/certificate.asp
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**óXF,šMZzgZ¦ZŠ»g»Ûzr INEE
/Z‹Š»ZZZzg(£gZ]Ť&Inter-Agency Standing Committee (2002), Plan of Action and Core
Principles of Codes of Conducts on Protection from Sexual Abuse and
Exploitation in Humanitarian Crisis, United Nations.
http://www.humanitarianinfo.org/iasc/poasexualexploitation.doc
Ë»xÅuZxŠ„Æaµ/‚i~ZzgÒƒ‹ÅÐDZzgdZyЊzegZK+MÃ
154 vY]
Z¡wÐXäÆaŸ‚ZÜtÆãCŠ~ZßwZzgµ/¿
0*ŒZzggZ‚»g~INEE Good Practice Guides – Education Structures and Management
• School fees:
http://www.ineesite.org/edstruc/fees.asp
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**óX(eJ‘ZzgZOðX INEE
/jwÅ:• Repatriation and reintegration:
http://www.ineesite.org/edstruc/repatriate.asp
/zZ3»¿ZzgŠz!*g{ËqINEE Good Practice Guides – Training and Capacity Building
• Pre-service, in-service, in the school:
http://www.ineesite.org/training/service.asp
ÆZŒ‡.Þ¿@Ze$**óXF,šMZzgZ¦ZŠ»g»Ûzr INEE
/uzkÐIÔŠzgZyuzkZzgjw~• Teacher observation and lesson planning:
http://www.ineesite.org/training/observation.asp
/å»x@{Zzg$ŵ/È~On-site teacher training and support – mobile trainers and mentors:
155 vY]
http://www.ineesite.org/training/on_site.asp
/Wy‚V$åÅF,šMZzgçz-$Xñ!*bF,šM»gZzgZ@*Ý• The role of national government:
http://www.ineesite.org/training/government.asp
/¸òÓ䙊Zg• The roles of international NGOs:
http://www.ineesite.org/training/int_ngo.asp
/ÎZÑZò)u»g~ZŠZgzV»™ŠZg• The roles of UN agencies:
http://www.ineesite.org/training/un.asp
/ZZx{ÆZŠZgzV»™ŠZgSommers, Marc (2004), Co-ordinating Education During Emergencies
Challenges and Responsibilities, Education in and Reconstruction:
Studies. Paris: Emergencies and Reconstruction: Thematic Policy
UNESCO IIEP.
Z\ÒZzgyâÆŠzgZy(u¤/ñVÆagZ‚»g~:½Zzgf)ŠZgc*V
ZÖgÎ 3v:»zgå¤/z\ INEE uòqÑ]~Àò(£gZ]Æa
156 vY]
INEE Working Group on Minimum Standards for Education in
Emergencies
CARE Canada (Nancy Drost) * CARE USA (Hassan Mohammed) *
Catholic Relief Services (Mike Pozniak and Christine Carneal) *
International Rescue Committee (Rebecca Winthrop and
Wendy Smith) * Norwegian Church Aid (Birgit Villumstad) * Norway UN
Association/ Norwegian Refugee Council (Helge Brochmann) * Refugee
Education Trust (Tim Brown) * Save the Children UK (Susan Nicolai) *
Save the Children USA (Christine Knudsen) * UNESCO
(Christopher Talbot) * UNHCR (Nemia Temporal) * UNICEF (Pilar Aguilar) *
World Education/The Consortium (Fred Ligon)
ˆg~š',ZñÀò(£gZ]TÆazgå¤/z\»ªx¿~Wc*
Transition team for establishing a Working Group on
Minimum Standards
CARE USA (Jane Benbow) * Catholic Relief Services (Mike Pozniak) *
Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies (Nancy Drost) * The
International Rescue Committee (Wendy Smith) * Norwegian Refugee
Council (Eldrid Midttun) * Save the Children Alliance (Susan Nicolai) *
Save the Children USA (Christine Knudsen)
Àò£gZ]Ƨi»gÆaZæZŠŠ¶zZáZŠZg}Donors to the minimum standards process
157 vY]
Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) * Swedish International
Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA) * International Rescue
Committee * International Save the Children
Alliance * Save the Children Norway * UNESCO * UNHCR * UNICEF *
World Bank.
®8-¤/z\ÆZg»y INEE
INEE Steering Group members
CARE International * International Rescue Committee * International Save
the Children Alliance * Norwegian Refugee Council * UNESCO * UNHCR *
UNICEF * World Bank
óR,f$ INEE
INEE Secretariat
Allison Anderson, Focal Point on Minimum Standards (hosted by the
International Rescue Committee)
Beverly Roberts, Network Coordinator (hosted by UNESCO)
Goeril Tomren, Assistant Network Coordinator (hosted by UNESCO)
ƾŠyÇy INEE
INEE Donors
CARE USA * The International Save the Children Alliance * The Mellon
Foundation * Norwegian Agency for Development (NORAD) * Norwegian
Ministry of Foreign Affairs * UNESCO * UNHCR * UNICEF * World Bank
158 vY]
´‡ðxzgCqzÎRegional Consultation Delegates
*=Consultation Host
(OC)=Regional Consultation Organising Committee member
ZÛiÆù¦xzgCZg»yzZŠZg}Africa Collective Consultation
(Nairobi, Kenya, 21-23 January 2004, hosted by CARE Canada
and Norwegian Church Aid): Catherine Arnesen, Norwegian Refugee
Council, Liberia; Jean-Marie Mukoka Betukameso, Service Centrale
Education à la Vie/UNFPA, DRC; Mudiappasamy Devadoss, Ph.D.,
UNESCO PEER, Kenya; Mike Foley, Jesuit Refugee Services, Sudan;
Martha Hewison,Windle Trust International/Hugh Pilkington Charitable
Trust, Uganda; Vick Shiverenje Ikobwa, UNHCR Kenya; Joyce Ishengoma,
CARE Tanzania; Davidson Oboyah Jonah, Christian
Children’s Fund Sierra Leone; Celestin Kamori Banga, Norwegian Refugee
Council DRC; M.R. Warue Kariuki (OC), Save the Children UK, Kenya;
Thomas Ngolo Katta, Center for the Coordination of Youth Activities, Sierra
Leone; Levi Khamis, Norwegian Church Aid; Yoboue N’da Kouassi,
Ministry of Education, Cote d’Ivoire; Nderikyo Elizabeth Ligate, Southern
Africa Extension Unit, Tanzania; Elena Locatelli, AVSI (Associazione
Volontari Servizio Internazionale) Northern Uganda; Gilbert Sanya
Lukhoba,Windle Trust Kenya; Changu Mannathoko (OC),
UNICEF, Southern and Eastern Africa (Africa Organising Committee
159 vY]
member);Walter Matoke, Consultant; Clement Mhlanga, Save the Children
UK, Zimbabwe; Carlinda Maria Rodrigues Monteiro, Christian Children’s
Fund Angola; Neema Ndayishimiye, Ministry for National
Education, Burundi; Marangu Njogu, CARE Kenya; Mima Perisic, UNICEF
Sudan; Jolly Rubagiza, Kigali Institute of Education; Ibrahim Mohamed
Said, Ministry of Education, Somaliland; Seny Sylla, Ministry of
Education, Guinea; Christiana Thorpe, Forum for African Women
Educationalists, Sierra Leone; David Walker (OC), International Rescue
Committee Sierra Leone; Joyce Wanican, International Rescue Committee
Uganda; John Yuggu Tileyi, Catholic Relief Services Sudan; Kassaye
Yimer, CARE Ethiopia
INEE Working Group and Steering Group representatives:
Allison Anderson, INEE; Pamela Baxter, UNHCR; Helge Brochmann,
Norwegian Refugee Council; Tim Brown, Refugee Education Trust;
Christine Carneal, Catholic Relief Services; Nancy Drost*, CARE Canada;
Beverly Roberts, INEE; Birgit H. Villumstad*, Norwegian Church Aid
Z¨ZzgdZÃIÆù¦xzgCZg»yzZŠZg}Asia and Pacific Collective Consultation
(Kathmandu, Nepal, 21-23 April 2004, hosted by the
International Save the Children Alliance): Emmanuelle Abrioux (OC)*, Save
the Children, Nepal; Feny de los Angeles-Bautista, Community of Learners
Foundation and Philippine Children’s Television Foundation; Steve Aswin,
UNICEF Indonesia; Ranjinie Chandrika Jayewardene,
Commonwealth Education Fund, Sri Lanka; Helina Alia Dost, International
160 vY]
Rescue Committee Pakistan; Uaiporn Daodueanchai, Consortium Thailand
(World Education and World Learning);
Seema Gaikwad, Sphere India; Abdul Ghaffar, Save the Children USA,
Pakistan; Dr. Abdul Samad Ghafoori, UNICEF Afghanistan; Roza Gul,
Ockenden International, Pakistan; Mir Abdul Malik Hashemi, GTZ BEFARe
(Basic Education For Afghan Refugees), Pakistan; Ung Ngo Hok, Ministry
of Education, Youth and Sport, Cambodia; A.Z.M. Sakhawat Hossain,
BRAC Education Program, Government of Bangladesh Partnership Unit;
Teresita G. Inciong, Department of Education, Government of the
Philippines; Shakir Ishaq, BEFARe, Pakistan; Ingrid Iversen, International
Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) UNESCO; Umesh Kumar
Kattel,World Health Organisation, Nepal; Laxman Khanal, Department of
Education, Government of Nepal; Chirharu Kondu, UNICEF Nepal;
Samphre Llalungpa, UNICEF Nepal; Udaya Manandhar, Save the Children
USA, Nepal; Rachel McKinney (OC), International Rescue Committee
Afghanistan; N. Vinod Chandra Menon (OC), UNICEF India; Geeta S.
Menon, CARE India; Abdul Azis Muslim, Non Violence International and
Aceh Peace Education Program; Janardhan Nepal, Department of
Education, Government of Nepal; Patricia Omidian, Quaker Service,
Afghanistan;W. Sterling Perera, Education Consultant, Sri Lanka; Anna
Pinto, CORE (Centre for Organisation Research and Education), India;
Loknath Pokhrel, CARITAS Nepal; N.M. Prusty, Sphere India and CARE
India; Alexandra Pura, Oxfam Great Britain, Philippines Office; Kasturi
Sengupta, Catholic Relief Services, India; Helen Sherpa,World Education,
Nepal; Anil Sharma, Department of Education,
161 vY]
Government of Nepal; Sanjay Singh, Catholic Relief Services, India;
Deepesh Sinha, Disaster Mitigation Institute, Gujarat, India; Sarah Smith,
Concern Bangladesh; Marc van der Stouwe, ZOA Refugee Care, Thailand;
Dr. Sudiono, Ministry of Education, Indonesia; Anne Thomas,
Education and Community Development Consultant, Cambodia; Leela Raj
Upadhyay,World Food Program, Nepal
INEE Working Group representatives:
Allison Anderson, INEE; Helge Brochmann, Norwegian
Refugee Council; Christine Knudsen, Save the Children US*; Fred Ligon,
Consortium Thailand (World Education and World Learning); Susan
Nicolai*, Save the Children UK; Michael Pozniak,
Catholic Relief Services; Carl Triplehorn, Save the Children US*
ÑHZ%MZzgbZ],¾[Z:Æù¦xzgCZg»yzZŠZg}Latin America and Caribbean Collective Consultation
(Panama City, Panama 5-7 May 2004,
hosted by UNICEF): Fernando Jiovani Arias Morales, Fundación Dos
Mundos, Colombia; Luis Yezid Beltran Bautista, Project Counseling
Service, Colombia; Carmen Liliana Bieberach, Fundación para la Igualdad
de Oportunidades, Panama; Roy Bowen, UNICEF Belize; Juan Pablo
Bustamante, UNICEF Ecuador; Claudia Beatriz Cárdenas Becerra, SPM
Latinoamérica Consultores S.A Estrategia Internacional; Claudia Ernestina
Carrillo Ramírez, Comité de Familiares de Víctimas del "Caracazo" febrero
de 1989, Venezuela; Milton Xavier Castellanos
Mosquera, ICRC, Panama; Joseph Marc Cesar, Ministry of Education and
162 vY]
Culture, Haiti; Renee Cuijpers, UNHCR Panama; Iris Isalia Currillo de
Reyes, Ministry of Education, El Salvador; Victoria Ginja,World Food
Programme, Panama; Diego Vidal Gutiérrez Santos, Ministry of
Education, Government of Panama; Nirvah Jean-Jacques (OC), The Haitian
Foundation for Private Education (FONHEP), Haiti; Francis Joseph,
Christian Children's Fund, Dominica and St Vincent; Gustave Joseph,
Ministry of Education and Culture, Haiti; Reyes Jiménez, SINAPROC,
Panama; Martha Llanos, PhD; Education and Human Development
Specialist; Garren Lumpkin (OC)*, UNICEF TACRO, Panama; Gladys
Maria Minaya Urena, Ministry of Education, Dominican
Republic; Marina Rocío Mojica Carvajal, Save the Children UK, Colombia;
Maria Paz Bermeja, UNHCR SURGE, Panama; Richard Pelczar,
UNESCO; Gerardo Perez Holguin (OC), CEDEDISCorporation
for Community Development and Social Integration, Colombia; Nidya
Quiroz (OC)*, UNICEF-TACRO Consuelo Ramirez, Secretaria de
Educacion Publica, Mexico; Flor Alba Romero Medina, Universidad
Nacional de Colombia; Raisa Ruiz, UNICEF Panama; Unai Sacona
Benegas, UNICEF Dominican Republic; Anyoli Sanabria Lopez, UNICEF
Nicaragua; José Alejandro Santander Narvaez, Organización
Panamericana de la Salud, Ecuador; Yasuhiro Taniguchi, UN OCHA,
Panama; David Martin Villarroel García (OC), Save The Children Alliance,
Bolivia; Miloody Phaine Vincent, Ministry of Education and Culture, Haiti;
Sofia Westberg, UNICEF Peru
INEE Working Group representatives:
Allison Anderson, INEE; Marina Lopez Anselme, Refugee
163 vY]
Education Trust; Rebecca Winthrop, IRC
ætzVÔÑàZÛiZzg-gz\Æù¦xzgCZg»yzZŠZg}Middle East, North Africa and Europe Collective Consultation
(Amman, Jordan, 19-21 May
2004, co-hosted by UNESCO and UNHCR): Nader Anton Abu Amsha,
East Jerusalem YMCA Rehabilitation Program and YMCA Beit-Sahour;
Ziad Abu Laban, International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC),
Jerusalem; Pushpa Acharya,World Food Programme, Middle East, Central
Asia and Eastern Europe, Egypt; Inna Kimaevna Airapetyan, CARE North
Caucasus, Chechnya; Fayez Ahmad Al-Fasfous, Early Childhood
Resource Centre,West Bank; Steven Anderson, ICRC,
Jerusalem; Staneala M. Beckley (OC), UNICEF Middle East and North
Africa Region, Jordan; Khoudja Beldjilali, Ministry of Education, Algeria;
Leila Boumghar, Ministry of Education, Algeria; Yaser Mohamed Daoud,
Nabaa Lebanon; Veronique Ehlen, UNHCR Jordan; Malika Elatifi, Save
the Children, Morocco; Holly Hughson, University of California at Berkeley;
Shaikh Kabiroddin, UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in
the Far East (UNRWA); Doris Knoechel (OC),World Vision International;
Zahra Mirghani (OC)*, UNHCR, Lebanon; Dr. Ahmed Mirza
Mirza, Saladhaddin University, Iraq; Robert Mizzi (OC), Kosovo Educator
Development Project; Issa Nassar, Ministry of Education, Government of
Jordan; Robert Parua (OC)*, UNESCO Jordan; Jacqueline Peters, UNICEF
Jordan; Amela Piric, Organisation for Security & Cooperation in
Europe, Sarajevo; Shao Potung, UNICEF Occupied Palestinian Territory;
164 vY]
Basri A.S. Salmoodi, Ministry of Education and Higher Education,
Palestinian Authority; Kabir Shaikh, UNRWA, Jordan; Adina Shapiro,
Middle East Children’s Association, Israel; Aferdita Spahiu, UNICEF
Kosovo; Martine Storti, Ministry of Education, France; Mohammed
Tarakhan, UNRWA, Jordan; Geeta Verma, UNICEF Jordan; Jamie
Williams (OC), Save the Children UK, Egypt; Isuf Zeneli, Ministry of
Education, Science and Technology, Kosovo INEE Working Group on
Minimum Standards and Steering Group representatives: Allison
Anderson, INEE; Eldrid Midttun, NRC; Susan Nicolai, Save the Children
UK; Beverly Roberts, INEE; Christopher Talbot*, UNESCO IIEP; Nemia
Temporal*, UNHCR
û{œª»gPeer Review Facilitator: Joan Sullivan-Owomoyela
û{z‹c*CPeer Review Analysis Consultant: Margaret Sinclair
Àò£gZ]6,©gMinimum Standards Intern: Christine Pagen
INEE gratefully acknowledges the assistance of the Academy for
Educational Development and the Global Learning Portal in the peer review
process.
û{ógPeer Reviewers:
165 vY]
Chris Berry, UK Department for International Development (DFID); Lynne
Bethke, InterWorks; Marilyn Blaeser, CARE; Beverlee Bruce, Social
Science Research Council; Peter Buckland,World Bank; Dana Burde,
Columbia University; Jim DiFrancesca, Harvard University; Eric Eversman,
Consultant; Jan Field, UNHCR; Sarah Dryden Peterson, Harvard
University/Makerere University; Jason Hart, Oxford; Martha
Hewison,Windle Trust; Dorothy Jobolingo, International Rescue Committee
Uganda; Alison Joyner, Sphere; Ellen Van Kalmthout,
UNICEF; Jackie Kirk, McGill University; Jane Lowicki, International Rescue
Committee; Gilberto Mendez, Christian Children’s Fund (CCF); Eldrid
Midttun, NRC; Micheal Montgomery, CIDA; Claus Nelson, Red Barnet;
John Rhodes Paige, St. Edwards; Delia Rarela-Barcelona, UNFPA;
Margaret Sinclair, Consultant; Marc Sommers, Consultant; Martine Storti,
Ministry of Education, France; Carl Triplehorn, Save the Children US;
Julian Watson, Consultant; Michael Wessells, CCF
and Randolf Macon; Jim Williams, George Washington University; Sharon
Wright, CARE Sudan Basic Education Program/University of
Massachusetts; and all WGMSEE members.
ë©2.ç EGJ6,zÆpÆZgZWÅgÉðÆa¹]¦/ZgZzgSàX îg6,Ny
INEE’s WGMSEE is also grateful for the guidance of the Sphere Project
166 vY]
staff, with special thanks to Nan Buzard and Alison Joyner.
Zi+ñgÉÂ:e-ezÔHandbook Editor: David Wilson
»ZŠZg{Zn»gí~;BJäzZßV~CÙZkÛŠc*ZŠZg}» INEE ik,ÃÂ^~Šg`˜VZkZ% INEE ’góZ‹ZsZzg]tZŠZ™@*ì2Vä£òîg6,xzgC¿~z1z;V
ÆjZáÐZ[ZœZ[ MSEE »ÌZ‹Zs™@*ìZkÆzVÅz„}.â]ZzgñßwƒñZyÆ**ñVÆZ°ZŠzÑgM®ZŠ~ƒäÆ!*)ÛŠUÛŠUZyÆ**xÆZÖg
ÐiZZ+,]Šg»gƒVÐX(źÅzzÐZk¿ÅŠe7X@*ë 20 ÆaMSEE-CD-ROM Åzd$‚V$6,Óxçz2Åz„Šø7[ìXZkÆ´z{ INEE
~Zkz„ʬYYìXzd$‚V$»**xŠg`fsìhttp://www.ineesite.org/standards/msee.asp,
MðZ+Z~Z~ÆÀò£gZ]8àÃgx
Óxñß!MgZYÃÀò£gZ]ÆjZáÐMðZ+Z~Z~ÆãCŠ~ÃÆ‚BÃb6,ôpg3YñÇZzgw~zd$ÅãCŠ6,ÃU*ãÆaZy»Y,{1YñÇX2w~ÃU*ã»8ÆZi+c»ÌY,{1YñÇX
____________________________________________________________________ **x:X
167 vY]
_________________________________________________________ 5i#Ö»Ç{ZzgZŠZg{:X____________________________________________________________________ Ø:X______________________________________________________________ ¯y&Z~é:X
___________________________________________________________________ @*gõ:XqgzfsÎZÑ]ÆZ[Šïz‰Ü$!*ãÛâ™ZyJ-özŠgZzg˜VJ-eƒZKzm,Æ:©ZzgjZ!Y]ÅãCŠ6,o]ÛZë™,X
Àò£gZ]6,MðZ+Z~Z~ÆÂaÆË{6,HM\ZKÃðMgZYZzg8àgnp? -1
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
HZ,ZágZ]X»Y™äÅ¢zg]ƒ? -2
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
HÃð5¥â]ÎgÉâF~Šg`HY**ec? -3
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
HZ,ZŸ°ZbZñ»gÎ;Y]c*jZ!Y]zâ~.Z]Çà~áïHY**ec? -4_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
: $!*ãÛâ™tÃgxÀò£gZ]6,‡ìMðZ+Z~Z~Æ%œ/~çÃZg‚w™,(+1212) 5513107 ¯y: 10168-1289 Ec*guZ+zZñ 7f$ 42 ZÆ 122 ZÍZhgÍcÄZÚDg$h½3ð GGw
[email protected] Z~é:MðZ+Z~Z~c*Àò£gZ]Ƨi»gÐ0'×h+¥â]Æa$!*ãÛâ™qgzfszd$‚V$5±™,X
http://www.ineesite.org
168 vY]
169 vY]
WðZ+Z~Z~uòßg‹qwÔ™dZyZzg¯g~yâÆaÀò(£gZ]
uòßg‹qw~½Æa‡ìZÚZà,Mzguä¬@Àò£gZ]ÅF,¹~Zq-Z•ðZëxzgCZzgzWZÅ545é EEGŠ§i»gÃÛzrŠc*ìuòßg‹qwÔ™dZyZzgg~yâÆ%µ~(£gZzgg‚ð»Zq-Àò£gÛZë™@*ìX
uòßg‹qw~Àò(£gZ]Zq-gxÂ[ZzgSkÇÆZŒÛZg6,ŒìÓxZKâVXXXaÔâZyZzg!*ÚZÛZŠÃuòßg‹qw~½»hq݃ÇXSk~©2.ç
EGJ6,zÆSyãCŠ~
Ãc*]»ZÖgƒ@*ìŠgCWÃ]Zzg£ŠxÐaZƒäzZáZKãrT$û™äÆaÓxÂZŠZâ]ZVäecX
Y½ƒÆaÔZzg©2.ç EGJ6,zÆ 2000 Àò£gZ]ÅãCŠ£t+Bºé EFyÆ.šÔeZ»gZ@ZsZKyŠz„egR,6,g¿ˆìXSy£gZ]ÃZKyŠz„ZŠZgzVÔÓáVZzg£òW!*Š-VÅZ¦ZŠ»gÃÛzrŠ¶ZzgF,mIwÆîg6,ZEw™**ƒ@*ì@*QyÅ(çz-$ÅZW,5+k,~Zzg£gÃ4¯c*YnZzgSk§bdZyÐOW,{ßÍVÅi0+7V~Zq-zZãÛtÑc*YnXtZKyŠz„¬~õd/õEZzg&4jè FGIEÍðÅ&¢AÃÛzrŠ¶~ÌæŠÇgU*"$ƒVÐZzgÑ»YÆ´z{(©xÆâάzyzZ·ZuÃ4¯NÐX