Dr. José Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department 9 th...
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Dr. José Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department 9 th Sept’14 1 Preparation Meeting for the FCC International
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department 9 th Sept14 1 Preparation Meeting
for the FCC International Collaboration Board
Slide 2
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Mandate
Study the special technologies including conceptual aspects
required for the FCC accelerator and identify the possible design
and performance limitations for the accelerator. Identify
challenges, opportunities for technological breakthroughs and set
the R&D program. Understand impacts of technologies Prioritize
R&D topics Define scope, schedule, cost guidelines Reporting on
Specific Technologies R&D Programs Set up collaborations to
address standard FCC issues and R&D opportunities The R&D
activities will then be followed in the frame of the Accelerator
R&D Work Package which is sub-divided in three Sub- Work
Packages: High field Magnet Program Superconducting RF Program
Special Technology Program (all except Magnet and RF) 9 th Sept14 2
Preparation Meeting for the FCC International Collaboration
Board
Slide 3
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies List of
technical systems for FCC-hh, FCC-ee and FCC-he Machine detector
interface system needs and conceptual design Superconducting magnet
and cryostat requirements and conceptual design Normal magnet
requirements and element conceptual design Quench protection and
stored energy management requirements and concepts Power converter
requirements and conceptual design RF system requirements and
conceptual design Proximity cryogenics for superconducting magnets
and RF Vacuum system requirements and conceptual design Beam
diagnostics requirements and conceptual design Machine protection
system requirements and conceptual design Control system
requirements Beam transfer elements requirements and conceptual
design Dump and stopper requirements and conceptual design Element
support, survey and alignment requirements and concepts Collimation
systems and absorber requirements and conceptual design Shielding 9
th Sept14 3 Preparation Meeting for the FCC International
Collaboration Board
Slide 4
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies European
Circular Energy-Frontier Collider Study (EuroCirCol) WP4 Cryogenic
Beam Vacuum System Conception Objectives Evaluate the impact of the
arc design on technology requirements Develop an overall,
integrated design for the cryogenic beam vacuum system consisting
of (1) beam-screen, (2) proximity cryogenics, (3) magnet cold bore
and (4) vacuum system Determine the needs for advancing individual
technologies to meet the requirements Study synchrotron radiation
heat load absorption and mitigation of the photo-electrons
generation Consider novel mitigation techniques, e.g. based on
frequent discrete photon absorbers Description of Work Task 4.1:
Work Package Coordination (ALBA) Task 4.2: Study beam-induced
vacuum effects (ALBA, CERN) Task 4.3: Mitigate beam-induced vacuum
effects (STFC, CERN) Task 4.4: Study vacuum stability at cryogenic
temperature (INFN, CERN) Task 4.5: Develop conceptual design for
cryogenic beam vacuum system (CERN, CIEMAT) Task 4.6: Measurements
on cryogenic beam vacuum system prototype (KIT, INFN, CERN) *
Collaboration with KEK Photon Factory for measurements @ warm of
photo-desorption and photo-electron yields of different materials
under variable angle of incidence. * similar studies but @
cryogenic temperature being discussed with BINP Novosibirsk. 9 th
Sept14 4 Preparation Meeting for the FCC International
Collaboration Board
Slide 5
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Beam &
Thermal Insulation Vacuum Studies Insulation vacuum tightness
Reliability optimisation of multiply bellows for superfluid helium
applications Leak tightness is a major issue: hundreds km of
welding and thousands of bellows. Welding concepts and testing must
be worked out with Laboratories specialised in Materials and
Mechanical Engineering. Industrial Partners are also welcomed.
Helium pumping by cryosorption. Compensatory measures in case of
leaks as an alternative to mechanical pumps. Considering Helium
cryosorption onto special materials, possibly cooled by helium gas
from the cryogenic return loop. Vacuum modelling using computing
tools Molflow code needs to get upgraded for cryogenic beam vacuum
simulations Introduce more flexibility and time-dependant
bean-induced phenomenon. 9 th Sept14 5 Preparation Meeting for the
FCC International Collaboration Board
Slide 6
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Beam
Transfer Systems Semiconductor switch designs Silicon carbide
technology (MOSFET, IGBT, FHCT) compared to silicon devices,
individual switch technologies and stacked performance limits,
parallel/series stacking topologies, high reliability design
aspects, power triggering, optically triggered devices, radiation
resistance for tunnel integration. Kicker magnet designs Impedance
shielding, advanced magnetic materials, HV design, magnet
segmentation, cooling, transmission line designs. Massless septa
Electromagnetic design, mechanical design, radiation resistance,
coil design, field quality, stray field. Superconducting septa
Electromagnetic design, mechanical design, quench behavior, field
quality, stray field, radiation resistance. Massively distributed
controls systems Timing and synchronisation, reliability design,
redundancy, operability, maintenance aspects. 6 Preparation Meeting
for the FCC International Collaboration Board
Slide 7
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Beam
Instrumentation Beam loss monitors (BLM) for FCC-hh: Use existing
technology (LHC) dynamic range, resolution and response time should
be fine acquisition system to be developed (later) Development of
alternative technologies e.g. fiber based BLMs (CLIC development)
Emittance measurement for FCC-hh: Study of the limits of
synchrotron light measurements (towards X-ray diagnostic?) Study
and development of alternative methods (beam Vertex Gas monitors -
BGV) Other topics being considered: Beam orbit measurement system
(BPM) for FCC-hh (and FCC-ee) Beam intensity monitors (BCT) for
FCC-hh (and FCC-ee) Polarimeters for FCC-ee Longitudinal profile
measurement for FCC-hh and FCC-ee Luminosity monitors: for FCC-hh
(and FCC-ee) Tune measurement for FCC-hh and FCC-ee Chromaticity
measurement for FCC-hh Energy measurement for FCC-hh and FCC-ee 9
th Sept14 7 Preparation Meeting for the FCC International
Collaboration Board
Slide 8
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies
Superconducting RF (for ee) RF system requirements are
characterized by two regimes. High gradients for H and up to ~11
GV. High beam loading with currents of ~1.5 A at the Z pole. RF
system must be distributed over the ring to minimize energy
excursions (~4.5% energy loss @ 175 GeV). Optics errors driven by
energy offsets, effect on h. Aiming for SC RF cavities (x570) with
gradients of ~20 MV/m. RF frequency, a combination of 200, 400 or
800 MHz (current baseline). Conversion efficiency (wall plug to RF
power) is critical. Aiming for 75% or higher R&D ! (100 MW RF
power) 9 th Sept14 8 Preparation Meeting for the FCC International
Collaboration Board J. Wenninger, A. Butterworth, E. Jensen, et
al.
Slide 9
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Proximity
Cryogenics Proximity cryogenics for RF system for FCC-ee: Study of
magnetic refrigeration stage (L. Tavian / CEA Grenoble) at 1.6 K
the pressure ratio increases from 40 -> 170 stability with
charge variation Proximity cryogenics for magnets for FCC-ee and
FCC-hh: Parametric study of LHe distribution (L. Tavian / PHD
student) operating temperature (4.5 vs 1.9 K, large cost and power
increase) what is the max sector length ? => how many
pits/intermediate cryo plants? study of cooling and distribution
schemes over 7 10km sectors Proximity cryogenics for the beam
screen cooling for FCC-hh: Conceptual design of the cooling and
distribution schemes (L. Tavian / PHD student) dedicated beam
screens operating at around 50K will be needed to cope with the
high heat deposition by the beam: up to 44 W/m in the cryogenic
system (5MW total) integration of the cooling circuits in a narrow
space. compare the performances of Helium and Neon (piping
dimensions, efficiency,..) technical challenges related to Neon:
Pipe heaters, high operating pressures (30- 40 bars),.. 9 th Sept14
9 Preparation Meeting for the FCC International Collaboration
Board
Slide 10
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Proximity
Cryogenics Interface with WP4 (EuroCirCol) 9 th Sept14 10
Preparation Meeting for the FCC International Collaboration Board
Cryo beam vacuum system
Slide 11
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Proximity
Cryogenics Interface with WP4 (EuroCirCol) 9 th Sept14 11
Preparation Meeting for the FCC International Collaboration Board
Beam-Screen cooling
Slide 12
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Proximity
Cryogenics Interface with WP4 (EuroCirCol) 9 th Sept14 12
Preparation Meeting for the FCC International Collaboration Board
Total cryo power for SR cooling
Slide 13
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Normal
conducting magnets Radiation resistant insulation systems up to 200
MGy is of interest for nuclear physics machines (e.g. FRIB), fusion
(e.g. ITER) Magnets for fast exchange Work out concepts for
supports, connections and services, alignment, remotely acted upon
and controlled. Similar work is done in nuclear industry, for
fusion (JET, ITER), and is of relevance for the LHC maintenance
(triplets). Redundant magnet systems to cope with fall-outs during
operation, avoiding replacement Introduce additional windings,
sections that are dormant, but can work reliably, possibly at
reduced performance Increase operating margin Compact magnets,
decrease costs and footprint, may result in energy efficiency Small
aperture, requires high precision and tight tolerances (impact on
manufacturing and measurement methods) this work is relevant to
CLIC Alternative yoke materials (Fe-Co) to increase saturation
level, reduce the yoke dimensions and weight this work is relevant
to medical applications (TULIP) Air-cooled windings, low current
density for reduced energy consumption Are tunable permanent
magnet/hybrid magnets an option for storage rings (fixed energy
lepton collider) ? 9 th Sept14 13 Preparation Meeting for the FCC
International Collaboration Board
Slide 14
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Normal
conducting magnets Development of radiation hard easily pluggable
normal conducting coils and ancillaries for HL-LHC and FCC
Objectives Develop coil insulation materials and schemes for
accelerator normal conducting magnets capable of withstanding
operational voltages of up to 5 kV after having been exposed to
radiation doses of 300 MGy, in presence of humidity and possibly of
ozone. Develop fast connectable radiation resistant hydraulic and
electrical joints Integrate the above mentioned connection in
global solution to enable the construction of plug-in magnet units,
which would possibly be remotely handled and aligned. Role of
participants (very preliminary) Technologies developed here shall
be applicable both for dipole and for quadrupole magnets. KEK-JPARC
[Kazuhiro Tanaka [email protected]] Integration and alignment
BINP [Anatoly Utkin [email protected]] MgO technology, including
electrical and hydraulic connections. COCKCROFT [Jim Clarke
[email protected]] Electrical and hydraulic connections for
impregnated coils To BE DEFINED Impregnated coils (cyanate ester
and/or other radiation resistant resin with fiber-glass or mica)
FRAUNHOFER Irradiation tests in the BGS facility CERN Coordination
9 th Sept14 14 Preparation Meeting for the FCC International
Collaboration Board
Slide 15
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department FCC Special Technologies Quench
protection system Quench detection/protection of the main ring
(LTS) is a challenge because of Large stored energy density (a
factor 3 larger than in LHC) Large operating current density (same
as in LHC, at half of the copper fraction) Large circuit inductance
(at least 3 times the LHC ?) Quench detection of the LTS
magnets/outsert must be on the ms time scale Classical methods,
voltage based, requires high noise rejection, fast measurement and
decision times Alternative methods would be interesting (optical,
magnetic, acoustic, radio-frequency) Quench detection of the HTS
insert (very high field option) is so far unresolved Voltage
detection based on a threshold possibly too slow/not sufficiently
sensitive Develop alternative voltage instrumentation (high
sensitivity), and detection method, based on precursors and pattern
recognition (catch a quench before it starts) Develop alternative
detection principles (optical fibers, magnetic, acoustic, radio-
frequency) Quench protection concept to be defined, components to
be developed/qualified Diodes and dump, as for the LHC ?
Subdivision of the magnet layers ? Large current (in excess of 20
kA) diodes, switches Coupling-Loss Induced Quench (CLIQ)
Optimisation of the system, implementation at the design stage of
the magnets. 9 th Sept14 15 Preparation Meeting for the FCC
International Collaboration Board
Slide 16
Dr. Jos Miguel JIMENEZ CERN, Technology Department Dr. Olivier
BRUNNER CERN, Beams Department Technical Challenges and
Breakthroughs for the FCC-hh Collimation Systems(1/2) Challenges
New optics concepts and IR layouts to be developed in order to
achieve at least 20x better cleaning with larger collimator gaps
Inter-alignment: if the hierarchy of different collimators depend
on micrometer or submicrometer alignment from collimator to
collimator is necessary, it will be necessary to further develop
position measurement and control solutions based on new
technologies (piezo, optical, etc) Operational aspects: how often
will we have to change the collimators? Radiation issues? Remote
handling? disposable collimators should be developed (quick and
fully automated collimator replacement) Breakthroughs New
collimator design to withstand much larger energy loads with
reasonable transient deformation and no permanent damage. And:
Compatible with Impedance and Vacuum requirements Explore new
collimation concepts like crystal collimation. Crystal collimation
will however push even further the material challenge. 9 th Sept14
16 Preparation Meeting for the FCC International Collaboration
Board