EBS 수능특강 Light 영어독해(1부) 강 글의 목적 파악

EBS 수능특강 Light 영어독해(1부)

EBS 2022학년도 내신대비

내신

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1강 글의 목적 파악

v 다음 글을 읽고 각 질문에 답하시오. (Gateway)

Dear Mr. Reese,

A few days ago, (A)I submitted my application

and recipe for the 2nd Annual DC Metro Cooking

Contest. However, (B)I would like to change my

recipe if it is possible. I have checked the website

again, but (C)I could only find information about

the contest date, time, and prizes. I couldn’t see

any information about changing recipes. I just

created a great new recipe, and I believe people

will love this more than the one I already

submitted. Please let me know if I can change my

submitted recipe. I look forward to your response.

Best Regards,

Sophia Walker

1. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 본문의 단어를 활용하여

다음 빈 칸에 적으시오.1)

I _______________ for the 2nd Annual DC Metro

Cooking Contest.

2. 위 글의 요약문이 되도록 다음 문장의 빈 칸에 본문의 어구를 활용하여 5단어로 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 2)

The writer asks ____________________________________

3. (B)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단

어를 적으시오. 3)

I couldn’t see any information about changing

recipes ____________ __________ the one about the

contest date, time, and prizes.

4. 위 글에서 어법상 틀린 곳을 두 군데 찾아 고쳐 적

으시오.4)

(1) ______________________ → ______________________

(2) ______________________ → ______________________

5. (B)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 적절한 단


I would like to have my recipe ___________ _________

_______________.



내신

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v 다음 글을 읽고 주어진 각 질문에 답하시오. [01]

Dear Mr. Jones,

I notice you are the editor for How to Raise

Poodles for Fun and Profit by Sue Smith. Would

you consider (가)(look) at a proposal for a poodle

book that focuses on health, obedience, and

( )? (A)For 12 years, I have been the owner

of Oodles of Poodles, a boutique (나)(specialize) in

poodle care. We do haircuts, styling, bathing, nail

trimming, and poodle “charm school,” and I am

uniquely qualified (다)(offer) poodle owners a lot of

valuable advice on these subjects. May I send you

a proposal for a nonfiction, do-it-yourself book,

aimed at poodle owners, on taking care of their

pet poodles? A self-addressed stamped envelope is

enclosed for your reply.

Thanks,

Dick Smithers

6. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안의 동사를 어법에 맞게 고

쳐 적으시오. 6)

(가)_____________ (나)____________ (다)____________

7. 다음 글의 목적이 되도록 보기의 단어들을 배열하

여 적으시오. [필요시 단어 변형할 것] 7)

The letter _____________________________________________

_____________ book publication.

<보기>

willing / if / Mr. Jones / write / ask / is / go

over / the proposal / for

8. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 문장의 빈 칸을 알

맞게 채우시오.8)

12 years _____________________________________________.

9. 위 글 괄호 안에 들어갈 단어로서 아래 영영풀이와 일치하는 단어를 적으시오.9)

_______________: the activity of getting dressed;

putting on clothes



내신

대비

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Dear Mr. Diamond:

Four months ago (A)I purchased a guitar at your

store. I was pleased with the excellent service and

am happy with the guitar. At the time of purchase,

I agreed to a purchase price of $800, including tax.

(B)You were offering an interest-free installment

plan, and I signed up to make eight payments of

$100 each until the amount was paid in full. I have

had some unexpected medical bills and find that

(C)it is difficult for me to make the $100 payment

for the next four months. (D)Could my payment

plan be restructured so that I can make 8 more

payments of $50 each? I hope you can help me.

Thank you,

Ken Smith

10. (A)의 두 문장을 한 문장으로 연결하고자 한다.

빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 10)

I purchased a guitar at your store, _________

__________ and guitar were excellent.



You were offering an interest-free installment plan,

__________ __________ I would make eight payments of

$100 each until payment completion.

12. (C)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단


I find ________ ____________ to make the $100

payment for the next four months

13. (D)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하고 빈 칸을 완성하시오. [필요시 단어 변형할 것]13)

Could __________________________________________________

8 more payments of $50 each?

<보기>

it / make / for / have / my / be / me / possible

/ payment plan / restructure,



내신

대비

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We recently invested in a limited number of

lockers, which (가)[mean / means] that (A)students

will not have to carry all their belongings with

them to each class. These lockers are available for

students (나)[to rent / to be rented] for the three

years they are at school. (B)If you would like your

son/daughter to rent a locker, please read and sign

the attached Agreement Form with your

son/daughter. Please return the completed

Agreement Form to the Finance Office along with a

￡2.00 non-refundable payment for the lease and

maintenance of the locker. (다)[Would / Should]

your child lose their locker key, we will replace the

key at the cost of ￡3.00. Please do not hesitate to

contact me if there are any questions.

14. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 것을

골라 적으시오. 14)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)_______________

15. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 조건에 맞게 빈 칸

에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 15)

All of students' belongings _________________________

__________________________________.

<조건>

* not have to를 need not으로 고쳐 영작할 것

16. (B)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 조건에 맞게 빈 칸

(A), (B)에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 16)

If you wish to (A)_______________________ by your

son/daughter, you (B)______________________ read and

sign the attached Agreement Form with your

son/daughter

<조건>

* (A)사역동사have 이용할 것

* (B)는 request를 활용할 것

17. 위 글의 목적을 나타내는 어구를 만들고자 한다. 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오.17)

<보기>

children's / in order / about / their / application /

for / parents / leasing / lockers / guide / on

campus



내신

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Dear Ms. Carfax,

(A)We are sorry that the flowers you ordered for

your holiday office celebration arrived in an

unacceptable condition. Thank you for the dated

photograph; it was helpful to us in assessing the

problem. (B)It appears that somewhere between our

store and yours, the flowers were exposed to the

below-zero temperatures we had that week. This

would result in the wilted, browned appearance

shown in the photograph. We are following up this

matter with our delivery people. (C)It is too late to

save your holiday celebration, but we would like to

make amends by, first, crediting your charge card

for the entire amount of the flowers and, second,

(D)귀하의 다음 행사에 같은 가격의 꽃을 무료로 제공

하는 것으로. We appreciate your business and hope

to be service you again.

Sincerely,

Lorraine Mortis

Sales Manager of ABC Corp.

* wilted: 시든 ** amends: 보상

18. (A)의 문장구조를 단문구조로 변환하고자 한다.

다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어나 어구를 적으시오.18)

It is ____________ for your __________ flowers for your

holiday office celebration _______________________ in an

unacceptable condition.

19. 위 글에서 어법상 틀린 곳을 두 군데 찾아 고쳐 적으시오.19)

(1)__________________ → ______________________

(2)__________________ → ______________________

20. (B)의 문장구조를 단문구조로 변환하고자 한다. 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어나 어구를 적으시오 20)

Somewhere between our store and yours, the

flowers _________________________________ the below-zero

temperatures we had that week

21. (C)의 문장구조를 단문구조로 변환하고자 한다. 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오 21)

In spite of ________ ________ _________ for your

holiday celebration, we would like to make amends

22. (D)의 우리말과 일치하도록 다음 보기의 단어들을

알맞게 배열하고 고쳐 적으시오. 22)

<보기>

you / compliment / offer / flowers / value / for /

your / next / occasion / of / equal,

__________________________________________________________

________________________.



내신

대비

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2강 분위기·심경·어조 파악


The waves were perfect for surfing. Dave,

however, just could not stay on his board. (A)He

had tried more than ten times to stand up but

never managed it. He felt that he would never

succeed. (B)He was about to give up when he

looked at the sea one last time. The (가)(swell)

waves seemed to say, “Come on, Dave. One more

try!” (나)(take) a deep breath, he picked up his

board and ran into the water. (C)He waited for the

right wave. Finally, it came. He jumped up onto the

board just like he had practiced. And this time,

standing upright, he battled the wave all the way

back to shore. (D)Walking out of the water joyfully,

he cheered, “Wow, I did it!”

23. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 주어진 철

자로 시작하는 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 23)

He had tried more than ten times in v_____________

to stand up



He was ______ the ________ _______ giving up when

he looked at the sea one last time.

25. (가), (나)의 괄호 안의 동사를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오.25)

(가)___________________ (나)__________________

26. (C)를 분사구문이 포함된 문장으로 전환하고자 한다. 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 26)

_______________________ for the right wave, it came

27. (D)의 분사구문을 절로 전환한 문장이다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 27)

_________________________ out of the water joyfully, he

cheered,



내신

대비

- 8 -


On her seventh birthday, Margaret (a)[brought /

was brought] into the kitchen and (b)[stood / was

stood] before her was a large, mysterious object

wrapped in a sheet. Her parents sang “Happy

Birthday,” then (가)_________________ the sheet to

reveal a bright-red tricycle with a basket, ribbons

on the handlebars, and a shiny bell. She was

thrilled. She could not wait (c)[to take / taking] it

into the garden and try it out. (A)She sat upon the

seat, held on to the handlebars, got her feet on to

the pedals and began to go round the garden

path. (B)발이 땅에 닿지 않고 이동하다니 얼마나 멋

진 기분인가! She cycled slowly and cautiously,

looking straight ahead to ensure she kept to the

path. Her father walked by her side, trotting a little

when she went faster.

*trot: 걸음을 재촉하다

28. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 것을 골라

차례대로 적으시오. 28)

(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)_____________

29. (가)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 동사구가 되도록 빈 칸에

알맞은 동사를 적으시오. 29)

_____________________ off

30. (A)를 (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 다음 빈 칸

(A), (B)에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 30)

Sitting upon the seat, and (A)__________ on to the

handlebars (B)__________ her feet got on to the

pedals

31. (B)의 우리말과 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어들을 차례대로 적으시오. 31)

⇒ What _____ ______ ______ to be on the move

without her feet touching the ground!

⇒ How ________ she felt to be on the move with

her feet _________ the ground!

32. 다음은 위 글의 요약문이다. 보기의 단어들을 알

맞게 배열하여 빈 칸을 완성하시오.32)

Margaret _______________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

_______________________.

<보기>

her parents / for / her birthday / with / and /

got / a bicycle / from / it / right / in the garden

/ joy / and / excitement / was riding



내신

대비

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“Honey, what’s the matter?” I asked immediately

(A)upon hearing my wife’s frantic voice on the

phone. (B)She was crying and nearly hysterical.

Immediately my heart began to race. Finally my

wife (가)( ) out, “It’s Kevin!” Oh no! I

thought. I asked, “Did he fall into the pool?” It was

my worst (나)( ) coming to life. My

eighteen-month-old son had drowned in our own

backyard. “No,” Sandy said. “It’s his toe nails.” I

wasn’t sure I’d heard right. “His toe nails?” “Yeah,”

she said, “they’re purple!” “Purple?” I was really

confused now. “What happened? Did somebody hit

him?” “No, he colored them with a magic marker.”

(C)I couldn’t help it. I burst out laughing. Little

Kevin had always shown a predisposition toward

art, but this creative act really (다)( ) them

all. “What are you laughing about?” Sandy asked,

horrified. “Little boys do things like that,” I replied.

“(D)That’s the funniest thing I’ve ever heard!”

* frantic: (두려움, 걱정으로) 제정신이 아닌 **

predisposition: 성향

33. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈

알맞은 단어를 적으시오.33)

______________________________ my wife’s frantic voice

on the phone.

34. (B)를 한 문장으로 연결한 것이다. 빈 칸에 알맞

은 어구를 적으시오. 34)

Upon ______________________________________, my heart

began to race

35. 아래 영영풀이를 참고하여 (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.35)

(가)b____________ (나)n_____________ (다)b__________

(가)utter impulsively

(나)a situation resembling a terrifying dream

(다)be superior

36. (C)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.36)

I couldn’t help ______________ out laughing

37. (D)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 37)

Of ____________ I’ve ever heard, __________ is _________

___________ as that.



내신

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- 10 -


Chase was up early on the appointed day. He fed

his rabbits, dogs and cats, and even found time to

rake leaves in the backyard. Before Chase and his

mother (가)[left / had left] the house, he filled his

jacket pocket with sugar cubes for the

golden-maned mare, (A)who he knew would be

waiting for him. To Chase, it seemed a(n)

_____________ before his mother turned the car off

the main road and down the lane to the Raker

farm. (나)[Anxious / Anxiously], Chase strained his

eyes for a glimpse of the mare that he loved so

much. As they drew closer to the farm house and

barns, he looked, but Lady는 (B)어디에서도 볼 수

없었다. Chase’s pulse pounded as he looked for

the horse trailer. It was not there. (C)Both the

trailer and horse were gone. (D)His worst nightmare

had become a reality. Someone had surely bought

the horse, and he (다)[should /would ] never see

her again.

* golden-maned mare: 금색 갈기의 암말

38. (A)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다.

빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 38)

whom _________________________________

39. 위 글 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 아래 영영

풀이를 참고하여 적으시오.39)

____________________: time without end

40. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 것을 골라 차례대로 적으시오. 40)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

41. (B)의 우리말과 일치하도록 다음 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 활용하여 영작하시오.41)

<보기> Lady / nowhere / see

___________________________________________________

42. (C)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 문장의 빈 칸에 4

단어로 된 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 42)

___________________________________________ were there.

43. (D)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다.


The worst nightmare that _________________________

__________________________.

<보기>

he / can / ever / imagine / realize

44. 다음은 위 글의 요약문이다. 보기의 단어들을 알

맞게 배열하여 빈 칸 (A), (B)를 완성하시오.44)

Chase felt (A)_________________________________________

the mare he loved so much, but when he arrived at

the farm, (B)______________________________________ the

mare again because someone had bought it.

<보기>

that / he / it / in his mother's car / to see / took

/ so long / he / realized / would / never / see



내신

대비

- 11 -


The house behind them, (A)standing up gray, was

a far more terrible thing than it had been when

they faced it. (a)[By / With] common consent they

hurried a little as they walked fast along among

the dead leaves. The wind, too, was at their back

now, and (B)[ their / legs / flutter / things /

against / fling / about / and / their / ears ]; they

were afraid to look round, and yet afraid (b)[of

going / to go] on without glancing behind them.

Halfway down the drive, too, they heard a rustling

among the trees, a louder rustling than (c)[that /

those] caused by the wind. Brian stopped still, and

Comethup wondered why his heart kept jumping

up into his throat and nearly choking him. Then,

(C)_________________ among the shadows of the trees,

came a little figure all in white — a figure smaller

even than Comethup, but very terrible coming in

that fashion, and in that hour and in that place.

* fling: 내던지다 * flutter: 펄럭이다

45. (A)를 부사절로 전환하고자 한다. 빈 칸에 알맞은

어구를 적으시오. 45)

____________________________ gray

46. 아래 우리말과 일치하도록 (B)의 괄호 안의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 적으시오. 46)

그들의 다리 주위와 귀에다 펄럭거리는 것들을 내던

졌다

47. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 것을 골

라 차례대로 적으시오. 47)

(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

48. (C)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 어법상 알맞은 두 단어를 적으시오. 48)



내신

대비

- 12 -

3강 함축된 의미 파악


On August 12, 1994, (A)major league baseball

players went on strike, bringing baseball to a halt

for the rest of the season. (B)The strike, which

lasted 235 days, ended in April of the next year

when a federal judge issued an injunction against

the club owners. Just before the strike, baseball

was enjoying one of the most exciting seasons in

many years. The lowly Montreal Expos were leading

their league by six games, Tony Gwynn was

enjoying a .400 batting average, and (C)a number

of ballplayers were having banner years. Just before

the strike, the famed hitter Ken Griffey, Jr., was

asked what he thought about the upcoming strike,

especially since he and so many other ballplayers

were doing so well. He replied: We picked a bad

year to have a good year.

49. (ㅁ)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다.

빈 칸에 적절한 단어를 적으시오. 49)

Due to the ________ __________ major league baseball

players, _________ ___________ _________ to a halt for

the rest of the season.

50. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 50)

The 235 day-long strike _________ ___________ in April

of the next year ________ a federal judge ___________

an injunction against the club owners.

51. (C)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 주어진

철자로 시작하는 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 51)

a number of ballplayers were e__________ s___________

years

52. 글에서 밑줄 친 We picked a bad year to have a good year가 의미하는 바와 일치하도록 다으 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시어. 52)

For the s__________ of strike, we are s___________ a

great season.



내신

대비

- 13 -

v 다음 글을 읽고 주어진 각 질문에 답하시오. (01)

If there is one recent change that stands out in

student behaviour, (A)it is the decline in the

willingness to read for extended periods of time.

(B)The reason is simply the competition reading

faces. Until the mid-1980s, the only competition

school really had was television. We still lived in a

world that supported print (가)[literacy / literature].

(C)There was still a collective memory about the

experiences reading offered and a collective

agreement about its value. That consensus is

quickly passing away. When a teacher hands out a

novel today, the first question in every student’s

mind is “Is there a movie of this?” If not, the next

stop is the Internet (나)[which / where] some

websites will provide short chapter-by-chapter

summaries, commentaries, and analysis (a)무료로.

These sites support themselves with the extensive

advertising embedded within the summary articles

(a good visual (다)[attraction / distraction] from the

boring text summary). Today reading literature

means (D)reading about literature.


빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 53)

it is the increase in the r_______________ to read for

extended periods of time

54. (B)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 54)

It is simply __________ __________ _____________ the

competition.

55. (C)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단


There was still a collective memory about __________

the experiences reading offered and its value.

56. (D)reading about literature가 글에서 의미하는 바가 되도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 활용하여 영작하시오.56)

<보기>

get / about / a book / rough / details / rather /

than / try / comprehend / it / than / try /

through / actual / reading

57. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에서 문맥이나 어법에 맞

는 것을 골라 차례대로 적으시오. 57)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

58. (a)의 우리말과 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은

단어를 적으시오. 58)

free of _________ = for _________ = _________ a fee



내신

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It is traditionally accepted that music is an art,

that painting is an art, that theater is an art—

(가)[no less than / not less than] literature and, for

more than a century now, the cinema. (A)Why not

cooking? Its essential function of providing

nourishment has caused us to (나)[awaken / forget]

that, in the hands of a great cook, (B)a meal is

capable of touching us as a love song does, (C)of

giving us joy, occasionally even of moving us to

anger. To the extent that it detaches itself from

tradition (which works to assign it to the (다)[

status / stature] of an artisanal trade or craft,

based on repetition) and insofar as its purpose is

to stir the emotions, cooking—which alone among

the arts stimulates all of the senses at once—

cannot be excluded from their c________________.

* artisanal: 장인(匠人)의

59. (A)가 의미하는 바와 같도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은


Cooking _____________ to be accepted as art the

___________ as other fields do.

60. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 것을 골라 차례대로 적으시오.60)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________


___________ a love song, a meal is also capable of

touching us

62. (C)에서 어법상 틀린 곳을 두 군데를 찾아 고쳐

적으시오. 62)

______________________ → ____________________

______________________ → ____________________

63. 위 글 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하고 아래 영영풀이와 일치하는 단어를 적으시오.63)

the state of being with someone



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(A)Melatonin helps regulate the timing of when

sleep occurs by systematically signaling darkness

throughout the organism. But melatonin has little

influence on the generation of sleep itself: (가)a

mistaken assumption that many people hold. To

make clear this distinction, think of sleep as the

Olympic 100-meter race. Melatonin is (B)the voice

of the timing official that says “Runners, on your

mark,” and then fires the starting pistol that

triggers the race. That timing official (melatonin)

governs when the race (sleep) begins, but (B)does

not participate in the race. In this analogy, the

sprinters themselves are other brain regions and

processes that actively (나)____________________.

Melatonin corrals these sleep-generating regions of

the brain to the starting line of bedtime. Melatonin

simply provides the official instruction to commence

the event of sleep, but does not participate in the

sleep race itself.

* analogy: 비유 ** corral: (울타리 안에) 넣다, 가두

다

64. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단


Melatonin helps regulate the time of _______(A)______

of sleep ______(B)_______ it systematically signals

darkness throughout the organism.

65. (가)a mistaken assumption 이 의미하는 바와 일

치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.65)

Melatonin has ___________ ________ _________ with the

generation of sleep itself.

66. 밑줄 친 (나)the voice of the timing official이 의

미하는 바와 같도록 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 66)

the helper regulating _________ _________ ___________

67. (B)와 의미가 일치하는 어구를 본문에서 찾아 적으시오. 67)

68. 글의 흐름상 (다)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 두 단


_________________ ________________



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Back in 1953, Patsy Sherman noticed a seemingly

unimportant incident. An assistant in her laboratory

had spilled a few drops of an experimental

chemical on her new trainers. Naturally the

assistant was upset, thinking that she wouldn’t be

able to get the stains off. (A)Nothing worked:

neither soap, alcohol, nor other solvents. Sherman,

however, became fascinated with the chemical’s

incredible (가)_______________ and began forming an

idea, which at the time seemed ridiculous: to

develop a chemical that could repel water and oil

from cloth fabrics. (B)By 1956, Scotchgard Protector

was launched, and the brand has been the market

leader ever since. A popular saying at her company

is that (C)you have to kiss an awful lot of frogs

before you find your prince. (D)Failing is

par-for-the-course when it comes to innovation and

product development.

* resilience: 튕겨 내는 성질 ** repel: 막다, (물 등

을) 튕겨 내다 *** par-for-the-course: 당연한, 보통



Neither _________________________________________________

____________________.

70. (C)와 의미가 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 재배열하여 빈 칸에 적으시오. [필요시 일부 단어 변형할 것] 70)

Scotchgard Protector __________________________________

_____________________ in 1956

<보기>

never / of / its / the market leader / ever / lose /

the position / since / launch

71. 밑줄 친 (C)you have to kiss an awful lot of frogs before you find your prince와 의미가 같도록 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오.71)

You have to r________ f__________ to finally succeed.

72. (가)의 빈 칸에 아래 영영풀이와 일치하는 단어를

적으시오. 72)

r__________________: the physical property of a

material that can return to its original shape or

position after deformation that does not exceed

its elastic limit

73. (D)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 보기의 단어들을

적절히 배열하여 빈 칸을 완성하시오. 73)

Failing should ________________________________________

__________________________________

<보기>

take / as / g____________ / concern / as far as /

innovation / and / product development

<조건>

1. 일부 단어 변형할 것

2. 빈 칸에 주어진 철자의 단어를 적을 것.



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4강 요지·주장 파악

v 다음 글을 읽고 주어진 각 질문에 답하시오.

(Gateway)

We say to ourselves: “There is plenty of time. I’ll

manage somehow or other when the time

(가)[comes / will come] for action.” (A)We are

rather proud of our ability to meet emergencies. So

we do not plan and take precautions to prevent

emergencies from arising. It is too easy to drift

through school and college, taking the traditional,

conventional studies that others take, following the

lines of (a)(little) resistance, electing “snap courses,”

and going with the crowd. It is too easy to take

the attitude: “First I will get my education and

develop myself, and then I will know better what I

(나)[fit / am fitted] to do for a life work.” And so

we drift, (b)(drive) the winds of circumstance,

tossed about by the waves of tradition and custom.

Eventually, most men find they must be satisfied

with “(C)any port in a storm.” Sailors who select a

port because they are driven (다)[by it / to it] have

scarcely one chance in a thousand of dropping

anchor in the right one.

* snap: 쉬운

74. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 문장의 (a), (b)의 괄호 안의 동사를 알맞게 변형하여 적으시오.74)

(a)(confidence) in our ability to meet emergencies

(b)(courage) us from planning and taking

precautions to prevent emergencies from arising.

(a)__________________ (b)____________________

75. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 것을 골라 차례대로 적으시오. 75)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

76. 위 글에서 필자가 주장하는 내용이 되도록 다음


We should a______________(=desert) complacency and

p______________ for the future.

77. (a), (b)의 괄호 안의 단어를 문맥과 어법에 맞게

고쳐 적으시오. [필요시 단어추가 가능]77)

(a)_______________ (b)_________________

78. (C))any port in a storm 가 의미하는 바와 같도록 다음 보기 단어들을 알맞게 배열하고 변형하여 빈 칸을 완성하시오. 78)

the future as a result of the choice _______________

__________________________________________________

<보기>

one/ rather than / the one / force / make / /

with / one's / made / own / will



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(A)What we used to call multinational firms are

increasingly becoming global firms. Among firms,

what passes for national identification depends

upon history and where their corporate

headquarters (가)[ ought / happen ] to be located.

But (B)the latter is increasingly becoming a matter

determined more by local taxation than by

economic functionality. The recent fuss about U.S.

firms moving their legal headquarters to Bermuda

to get lower taxes is (나)[but / but that] one

example. (C)National identification means little when

it comes to predicting a firm’s behavior. Place of

origin or the nationality of the passports held by

the top managers makes less and less difference

when it comes to making real decisions. Ownership

is often not (다)[as / what] it seems to be. Nokia is

seen as a Finnish company, but more of Nokia’s

shares are owned by Americans than by Finns.

* fuss: 소동

79. 다음은 위 글의 요지문이다. 글의 내용을 읽고 빈

칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 79)

The nationality of an enterprise or entrepreneur is

becoming __________ __________ in its decision-making

than its _____________.


알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 80)

What used to (a)________________ multinational firms

are increasingly becoming global firms, (b)____________

what passes for national identification depends upon

history

81. (B)가 의미하는 바와 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알

맞은 단어를 적으시오. 81)

the ______________ of their corporate headquarters is

increasingly becoming a matter determined by

economic functionality not ______ ______ ______ _______

local taxation

82. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에서 어법 혹은 문맥에 맞는 것을 골라 차례대로 적으시오. 82)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

83. (C)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 문장의 빈 칸에 알

맞은 단어를 적으시오 83)

______________ national identification _________ place

of origin or the nationality of the passports held by

the top managers means little when it comes to

____________ predicting a firm’s behavior and making

real decisions



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(A)There is some discomfort in most of us that

makes us willing to take ( ) for our

accomplishments or to even accept a well-deserved

(가)[complement / compliment]. Try an experiment.

Give someone you know a genuine praise about a

quality they have or about something they have

done that you truly appreciate. Often their first

response is to (나)[downplay / downsize] their

contribution or their effort: “Oh, I was just doing

my job.” “(B)누구든 똑같이 했을 거예요.” “It was

nothing.” What is it that makes us (다)[easy /

uneasy] about accepting ( ) for something

wonderful we have done? (C)We feel proud of our

accomplishments and our skills, but we don’t know

how to accept compliment for them gracefully,

without seeming like a braggart or a know-it-all.

* braggart: 허풍쟁이

84. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 것을 골라 차례대로 적으시오. 84)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

85. (A)에서 문맥상으로 부자연스러운 단어를 찾아 맞

는 단어로 고쳐 적으시오. 85)

__________________ → ____________________

86. (a)의 괄호 안에 아래 영영 풀이와 일치하는 단어

를 적으시오. 86)

indicating an achievement deserving praise

87. (B)의 우리말과 일치하도록 조건에 맞게 영작하시

오. 87)

<조건> 조동사를 포함하여 시제에 유의할 것.

__________________________________________________________

______________________________.

88. 위 글의 요지문이다. 본문에 있는 단어를 알맞게

변형하여 빈 칸에 적으시오. 88)

People have a tendency to be _________________ to

accept compliments naturally.

89. (C)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 주어진

철자로 시작하는 단어를 빈 칸에 적으시오.89)

D____________ the p__________ in our accomplishments

and our skills, we don’t know how to accept

compliment for them gracefully,



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Gordon Parker, chairman, president, and CEO of

Newmont Mining Corporation, has a very (가)[

debilitate / deliberate] speech pattern. When I

asked him about it, he explained, “People listen

more carefully if they think you are thinking when

you speak.” I tend to agree with him. (A)Even

though people can hear two to three times faster

than we can talk, most of us could (나)[seat /

stand] to slow down when we speak. Hurrying

makes our words seem less important and gives

the impression that (B)we do not think our ideas

deserve more than the briefest amount of airtime.

(C)We appear to be rushing to finish so that

someone with something more valuable to say can

speak. Slow down. Allow for some pauses, some

silence. People will listen more (다)[casually /

closely] and have more respect for what they hear.

90. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단


⇒ Even though people can hear two to three

times ________ ________ ______ we can talk

⇒ Even though people can hear two to three

times the ________ of ______ we can talk

91. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 것을

골라 차례대로 적으시오. 91)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________



we don't think our ideas deserve _________ _______

_______ all.

93. (C)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 93)

We appear to be rushing to finish ________

someone _________ has something more valuable to

say to speak.

94. 다음은 위 글의 요지문이다. 보기의 단어들을 알

맞게 배열하여 빈 칸을 채우시오. 94)

If you speak slowly, __________________________________

________________________________.

<보기>

the listener / carefully / the speech / is /

important / thinks / that / and / listens /



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- 21 -


The experts in our children’s lives—their doctors,

teachers, and coaches, ___________(a)_________ the

wisdom of family members, friends, and clergy

(A)who have “been there”—are essential resources

to us as we raise our families. Gathering

information and educating yourself (a)[is / are]

critical to (b)[make / making] good decision. But no

professional degree or years of personal experience

is ultimately more important than your own

intuition. (B)As you navigate through the sea of

opinions and ideas, you will also notice that the

“experts” sometimes conflict with each other, and

sometimes with your goals and values. So you will

need (c)[use / to use] your critical thinking and

problem-solving skills to analyze the advice and

information you’ve gathered. Then remember that

you are the “Decider.” That is because no one is a

better expert in the matters of your family than

you.

95. (가)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 어구들이다. 빈 칸에 알맞

은 단어를 적으시오. 95)

to say __________ of = not to _____________

96. 밑줄 친 (A)who have “been there” 의 의미와 같

도록 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 빈 칸에 적으시오. 96)

who are e___________ with a lot of e___________ in

helping us to raise children

97. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 것을 골라

차례대로 적으시오. 97)

(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

98. 다음은 (B)의 문장 구조를 전환한 것이다. 빈 칸

에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 98)

__________ navigating through the sea of opinions

and ideas, you will also notice the “experts”

sometimes conflicting __________ with each other

_______ with your goals and values.

99. (C)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 99)

The reason is ____________ you are ________ ________

__________ in the matters of your family

100. 글에서 필자가 주장하는 내용이 되도록 영영풀

이를 참고하고 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 100)

Parents should take the i_______________ in making

decisions in matters related to their families.

the first of a series of actions



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Now I am not in any way suggesting that you,

dear mom, need to follow my lead and become

slightly addicted to photography or (a)[preserve /

preserving] your memories in scrapbooks. However,

I am strongly suggesting that you (b)[take / should

take] a lot of pictures of your children to

document their lives and save those memories.

They are changing every day. Of course (A)you are

so busy trying to keep life together that you

probably have not had time to notice! But trust me

on this; you will treasure these pictures for a

lifetime. Even if you cannot take the time to

organize your photos, take lots of pictures. Label

and file them in consecutive order in an acid-free

box. Then when you (c)[have / will have] time in

twenty or thirty years, you can look back through

them and enjoy the strong emotions and memories

that they evoke.

* consecutive: 연이은 ** evoke: 불러일으키다



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________



you are too busy trying to keep life together _____

___________________________________.

103. 다음은 위 글의 요지문이다. 보기의 단어들을

알맞게 배열하고 빈 칸을 채우시오. [ 일부 단어 변형가능함 ]103)

You need to take a lot of pictures ___________

___________________________________________________.

<보기>

store, those, your child's life, record, have, and

memories



내신

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- 23 -


Many students lack the life experiences (A)to

imagine that people in other cultures live, behave,

and believe differently. Online collaborations create

(가)[authentic / automatic] ways for students to

learn about places they have never experienced. For

instance, a crossnational sharing between

elementary schools in different climates revealed

that students in one school had questions about

snow, which they had never seen, while the partner

students were trying to (나)[imagine / remind]

open-air, year-round schools. Minor differences are

not (다)[major / minor] to students who have never

been exposed to any differences at all. Given that

most students will, as adults, work in international

markets, (C)the more they receive exposure to

different cultural patterns during school years, (C)[

they, as, will, make, successful, the transition, adults

].

104. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 빈 칸 (A)엔 한 단어

(B)에는 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 104)

Many students lack the life experiences (A)________

they can imagine the lives, (B)_________________________

____________________ of people in other cultures.

105. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 것

을 골라 차례대로 적으시오.105)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

106. (C)에서 표현상 어색한 곳을 찾아 고쳐 적으시

오. 106)

________________________ → _______________________

107. (C)의 괄호 안의 단어들을 글의 흐름에 맞게 배

열하고 고쳐 적으시오. 107)

108. 다음은 위 글의 요지문이다. 보기의 괄호 안의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하고 변형하여 영작하시오. 108)

Students _______________________________________________

____________________________.

<보기>

experience / offer / the opportunity / various /

should / cultures



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5강 주제 파악

v 다음 글을 읽고 주어진 각 질문에 답하시오.

(Gateway)

When we hear a story, we look for beliefs that

are being (a)[commented / commented upon]. Any

story has many possible beliefs inherent in it. But

how does someone listening to a story find those

beliefs? We find them by looking through the

beliefs we already have. We are (B)[ not, as,

concerned, with, what, we, are hearing, as, we are,

with, finding, what we already know, that is

relevant ]. Picture it in this way. As understanders,

we have a list of beliefs, indexed by subject area.

When a new story appears, we attempt to find (b)[

an our belief / a belief of ours ] that relates to it.

When we do, we find a story (c)[attaching /

attached] to that belief and compare the story in

our memory to _______________ we are processing.

(C)Our understanding of the new story becomes, at

that point, a function of the old story. Once we

find a belief and connected story, we need no

further processing; that is, the search for other

beliefs stops.

109. 보기의 단어들을 이용하여 위 글의 주제문을

만들고자 한다. 알맞게 배열하고 고쳐 적으시오. 109)

<보기>

the beliefs / comprehend / new / we / play / the

role / hold / in / a story

110. 아래 우리말과 일치하도록 (B)의 괄호 안의 단

어들을 알맞게 배열하여 적으시오. 110)

이미 알고 있는 관련성이 있는 것을 발견하는 데 대

해서만큼 관심이 없다

__________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________

111. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 것을 골라 차례대로 적으시오. 111)

(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

112. 위 글 빈 칸에 들어갈 말이 되도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 112)

________ __________ = ______________

113. (C)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 113)

At that point, the old story ________ _______ ________

______ _______ the new story becomes



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(가)As the technological revolution gathers pace,

education and training are thought to be the

answer to everything. They are, but we have to

understand the question.

(A) The problem is that present expansion is based

on a fundamental misconception: the confusion

of academic ability with intelligence.

(B) Educating more people—and to a much higher

standard—is vital. But we also have to educate

them differently.

(C) As a result, many highly intelligent people have

passed through education feeling they aren’t.

Many academically able people have never

discovered their other abilities.

(D) For years academic ability has been conflated

with intelligence, and this idea has been

institutionalised into testing systems,

examinations, selection procedures, teacher

education and research.

* conflate: 하나로 합치다

114. 주어진 글에 이어지는 글의 순서가 맞게 다음

괄호 안의 적으시오. 114)

( ) → ( ) → ( ) → ( )

115. (가)의 문장구조를 전환한 것이다. 빈 칸에 알맞

은 단어를 적으시오. 115)

_______ _______ ________ of the technological

revolution, ________ _______ _______ ________ education

and training are the answer to everything.

116. (B)의 밑줄 친 문장과 의미가 일치하도록 다음


_______ _______ than educating more people to a

much higher standard, we have to educate them

differently.

117. (C)의 밑줄 친 문장과 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.117)

Many highly intelligent people have _________

_________ passing through education feeling they

aren’t.

118. 위 글의 주제가 되도록 본문의 단어나 어구를

활용하여 빈 칸을 채우시오. 118)

problems with __________ ___________ _________

__________ _________



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Food marketing refers to any activity conducted

by a company in the food, beverage, or restaurant

industry to encourage purchase of its products.

Food preferences develop at a very early age,

primarily through (가)[learning / recognition]

processes. Once established, these eating patterns

are (나)[easy / difficult] to change. (A)Parents are a

key influence in the early development of food

preferences; however, outside influences become

increasingly important, especially during middle

childhood and adolescence. (B)Food marketing

promotes highly desirable, but unhealthy, products

to youth. The overexposure to food marketing

presents a public health issue to youth. Unlike

tobacco and alcohol consumption, young people

do not need to learn that consuming these foods

is (다)[awarding / rewarding]. From birth, humans

prefer the taste of foods high in sugar, fat, and

salt (i.e., the foods most commonly advertised).

119. (B)와 의미가 일치하도록 조건에 맞게 다음 빈

칸 (A), (B)를 완성하시오. 119)

Parents have (A)_________________________ the early

development of food preferences, (B)_____________

______________ increasingly important, especially during

middle childhood and adolescence.

(A)______________________ (B)_______________________

<조건>

(A)는 4단어로 구성됨

(B)는 5단어로 구성되고 follow를 포함하는 분사구

문으로 만들 것



(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

121. 다음은 (B)의 두 문장을 한 문장으로 연결한 것

이다. 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 문맥에 맞는 단어를 적으시오. 121)

Food marketing promotes highly desirable, but

unhealthy, products to youth, (A)_______ overexposure

to food marketing presents them (B)________ a public

health issue.

122. 다음은 위 글의 주제문이다. 빈 칸에 주어진 철

자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 122)

Food marketing has great e____________ on y_________

forming food c___________.



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When one or more lions merely walk along,

wildebeest raise their heads, cock their ears, snort,

and occasionally stamp a foreleg. These signals

alert the herd. Wildebeest may stop their constant

snorting when a lion approaches, (B)[ a pool of

silence, that, is, create, as, stimulus contrast, as, an

alarm snort, effective, a], especially at night. Usually

prey watch the predator until it moves on, but at

times they approach it and keep it under

(가)o_______. This is called curiosity or (나)f__________.

If a lion stops or turns toward them, the animals

may wheel, flee a few meters, and look again,

keeping the distance between themselves and the

lion at about 50 m. It helps to keep sight of a

predator that is mainly dangerous when it is

hidden. In contrast, prey do not usually follow wild

dogs and hyenas, which hunt openly.

* wildebeest: 영양 ** cock: (귀를) 쫑긋 세우다 ***

snort: (코를) 킁킁거리다; (코를) 킁킁거림

123. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 123)

wildebeest alert the herd by ___________ ____________

as raise their heads, cock their ears, snort, and

occasionally stamp a foreleg.

124. 아래 우리말과 일치하도록 위 글 (B)의 단어들

을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오.124)

경고로 코를 킁킁거리며 내는 소리만큼 효과적인 대

비를 이루는 자극인 정적이 가득한 공간을 만들어

낸다.

125. (가), (나)의 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 알

맞은 단어를 적으시오.125)

(가)o____________________ (나)f____________________

126. 위 글의 주제가 되도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단


d___________(e)s of wildebeest against their predators



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(A)The idea that folk music is a product of

nature played an important part in the rise of

musical nationalism, and it was part of the complex

of ideas at the root of romantic nationalism. In the

German Romantic movement, the folk song was (a)

[considered / considered as] an expression of the

“purely human.” (B)Instead of being universal,

however, that expression was thought to vary from

one nation to the next. Folk song was regarded as

a reflection of the particular mystical characteristics

of a people and (b)[ go / to go ] back to times

immemorial. In this scheme, the division of

mankind into nations was a natural fact. Every

nation was said to have (c)[its / their] own

deep-rooted identity, its “national soul.” (C)Folk

music was believed to be the clearest expression of

the national character, a typical feature enshrined in

every nation.

* enshrine: 소중히 간직하다

127. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적고 괄호 안의 동사를 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 127)

_______ ________ ________ the idea play an important

part in the rise of musical nationalism, but it also

was part of the complex of ideas (root) romantic

nationalism

128. (B)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은


however, that expression was thought to be not

universal so _________ _________ _________ from one

nation to the next.


(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

130. (C)와 의미가 일치하도록 조건에 맞게 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 130)

It was believed that __________________________________

____________________________.

<조건>

* 부정어를 이용한 비교급으로 전환할 것

* expression을 동사로 바꿀 것

131. 다음은 위 글의 요약문이다. 다음 빈 칸 (A), (B), (C)에 본문에서 맞는 어구를 찾아 적으시오. 131)

Folk music is an important part of (A)__________

_____________, with the sense that it is a product of

(B)___________________, and that this nature is uniquely

expressed among national groups, indicating a

"(C)____________________."



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6강 제목 파악

v 글을 읽고 주어진 각 질문에 답하시오. (Gateway)

With the general (a)(access) of photocopiers in

student libraries, students tend to copy the relevant

material for later use. In such cases the students

are not always (b)(select) about what they copy.

(A)Often useless material is gathered that may

seem important at the time but does not seem so

in their study room on the night before an exam

or essay due date. In addition, when most people

photocopy material from books, they feel as if they

have actually accomplished something. After all, a

few photocopied pages in their notebook now

represent information that used to be in a big,

thick book. The reality of the situation is that

(B)____________________________________________ yet. The

student only has the information in a (c)(transport)

form. He or she has not learned anything from the

material. The information content of the

photocopied sheets (C)도서관 책꽂이에 놓여 있었던

것만큼 생소할 뿐이다.

132. (A)에서 유추할 수 있는 내용이 되도록 다음 보

기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 빈 칸을 완성하시오. 132)

Students _______________________________________________

______________________.

<보기>

materials / that / are / tend to / photocopy /

necessary / to / their / and / important / study

133. 위 글 (B)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 본

문의 단어와 표현을 활용하여 5단어로 적으시오.133)

_____________ ___________ ____________ ___________

_____________

134. (C)의 밑줄 친 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 적으시오. 134)

<보기>

is, as, if, it, on, as, foreign, leave, the library shelf

__________________________________________________________

____________________________.

135. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안의 동사를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 135)

(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

136. 위 글의 주제문을 보기 단어들을 이용해서 조건에 맞게 영작하시오.136)

<보기>

photocopy, materials, not, itself, students, is, a

sign, of, accomplish

<조건>

1. 주어를 동명사구로 할 것

2. 밑줄 친 단어를 알맞게 변형할 것.

__________________________________________________________

____________________________.



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(A)Just as we shouldn’t let others do our thinking,

we can’t depend on others to be creative for us.

Everyone is capable, and (B)it’s everyone’s

responsibility to contribute through participation

and support. Today, every salesperson, computer

programmer, and small-business owner must use

their natural creativity to thrive. (a)(adapt) to our

changing economy requires that we invent new

ways of doing our most basic tasks—all within our

budget, timetable, and desired level of quality. (B)다

른 사람에게 창의성을 맡긴다면 큰 성과를 거두지 못

할 것이고, and (C)[ you, leave, out of, the new

economy ]. According to a recent study about the

global creativity gap, eight out of ten people feel

that (b)(lock) creativity is critical to economic

growth, and (D)two-thirds of respondents feel

creativity is valuable to society. But only one in

four people believe they are living up to their

creative potential.

* thrive: 번성하다

137. (A)와 의미가 일치하도록 다음 문장의 빈 칸에


__________ _________ __________ let others do our

thinking nor ________ __________ _________ on others to

be creative for us.

138. (B)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 적으시오. [필요시 단어 추가하고 변형할 것]138)

<보기>

leave / to / if / you / would / others / be /

creative / get / not / much / do

139. (C)의 괄호 안의 단어들을 문맥에 맞게 배열하

여 다시 적으시오. 139)

_________________________________________________

140. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안의 동사를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 140)

(a)_________________ (b)_________________

141. 위 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 알맞은 단어와 어구를 적으시오. [필요시 단어 변형 가능] 141)

If everyone is capable and responsible but leaves

(A)____________ to others, they will not achieve much

and (B)____________________________________________

<보기>

creative / alienate / from / the new economic

system / will



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From our earliest experiences of narrative,

beginning with the stories our parents tell us when

we do something (a)[ which / of which] they

particularly approve or disapprove, we know,

without needing complex (가)[interpretive / intuitive]

theories, that stories have a (나)[moral / morale], a

lesson we are supposed to learn and integrate.

Indeed, many of the stories we are told are

carefully selected to present particular pictures of

the world rather than others for precisely this

reason. When young, it is our parents who practice

the selection, but as we get older, other

institutions, including commercial interests, also vie

(b)[to present / presenting] particular lessons rather

than others by means of narratives about the

world. Our educational systems are narrative forces

of precisely this sort, (c)[use / using] language that

is carefully selected and (다)[anything but / nothing

but] neutral to propose a particular view of the

world in order to ________________ us.

* vie: 다투다, 경쟁하다



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________



(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

144. 위 글의 제목이 되도록 다음 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 144)

We G____________ Through H____________ Stories

145. 위 글의 흐름상 빈 칸에 알맞은 동사를 적으시오. 145)

146. 위 글의 요지문이다. 보기 단어들을 알맞게 배

열하여 빈 칸을 채우시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함] 146)

The stories we hear _________________________________,

___________________________________________

<보기>

have / to convey / socialize / to us / through /

which / we / understand / certain / lessons / and

/the world



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As a producer of the product with a selection of

green vegetables that were laid out along the full

length of the display, (A)the chances are that more

are sold at the ends of the linear display and less

in the middle. Consumers tend to purchase at the

ends. The aim is to maximize sales along the whole

shop fixture. Therefore (B)소비자를 끌어들이고 판매

량을 올리기 위해 진열대 중앙에 빨간색이 사용된다.

Why red? Red has hidden messages in a

consumer’s mind. It can indicate danger, stop, or

passion. (C)Whatever the message, red stands out

and attracts the eye to it. The aim is to draw the

consumer’s eye to the middle of the display. It

works; give it a try on a stall. Put a red product in

the middle. If a red product is not available, use a

red drape in the centre of the display to achieve

the same result.

* fixture: (붙박이) 설치물 ** drape: 휘장

147. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 보기의 단어를

알맞게 배열하여 빈 칸을 채우시오. 147)

the more products are displayed at the ends of the

linear, __________________________________________________

<보기>

are / the chances /are / more / that / sold / than

/ in the middle / there

148. 밑줄 친 (B)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단

어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함] 148)

<보기>

red / the middle of / and / lift / the bench / use

/ in / attract / the consumer / sales

149. 위 글의 제목을 만들고자 한다, 다음 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 149)

Which Is More Influential for Sales, C___________ or

P_____________?

150. (C)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다.


No ________ _________ the __________ _________ _____,

red stands out and attracts the eye to it.

151. 위 글의 주제문이다. 본문에 있는 단어를 이용하여 빈 칸에 적으시오. 151)

Consumers tend to buy at ________ _________ of the

shelves, so to increase sales, red, an eye-catching

index needs to be displayed ________ ________ ________

to catch the eye of consumers.



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Anchoring and adjustment can severely affect our

(가)[retrospective / introspective] personal memory.

While such memory is (나)[introspectively /

retrospectively] a process of “(A)dredging up” what

actually happened, it is to a large extent anchored

by our current beliefs and feelings. This principle

has been well established both in the psychological

laboratory and in surveys. What we have at the

time of recall is, after all, only our current state,

which includes fragments (memory traces) of our

past experience; these fragments are (다)[biased /

unbiased] by what we now believe (or feel) to be

true to an extent much greater than we know

(a)(conscious). Moreover, the organization of these

fragments of past experience into (b)(mean)

patterns is even more influenced by our current

beliefs and moods —especially if we are particularly

depressed or (c)(courage).

* retrospective: 회고적인 ** introspectively: 자기 성

찰적으로 *** dredge up: ~을 들추다



(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

153. (A)의 의미가 맞도록 다음 빈 칸에 주어진 철자

로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 153)

“dredging up means s_____________ thoroughly for

something valuable or l____________

154. 다음은 위 글의 제목이다. 본문의 단어를 활용하거나 이용하여 빈 칸에 적으시오.154)

R_________________ Past Memories in the C____________

155. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안의 단어를 문맥과 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 155)

(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

156. 위 글의 요지문이 되도록 다음 빈 칸에 본문의 단어를 사용하여 적으시오.156)

Memories of the past are ______________,

___________by our present beliefs and moods.



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9강 어법 정확성 파악


(A)The Internet allows information to flow more

freely than ever before. We can communicate and

share ideas in unprecedented ways. These

developments are revolutionizing our self-expression

and enhancing our freedom. But there’s a problem.

(B)We’re heading toward a world where an

extensive trail of information fragments about us

will be forever preserved on the Internet, displayed

instantly in a search result. (C)[ force / detailed /

live / with / we / will / a record ] beginning with

childhood that will stay with us for life wherever

we go, (D)searchable and accessible from anywhere

in the world. This data can often be of dubious

reliability; (E)it can be false; or it can be true but

deeply humiliating. It may be increasingly difficult

to have a fresh start or a second chance. We

might find it harder to engage in self-exploration if

every false step and foolish act is preserved forever

in a permanent record.

* dubious: 의심스러운

157. (A)의 두 문장을 한 문장으로 결합하고자 한다.

글의 흐름에 맞게 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 157)

<조건>

1. (A)에는 의미에 맞는 전치사를 포함할 것.

2. (B)는 원 문장의 can의 의미를 살리는 단어를 사

용할 것.

(A)[________ __________] information to flow more

freely than ever before, the Internet (B)____________ us

to communicate and share ideas in unprecedented

ways

158. (B)에서 유추할 수 있는 내용이 되도록 다음 빈

칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 158)

We’re heading toward a world where individual

p______________ wont be p______________.

159. 아래 우리말과 일치하도록 (C)의 괄호 안의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하고 몇몇 단어를 고쳐 적으시오. 159)

우리는 어쩔 수 없이 평생 우리와 함께하게 될 상세

한 기록을 지니고 살게 될 것이다

160. (D)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈


and they can be searched and _________ __________

_______________ we are in the world

161. (E)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다.


It can be ___________ false or true but deeply

humiliating __________ to make ________ increasingly

difficult to have a fresh start or a second chance



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Unfortunately, setting only big goals can feel

(a)[overwhelming / overwhelmed] because they

often take (b)[a lot / a lot of] more time and

energy than smaller goals. So break down large

goals into smaller, more digestible and manageable

chunks. As you achieve each smaller goal, (A)[ with

/ what / you’ll / and / motivate / feel / inspire /

continue / leave ] to ultimately achieve the larger

overall goal. (B)Each smaller success will bring you

a great sense of accomplishment and tremendous

happiness. (C)Maybe you want to spend more time

with friends. Maybe you want to increase the time

you spend on a favorite hobby. Or maybe (D)you

want to increase your time meditating or practicing

yoga. All of these, although seemingly small, are

valid and (c)[worth / worthy] goals. Sometimes

smaller things in life bring us the greatest joy!



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

163. (A)의 괄호 안의 단어들을 아래 우리말에 맞게

배열하고 일부 단어를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 163)

남겨진 것을 계속하도록 영감을 받고 동기가 부여될

것이다

164. (B)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 164)

_____________________________________________________, the

more you will get a great sense of accomplishment

and tremendous happiness.

165. (C)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 165)

Maybe you want _____________ to spend more time

with friends __________ to increase the time you

spend on a favorite hobby



you want to increase your time meditating or

practicing yoga, all of __________, despite their

__________ _________, are valid



내신

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Dramatic play provides a risk-free stage where

children can explore and experiment with ideas,

test and evaluate their skills, and add to and

change the environment in their own ways. In

role-play, (A)children act as if they are someone

else, imagining and weighing possibilities. This helps

them analyze situations from different perspectives.

(B)Pretending to be someone else, with all the

gestures, actions, and language that involves, gives

children practice (a)(think) divergently as they

consider different things they can pretend to do.

After they (b)(decide) what and how to play,

(C)their attention shifts to staging the play they

have planned. Their thinking becomes more

convergent. (D)Creativity and innovation rely heavily

on divergent thinking, but (c)(accomplish) goals,

convergent thinking is also necessary. It’s no

wonder that research shows that young children

who spend a good deal of time role-playing have

high scores on measures of creativity.

* divergent: 발산하는, 갈라지는 ** convergent: 수

렴하는, 한 점에 모이는



children m__________ b__________ to be someone else,

imagining and weighing possibilities

168. (B)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 조건에 맞게 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 168)

(A)____________ someone else (B)_________ using all

the gestures, actions, and language (C)___________

<조건>

(A)본문의 단어를 사용하고 (B)는 전치사를 (C)는 본

문 단어를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적을 것.

169. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안의 동사를 어법에 고쳐 적으시오. 169)

(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

170. (C)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈

알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 170)

__________________________________________________________

_______________, the more convergent their thinking

becomes.


Creativity and innovation rely heavily on _________

divergent and convergent thinking.



내신

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(A)Under Roman law there was a time for the

coming of age of a son. But (B)the age when this

took place was not fixed as one might assume.

Rather, the father had the discretion in setting the

time of his son’s maturity. (C)A Roman child

became an adult at the sacred family festival

known as the Liberalia, held annually on the

seventeenth of March. At this time, the child was

formally acknowledged as the son and (가)__________

by his father, and he received the plain toga adults

wore in place of the toga with (D)a narrow purple

band at the foot of it which children wore. He was

then conducted by his friends and relations down

to the forum and formally introduced to public life.

* discretion: 재량권 ** toga: 토가(고대 로마 시민이

입던 헐렁한 겉옷)



Roman law described the time _____________________

___________________.

173. (B)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 173)

(A)_____________ general assumption, the age when

this took place was (B)_____________ as the father set

the time of his son’s maturity at discretion.

174. 아래 영영풀이를 참고하여 (가)의 빈 칸에 들어

갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 174)

a person who is entitled by law or by the terms

of a will to inherit the estate of another

175. (C)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 본문의 표현을

이용하여 빈 칸을 채우시오. 175)

An annually held sacred family festival known as

the Liberalia _____________________________________________

_________________________.

176. (D)에서 절을 구로 전환하고자 한다. 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 176)

a narrow purple band at the foot of it __________

__________ __________



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(A)Not only do we tell stories to remember them.

(B)The opposite side of the coin is also true. We

fail to create stories in order to forget them. When

something unpleasant happens to us, we often say,

“I’d rather not talk about it,” because (C)그것에 대

해 말하지 않는 것이 잊는 것을 더 쉽게 만든다.

(D)Once you tell what happened to you, you will

be less able to forget the parts of the story that

you told. In some sense, telling a story makes it

happen again. If the story is not created in the

first place, however, it will only exist in its original

form, for example, in a form distributed among the

mental structures used in the initial processing.

Thus, (E)in the sense that it can be reconstructed,

the experience remains. When the experience was a

bad one, that sense of being in memory can have

annoying psychological consequences.



________ ________ ______ ______________ _________ is not

the only reason to tell them.

178. (B)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈


The opposite side of the coin means that we

r_________ to tell stories in order to forget them.

179. 밑줄 친 (C)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단

어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형

및 추가 가능함]179)

<보기>

not / it / make / forget / talk / about / easy

180. (D)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 180)

________________________________________ to forget the

parts of the story that you told.

<조건>

1. 동명사구를 주어로 하는 5형식 구조로 만들 것.

2. 동사는 make로 하고 8단어로 만들 것.



the p_________________ of its r_______________ makes

the experience remain



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10강 어휘 적절성 파악


Why does the “pure” acting of the movies not

seem (가)[natural / unnatural] to the audience, who,

after all, are accustomed in real life to people

whose expression is more or less (나)[distinct /

indistinct]? Most people’s perception in these

matters is not very sharp. They are not in the habit

of observing closely the play of features of their

fellow men—either in real life or at the movies.

They are satisfied with grasping the meaning of

what they see. Thus, (A)they often take in the

overemphasized expression of film actors less easily

than any that is too (다)[naturalistic / artificial]. And

(B)as far as lovers of art are concerned, they do

not look at the movies for imitations of nature but

for art. They know that artistic representation is

always explaining, refining, and making clear the

object depicted. Things that in real life (C)불완전하

게 인식되고, 그저 암시되기만 하며, 다른 것들과 얽

힌 appear in a work of art complete, entire, and

free from irrelevant matters. (D)This is also true of

acting in film.

* entangle: 얽히게 하다

182. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 것

을 골라 차례대로 적으시오. 182)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

183. 글의 문맥상 (A)에서 잘못된 부분을 찾아 고쳐

적으시오. 183)

______________________ → _______________________

184. (B)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다.


when it __________ to lovers of art, they do not look

at the movies for imitations of nature _______ ________

_________ for art.

185. 밑줄 친 (C)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함] 185)

<보기>

imperfect / realize / merely / hint / and /

entangle / with / other things

186. (D)의 This가 의미하는 바를 우리말로 적으시오. 186)



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I have known several negotiators guilty of hubris.

(A)They often dig their own graves because once

they have made a take-it-or-leave-it offer, they

can’t tolerate the thought of losing face by

returning to the table. You may argue that it’s

important to display toughness and resolve to the

other side. However, (B)earning a reputation for

being tough doesn’t serve you well at the

negotiation table. Indeed, a reputation as a tough

negotiator leads to a number of (C)[ high, desire ]

outcomes — for example, counterparties will treat

you with greater suspicion and act much tougher

than they normally would. In an investigation of 교

섭 평판이 남들이 여러분을 대하는 방식에 어떻게 영

향을 미치는지, Cathy Tinsley found that “tough

guys finish last,” meaning that people negotiate

more aggressively with those who have a

reputation for toughness.

* hubris: 자만


보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하고 변형하여 빈 칸을 완성하시오. 187)

Their take-it-or-leave-it attitude _____________________

________________________ by returning to the table.

<보기>

but /end / no / up / with / choice / lose / face

188. (B)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. (A)의 괄호안의 단어를 알맞게 변형하고 (B)는 본문에서 단어를 찾아 적으시오. 188)

if you are (A)(fame) for being tough, you will lead

hard (B)____________ at the negotiation table.

189. (C)의 괄호 안의 단어들을 문맥과 어법에 맞게

고쳐 적으시오. 189)

_______________ _________________

190. (D)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 알

맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가

가능함]190)

<보기>

you / how / reputation / others / affect /

bargaining / treat



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(A)The sale of street food is a widespread form of

self-employment for the poor and otherwise

unemployed in cities in developing countries. It

requires relatively basic skills and small amounts of

capital, and (B)provides the vendor’s families with a

reasonable income. It also provides food security to

the urban poor, who may not have the assets to

prepare their own meal. It has been estimated that

in India alone, there are more than 10 million

street vendors, and some studies say (C)they

constitute around 2 percent of the population of

the major metropolises. In developed countries,

(D)food carts and trucks can be a gateway for

trained chefs who do not have the resources to

launch a brick-and-mortar restaurant.



The sale of street food _______ ________ _________

_________ both the poor and the unemployed in cities

in developing countries

<조건>

* favor를 동사로 사용할 것



__________________________________ the vendor’s families

with a reasonable income, but it also provides food

security to the urban poor,



they constitute around 2 percent as _______ _________

the population of the major metropolises


food carts and trucks can be a gateway for trained

chefs who do not a______________ to launch a

brick-and-mortar restaurant



내신

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We have seen many examples of primate societies

in which other community members lend parents a

hand with childcare. In many preindustrial societies,

parents receive (가)even more help when (A)they

have too many children to raise. Foster care of

young, or temporary adoption, is a common

solution for families in preindustrial societies who

have too many children. (B)Fostering differs from

adoption in that the bond between biological

parents and children is not terminated. The child

goes to its foster parents after (나)_______________,

but can return to its biological parents at any time

if the arrangement doesn’t work out. Biological

parents continue to interact with children they have

fostered out and remain concerned about them,

but allow another family to raise them. In this way,

children do not lose their biological parents and

are raised by individuals who are better able to

care for them. (C)Permanent adoption, with a

complete separation of the parent-child bond, is

rare in these societies.

* primate: 영장류 ** weaning: 젖떼기

195. 밑줄 친 (가)가 지칭하는 것을 글에서 찾아 영

어로 쓰시오 195)

__________________ and _________________


알맞은 어구를 적으시오.196)

they have so many children _________________________.



The difference between fostering and adoption is

______ the _________ of the bond between biological

parents and children.

198. 아래 영영풀이와 주어진 철자를 참고하여 (나)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 단어를 적으시오. 198)

w______________: act of mother stopping feeding it

milk and starting giving it other food, especially

solid food

199. (C)에서 유추할 수 있는 내용이 되도록 본문에

서 알맞은 단어를 찾아 다음 빈 칸에 적으시오.199)

________________ adoption, without a complete

separation of the parent-child bond, is _____________

in these societies.



내신

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One of the persistent (가)m_______________s of

mainstream society is that the knowledge we study

in schools is factual and neutral. Yet we know that

knowledge evolves over time and is dependent on

the moment in history and the cultural

(나)r_____________ point of the society that accepts it.

(A)Thinking critically involves more than just

acquiring new information in order to determine

which facts are true and which false. It also

involves determining the social, historical, and

political meaning given to those facts. This

determination includes assessing the investment

various groups may have in (다)f______________ or

challenging those meanings in any particular

historical moment. For example, there was a time

when it was not widely understood that the Earth

is round. Common sense might tell us that it is

flat, and (B)광대한 풍경을 내다보는 사람은 누구라도

이 생각을 확인받게 될 것이었다. Yet when scientific

reasoning and more accurate technological methods

for measuring the Earth emerged, the knowledge

or “fact” that the Earth is flat was rewritten.

200. 빈칸 (가)~(다)에 들어갈 적절한 단어를 아래 보

기에서 각각 선택하시오.200)

(가)m_________________: groundless belief

(나)r_________________: standard

(다)f_________________: promoting the growth of



Thinking critically involves determining the social,

historical, and political meaning given to those facts

_________________________________ new information in

order to determine which facts are true and which

false.


어들을 알맞게 배열하여 빈 칸을 채우시오. [단

어 변형 및 추가 가능함]202)

(A)____________________________ a vast landscape, he or

she (B)_______________________________.

<보기>

if / out / over / anyone / look /have / this sense

/ would / confirm

203. 위 글의 주제문이 되도록 다음 빈 칸에 주어진

철자로 시작하는 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.203)

This article argues that knowledge that we believe

to be true can actually be r_____________, reflecting

c________________ and cultural values.



내신

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11강 지칭 추론


In the summer of 1972, the actor Anthony

Hopkins (a)[signed / was signed] to play a leading

role in a film based on George Feifer’s novel The

Girl from Petrovka. (A)That is why he traveled to

London to buy a copy of the book. Unfortunately,

none of the main London bookstores had a copy.

Then, on his way home, waiting for an

underground train at Leicester Square tube station,

he saw a discarded book (b)[laying / lying] on the

seat next to him. It was a copy of The Girl from

Petrovka. (B)As if that was not coincidence enough,

more was to follow. Later, when he had a chance

to meet the author, Hopkins told him about this

strange occurrence. Feifer was interested. (a)He said

to him that in November 1971 he had lent a

friend a copy of the book—a unique copy in which

(b)he had made notes on turning the British

English into American English for the publication of

an American version—but (c)his friend had lost the

copy in London. A quick check of the copy (d)he

had found showed that it was the very same copy

(c)[as / that] (e)his friend had mislaid.

.

204. 밑줄 친 (a)～(e) 가운데 가리키는 대상이 나머

지 넷과 다른 것을 골라 적으시오. 204)



______________________, he traveled to London to buy

a copy of the book.


(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

207. (B)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장이다. 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 207)

That was no a_____________ compared to the story

that follows.



내신

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Victor Frankenstein decided to take lifeless items

and make them come alive. (A)He went to

slaughterhouses, graveyards, and even coroner’s

offices to steal what he needed for his creation.

He then put all of his materials together and

brought his creature to life. This lifeless, dead

(가)e_______________ did come alive. His goal was to

take this monster and give (a)it life. Well, he did it.

He created (b)it, and these days we know it by his

last name—Frankenstein. (B)그가 몰랐던 것은 그가

야수를 창조했다는 것이다. The tragedy of

Frankenstein is that after he was created, after

(d)he was given life, after he was nothing and then

made into something, he turned on Victor and

made (d)his maker a victim of his own creation.

Frankenstein became a monster because he took

the life that was given him and used (e)it for his

own purpose.

* slaughterhouse: 도축장 ** coroner:

(변사자 등의) 검시관 *** entity: 실체

208. 밑줄 친 (a)～(e) 가운데 가리키는 대상이 나머

지 넷과 다른 것을 골라 적으시오. 208)

209. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 209)

For his creation, he went to slaughterhouses,

graveyards, and even coroner’s offices to steal what

he needed, all ____________________________________ and

brought to life.

210. 아래 영영풀이와 주어진 철자를 참고하여 (가)

의 빈 칸에 들어갈 단어를 적으시오. 210)

_________________ something which is perceived or

known or inferred to have its own distinct

existence (living or nonliving)

211. 밑줄 친 (C)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함] 211)

<보기>

he / know / is / that / what / he / create / a

beast



내신

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- 46 -


Samuel Phelps once got into financial trouble,

and he applied to fellow actor William Charles

Macready for help. Mr. Macready asked him first

why he had gotten into debt and second how

much he (a)[owed / owed to]. The answers to both

questions were (b)[lacking / lacked], as Mr. Phelps

said that (A)he couldn’t help getting into debt and

that he didn’t know how much he owed. Mr.

Macready sent him away, telling him to return the

next day with a full accounting of his debts. He

did so, and returned with a list of debts (c)[totaling

/ totalled] £400. Mr. Macready then gave him a

check for £450 and his beautiful smile to go with

it. The check was timely. Mr. Phelps was arrested

for debt almost immediately, and since he had the

check in his hand he was able to tell the bailiff to

take him to the bank so he could get the money

to pay his debts.

* bailiff: (재산 압류를 집행하는) 집행관



he couldn’t ___________ get into debt

he had _______ _________ _______ to get into debt



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________



If the check ________________________________, ________

__________________________ almost immediately.

215. (C)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 215)

w_________ the check in his hand, he could

p____________ the bailiff to take him to the bank



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(A)Whenever Degas came across one of his

paintings that someone had bought, he would

want to make changes to it. One pastel that

disturbed him was owned by his friend Henri

Rouart. (B)After seeing it again and again whenever

he came to visit, Degas finally persuaded Rouart to

let him take it back for corrections. (C)Rouart was

very fond of the pastel, but Degas wore him out

with his persistence. After some time, his friend

asked Degas about his beloved pastel. But the

artist always put him off with one excuse or

another. Finally Degas had to confess that (D)[ little

completely / retouch / his / become / and / the

pastel / a disaster / destroy ]. To make up for the

loss, Degas gave Rouart a new painting titled

Dancers at the Bar.

* persistence: 집요함



Degas did not come across one of his paintings

that someone had bought ___________ ______________

eager to make changes to it



Degas __________ came to visit and saw it again and

again _________ finally persuaded Rouart to let him

take it back for corrections

218. (C)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 218)

Very fond of the pastel, Rouart _____________________

______________

<조건>

1. 6단어로 할 것.

219. (D)의 괄호 안의 단어들을 문맥에 맞게 배열하고 일부 단어를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오.219)

__________________________________________________________

____________________________________________.



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(A)Lord Duveen was the most famous art dealer

of his time. Finally receiving a(n) (가)_________________

from J.P. Morgan, Duveen went into the presence

of Morgan in his luxurious mansion on Fifth

Avenue. Without a greeting, Morgan pointed to

five large vases on his marble floor and told

Duveen that three were sixteenth-century Ming

masterpieces, and (a)[other / the other] two exact

copies that had cost him a fortune (b)[to make /

to have made]. (B)He commanded Duveen to study

the vases and tell him which were the copies and

which were the invaluable originals. Lord Duveen

walked up to the vases, hardly glancing at them,

(c)[raising / raised] his pearl-handled cane and, with

two violent strokes, smashed two of them to

smithereens. (C)From that moment, every painting

and art object that J.P. Morgan collected until the

day he died, he bought from the great English

salesman.

* smithereens: 작은 파편


아래 조건에 맞게 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 220)

__________________________________________________________

____________________ at that time

<조건>

1. 부정어를 이용한 동등비교로 변형할 것.



a_____________: a conference (usually with someone

important)



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________


He commanded Duveen that the vase ___________

__________________

224. (C)에서 유추할 수 있는 내용이 되도록 보기의

단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함] 224)

J.P Morgan ____________________________________________

___________________________.

<보기>

sent / reveal / in / limited / confidence / in /

Lord Duveen / his expertise / bold / action



내신

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- 49 -

12강 빈칸 내용 추론


(A)Food unites as well as distinguishes eaters

because what and how one eats forms much of

one’s (가)[emotional / social] tie to a group

identity, (B)그것이 국가든 민족이든지 간에. The

famous twentieth- century Chinese poet and scholar

Lin Yutang remarks, “Our love for fatherland is

largely a matter of recollection of the keen

(나)[sensual /imaginative] pleasure of our childhood.

The loyalty to Uncle Sam is the loyalty to American

doughnuts, and the loyalty to the Vaterland is the

loyalty to Pfannkuchen and Stollen.” Such keen

connection between food and national or ethnic

identification clearly indicates the truth that cuisine

and table narrative occupy a significant place in the

(다)[developing / training] grounds of a community

and its civilization, and thus, eating, cooking, and

talking about one’s cuisine are vital to a

community’s (라)w_______________ and continuation.

In other words, (C)[ a community / its / depend on

/ well / it / nourish / the destiny / how / of

/members ].

* nourish: 기르다



Not only _______________________________________________

____________________.

226. 밑줄 친 (B)의 우리말과 일치하도록 빈 칸에 알


_______ _______ a nation or an _____________



(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

228. 아래 영영풀이와 주어진 철자를 참고하여 (라)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.228)

w___________________: an undivided or unbroken

completeness or totality with nothing wanting

229. (B)의 괄호 안의 단어들을 문맥에 맞게 배열하

고 일부 단어를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오.229)

__________________________________________________________

___________________________________________.



내신

대비

- 50 -


Gestures and speech used (가)[ different /similar ]

neural circuits as they developed in our

evolutionary history. University of Chicago

psycholinguist David McNeill was the first to

suggest (A)this. He thought nonverbal and verbal

skills might retain their (나)[strong / weak] ties

even though they’ve diverged into separate

behavioral spheres. He was right. Studies confirmed

(B)it with a (다)[puzzling / understandable] finding:

People who could no longer move their limbs after

a brain injury also (C)________________________________.

Studies of babies showed the same direct

association. (D)We now know that infants do not

gain a more sophisticated vocabulary until their

fine-motor finger control improves. That’s a

remarkable finding. Gestures are “windows into

thought processes,” McNeill says.

* diverge: 갈라지다

230. 밑줄 친 (A)가 지칭하는 바를 영어로 옮긴 것이

다. 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 230)

S______________ a similar neural circuit between

body language and language skills.

231. 밑줄 친 (B)가 지칭하는 것을 글에서 찾아 우리

말로 쓰시오. 231)


(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

233. 위 글의 빈칸 (C)에 문맥에 어울리는 문장을 보

기 단어를 알맞게 배열하고 일부 단어를 변형하여 적으시오. 233)

<보기>

ability / increasing / their / communicate / lose /

verbal



We now know that not until _____________________

____________________ a more sophisticated vocabulary.



내신

대비

- 51 -


Believe it or not, your child craves limits. She

truly needs a (가)______________ sense of order and

will grow (나)________________ without it. Think of

limits as an expanding corral. Limits provide a

physical environment (a)[in which / in where] your

child can feel safe and can learn. (A)As she grows

more capable, the boundaries will expand. She

begins in the womb, expands to a bassinet, and

then to her bed. You may feel your three-year-old

is too young for an overnight visit to a playmate’s

home. By the time she is five or six you may

occasionally consider it, and by the time she’s ten

you may be ready to say yes to a pajama party.

Your child’s (다)______________ determines (b)[how /

where] the boundaries expand. Your child does not

want control or dominance but a (라)_______________

that encourages her to think, to make choices, and

(c)[take / to take] chances.

* corral: 울타리 ** bassinet: 요람, 아기 침대

235. (A)의 문장을 조건에 맞추어 고쳐 쓰시오. 235)

<조건>

1. the+비교급 ～, the+ 비교급～ 구문으로 만들 것

2. wide, become을 대신 사용할 것

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________

236. 빈칸 (가)~(라)에 들어갈 적절한 단어를 아래 보

기에서 각각 선택하시오._236)

(가)_______________________

(나)_______________________

(다)_______________________

(라)_______________________

<보기>

flexible / anxious / readiness / structure


(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

238. 다음은 위 글의 요약문이다. 글의 내용에 맞게

빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 본문에서 찾아 적으시오, 238)

Children need (A)___________, in which they can

(B)________________ the boundaries within which they

can operate depending on their (C)_______________.



내신

대비

- 52 -


Once a staple crop is established, we have what

economists call a “lock-in.” (A)A pattern continues

because it is cheap to replicate and (B)would be

expensive, both financially and psychologically, to

change. The whole of north European agriculture is

based around a highly complex but very efficient

system of wheat and small-grain production. From

the plow types to the bakeries and pasta factories,

everything is set up to deal with wheat. So,

although the potato came early and proved far

more productive and well adapted than wheat,

wheat remains the staple food—except in areas too

poor and marginal to afford it. The iron hand of

economics forced the impoverished Irish and Poles

to live on potatoes in the old days, but they

yearned for bread—and now they can afford bread,

and are eating fewer potatoes. Potatoes added

themselves to the system, but did not destroy it.

* replicate: 반복하다 ** marginal: 수익이 안 나는



____________________________________________ to continue

<조건>

1. because 이하의 절을 명사구인 주어로 할 것.

2. 동사는 able을 활용할 것.



The pattern would be expensive, both financially

and psychologically, _______________________________.

<조건>

1. 부정사구를 내용에 맞는 절로 전환할 것.

2. 절의 주어를 주절의 주어와 일치할 것

3. 가정법 미래에 사용되는 조동사를 선택할 것,


in spite of the potato's early arrival and ___________

more productivity and _______ __________ than wheat

242. 위 글의 요지문이 되도록 보기의 단어들을 재배

열하여 적으시오. 242)

<보기>

Potatoes / be qualified / for / a staple food item

/ used to / in Europe /, / the system / but / did

not / destroy / wheat-based / they



내신

대비

- 53 -


Marsiela Gomez, a doctoral student in

pharmacology at Johns Hopkins, is a part Mayan

who was raised in a culture that (a)[teaches /

taught] the value of waiting for others to speak

first. (가)This habit has often caused problems for

her in the United States: “It is very frustrating,

because people think I have nothing to (b)[add /

add to]. Sometimes I find (c)[when / that when]

you wait to speak the answers are upcoming. In

this society, it’s so important for individuals to own

a point of view that (A)everyone feels the need to

be the first to put a certain opinion forward.

Oftentimes, (B)if I wait long enough, someone will

express my point of view.” She adds, “Sometimes if

one waits too long, the subject changes and then

my response is no longer relevant. (C)적절한 반응보

다 먼저 말하는 필요성이 더 중요한 것 같습니다.”

* pharmacology: 약(물)학

243. 밑줄 친 (가)가 지칭하는 것을 글에서 찾아 우

리말로 쓰시오.243)



everyone feels ________ ___________ to put a certain

opinion forward first.

245. (B)에서 유추할 수 있는 내용이 되도록 다음 보

기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함]245)

<보기>

tend / their / opinions / first / appropriate /

rather /put / than / respond /

Americans _____________________________________________

_____________________.

246. 위 글의 요지문이 되도록 다음 문장의 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오.246)

Marsiela Gomez is a mixed-race Mayan and feels

s___________ for Americans who feel the need to

s__________ b__________ a proper e____________.



가능함] 247)

<보기>

hear / first / seem / the need / more / important

/ be

__________________________________________________________

_____________ than the appropriate response.



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________



내신

대비

- 54 -


The idea of starting at the bottom and working

one’s way up may appear sound, but the major

objection to it is this—too many of those who

begin at the bottom (A)‘기회’가 알아볼 수 있을 만

큼 어떻게든 고개를 충분히 높이 드는 것을 절대로

못하는, so they remain at the bottom. It should be

remembered, also, that (B)the outlook from the

bottom is not so very bright or encouraging. It has

a tendency to kill off ambition. We call it‘getting

into a rut’, which means we accept our fate

because we form the habit of daily routine, (C)a

habit that finally becomes so strong we cease to

try to throw it off. And that is another reason why

it pays to start one or two steps above the

bottom. By so doing one forms the habit of

looking around, (D)[ observe / how / others / get

ahead ], of seeing opportunity, and of embracing it

without hesitation.

* get into a rut: 틀에 박히다

249. 밑줄 친 (A)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단

어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함]249)

<보기>

never / their heads / manage / high / enough /

see / lift / by / opportunity

__________________________________________________________

____________________________________.



the outlook from the bottom is ___________________

___________________________________.

<조건>

1. 단문구조로 전환할 것

2. fan off(부채질하다)를 포함시킬 것.


<조건>

1. too to 용법을 사용할 것

a habit that finally becomes _________________________

___________________________

252. 아래 우리말과 일치하도록 (D)의 단어들을 알맞

게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가

능함] 252)

다른 사람들이 어떻게 성공하는지 관찰하고

________________________________________________________



내신

대비

- 55 -


Hobbes held that if we (a)[knew / had known] in

advance the worst that war could do to us, (A)that

knowledge would be an effective preventative

measure. He was writing specifically about civil war,

as (b)[opposed / was opposed] to international war,

because he felt that (가)____________ gives a greater

potential to wound. Consider the (나)______________

relations the United States developed with Germany

and Japan, (c)[began / beginning] immediately after

the terrible events of World War II. Then compare

that with the (다)________________ emotional reaction

you are still bound to get by bringing up the Civil

War just about anywhere in the American South.

The War between the States (B)[ still / at home /

on / many / fight / levels ], almost a century and

a half later, while our foreign enemies of fifty years

ago are now our friends. Similarly, family feuds are

more bitter and lasting than neighborly disputes.

* feud: 싸움, 불화

253. 빈 칸 (가)~(다)에 들어갈 적절한 단어를 아래

보기에서 골라 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 253)

(가)_______________________

(나)_______________________

(다)_______________________

construct / close / overheat


빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 254)

we would t_________ a p_________ measure effectively

t___________ to that knowledge



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

256. (B)의 괄호 안의 단어들을 문맥에 맞게 배열하

고 일부 단어를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오.256)

257. 위 글의 요지문이 되도록 다음 문장의 빈 칸에 괄호 안의 단어들을 문맥에 맞게 배열하고 일부 단어를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 257)

The reason civil war is more bitter than war is that

______________________________________________________.

<보기>

intimacy / is / likely / hurt / the people / more



내신

대비

- 56 -

13강 흐름에 무관한 문장 찾기


(A)In addition to controlling temperatures when

handling fresh produce, control of the atmosphere

is important. Some moisture is needed in the air to

prevent (가)_______________ during storage, but (B)too

much moisture can encourage growth of molds.

Some commercial storage units have controlled

atmospheres, (C)이산화탄소와 습기 양쪽 모두의 수준

이 세심하게 조절되는. Sometimes other gases, such

as ethylene gas, may be introduced at controlled

levels to help achieve optimal quality of bananas

and other fresh produce. Related to the control of

gases and moisture is the need for some

circulation of air among the stored foods.

* dehydration: 탈수 ** controlled atmosphere: 저온

저장과 함께 공기의 농도를 조절하는 장치



In handling fresh produce, controlling the

atmosphere is no ___________ _____________ __________

controlling temperatures.

259. (B)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 조건에 맞게 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오.259)

if there is too much moisture, ______________________

_________________________

<조건>

1. that을 주어로 하여 5형식 구조로 만들 것.

260. 아래 영영풀이와 주어진 철자를 참고하여 (가)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 단어를 적으시오. 260)

________________: dryness resulting from the removal

of water




<보기>

with / regulate / of / both / carbon dioxide / the

levels / and / moisture / carefully

__________________________________________________________

___________________________________



내신

대비

- 57 -


(A)Recent brain research establishes the

importance of a less commonly recognized or

talked-about safety requirement—the need for

emotional safety. When infants or children of any

age experience a physical or emotional threat, they

become anxious and afraid. Hormones (a)(secrete)

that automatically shut down the thinking, learning,

and reasoning zones of the brain (B)[ defend / the

danger / himself / or / run away / prepare / the

child / from ]. These are very primitive fight, flight,

or freeze responses that (b)(trigger) daily in the

lives of children who don’t feel safe. When, from

very early ages, major portions of the brain shut

down under emotionally stressful conditions, a

child’s brain development, success in learning, and

ability to relate to others can be seriously affected.

* secrete: 분비하다



Recent brain research considers __________ the need

for emotional safety, ___________ is less commonly

recognized or talked-about safety requirement

263. 아래 우리말과 일치하도록 (D)의 단어들을 알맞

게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가

능함] 263)

아이가 자신을 방어하거나 위험으로부터 도망치게

준비시킬 수 있도록

264. 다음은 위 글의 요지문이다. 보기 단어들을 알맞게 배열하고 일부 단어를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 빈 칸 (A), (B)를 채우시오. 264)

When children (A)________________________, the main

part of the brain may stop reasoning and thinking

and (B)______________________________.

<보기>

emotional / secure / feel / severe / mental /

growth / affect / their

265. (a), (b)의 괄호 안의 동사를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 265)

(a)__________________ (b)____________________



내신

대비

- 58 -


Food packaging is a visible form of the food

supply’s waste. (A)일단 제품이 소비되고 나면, 포장

재는 별도로 처리되도록 남겨진다. (B)Consumer

packaging waste, however, is not the only source

of packaging waste along the supply chain.

Packaging waste comes from each stage in the

supply chain including restaurants, retailers,

distributors, and manufacturers. (C)Not all of the

waste is managed appropriately; for example, some

of it has ended up clogging our oceans (가)________

plastic litter is floating around choking, trapping,

and poisoning wildlife. Used packaging may be

recovered for recycling and reuse. This is a critical

way to (나)m_____________ the overall burden from

food and beverage packaging and potentially serve

as a (다)r_________________ for new packaging.

* clog: 막히게 하다 ** choke: 질식시키다



<보기>

once / the product / consume / , / the packaging

/ leave / handle / separate

__________________________________________________________

____________________________________.

267. (B)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 조건에 맞게 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 267)

Packaging waste comes ______________________________

_________________________ in the supply chain.

<조건>

not only A but also B 구문으로 할 것.


Each stage in the supply produces packaging waste,

______ ______ ______ ______ is managed appropriately.

269. 어법상 (가)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를

적으시오. 269)

(가)__________________

270. (나), (다)의 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 알


(나)m_________________ (다)r___________________



내신

대비

- 59 -


Breadth of knowledge is (a)[what / which] enables

you to engage in meaningful small talk, and small

talk, as O. Henry once said, is similar to (b)[put /

putting] “a few raisins into the tasteless

(가)________________ of existence.” In short, there’s

nothing small about small talk; it’s a social lubricant

that looms large in all human exchanges. Thus,

(c)[informing / being informed] on a wide range of

topics outside your area of expertise can be

immensely helpful in building social bridges.

Research has shown that (A)사람들이 그들이 가진

공통점이 더 많다고 느낄수록, the better they like

each other. So by increasing your breadth of

knowledge, you’ll be able to project a favorable

image more easily with more people.

* lubricant: 윤활유 ** loom large: 아주 중요하다



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________



_______________: a fairly firm mixture of flour, water,

and sometimes also fat and sugar. It can be

cooked to make bread, pastry, and biscuits.


어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함]273)

<보기>

people feel they have in common

274. (B)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오.274)

the more knowledge you increase, the more easily

and _________________________________________________

275. 위 글의 요지문이 되도록 보기의 단어들을 조건에 맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 가능함] 275)

<보기>

broaden / a lot / and / have / in / knowledge /

common / with / build / social / bridges / others

/ help /

<조건>

1. 동명사구를 주어로 할 것.

__________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________.



내신

대비

- 60 -


(A)Although people can agree on the need for

conservation and strong anti-pollution efforts when

costs are not considered, when costs are

considered there is significantly less agreement.

(B)Let’s consider some of these costs. They involve

restrictions on individual actions, relocation of

industry and jobs, new bureaucracy, and the

development of expensive new technology. In

assessing the issue of pollution, the costs as well

as the benefits must be considered. Therefore, it is

unlikely that we will decide to institute a “no

pollution” policy; that would be impossible to

implement. And (D)even approaching a standard of

“little” pollution, for many, would be too expensive.

Instead we are likely to choose an “optimal level”

of pollution.

* bureaucracy: 관료제도

276. (A)를 '절'에서 '구'로 전환하고자 한다. 빈 칸에


______________ people's agreement on the need for

conservation and strong anti-pollution efforts

___________ ___________ cost



Let’s consider some of these costs, ________ _________

are restrictions on individual actions,


빈 칸 (A), (B)에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 278)

we (A)__________________________________ to institute a

“no pollution” policy, but if we did, it (B)_____________

__________________________.

279. (D)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 279)

we are likely to choose an “optimal level” of

pollution rather than (A)______________ a standard of

“little” pollution due to its too (B)_______________



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14강 문단 내 글의 순서 파악


Studies show that (A)no one is “born” to be an

entrepreneur and that everyone has the potential

to become one. (a)[That / Whether] someone does

or doesn’t is a (가)f____________ of environment, life

experiences, and personal choices. However, (B)there

are personality traits and characteristics commonly

associated with entrepreneurs. These traits are

developed over time and evolve from an

individual’s social context. For example, people with

parents who were self-employed are more likely to

become entrepreneurs. After (b)[witness/ witnessing]

a father’s or mother’s (나)i___________________ in the

workplace, an individual is more likely to find it

(c)[appealing / appealed]. Similarly, people who

personally know an entrepreneur (C)[ than / twice /

as / are / more / likely / to be / starting / a new

firm / as / involved / in / those ] with no

entrepreneur (c)a_________________(e)s or role models.

* entrepreneur: 기업가

280. (A)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 280)

No one is 'born' to be an entrepreneur, _________ is

no one ______________ the potential to be an

entrepreneur.



commonly associated with entrepreneurs _______

_________________________________, ________ are developed

over time and evolve from an individual’s social

context

282. (가), (나), (다)의 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하

는 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 282)

(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________


(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

284. 아래 우리말과 일치하도록 (C)의 단어들을 알맞

게 배열하여 영작하시오. 284)

새로운 회사를 시작하는 일에 관여할 가능성이 두

배가 넘게 높다

285. 위 글의 요약문이다. 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 빈 칸에 적으시오. [단어 중복사용 가능함]285)

Being an entrepreneur is _____________________________

____________________________________________.

<보기>

the result / ones / of / environments / and /

personal / acquired / experiences / the effects /

rather than / innate /



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Scientists today are able to accurately date fossils,

the (a)[rock-binding / rock-bound] remains of

organisms from past geologic ages. (A)When fossils

are arranged along a timeline, scientists can see

gradual changes from simple to more complex life

forms. In some cases, evolution through various

(가)[advanced / intermediate] forms over millions of

years can be detected and compared to the

(나)[present / original] state of an organism. For

example, (B)the earliest known species of horse

lived some 60 million years ago and, according to

the fossil record, was shorter than 20 inches (50

centimeters) high at the shoulders. (success) rock

layers yield fossils of increasingly larger horse

species, (b)[culminating / culminated] in the horses

of today. As size changed, (c)[so did / so was ]

other aspects of the horses’ anatomy: teeth became

adapted to eating grass, the bones of the lower

leg (다)[fused / separated], and multiple toes

evolved into a single toe surrounded by a hoof.

* culminate in: 드디어 ~이 되다 ** anatomy: 해부

학적 구조 *** hoof: 발굽

286. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어

갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오.286)

When fossils are arranged along a timeline, they

________________________________ gradually from simple

to more complex life forms



the known _____________ of the horse dates back to

as _________ _________ some 60 million years ago.

288. 위 글 괄호 안의 단어를 문맥에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 288)

___________________________________


(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________


(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________



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Given the ⓐrange of goals that can influence

learning, it is not surprising that different models

reflect different types and degrees of goal-based

influence.

(가) Goal-driven learning, in contrast, is driven by

explicit learning goals of the reasoner; those

goals influence or even determine the ⓑcontent

of what learning is. (A)As the reasoner’s goals

change, so does the learning that results.

(나) (B)Goal-relevant processing is not explicitly

directed by the goals of the reasoner, but results

in outcomes that are nevertheless useful with

respect to those goals.

(다) Thagard and Millgram propose a broad ⓒ

distinction between learning which is explicitly

goal-driven and one which is goal-relevant.

(라) Thus, in goal-relevant processing, the desired

learning may occur as a ⓓmain effect of normal

task-related processing. For example, a reasoner

may have an ⓔimplicit orientation to maintain

an accurate model of the world around it.

291. 주어진 글에 이어지는 글의 순서가 맞도록 다음

괄호 안에 맞는 기호를 적으시오. 291)

( ) → ( ) → ( ) → ( )



the change of reasoner’s goals is _______________ by

the __________ of the learning

293. (B)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 293)

The goals of the reasoner __________________________,

__________ results are nevertheless useful.

294. 밑줄 친 ⓐ～ⓔ 가운데 문맥에 맞지 않는 것을 골라 고쳐 적으시오. 294)

________ __________________ → _______________

295. 위 글에서 어법상 잘못 쓰인 곳을 두 곳을 찾아

고쳐 적으시오. 295)

___________________ → ___________________

___________________ → ___________________



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Years ago, at the University of Chicago Medical

School, (A)I was fortunate to be selected as

“favorite professor.” This was one of the biggest

honors we professors could receive; we all wanted

(a)to be recognized by our students. The day it

was announced that I (b)won, (C)everyone acted

nicely toward me, as they usually did. But no one

said anything to me about the award. I sensed

something behind their smiles, (B)something they

weren’t saying. Toward the end of that day a

gorgeous flower arrangement arrived at my office

from one of my colleagues, a child psychiatrist. The

card (c)was read, “Really jealous, congratulations

anyway.” From that moment on I knew I could

trust that man. I loved him for being so real, so

(C)a_______________. I would always feel that I knew

where he stood and (d)feel safe around him,

because he showed his true self.



I _________ __________ selected as “favorite professor,”

________ we professors ___________ ________ one of the

biggest honors.

297. (B)가 지칭하는 것을 글에서 찾아 적으시오.297)

298. 밑줄 친 (a), (b), (c), (d) 가운데 어법상 틀린 것

을 찾아 고쳐 적으시오. 298)

( ) ___________________ → __________________

( ) ___________________ → __________________


의 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 299)

conforming to fact and therefore worthy of belief

300. (C)에서 유추할 수 있는 내용의 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 300)

Everyone showed just f___________ attitude toward

me.



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Health is a dynamic and complex state. (A)It is a

product of continuous interactions between an

individual’s genetic makeup, environmental

conditions, and personal experiences. For example,

(B)an infant’s immediate and long-term health is

influenced by his or her mother’s personal lifestyle

practices during pregnancy: her diet; use or

avoidance of alcohol, tobacco, and certain

medications; (가)r______________ prenatal care; and

exposure to (나)c____________ illnesses or toxic stress.

Mothers who fail (a)[to maintain / maintaining] a

healthy lifestyle during pregnancy are more likely to

give birth to infants who are born (b)[premature /

prematurely], have low birth weight, or experience

a range of special (다)c__________(e)s. These children

also face a significantly greater risk of developing

chronic health problems and early death. In

contrast, a child who is born healthy, (c)[raising /

raised] in a nurturing family, consumes a nutritious

diet, lives in a safe environment, and has numerous

opportunities for learning and recreation is more

likely to enjoy a healthy life.

* prenatal: 태아기의



It ________ _________ by _________ __________ between

an individual’s genetic makeup, environmental

conditions, and personal experiences


(A)를 참고하여 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오.302)

an infant’s immediate and long-term health is

_______________________ his or her mother’s personal

lifestyle practices during pregnancy


(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

304. 아래 영영풀이와 주어진 철자를 참고하여 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 304)

(가)____________ (나)____________ (C)____________

(가)describe activities that are done as a normal

part of a job or process

(나)capable of being transmitted by infection

(다) new and difficult which requires great effort

and determination

305. 위 글의 요지문이 되도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞

게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함]305)

It is no exaggeration to say that ____________________

_____________________________________________.

<보기>

the baby / is born / the mother's / care for /

herself / and / raise / determine / whether /

healthy.



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15강 문단속에 문장 넣기


(A)Urbanization has been taking place since the

Neolithic Revolution, when agriculture enabled food

surpluses to create a division of labor in

settlements. (B)The unlocking of human ingenuity to

work on technology, trade, and urban culture has

created ever-expanding opportunities in cities.

However, (C)while some cities took advantage of

these new opportunities, many remained little more

than rural trading posts. (D)Urban opportunities

accelerated with the Industrial Revolution and more

recently with the globalization of the economy. But

again, not every city has taken advantage of these

opportunities. (E)Some cities, such as Liverpool,

Philadelphia, and Pittsburgh, have struggled to

adapt to the new opportunities and have relied for

too long on outmoded methods of industrial

production. Yet other cities, such as Manchester

and New York, have made the transition and are

thriving.


빈 칸 (1), (2), (3)에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 306)

Historically, urbanization has been (1)m____________

to do (2)w___________ division of labor in settlement

(3)d________ to agriculture.



Since _____________________________________ to work on

technology, trade, and urban culture, it has created

ever-expanding opportunities in cities.

308. (C)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 308)

Not all of these new opportunities

(A)___________________ by cities, many (B)________________

little more than rural trading posts.

309. (D)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 조건을 참고하여 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 309)

The acceleration of urban opportunities

________________ the Industrial Revolution and more

recently with the globalization of the economy.

<조건> 동사는 owe를 이용할 것



Some cities, such as Liverpool, Philadelphia, and

Pittsburgh, have relied for too long on outmoded

methods of industrial production ________ ________

adapt to the new opportunities.

<조건>

1. 단문으로 전환할 것.

2. 내용에 맞는 부사를 사용할 것.



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After domestication came farming. Fire was a

force here. (A)Slash-and-burn agriculture is one of

the oldest and simplest ways to clear the land of

trees. (B)Once used extensively by primitive tribes, it

is still used today in some places, like Borneo. The

process involves (a)(slash) the bark on the tree,

which stops the sap from flowing and eventually

kills the tree. The leaves die and fall off, (b)(allow)

sunlight to filter onto the forest floor where the

fallen leaves change into fertilizer. Then crops are

planted. In two or three years, (C)흙이 영양분의 고

갈 징후를 보이기 시작할 때, the dead trees are

burned, the ash provides fertilizer, and more crops

(c)(plant). Unfortunately, (D)this requires constantly

moving into new areas and destroying the forests.

* slash-and-burn agriculture: 화전 농업 ** sap: 수

액



Slash-and-burn agriculture is one of the oldest and

simplest ways in which the land ______________________.



______________________________ extensively by primitive

tribes, but it also is still used today in some places,

like Borneo.



및 중복사용 가능함] 313)

<보기>

when / start / nutrients / show / signs / the soil /

of / deplete /

314. (D)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 314)

this requires that they ________________________________

______________________________.

315. (a), (b), (C)의 괄호 안의 동사를 어법에 맞게 고

쳐 적으시오. 315)

(a)____________ (b)___________ (c)_____________



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(A)A factor that influences social cognition is

culture. People from different cultures think about

the social world in different ways. In one study,

(B)researchers asked both American and Mexican

Americans to read a series of sentences describing

a person’s behavior, and then judge whether this

person had a given trait. For example, one

sentence was read, “He took his first calculus test

when he was 12” (and the trait they reacted to

was “smart”). Another sentence read, “She left a

25% tip for the waitress” (and the trait they

reacted to was “generous”). As predicted, Americans

made the trait judgments much more quickly than

did Mexican Americans. (C)이것은 행동으로 이어지는

데 있어 특성의 역할을 강조하는 미국인들의 강한 경

향을 반영한다—as well as D)[ factors / to take / of

/ the tendency / those / cultures / from /

collectivistic / situational / into / account ].

* calculus: 미적분학

316. (A)를 한 문장으로 고쳐 적고자 한다. 빈 칸에


A factor that influences social cognition is culture,

__________ _____________ leads people to think about

the social world in different ways

317. (B)문장을 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.317)

both American and Mexican Americans _______

________ _______ __________ to read a series of

sentences describing a person’s behavior,

318. 위 글에서 어법상 틀린 곳을 찾아 고쳐 적으시

오.318)

_______________________ → ______________________

319. 밑줄 친 (C)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 가능함] 319)

this / lead to / strong / tendency / reflect /

emphasize / the role / of / Americans / traits /

in / behavior

320. (D)의 괄호안의 단어들을 아래 우리말과 일치하

도록 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. 320)

집단주의 문화에서 온 사람들이 상황적 요인을 고려

하는 경향

__________________________________________________________

______________________________________



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Lions, snakes, and eagles are examples of

predators—organisms that hunt and eat other

organisms. Those that have the best techniques for

obtaining food are (a)[ones / the ones] most likely

to grow and reproduce. Predation affects the (가)

[size / spread] of prey populations and the

(나)[diversity / unity] of species within a community.

(A)One reason nonnative species are often a serious

problem is a lack of natural predators in their new

homes. (B)Purple loosestrife is such a species,

whereas in its native habitats its populations

(b)[keep / are kept] in check by a leaf-eating

beetle and root-eating weevil. (C)Parasitism is a

variety of predation; a parasite feeds on prey but

often weakens rather than (c)[kills / killing] its host.

Some parasites, such as wheat rust, have very (다)

[specific / typical] host requirements. Others, such

as mistletoe, parasitize a variety of species.

* purple loosestrife: 털부처손 ** weevil: 바구미 ***

parasitism: 기생 (상태)

321. 아래 문장은 (A)의 문장구조를 복문으로 변환한

것이다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 321)

One reason nonnative species are often a serious

problem is _______ _______ ______ ______ natural

predators in their new homes

322. (B)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 조건에 맞게 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오.322)

Purple loosestrife is such a species ________________

_______________________, whereas in its native habitats

its populations are kept in check by a leaf-eating

beetle and root-eating weevil.

<조건>

1. with가 이끄는 부사구를 만들 것.

2. natural predators in their new homes를 포함할

것



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________



Parasitism is a variety of predation, _______ ________

a parasite feeds on prey.



(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________



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The saying goes that the ⓐ____________ city of

Petra in Jordan is ‘the rose-red city, half as old as

time itself’. This would mean it was built before the

Earth ⓑ_________________, so ignore it. But Petra is

very old. Between about 200 BC and AD 400, it

was the busy capital of the Arab kingdom of the

Nabataeans. (A)Hidden away among red sandstone

hills and surrounded by cliffs, it was the perfect

desert __________________. Into the cliff faces, (B)the

people of Petra carved hundreds of exquisite

temples, tombs and monuments. Many have

spectacular facades (fronts) with carved columns

and lintels, (C)often in styles copied from the

buildings of Greece and Rome. Most impressive of

all is the front of the Treasury, which is 28 metres

wide and 40 metres high.

* exquisite: 정교한 ** lintel: 상인방(창·입구 등의 위

에 댄 가로대)



________ _______ _______ hidden away among red

sandstone hills and surrounded by cliffs



the people of Petra carved hundreds of exquisite

temples, tombs and monuments, _______ _______

_______ have spectacular facades (fronts) with carved

columns and lintels



often in styles copied from the buildings of Greece

and Rome, most impressive _______ ________ is the

front of the Treasury __________ 28 metre-width and

40 metre-height

329. 빈 칸 ⓐ, ⓑ의 빈칸에 들어갈 단어를 아래 보

기에서 골라 적절히 고쳐 적으시오.329)

ⓐ___________________

ⓑ___________________

form / ruin /

330. 아래 영영풀이와 주어진 철자를 참고하여 빈 칸

에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 330)

h______________: a place where one goes to hide or

to get away from other people



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16강 문단 요약


The weakness of local networks lies in their

self-containment, (A)for they lack input as well as

outreach. In a classic study of urban politics,

Herbert Gans found that neighborhoods with the

(가)[highest / lowest] levels of solidarity often were

unable to block unfavorable policies and programs

for lack of ties to possible allies elsewhere in the

city. (B)It was for this reason that Gans referred to

them as “urban villagers.” As the opposite of local

networks, cosmopolitan networks offer little

solidarity and have (나)[much / little] capacity to

comfort and sustain members. But members benefit

from a constant flow of new information and from

the great reach of their influence, even if it tends

to be somewhat lacking in (다)[magnitude /

strength]. (C)Local networks tend to be small. In

contrast, cosmopolitan networks can be huge. Thus,

while the “urban villagers” lacked ties even to their

local city government, cosmopolitan network ties

often lead into the White House.

* ally: 동맹국, 협력자

331. (A)와 같은 내용을 가진 절로 만들고자 한다.


for they have _____________ enough input ________

outreach



this is __________ Gans referred to them as “urban

villagers


(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________


The difference between local and cosmopolitan

networks is _______ their _________.

335. 글의 요약문이 되도록 다음 보기의 단어들을 적

절히 배열하고 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 적으시오. 335)

Unlike the “urban villagers,” (A)_______________________

_____________ within their boundaries, cosmopolitan

networks (B)_______________________________________ and

a more extensive range of relationships.

loose / them / ties / to / the outside / whose /

restrict / profit / from / to / new information /

exposure /



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In 1979, University of Washington psychologist

Andy Meltzoff stuck out his tongue at a baby 42

minutes old, then sat back to see what happened.

After some effort, the baby returned the favor,

slowly rolling out his own tongue. Meltzoff stuck

his tongue out again. (B)The infant responded in

kind. Meltzoff discovered that babies could imitate

right from the start of their little lives (or, at least,

42 minutes from the start of their little lives).

(C)That’s an extraordinary finding. Imitation involves

many sophisticated (가__________________s for babies,

from discovering that other people exist in the

world to realizing that (D)they have operating body

parts, and the same ones as you. That’s not a

blank slate. That’s an amazing, fully operational

cognitive slate.

* blank slate: 백지상태



Some effort (A)_______________ the favor the baby

returned with his own tongue (B)___________________

<조건>

1. (A)의 빈 칸에 follow를 활용할 것. 단어추가가능

2. 본문의 어구를 활용할 것.



The infant responded in the same way __________

___________. (전과 같은)

338. (C)가 의미하는 바를 우리말로 적으시오. 338)

<조건> 17-20단어로 만들 것.

339. 글의 내용상 (가)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 단어를 본문에서 찾아 알맞게 변형하여 적으시오.339)


they have __________________________________________ do.

341. 다음은 위 글의 제목이다. 빈 칸에 주어진 철자

로 시작하는 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.341)

Demonstration of a newborn's c_____________ abilities

through b___________ i______________ observations



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Children in all cultures acquire language through

play. Their earliest production of language-like

sounds (cooing and babbling) and first words are

always playful. Later, children playfully rehearse

more complex linguistic constructions, sometimes in

monologue when alone. But of course, their

language play is influenced by culture. Infants

gradually (가)[expand / restrict ] their babbling to

the phonemes of their native language and, later,

play with the words and (나)[grammatical /

phonetic] constructions of that language. Children

everywhere also engage in (A)________________ play,

thereby exercising the crucial human skill of

building things, but what they build depends on

(B)what they see in the world around them.

Children everywhere play in ways that exercise the

human mental capacities of imagination and

(다)[intuition / reasoning], but the scenes they

imagine and the ideas they rehearse in such play

derive from the culture.

* coo: (갓난애가) 목구멍을 울리면서 좋아하다 **

babble: (아기가) 옹알이하다



(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

343. 위 글의 빈 칸 (A)에 들어갈 문맥상 알맞은 단

어를 본문에서 찾아 고쳐 적으시오.343)

__________________________________

344. 밑줄 친 (B)가 가리키는 것을 본문에서 찾아 한

단어로 적으시오. 344)

345. 다음은 위 글의 요약문이다. 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 빈 칸 (A), (B)를 완성하시오. [일부 단어는 어법에 맞게 고칠 것] 345)

Children acquire language and (A)___________________

_____________________ while playing, (B)__________________

____________ in the world around them.

<보기>

practice / the skills / and / imagine / what /

things / which / of / build / reflect / they / hear,

see, and experience



내신

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- 74 -


All words have to be coined by a wordsmith at

some point in the mists of history. (A)The

wordsmith had an idea to get across and needed a

sound to express it. In principle, any sound (가)[do],

so the first coiner of a term for a political

affiliation, for instance, (나)[use] glorg or

schmendrick or mcgillicuddy. But people are poor

at recalling sounds out of the blue, and they

probably wanted (B)[ rather / define / ease / their

/ understanding of / the coin / listeners’/ than /

have to / examples / it / or / illustrate / with ]. So

they reached for a (C)m_____________ that reminded

them of the idea and that they hoped would

create a similar idea in the minds of their listeners,

such as band or bond for a political affiliation.

Such a hint allowed the listeners to understand the

meaning more quickly than if they (다)[have to]

rely on context alone.

* affiliation: 제휴 ** metaphor: 비유, 비유적 표현

346. (A)의 두 문장을 합쳐 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 346)

The wordsmith had an idea to get across, ________

___________________________________

347. 다음 우리말과 일치하도록 (B)의 단어들을 알

맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함] 347)

그것을 정의해야만 하거나 예를 가지고 설명해야만

하기보다는 새로 만들어진 말에 대한 청자들의 이해

를 용이하게 하다

348. 아래 영영풀이와 주어진 철자를 참고하여 (C)의

빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 348)

imaginative way of describing something by

referring to something else which is the same in a

particular way

349. (가), (나), (다)의 괄호 안의 동사를 어법과 문맥에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 349)

(가)______________________ (나)_______________________

(다) _____________________

<힌트> 모두 다 가정법이 적용된다.

350. 다음은 위 글의 요약문이다. 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 빈 칸 (A), (B)를 완성하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함]350)

When wordsmiths (A)__________________________________,

they chose a useful one that (B)______________________

____________________, not just a random sound.

needed / express / their / a sound / idea /

would / the ideahelp / remember /



내신

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The status of the group members in a group can

be important. (A)Group members with lower status

may have less confidence and thus be unlikely to

express their opinions. Wittenbaum (a)[found /

found out] that group members with higher status

were, indeed, more likely to share new information.

However, those with higher status may

(가)[dominate / mediate] the discussion, even if the

information that they have is (b)[no more / not

more] valid or important. (B)Because they have high

status, leaders have the ability to solicit unshared

information from the group members, and they

must be sure to do so, for instance, by (c)[making

clear / making it clear] that all members should

feel free to present their (나)[casual / unique]

information, that each member has important

information to share, and that it is important to do

so. Leaders may particularly need to solicit and

(다)[control / support] opinions from low-status or

socially anxious group members.

* solicit: 얻어 내다, 구하다



Group members with higher status may be _____

_______________________________________ than those with

lower status



Their high status ________________ leaders to solicit

unshared information from the group members

<조건> 문장의 한 단어를 활용할 것.



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

354. 다음은 위 글의 요약문이다. 보기 단어들을 적절히 배열하고 일부 단어를 변형하여 다시 적으시오.354)

A person with higher status may control a

discussion, but he or she ______________________________

_____________________________________________________.

<보기>

needs / ask / a person / with lower status / for /

his or her / opinion / facilitate / sharing / of /

information / within a group



(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

주관식으로 연습하는

수능특강 Light 영어독해목표 : 주관식으로 답해봄으로써 각 문장에

대한 정확한 이해를 하고, 사고력을

기르는 것을 그 목표로 한다.

방법 : 문제를 풀고 정답을 얻는 데만 한

정되지 말고, 정답에 대한 정확한

이유를 이해하도록 한다.

EBS 수능특강 Light 영어 독해(2부)

EBS2022학년도 내신대비

내신

대비

- 77 -

2부 주제. 소재편

19강 인물 및 일화


Jack stopped the cycle of p________________ that his

son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand

(a)[losing / to lose] at games by the time he was

eight years old. (A)Jack was contributing to Mark’s

attitude by always letting him win at chess because

he didn’t like to see Mark get upset and cry. One

day, Jack realized (B)it was more important to allow

Mark some experience with losing, so he started

winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at

first, but soon began to win and lose with more

grace. Jack felt a milestone (b)[had reached / had

been reached] one day when he was playing catch

with Mark and (c)[threw / throwing] a bad ball.

Instead of getting upset about missing the ball,

Mark was able to use his sense of humor and

commented, “Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark.”

* milestone: 중대한 시점


조건에 맞게 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오.356)

______________________________________________ for Mark’s

attitude.

<조건>

1. Jack을 의미상의 주어로 하는 동명사구를 주어로

할 것

357. (B)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 357)

it was high time that Mark __________ __________ to

experience some losing



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________



R__________ t___________ getting upset about missing

the ball, Mark was able to use his sense of humor

360. 아래 영영풀이와 주어진 철자를 참고하여 위 글

빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 360)

a disposition to feel that anything less than

perfect is unacceptable



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As a child, Warren Buffet wanted to make his

own money. (A)He sold newspapers. He also

bought cheap bottles of soda and then sold them

at a higher price. When he went to university, he

studied how money works. (B)One of his teachers

was Benjamin Graham. He was a very good

investor. Warren went to work for him when he

graduated. (C)Benjamin Graham taught him many

important things about investing. Warren used his

knowledge and the advice from Graham to make

his own money grow. Today he is the second

richest man in the world. (D)He does not waste his

money. He does not have big cars and houses.

Instead, (E)he invests his money and spends it only

on important things. He also gives his money to

people who need it. Through his own charity he

gives away about 12 million dollars a year. When

he dies, almost all of his money will go to the

Buffet Foundation to help others.


__________________________________ newspapers, but he

also bought cheap bottles of soda.



One of his teachers was Benjamin Graham, _________

___________ Warren went to work ________ __________,

as he was a very good investor.


He was taught many important things about

investing by Benjamin Graham, _______ ________ and

____________ Warren ________ _______ ________ his own

money grow.



He _____________ waste his money ________ _______

big cars and houses.



In addition to ___________________________________ only

on important things, he gives his money to people

who need it.



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- 79 -


(A)An incredibly passionate man who loves

people, Kevin Reynolds began his career with a

major bank. He worked hard, was good at what he

did, and soon began moving up his bank’s career

ladder. His future looked promising. But (B)Kevin

wanted more than to be a banking executive: he

wanted to be a banker who built and benefited

community. Over time he began to realise that he

could accomplish this best outside the structure of

a large corporation. Kevin had long been inspired

by the idea of building a bank that would be an

active part of the local community, (C)supporting

small business and supporting community-building

initiatives. Together with several colleagues he

established a small community bank that eventually

became Cardinal Bank. Since then Kevin and his

team have created an organisation with 27

branches (D)that are a central part of the

communities in which they operate.

366. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.366)

As a man of passion and _________________________



Kevin didn't want to be a banking executive,

______________, he wanted to be a banker who built

and benefited community.


supporting _____________ small business ___________

community- building initiatives.

369. 위 글의 밑줄 친 this가 가리키는 것을 우리말로

적으시오. 369)

_______________________________________________________



that ________ a ________ role in the communities

_________ they operate.



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Born in Kyiv, Ukraine at a time when (A)Eastern

Ukraine was part of Russia, and Western Ukraine

was part of Austria, Igor Sikorsky began studies at

the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute in 1907. (B)He built

his first (unsuccessful) helicopter in 1909. During

and prior to World War I, Sikorsky designed and

flew planes in Russia. He helped develop the

world’s first multiengine aircraft. After coming to

the United States in 1919, he continued working

on fixed wing aircraft. (C)Other people had

developed helicopters prior to Sikorsky; however,

none of their designs led to commercial

development. In 1939, Sikorsky successfully

designed and flew (D)[ expect / the world / what /

first / be / practical / helicopter ]. The successful

Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation in the United States

stands as a _______________ to his achievements. He

was honored with a United States postage stamp

in 1988

371. (A)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸 (A)에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 알맞은 단어를 적고 (B)의 괄호 안의 동사를 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 371)

Eastern and Western Ukraines (A)b____________ to

Russia and Austria (B)(respect)


He built his first helicopter in 1909 only in

_________________.



Prior to Sikorsky, other people had developed

helicopters; however, ________ ________ _________

designs led to commercial development.

374. 아래 우리말과 일치하도록 (D)의 괄호 안의 단

어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 가능함] 374)

세계 최초의 실용적인 헬리콥터가 될 것

375. 아래 영영풀이를 참고하여 위 글 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 375)

which is a direct result of it and which continues

to exist after it is over.



내신

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- 81 -


A friend of mine who was about to go out on a

date asked me what I (a)[thought / thought of] her

outfit. Before I could reply, she added, (A)“I want

to look great, but I want to look like I made no

effort whatsoever.”These (가)[conflicting / coexisting]

desires lie at the heart of the aesthetic [virtue of

cool. Many of us work hard (b)[looking / at

looking] cool, (B)monitoring shifts in fashion,

choosing carefully clothes that are not behind the

trend, that express our individuality while

(나)[alternately / simultaneously] positioning us

within the privileged subgroup of people who are

in the know. Yet many people who succeed in

wearing what is fashionable also fail to be cool. In

fact, (C)멋지게 보이려고 너무 애쓰는 것은 바로 우리

가 멋지게 되는 것을 막는 것일 수 있다. (c)[Genuine

/ Genuinely] cool people, it seems, are (다)[effortful

/ effortlessly] cool.

376. (A)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 본문에 있는 단어를 골라 빈 칸에 적으시오. 376)

I want to look great __________ __________ like I

didn't make effort.



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________



(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

379. (B)에서 어법상 틀린 곳을 찾아 고쳐 적으시오.379)

380. 밑줄 친 (B)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함] 380)

try / look / cool / too / hard / can / be / be /

the very / the thing / that / from / prevent / us /

cool

__________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________



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- 82 -

20강 인문과학


In one experiment, (A)children were told they

could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to

eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited.

Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to

8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used

differed significantly. (B)The 4-year-olds often chose

to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a

strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast,

6-and 8-year-olds used language to help overcome

temptation, although in different ways. (C)6세 아이

들은 혼잣말을 하고 노래를 흥얼거렸다, (D)reminding

themselves they would get more treats if they

waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the

marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as

appearance, which helped them to wait. In short,

children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

381. (A)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 381)

children were given two choices, _______ _____ ______

was that they could have one marshmallow treat if

they chose to eat it immediately and _____ _____ was

two treats if they waited.

382. (B)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 본문의 단어를 알맞게 변형하여 빈 칸에 적으시오. 382)

The 4-year-olds often chose a strategy to look at

the marshmallows while waiting, which was terribly

______________

383. 밑줄 친 (C)의 우리말과 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸

에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 383)

The 6-year-olds spoke and sang ___________________,

384. (D)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.384)

__________ of _________ more treats if they waited

385. 위 글의 주제가 되도록 본문의 단어를 이용하여 5단어로 된 알맞은 어구를 빈 칸에 적으시오. 385)

Children's __________________________________________



내신

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- 83 -


(A)It is a false belief to think that you are either

a big-picture thinker or a detail oriented person.

(B)You cannot be a big-picture thinker without

knowing the supporting facts (C)or else you would

be an empty suit. (D)The brainpower of zoom in

requires attending to facts, content, and the

situation at hand. Gathering facts and using them

to support a novel approach is essential to

enhancing integrated reasoning and deeper level

thinking. However, it’s a delicate balance of

knowing when to gather more information and

knowing (E)관점을 발전시키는 것은 / 언제 더 많은

사실을 찾는 것을 중단할지를 아는 것 . The key is

to toggle back and forth from the immense raw

details to form high-level ideas. (F)It is not enough

to understand all the facts; it is highly critical to fit

them into a larger schema.

* toggle back and forth: 이리저리 맞추어 보다, 앞

뒤로 이동하다



It is right to think that you are ___________ a

big-picture thinker _________ a detail oriented person



You can be a big-picture thinker ________ ________

the supporting facts



_________________ you would be an empty suit


The brainpower of zoom in requires that facts,

content, and the situation at hand _________________.

390. 밑줄 친 (E)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단


및 추가 가능함] 390)

when / stop / facts / develop / look for / more

/a point of view

__________________________________________________________

___________________________________

391. (F)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 조건에 맞게 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.391)

(A)__________________________ that understand all the

facts should (B)_________________________ them into a

larger schema.

<조건>

1. (A)의 빈 칸에 (E)의 표현에서 골라 적을 것.

2. (B)의 빈 칸에는 follow를 활용하여 적을 것.



내신

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- 84 -

v 다음 글을 읽고 주어진 각 질문에 답하시오. [02]]

There are a number of reasons(1)to be concerned

about language (가)[attrition /attribution]. Language

is a key part of each person’s (a)____________ and is

an essential component of a group’s cultural and

social (b)______________. Local communities who have

lost their language (A)speak about it as a deeply

cultural loss which is accompanied by a loss of a

sense of self. Speakers whose languages (2)are not

endangered are also aware of the importance of

language as a marker of (a)_____________ and pay

great attention to (나)[differences / similarities] in

dialects and speech patterns. Thus perhaps one of

(3)the most compelling reasons to be concerned

about language (다)[enlightenment/ endangerment]

(4)is why the speakers who lost this part of their

(b)______________ deeply regret it and grieve over it.

(B)For this reason, so many different communities

around the world are currently engaged in

language revitalization efforts. Some of those

groups whose languages are extinct are now (C)지

금까지 남아있는 기록이라면 무엇이든지 그것으로부

터 언어를 부활시키려는 시도를 하고 있다.

* attrition: 감소, 소모 ** resurrect: 부활시키다



speak about it _______ _______ ______ both a culture

and a sense of self


This _______ ________ so many different communities

around the world are currently making effort _______

_________ their __________.

394. 글의 문맥상 (a), (b)의 빈 칸에 공통으로 들어갈


(a)i________________ (b)h________________


(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

396. 위 글 (1)～(4)에서 어법상 틀린 곳을 찾아서 고

쳐 적으시오.396)

_______________________ → ____________________




<보기>

attempt / resurrect / them / from / what /

records / survive



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(A)Humans progress by building more and better

tools. They want more tools to generate higher,

and yet higher, standards of living. Economists as

late as the early 1950s worried that the Great

Depression would resume after World War II

because of satiated wants. (B)Having everything he

or she could imagine, the consumer would want

nothing else, tool-building would stop, and

economic growth would dry up. But (C)satiated

wants are not part of human nature. Unlike other

animal species, we do not stop building when we

are well fed, warm, and dry. Our imagination of

what might be is always ahead of the reality. There

is no limit to the new things we want.

* satiated: 충분히 충족된


다음 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 문장을 완성하시오. [단어 중복 사용 가능함] 398)

the / more / standards / are built / for / humans

progress / and / better / tools / , / higher / of

living / they / will want / to generate.

__________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________


As he or she has everything that _______ ______

__________, the consumer would want nothing else


빈 칸에 본문의 단어를 이용하여 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 400)

human nature seems to know of _____________

____________.

401. (D)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 주어진

철자로 시작하는 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 401)

our imagination of what might be is always

f_________________ by the reality

402. 위 글의 제목이 되도록 괄호 안의 단어를 알맞

게 고쳐 적으시오. 402)

(cease) Human Interest in Developing More Tools



내신

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(A)Routines are beneficial because they allow us

to get things done without much thought. For

example, if every morning you had to relearn how

to dress yourself or cook your breakfast, you’d

never make it to work on time. Routines can be

harmful, however, if they prevent us from

developing a fresh perspective. They are most

dangerous (B)우리의 인식과 인지가 일상에 의해 유

도되는 정도를 우리가 가장 적게 의식할 때

Sometimes (C)our habits become so integral to our

thinking that we fail to identify them as habits, and

instead consider them “the way things are done.”

Thus, (D)we need an occasional shock to shake us

out of our mental patterns. I call this shock “a

whack on the side of the head,” and (E)그것은 우리

를 새로운 대답으로 이끄는 질문을 하도록 자극할 수

있다.

* integral: 통합된 ** whack: 강타


조거에 맞게 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 403)

Routines ______________________________________ without

much thought

<조건>

1/ make, possible을 포함할 것

2. 5형식 구조로 만들 것

404. 밑줄 친 (B)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함]404)

when / we are least conscious of the extent to

which our perception and cognition are guided by

them.

405. (C)를 단문으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 405)

our habits become ____________________________________

________________ them as habits



it is _______________________________________ shocked to

shake us out of our mental patterns

407. 밑줄 친 (E)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함]407)

<보기>

that / it / can / the questions / lead / to / new

answers / us / ask / stimulate

__________________________________________________________

_______________________________________



내신

대비

- 87 -

21강 사회과학


(A)Some city planning experts called for legislation

against texting while walking that would (a)[follow /

be followed by] a deep change of norms. This

recommendation is based on the assumption that

this change is (가)[welcomed / unwelcomed], but

(B)laws banning texting while walking failed in

Toronto, Arkansas, Illinois, Nevada, New Jersey and

New York. Meanwhile, high-tech firms are

developing technological solutions to the problem,

(b)[to offer / offering] a transparent screen that

allows pedestrians to see what is going on in front

of them while texting. Another direction for (나)

[adoption / adaptation] to the problem was

provided by city councils via better urban planning

and interventions to generate awareness. Some

towns and college campuses have put ‘look up’

signs in dangerous stairwells and intersections.

Hong Kong added announcements in its subway

system (c)[recommending / to recommending] that

passengers look around; New York City reduced

speeds for cars, and San Francisco (다)[inhibits /

fosters] pedestrian-only corridors.

408. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 조건에 맞게 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 408)

Some city planning experts demanded that

legislation _______________ against texting during walk.

<조건> pass를 이용할 것



(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________


(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

411. (B)에서 유추할 수 있는 내용이 되도록 다음 빈 칸에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오.411)

The m______________ of the people there tended to

n_____________ the laws banning texting while walking.

412. 다음 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하고 일부 단어를 활용하여 위 글의 주제를 만드시오.412)

the problem / strategies / address / different / of

text / walkers



내신

대비

- 88 -


Most of the time, we (A)_________________________.

(B)We don’t even have to think about the fact that

we are monitoring others and adapting to them.

For example, (C)many people start to dress like

their boss, although they don’t realize it. Even

more often, people unconsciously mirror their

boss’s (verb) behaviors during a meeting—using

similar hand gestures or crossing the same leg, and

so on. This is not crazy behavior. Indeed, there

does appear to be an evolutionary advantage for

those who mirror others. People who dress like

their boss actually get paid more and promoted

more quickly. (D)When we mirror others, they like

us more. Unfortunately, the downside is that we

behave in a more conformist fashion.

413. 글의 흐름상 본문에서 알맞은 단어들을 찾아

(A)의 빈 칸에 맞게 적으시오. 413)

_________________ _____________________


빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 본문에서 찾아 고쳐 적으시오. 414)

We tend to be ________________ of our monitoring

others and adapting to them



many people start to dress like their boss _______

________ it



______________________________________________, it makes

us behave in a more conformist fashion.

<조건> 주절과 같은 동사를 이용할 것.

417. 위 글 괄호 안의 동사를 글의 흐름에 맞게 알맞게 고쳐 적으시오.417)

_____________________ → _____________________



내신

대비

- 89 -


Perhaps (A)the strongest and most dangerous

political force in the world today is nationalism. (B)

Nationalism is the belief of a people that they

have the right and the duty to constitute

themselves as a nation-state. Religion, language,

and a history of immigration or oppression are

(a)_______________ the shared experiences that can

cause a people to feel that they ought to have

their own state. The situation of the French

speaking population of Quebec is a good example.

Their language and their history of discrimination in

English-dominated workplaces set the Quebecois

(b)__________ from English-speaking Canadians. In

1995, (C)the people of Quebec narrowly defeated a

separatist referendum, but (D)it is still possible that

nationalist sentiments in Quebec may result in the

formation of a new nation on the North American

continent.

* referendum: 국민 투표



Nothing in the world ______________________________ as

nationalism.

<힌트> nationalism은 a political force라는 점.


__________________________________________________________

___________ to constitute themselves as a nation-state

nationalism / believe in / their / by / natural /

right and duty / a people



the people of Quebec came ________ ________

________ a separatist referendum



it would be no wonder that with nationalist

sentiments in Quebec ______________________________ on

the North American continent.

422. (a), (b)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 전치사를 적으시오. 422)

(a)_______________ (b)______________



내신

대비

- 90 -


I’ve always told my daughter she should pursue

things until they don’t make sense. It was a

concept I used professionally (A)내 사업에 있어서

매우 혁신적이고 전향적인 사고를 하는 결과를 낳은.

(B)It’s also a concept that encourages me to be

more open-minded and open-hearted to new

situations and experiences. However, at some point,

the thing you’re pursuing may no longer make

sense, and you need to learn (C)to jump off the

dead horse. (D)Stop banging your head against the

wall, and let it go. Sometimes it’s very difficult to

do, especially when you are emotionally invested,

but in the long run, you do realize (D)the dead

horse will never take you to your destination.




which / result / my / be / very / in / me /

innovative / and / think / in / forward / business



________ __________ things until they don’t make

sense, _______ __________ _________ to be more

open-minded and open-hearted to new situations

and experiences

425. 밑줄 친 (C)의 구체적 내용을 10-13단어의 우리

말로 쓰시오.425)

________________________________________


보기의 단어를 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함] 426)

Stop ____________________________________________________

___________.

<보기>

cling / any / make / no / to / what / sense /

think / it /and / more



pursue things that don’t make sense will take you

n_________________.



내신

대비

- 91 -


A localization economy can be traced to the

desire of individuals to compare products.

Individuals may prefer to shop for shoes in a

regional shopping mall (A)because they can

compare the merchandise in four or five different

stores in fewer trips. Firms selling similar products

may (가)[attract / repel] one another under some

circumstances, but when consumers have a demand

for (B)전시품의 다양성, similar competing

establishments may locate together. An additional

shoe store in a regional shopping mall may actually

benefit all the shoe stores (C)그 쇼핑몰이 신발 구매

에 더 좋은 장소가 되게 해 주어서. The additional

store may (나)[raise / lower] the percentage of mall

shoe shoppers who make purchases at each

existing store, but total sales may increase due to

the greater number of shoppers. Retail

establishments selling complementary products may

also tend to (다)[cluster / scatter]. For instance,

theaters and restaurants often locate together,

reflecting the fact that people like to eat out

before or after seeing a show.

* repel: 밀어내다

428. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 주어진

철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 428)

because of the p_____________ of c______________ the

merchandise in four or five different stores in fewer

trip

429. (B)의 우리말과 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 429)

d_______________ v________________


(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

431. 위 글의 요약문이 되도록 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 431)

Because consumers want to buy a variety of

products by (A)c_____________ them, companies that

sell similar products tend to (B)a______________(=come

together) and settle down at one place.



by / more / desirable / for / a place / make /

the mall / shop / shoes



내신

대비

- 92 -

22강 자연과학 및 테크놀로지


(가)[Among / Between] the most fascinating

natural temperature-regulating behaviors (1)are

social insects such as bees and ants. These insects

are able to maintain (2)a nearly constant

temperature in their hives or mounds throughout

the year. (A)The constancy of these microclimates

depends not just on the location and insulation of

the habitat, but on the activity of the insects in the

colony. When the (나)[body / surrounding]

temperature increases, (B)the activity in the hive

decreases, which decreases the amount of heat

generated by insect metabolism. In fact, many

animals decrease their activity in the heat and

(3)increase it in the cold, and people (4)who are

allowed to choose levels of physical activity in hot

or cold environments adjust their workload precisely

to (C)______ ________. This behavior serves to

(다)[avoid / recover] both hypothermia and

hyperthermia.

* insulation: 단열 ** hypothermia: 저체온(증) ***

hyperthermia: 고체온(증



What makes these microclimates _____________ is the

activity of the insects ________ _______ _______ as the

location and insulation of the habitat.

434. (B)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 어법에 맞게 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 434)

the activity in the hive decreases, l___________ to

decrease _________ the amount of heat generated by

insect metabolism


(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

436. 글의 흐름상 (C)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어

를 적으시오. 436)

437. 위 글 밑줄 친 (1)～(4) 가운데 어법상 틀린 곳을 찾아 고쳐 적으시오. 437)

( )______________ → __________________



내신

대비

- 93 -


Once mammals (a)[reach / reach at] adulthood,

they have a very limited capacity for making new

nerve cells—(A)as they age, they lose nerve cells

without replacing them. Birds, on the other hand,

can generate new nerve cells in adulthood and this

means (B)they can increase the number of nerve

cells in the brain when they are needed and

decrease them when they are not needed. In

Northern Hemisphere species that sing only in

spring, the breeding season, the song nuclei are

larger and have more nerve cells than (b)[winter /

during winter] when they do not sing. They (c)[

shrink / are shrunk] in size when not needed and

perhaps another area expands to take the place of

the song nuclei. This time-sharing of brain capacity

means a bird can keep the overall size and weight

of its brain to a m___________________.

* hemisphere: 반구 ** nucleus: 신경핵(pl. nuclei)



with age, they j_________ k__________ l__________ their

nerve cells.



they can regulate the number of nerve cells in the

brain _____________ on whether it is ____________ or

not.

440. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 것을 골라 차례대로 적으시오.440)

(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

441. 위 글의 주제가 되도록 다음 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 완성하시오. 441)

the ability / control / nerve cells / in / of / birds

/ the brain

442. 위 글의 흐름상 빈 칸에 들어갈 주어진 철자로

시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 442)

___________________________



내신

대비

- 94 -


Stress responses in adult animals are profoundly

affected by prenatal stress and variations in

maternal care. The effects of variations in maternal

care are transmitted across generations with

(A)offspring who experience high maternal care

exhibiting lower stress responses and providing

high maternal care themselves. Such effects would

be adaptive when offspring experience an

environment similar to their parents. (B)Mothers

providing low maternal care tend to have

high-stress responsiveness, as do their offspring

when they become adults. However, (C)다른 어미들

과 교차하여 길러진 새끼들은 그 수양어미들의 스트

레스 반응과 더 유사한 스트레스 반응 형태를 보인다.

Such results suggest that stress responsivity and

maternal care are influenced by early experiences

as well as genetic factors. Such regulation is seen

in other mammals and even plants.

* prenatal: 태어나기 전의 ** maternal care: 어미의

돌봄, 모성 돌봄

443. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 다음 문장의

앞의 구절을 참고하여 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 443)

the higher maternal care offspring experience, ____

___________________________________________________________

________________.


보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 추가 가능함]444)

High-stress responsiveness ____________________________

____________________________________ when they become

adults

<보기>

tend / offspring / low / show / mothers /

provide / maternal care / and / their / with /

both /

445. 밑줄 친 (C)의 우리말과 일치하도록 보기의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 영작하시오. [단어 변형 및 중복 사용과 추가 가능함] 445)

offspring / cross-fostered / show / patterns / of /

stress responsivity / to / other mothers / more /

similar to / their / foster mothers

446. 위 글의 요지문이 되도록 다음 빈 칸에 본문에

서 알맞은 단어를 찾아 적으시오. 446)

__________ _________ __________ __________ by genetic

factors and early experience.



내신

대비

- 95 -


Granville T. Woods was born in Columbus, Ohio,

on April 23, 1856, (a)[to / from] free black parents.

(A)He only attended school for a few years before

dropping out and spending his time working. As a

teenager, Woods held a variety of jobs, including a

laborer in a steel mill, a railroad worker, and an

apprentice in a machine shop. (B)Woods’s passion,

however, was electrical engineering. Woods read

and studied the subject relentlessly. (C)Like many

other black inventors, however, he had difficulty

finding work that matched his skills. In the 1880s,

after years of frustration, Woods decided to take

his life in a new direction. Since he could not find

an employer who would give him the work he

wanted to do, he went into business for himself

instead. (D)Opening a workshop in Cincinnati, he

immediately started inventing.

* apprentice: 견습생 ** relentlessly: 끊임없이



It was _______________________________ that he dropped

out and spent his time working

448. (B)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.448)

Woods read and studied the subject of electrical

engineering ________ __________ and ___________.



he had _______ _________ difficulty finding work that

matched his skills than many other black inventors

did

450. (D)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.450)

________________________ a workshop in Cincinnati

when he started inventing.



내신

대비

- 96 -


(A)Some scholars recommend we focus on

questions that are easy to answer. This criterion is

not without logic: study of the fundamentally

unknowable is futile and should be avoided.

However, the larger danger lies in pointlessly “

(가)looking under the light” when the object sought

lies in darkness but could with effort be found.

Large parts of social science have already diverted

their focus (B)[ from / importance / to / the / ease

/ observe ], thereby drifting into trivia. Einstein’s

general theory of relativity proved hard to test. So

should he have restrained himself from devising it?

The structure of a scientific program is distorted

when researchers shy from the logical next

question because its answer (나)_____________________.

A better solution is (C)관찰이 덜 가능한 것을 연구

하는 더 어려운 과업을 떠맡는 학자들에게 추가적인

인정을 해 주는 것.

* futile: 쓸데없는, 무익한 ** trivia: 하찮은 것

451. (A)를 단문구조인 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈

칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 451)

Some scholars recommend _________ __________ on

easily __________ questions.

452. (가)가 의미하는 것을 본문의 단어를 이용하여 두 단어로 적으시오. 452)

____________ _________________

453. 아래 우리말과 일치하도록 (B)의 괄호 안의 단

어들을 알맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 453)

중요한 것으로부터 쉽게 관찰될 수 있는 것

<조건>

본문에 있는 어구를 참조할 것.

454. (나)의 빈 칸에 다음 단어를 포함하는 알맞은 5단어로 된 어구를 적으시오. 454)

<보기> find




give / bonus credit / to / take on / the harder

task / less / of / study / the / scholars / who /

observable



내신

대비

- 97 -

23강 예술, 스포츠 및 엔터테인먼트


(A)While the transportation infrastructure may

shape where we travel today, in the early eras of

travel, (B)it determined whether people could travel

at all. The development and improvement of

transportation was one of the most important

factors (C)[ allow / on / modern / tourism / in /

develop / large / a scale ] and become a regular

part of the lives of billions of people around the

world. (D)Technological advances provided the basis

for the explosive expansion of local, regional, and

global transportation networks and made travel

faster, easier, and cheaper. (E)This not only created

new tourist-generating and tourist-receiving regions

but also prompted a host of other changes in the

tourism infrastructure, such as accommodations. As

a result, the availability of transportation

infrastructure and services has been considered a

fundamental precondition for tourism.

* infrastructure: 산업 기반 시설

456. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 456)

Despite the ______________ of the place today by the

transportation infrastructure

457. (B)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 들어

갈 알맞은 단어를 적으시오.457)

it determined the ___________ of __________ __________

at all

458. (C)의 괄호 안의 단어들을 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적

으시오. 458)

459. (D)를 부사구가 포함된 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 459)

_______ _________ ________ _______ the basis for the

explosive expansion of local, regional, and global

transportation networks, technological advances made

travel faster, easier, and cheaper



________________________________ new tourist-generating

and tourist-receiving regions, but it also prompted a

host of other changes in the tourism infrastructure,

such as accommodations.



내신

대비

- 98 -


The types of sounds, rhythms, and musical

textures we find (a)[pleasing / pleased] are

generally extensions of previous (가)[active /

positive] experiences we’ve had with music in our

lives. (A)This is because hearing a song that you

like is a lot like having any other pleasant sensory

experience—eating chocolate, fresh-picked

raspberries, smelling coffee in the morning, seeing

a work of art or the peaceful face of someone you

love who is sleeping. We take pleasure in the

sensory experience, and find (나)[calmness /

comfort] in its familiarity and the safety that

familiarity (b)[brings / brings to]. I can look at a

ripe raspberry, smell it, and anticipate that it will

taste good (c)[and / and that] the experience will

be safe — I won’t get sick. If I’ve never seen a

loganberry before, (B)there are so many points in

common with the raspberry that I can take the

chance in eating it and anticipate that it will be

(다)[safe / comfort].



The __________ is __________ hearing a song that you

like is very ____________ to having any other pleasant

sensory experience.


there are too many points in common with the

raspberry ________ ________ _______ ______ _________ the

chance in eating it


(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________


(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________

465. 위 글의 요약문이 되도록 다음 보기의 단어들을 다시 배열하여 적으시오. 465)

<보기>

previous / the senses / new / raise / expectations

/ for / ones / positive / experiences / with

__________________________________________________________

____________________________________.



내신

대비

- 99 -


Every aspect of training for elite athletes has

(가)[explicit / implicit] goals. Everything they do

inside and outside the practice venue is goal

directed. (A)As coach, you want to help your

athletes do two things: be goal directed and set

their own goals. (B)When working with your

athletes, give them daily, weekly, and monthly

goals. You can write them down and give them to

your athletes. For example, when I observed a

practice in China, I noticed the coach would give

each diver a piece of paper with that day’s

(나)[individual / team] practice and goals.

Remember, (C)don’t limit goals to just the physical

practice. They should also have goals for other

parts of training such as their warm-up routine,

mental training, and conditioning. Also, (D)have

your athletes take their sport home with them.

Encourage them to keep a journal in which they

reflect on their practices and competition

performances, set new practice goals, (다)[evaluate /

revise] their short-term and long-term goals, and

so on.

* venue: 장소



As coach, you want to help your athletes do two

things, ______________________________________ and the

other to set their own goals.



When working with your athletes, give them daily,

weekly, and monthly goals, ____________________________

____________________________________.

<조건>

1. 관계사를 이용할 것.


___________ of __________ goals to just the physical

practice, they should also have goals for other parts

of training


have your athletes' sport ____________ __________

_________ keeping a journal



(가)_______________ (나)_____________ (다)______________



내신

대비

- 100 -


With some songs, (A)the communication of a

dominant emotional mood or a specific rhythmic

feel are just as important as the communication of

the lyrics. Many blues songs are in this category.

(B)Despite the differences implied by genre and

tradition, it is safe to say that (C)the successful

communication of a text is not always necessary

for a successful singing performance, and it is

never sufficient. Even in genres where it is expected

that lyrics are understandable, such as opera and

art song, (D)there is more going on. Joan

Sutherland, the Australian soprano, was sometimes

criticized for poor diction because she changed

some of her vowel sounds ever so slightly. Yet (E)

이 결점은 그녀가 20세기의 가장 위대한 오페라 가수

중 한 명으로 간주되는 것을 막지 못했다.

* diction: 발음 ** vowel: 모음



the communication of a dominant emotional mood

or a specific rhythmic feel as ______ _______ _____

______ ________ are just as important as the

communication of the lyrics



Although _____________________________________________


조건에 맞게 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 적으시오. 473)

a successful singing performance (A)________________

_________________ the successful communication of a

text, (B)____________ is never sufficient.

<조건>

1. (A) require를 포함하는 4단어의 어구를 적을 것

2. (B)는 의미에 알맞은 단어를 적을 것

474. 밑줄 친 (A)가 지칭하는 것을 글에서 찾아 우리말로 쓰시오.474)

________________________________________________________

475. (E)의 우리말과 일치하도록 다음 보기의 다어들

을 알맞게 배열하고 일부 단어를 어법에 맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 475)

<보기>

this shortcoming / her / from / consider / one of

/ the greatest / not / bar / opera singers / of the

twentieth century

__________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

__________________.



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- 101 -


Joy Batchelor is a British-based animator who

founded the Halas and Batchelor studio with John

Halas. Batchelor’s father encouraged her drawing

skills as a child. Despite some difficulties in her

childhood, (A)Batchelor won a school scholarship,

attending art school in Watford. (B)Her studies were

successful but due to a lack of money she was

unable to continue and instead began to work. She

worked well in an animation studio for three years

until it closed, (C)________________ she found work at

a printing company as a poster designer. She

remained with the poster company for six months

and met John Halas. After a short trip to John’s

native Hungary, they returned to Britain where in

1940 they founded Halas and Batchelor studio, and

later married. In the 1950s, the studio began work

on Animal Farm, which (D)became one of its best

known films as well as Britain’s first feature-length

animation.

476. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 조건에 맞게 빈

칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 476)

__________________________________________________________

_______ art school in Watford

<조건>

enable을 이용하는 단문구조로 만들 것.

477. (B)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 477)

Despite (A)_____________________________ a lack of

money prevented (B)______________________ and instead

forced her to begin to work

478. 어법상 그리고 문맥상 (C)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 두 단어를 적으시오. 478)

__________________ _________________


became not only ______________________________________

______________________



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- 102 -

24강 환경 및 보건


(A)Major long-term threats to deep-sea fishes, as

with all life on the planet, derive from trends of

global climate change. Although deep-sea fishes are

generally coldwater species, (1)warming the oceans

itself may not be (가)a direct threat. (B)Many of the

deep-sea fishes originated during the early

Cretaceous when the deep sea was warm, and the

Mediterranean Sea, which is warm down to a depth

of over 5,000m, is populated by deep-sea fishes.

On the other hand, substantial changes may (2)be

expected in ocean ecosystems over the next 100

years (3)driven by an increase in dissolved carbon

dioxide (CO2) and consequent ocean acidification

(4)resulted from burning of fossil fuels. Although

the effects on deep-sea fishes are likely to be

indirect (5)through loss of coral habitats and

changes in prey availability, larval stages of

deep-sea fishes in the surface layers of the ocean

may be directly affected by acidity.

* Cretaceous: 백악기(白堊紀) ** larval: 유생의

480. (A)를 아래문장으로 변환하였다. 조건에 맞게 빈 칸에 들어갈 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 480)

Not only major long-term threats to deep-sea

fishes ________________________________________________ the

trends of global climate change

<조건> affect를 포함시킬 것

481. 밑줄 친 a direct threat가 지칭하는 것을 본문

에서 찾아 우리말로 적으시오. 481)

______________________________________________________

482. (B)가 의미하는 바와 일치하도록 다음 빈 칸에

주어진 철자로 시작하는 단어를 적으시오. 482)

Warming of the oceans has l__________ e_________ on

the deep-sea fishes.

483. 밑줄 친 (1)～(5) 가운데 어법상 잘못 표기된 것을 두 개 찾아 고쳐 적으시오. 483)

( ) _________________ → _________________

( ) _________________ → _________________

484. 다음은 위 글의 요약문이다. 문맥에 맞게 빈 칸

에 주어진 철자로 시작하는 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 484)

Changes in sea t_______________ may not pose an

i____________ threat to deep-sea fishes, and yet

changes in seawater a____________ may d______________

affect them in their larval stages.



내신

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- 103 -


There are two forms of strokes—little and big.

The only difference between them is that one is

the (가)__________________ of the other. (A)Many years

earlier, before a full-fledged stroke develops, some

of the victims may get temporary attacks of

weakness of the body, and these are what are

called ‘minor’ or ‘little’ strokes. One hears less

about them since (B)흔히 사람의 목숨을 앗아가는

것은 바로 큰 뇌졸중이고, 그런 이유로 그것들이 더

흔히 이야기되기 때문에. (C)Little strokes occur in

some people for a number of years prior to the

development of a big event. The strokes are minor

in nature and of varying intensity. (D)A number of

times these are missed since the symptoms are so

peculiar and of varying intensity. It is very

important to look for them since early diagnosis

and management may prevent the development of

a big stroke.

* full-fledged: 본격적인



What are called ‘minor’ or ‘little’ strokes tend to

p_________________ a full-fledged stroke.

486. 아래 영영풀이와 주어진 철자를 참고하여 (가)의 빈 칸에 들어갈 단어를 적으시오. 486)

h__________________: a sign that especially something

bad is going to happen.




<보기>

the big strokes / is / why / often / kill / , /

nothing but / talk of / they / more often


_______________ in some people for a number of

years _____________ a big event __________, little strokes

are minor in nature and __________ in intensity.



A number of times (A)_______ ________ these due to

the _____________ of symptoms and varying intensity



내신

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- 104 -


(A)The key to any recycling programme is

participation, which is greatly influenced by

motivation. (B)People can be motivated by extrinsic

or intrinsic rewards. Usually, extrinsic rewards

consist of a payment for collected materials. This

solution can be very effective, (C)but extrinsically

motivated behaviour does not continue on its own

when the inducement is withdrawn. On the other

hand, intrinsic rewards fulfil a person’s need to

have an impact on their world, (a)[provide /

providing] satisfaction to individuals. (D)For these

reasons, intrinsic behaviour tends to last longer

than extrinsically motivated behaviour. An extensive

study in Sweden showed that the moral motives

significantly lower the cost associated with

households’ recycling efforts. Furthermore, moral

motives can, in some cases, be the cause of

inefficient policy outcomes when (b)[introducing /

introduced] economic incentives to (c)[promote /

promoting] recycling efforts.

* inducement: 장려책



The key to any recycling programme is

participation, _______ __________ motivation has greatly

influence.



People can be motivated by extrinsic or intrinsic

rewards, _______ ________ of __________ usually consist

of a payment for collected materials

492. (C)와 같은 내용을 가진 문장을 만들고자 한다. 보기 단어들을 이용하여 빈 칸에 알맞은 어구를 적으시오. 492)

but extrinsically motivated behaviour ________________

___________________________

<보기>

affect / by / inducement / greatly



This ________ ____________ intrinsic behaviour tends to

last longer than extrinsically motivated behaviour.

494. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 것을 골라 차례대로 적으시오.494)

(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________



내신

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- 105 -


It is a(n) (a)(refute) feature of our world that

everything each and every one of us does affects

everyone else, everywhere, because we all share the

same air. Little things like recycling your junk mail,

installing energy-efficient lightbulbs, and reusing

grocery bags, (A)all make a difference, although a

seemingly small one. But along with the small

changes, (B)making a better future is going to

require huge ideas and huge actions. We need to

think big, because we are going to have to take

big steps as a society. As Rick Smalley put it: “We

have to do more with (b)(little).” We have to

provide more food, more water, and more energy

to more people, (C)using not just less of Earth’s

resources— not just less fossil fuel, but no fossil

fuel at all. We need to break free of our carbon

shackles. I’m sure that if we understand energy and

how its production affects the atmosphere, we can

do all that.

** shackles: 족쇄

495. (a), (b)의 괄호 안의 단어를 글의 흐름과 어법에

맞게 고쳐 적으시오. 495)

(a)__________________ (b)__________________

496. (A)와 같은 내용을 가진 어구를 만들고자 한다. (A)의 단어를 활용하여 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 496)

all make a difference, in spite of its ____________

______________



huge ideas and huge actions _______ _______ _______

________ making a better future


using not just less of Earth’s resources not just less

fossil fuel _______ _______ ________ no fossil fuel at all.

499. 위 글에서 필자가 주장하는 내용이 되도록 보기

의 단어들을 알맞게 배열하여 빈 칸에 적으시오. 499)

To make a better future, ___________________________

__________________________________

<보기>

you / changes / need / great / great / action /

with / ideas / and / small /



내신

대비

- 106 -


Energy drinks are frequently marketed (a)[to

target / targeting] young adults with declarations of

increasing mental and physical energy levels as well

as (b)[provide / providing] a short-term boost to

mood and performance. However, (A)some energy

drinks contain almost three times the caffeine of an

average carbonated soda. (B)Although the acute

mood effects associated with consuming energy

drinks are often positive, regular consumption of

energy drinks is associated with undesirable mental

health effects such as anxiety, depression, and

possibly mood disorders. In one study based on

136 undergraduate students, the authors observed

that male students in general consumed more

energy drinks than female students. Moreover,

students consumed energy drinks when they felt

stressed out. However, consuming energy drinks on

a regular basis was associated with lower academic

performance. In another study based on 502 young

males and 567 young females, the authors

observed that energy drink consumption (100

mL/day) was significantly associated with anxiety

(though not depression) in males but not in

females.

* acute: 단시간의, 급성의



some energy drinks contain almost three times

_______ _________ ________ ________ an average

carbonated soda does.

501. (B)와 같은 내용을 가진 ‘부사구‘를 만들고자 한

다. 빈 칸에 알맞은 단어를 적으시오. 501)

_____________ the ________________ of the acute mood

effects associated with consuming energy drinks

502. (a), (b), (c)의 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 것을 골라 차례대로 적으시오.

(a)______________ (b)______________ (c)______________

503. 다음은 위 글의 요약문이다. 조건을 참고하여

본문의 내용에 맞게 빈 칸에 적으시오. 502)

Young men consume more energy drinks than

young women, _________________________________________

_______________.

<조건>

1. 분사구문을 이용할 것.

2. result in을 포함할 것

2020년 EBS 수능특강

- 107 -

1) applied2) she can change recipe : 요리법 변경 가능 여부를 문의하려고3) except, for4) I just created → I have just created I already

submitted → I have already submitted5) changed, if, possible6) (가)looking (나)specializing (다)to offer7) is written to ask if Mr. Jones is willing to go

over the proposal for : 도서 출판 제안서를 검토해 볼 의향이 있는지 문의

하려고8) have passed since I owned of Oodles of

Poodles9) grooming10) whose, service 11) under, which12) it, difficult13) it be possible for me to have my payment

plan restructured to make14) (가)means (나)to rent (다)Should15) will need not to be carried to each class by

them16) (A)have a locker rented 17) In order to guide parents about their

children's application for leasing lockers on campus

: 자녀의 교내 사물함 대여 신청에 대해 안내하려고18) regrettable, ordered, to have arrived19) following up → following up on / hope to be

service to you again → hope to be of service to you again.

20) appear to have been exposed to21) being, too, late22) offering you complimentary flowers of equal

value for your next occasion23) vain : in vain(헛되이)24) on, point(edge, verge), of25) (가)swelling (나)Taking : (가)는 현재분사의 형용사용법으로 명사의 능동적

인 행위를 나타낸다. (나)는 분사구문으로 주어의 순차적 동작을 나타낸다.

26) He waiting : 분사구문의 의미상의 주어는 주격으로 나타낸다.27) As he was walking

28) (a)was brought (b)stood (c)to take : (a)주어가 동작의 대상이므로 수동태가 맞고 (b)는

도치구문이고 (c)는 can't wait to R.V구문이다, 29) pulled : pull off = remove30) (A)holding, (B)with31) a, lovely, feeling, lovely above32) got a bicycle from her parents for her

birthday and was riding it right in the garden with joy and excitement

Margaret은 부모님으로부터 자전거를 생일 선물로 받고 기쁨과 흥분으로 바로 정원에서 타보고 있다.

33) as soon as I heard 34) her crying and being nearly hysterical : 전치사의 목적어는 밑줄 친 동명사이고 의미상의 주

어가 문장의 주어와 다르므로 소유격으로 나타낸다. 35) (가)blurted (나)nightmare (다)beat36) bursting : can't help + 동명사 / can't but + 동사원형37) those, nothing, so, funny 38) he knew to be waiting for him39) eternity40) (가)left (나)Anxiously (다)would41) Lady was nowhere to be seen.42) Neither the trailer nor horse43) he could ever imagine had been realized44) (A)it took so long in his mother's car to see

(B)he realized that he would never see Chase는 엄마의 차를 타고 자신이 그렇게 사랑하는

암말을 보러 가는 시간이 영원처럼 느껴졌는데, 농장에 도착해서는 자신이 보고 싶어 하던 암말을 누군가가 사 갔으므로 말을 다시는 보지 못하리라는 것을 알게 된다.

45) as it stood up46) flung fluttering things47) (a)By (b)to go (c)that48) from among49) strike, by, baseball, was, brought50) was, ended, by, issuing :주어가 strike이므로 수동태로 전환해야 한다. judge

의 능동적 행위를 현재분사로 나타낸다.51) enjoying, successful 52) sake, sacrificing53) reluctance54) because, reading, faces55) both, and56) getting rough details about a book rather

than trying to comprehend it through actually reading

57) (가)literacy (나)where (다)distraction58) charge, nothing, without

- 108 -

59) ought, same : ought to V: 당연히 V해야 한다.60) (가)no less than(=as much as) (나)forget

(다)status61) Like 62) giving us joy, occasionally even moving us to

anger → of giving us joy, occasionally even of moving us to anger

: capable of A, (capable) of B and of C구조임63) company64) (A)occurrence, (B)as65) little, to, do : have little(much) to do with A :A와 관계가 별

로 없다(깊다)66) when, sleep, begins67) melatonin has little influence on the

generation of sleep itself:68) generate sleep69) did soap and alcohol work, nor other solvents

did70) has never lost the position of the market

leader ever since its launch71) risk, failure 72) resilience(탄력)73) be taken as granted as far as innovation and

product development are concerned74) (a)Overconfidence(과신) (b)discourages :discourage A + from +동(명사)75) (가)comes (나)am fitted (다)to it76) abandon, prepare : 안일함을 버리고 미래를 준비하는 자세를 가져야

한다.77) (a)least (b)driven by78) one is forced to make rather than the one

made with one's own will79) less, important, location80) (a)be called, (b)among which81) location, so, much, as, by :A not so much as B: A라기 보다는 차라리 B이다 82) (가)happen (나)but (다)what83) Either, or, both84) (가)compliment (나)downplay (다)uneasy85) willing → reluctant86) credit87) Anyone would have done that 88) unwilling : 사람들은 칭찬을 자연스럽게 받아들이지 못하는 경

향이 있다.89) Despite, pride90) as, fast, as / fastness(or speed), what 91)(가)deliberate(신중한)(나)stand(견디다) (다)closely

(주의 깊게)92) listening, to, at : 우리의 생각이 전혀 들어줄만한 가치가 없다93) for, who94) the listener thinks that the speech is

important and listens carefully. : 천천히 말하면 청자는 그 말하는 내용이 중요하다

고 생각하여 경청하게 된다.95) nothing, mention96) experts, experience97) (a)is (b)making (c)to use : (a) 동명사구가 주어인 경우 그 수에 상관없이 단수

취급한다. (b) to가 전치사이므로 동명사가 와야한다. (c) will이 조동사이므로 need가 본동사가 된다.

98) In, both, and99) that, the, best, expert 100) initiative : 자신의 가족과 관련된 일에서 부모가 결정의 주도

권을 가져야 한다.101) (a)preserving (b)take (c)have102) to probably have had time to notice103) to have your child's life recorded and those

memories stored : 자녀의 삶을 기록하고 그 기억들을 저장하기 위해

사진을 많이 찍어야 한다.104) (A)that, (B)behaviors and beliefs of105) (가)authentic (나)imagine (다)minor106) the more they receive exposure to different

cultural patterns during school years → the more exposure they receive to different cultural patterns during school years

107) the more successfully they will make the transition as adults.

108) should be offered the opportunity to experience various cultures

: 학생들에게 다양한 문화를 경험할 기회를 제공해 주어야 한다.

109) The beliefs we hold play the role in comprehending a new story.

110) not as concerned with what we are hearing as we are with finding what we already know that is relevant

111) (a)commented upon (b)a belief of ours (c)attached112) the, one / what113) functions, for, us, to, understand 114) (B) → (A) → (D) → (C)115) With, gathering, pace, it, is, thought, that116) No, less117) resulted, in118) confusing, academic, ability, with, intelligence119) (A)a key influence on

- 109 -

(B)followed by outside influences becoming120) (가)learning (나)difficult (다)rewarding121) (A)whose, (B)with122) effects, youth's, choices123) signaling, such 124) creating a pool of silence that is as effective

a stimulus contrast as an alarm snort125) (가)observation (나)fascination126) defense127) Not, only, did, rooting128) much, as, various129) (a)considered (b)to go (c)its : (a)consider를 수동태로 전환 시 as를 동반하지

않는다. (b)앞에 was regarded가 생략됨 (c)주어가 every 이므로 단수로 받는다.

130) nothing express the national character more clearly than folk music

131) (A)musical nationalism (B)purely human (C)national soul

: 민속 음악은 순수한 인간 본성의 산물이며, 이 본성이 민족마다 고유하게 표출되어 ‘민족적인 정신’을 나타내는 것이라는 의식이 음악적 민족주의의 중요한 부분이다.

132) tend to photocopy materials that are unnecessary and unimportant to their study

133) nothing important has been accomplished 134) is as foreign as if it had been left on the

library shelf.135) (a)accessibility (b)selective (c)transportable 136) Students' photocopying materials itself is not

a sign of accomplishment.137) Neither, should, we / can, we, depend138) If you left it to others to be creative, not

much would get done139) you would be left out of the new economy140) (a)Adapting (b)unlocking141) (A) creativity (B)will be alienated from

the new economic system. 142) (a)of which (b) (b)to present (c)using143) (가)interpretive (나)moral (다)anything but144) Grow, Hearing145) socialize146) have certain lessons to convey to us,

through which we understand and socialize the world.

우리가 듣는 이야기들은 우리에게 전달하려는 특정 교훈을 지닌 것으로 이야기를 통해 우리는 세계를 이해하고 사회화되어 간다.

147) the more chances there are that are sold than in the middle

148) red is used in the middle of the bench to

attract the consumer and lift sales.149) Colour, Position 150) matter, what, message, may, be151) both, ends, in, the, middle : 소비자들은 진열대의 양쪽 끝에서 구매하는 경향이

있기 때문에 판매를 늘리기 위해서는 사람들의 눈길을 끄는 색인 빨간색을 진열대의 중앙에 놓을 필요가 있다.

152) (가)retrospective (나)introspectively (다)biased153) searching, lost154) Reorganizing, Current155) (a)consciously (b)meaningful (c)encouraged156) reorganized, influenced : 과거의 기억은 우리의 현재 믿음과 분위기에 의해

영향을 받아 재조직된 것이다.157) (A)By, allowing (B)enables158) privacy, protected159) We will be forced to live with a detailed

record160) accessed, to, wherever161) either, enough, it162) (a)overwhelming (b)a lot (c)worthy163) you’ll feel inspired and motivated to continue

with what is left164) The more each smaller success you make165) either, or166) which, seeming, smallness167) make, believe168) Acting, by, involved169) (a)thinking (b)have decided (c)to accomplish170) the more attention they shift to staging the

play they have planned171) both 172) when a son should come of age173) (A)Unlike (B)unfixed174) heir 175) formally acknowledged a Roman child as an

adult and the son176) worn, by, children177) For us to remember stories178) refuse, tell, stories179) not talking about it makes it easier to forget.180) Telling a story will make you less able181) possibility, reconstruction182) (가)unnatural (나)indistinct (다)naturalistic183) less easily → more easily184) comes, so, much, as185) are imperfectly realized, merely hinted at,

and entangled with other things

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186) 현실과는 달리 예술작품은 완전하고, 온전하며, 무관한 문제들로부터 자유로운 것처럼 보인다.

187) ends up with no choice but to lose face188) (A)infamous, (B)bargaining 189) highly, undesirable 190) how bargaining reputation affects how others

treat you191) is widely favored by192) Not only does it provide193) large, as : population은 large or small 로 나타낸다. 194) afford195) fostering, temporary adoption 196) that they can't raise them197) in, termination198) weaning 199) Temporary, common200) (가)myths (나)reference (다)furthering201) as well as just acquiring202) (A)if anyone looked out over (B)would have

this sense confirmed203) relative, contemporary 이 글은 우리가 진실이라고 믿는 지식이 사실은 시대

적, 문화적 가치를 포함한 상대적인 것일 수 있다고 주장한다.

204) (d)는 Hopkins를 가리키고 나머지는 작가를 가리킨다.

205) For that reason206) (a)signed (b)lying (c)that207) accident(우연) : 그것은 다음에 이어지는 우연한 이야기에 비하면

약하다.208) (e)는 the life를 나머지는 괴물프랑켄슈타인을 가

리킨다.209) of which were then put together210) entity(실체, 본질)211) What he didn’t know is that he had created

a beast212) but, no, choice, but213) (a)owed (b)lacking (c)totalling214) had not been timely Mr. Phelps would have

been arrested for debt 215) with, persuade216) without, being : not A without B동명사(A할 때마다 B를 하다)217) never, but : never A but B(A할 때마다 B를 하다)218) was worn out by Degas' persistence219) his little retouch had become a disaster and

the pastel was completely destroyed

220) No one was so famous an art dealer as Lord Duveen

: [ so, as, too, how, however] + 형용사 + 관사 + 명사 어순이다.

221) audience(접견)222) (a)the other (b)to have made (c)raised : (a)특정한 수에서 나머지를 나타내고 (b)는 과거에

이루어진 일이므로 (c)는 and smashed가 힌트이다.223) be studied by him : 주절에 command가 있으므로 종속절에는 동사 원

형을 사용한다,224) sent unlimited confidence in Lord Duveen in

his expertise revealed in bold action 225) does food distinguish eaters but it also

unites them : not only가 문두로 가면 도치구문을 만든다.226) be, it, ethnicity227) (가)emotional (나)sensual (다)training 228) wholeness(일체성)229) the destiny of a community depends on how

well it nourishes its members230) Sharing231) 그는 비언어적 기술과 언어적 기술이 서로 다른 행

동 영역으로 갈라졌다고 하더라도 그들의 강한 유대감을 유지할 수 있다.

232) (가)similar (나)strong (다)puzzling 233) increasingly lost their ability to communicate

verbally234) their fine-motor finger control improves do

infants gain235) The more capable she grows, the wider the

boundaries will become 236) (가)flexible (나)anxious (다)readiness

(라)structure237) (a)in which (b)how (c)to take238) (A)limits (B)expand, (C)readiness : 아이들은 제한을 필요로 하고, 아이의 준비도에 따

라 아이가 활동할 수 있는 경계선을 확장해 갈 수 있다

239) Cheap replication enables a pattern240) if it should be changed241) proven, better, adaptation242) Potatoes used to be qualified for a staple

food item in Europe, but they did not destroy the wheat-based system

과거 유럽에서 감자가 주요한 식품에는 속했지만 밀을 기반으로 한 시스템을 파괴하지는 못했다

243) 다른 사람이 먼저 말하도록 기다리는 마야의 문화244) it, necessary245) : 미국인들은 적절한 반응보다 자신의 의견을 가장

먼저 내세우는 경향이 있다

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246) sorry, speak, before, response : Marsiela Gomez는 혼혈 마야인으로 적절한 반응

보다 먼저 말하는 필요성이 더 중요하다고 느끼는 미국인들에게 아쉬움을 느낀다.

247) The need to be heard first seems to be more important

248) (a)taught (b)add (c)that when249) never manage to lift their heads high

enough to be seen by opportunity250) not too bright or encouraging to fan off

ambition251) too strong for us to try to throw off252) of observing how others get ahead253) (가)closeness (나)constructive (다)overheated254) take, preventive, thanks 255) (a)knew (b)opposed (c)beginning256) is still being fought at home on many levels257) intimacy is likely to hurt the people more : 내전이 전쟁보다 더 쓰라린 이유는 친밀함이 국민

들에게 더 큰 상처를 입힐 가능성이 높기 때문이다.258) less, important, than259) that can encourage molds to grow260) dehydration(탈수)261) with the levels of both carbon dioxide and

moisture being regulated carefully262) important, which263) to prepare the child to defend himself or to

run away from the danger264) (A)feel emotionally unsecure (B)severely

affect their mental growth : 어린이들이 정서적으로 안전하다고 느끼지 않을 때

뇌의 주요부분이 정지되고 성장하는 데 심각한 영향을 받을 수 있다

265) (a)are secreted (b)are triggered266) Once the product is consumed, the

packaging is left to be handled separately.267) not only from consumer packaging waste but

also from each stage268) not, all, of, which 269) (가)where 270) (나)minimize (다)resource271) (a)what (b)putting (c)being informed272) dough273) the more people feel they have in common274) the more people you’ll be able to project a

favorable image with275) Broadening knowledge and having a lot in

common with others helps build social bridges.276) Despite, without, considering277) among, which278) (a)are unlikely to decide (B)would be

impossible to implement it 279) approaching, expensiveness280) nor, without : 어느 누구도 기업가가 되도록 ‘타고난’것은 아니며 또

한 어느 누구도 기업가가 될 잠재력이 없는 것도 아니다

281) are personality traits and characteristics, which

282) (가)function (나)independence (C)acquaintances

283) (a)Whether (b)witnessing (c)appealing284) are more than twice as likely to be involved

in starting a new firm as those 285) the result of the effects of acquired

environments and personal experiences rather than innate ones

: 기업가가 되는 것은 선천적이라기보다는 후천적인 환경의 영향과 개인적인 경험의 결과이다.

286) can be seen to change287) origin, early, as288) Successive 289) (가)intermediate (나)present (다)fused 290) (a)rock-bound (b)culminating (c)so did291) (다) → (나) → (라) → (가) 292) followed, one293) do not explicitly direct goal-relevant

processing, whose294) ⓓ main effect → side effect295) what learning is → what is learned / one

which → that which296) was, fortunately, which, regarded, as297) Really jealous298) (b)won → had won (c)was read → read299) authentic300) formal 301) is, produced, continuously, interacting302) an effect of303) (a)to maintain (b)prematurely (c)raised304) (가)routine (나)communicable (C)challenge305) the mother's care for herself determines

whether the baby is born and raised healthy 306) much, with, due307) human ingenuity was unlocked308) (A)were taken advantage of (B)of which

remained 309) is owed to 310) to, easily311) can be cleared of trees312) Not only was it once used 313) when the soil starts to show signs of being

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depleted of nutrients,314) constantly move into new areas and destroy

the forests315) (a)slashing (b)allowing (c)are planted316) whose, difference317) were, asked, by, researchers318) one sentence was read → one sentence read319) this reflects Americans' strong tendency to

emphasize the role of traits in leading to behavior

320) the tendency of those from collectivistic cultures to take situational factors into account

321) that they have few322) with natural predators lacking in their new

homes323) (a)the ones (b)are kept (c)kills324) in which325) (가)size (나)diversity (다)specific 326) As, it, is327) many, of, which328) of, which, with329) ⓐruined ⓑwas formed 330) hideaway(숨을 곳)331) neither, nor 332) why333) (가)highest (나)little (다)strength 334) difference, in, size335) (A)whose loose ties to the outside restrict

them (B)profit from exposure to new information

336) (A)was followed by (B)slowly rolled out 337) as, before338) 아기들이 출생 직후 바로 모방할 수 있다339) realizations340) the same operating body parts as you 341) cognitive, behavioral, imitation : 행동 모방 관찰을 통한 신생아의 인지능력 입증342) (가)restrict (나)grammatical (다)reasoning 343) constructive344) culture 345)(A)practice the skills of building and

imagining things (B)which reflects what they hear, see, and experience

: 아이들은 놀면서 언어를 습득하고 무언가를 만들고 상상하는 기술을 연습하는데, 그것은 그들이 주변 세계에서 듣고, 보고, 경험하는 것을 반영한다.

346) which needed a sound to express347) to ease their listeners’ understanding of the

coinage rather than having to define it or

illustrate it with examples348) metaphor349) (가)would have done (나)could have used

(다) had had to350) (A)needed a sound to express their idea

(B)would help remember the idea : 단어의 장인들은 자신들의 생각을 표현할 소리를

필요로 했을 때, 단지 무작위적인 소리가 아니라, 그 생각을 기억해 내는 것을 도울 유용한 소리를 선택했다.

351) more likely to express their opinion with confidence

352) enables353) (a)found (b)not more (c)making it clear354) needs to ask a person with lower status for

his or her opinion to facilitate sharing of information within a group

355) (가)dominate (나)unique (다)support356) Jack's letting him win at chess was

responsible357) were, allowed358) (a)to lose (b)had been reached (c)threw359) Rather, than360) perfectionism361) Not only did he sell362) for, whom, (up)on, graduation363) whose, knowledge, advice, used, to, make364) neither, nor, has365) investing his money and spending it366) of loving people367) rather368) both, and 369) 지역 사회를 일으켜 세워 이득을 주는 은행가가 되

기370) play, central, where371) (A)belonged, (B)respectively372) failure373) none, of, whose374) what was expected to be the world’s first

practical helicopter375) legacy376) while, looking377) (a)thought of (b)at looking (c)Genuinely378) (가)conflicting (나)simultaneously

(C)effortlessly379) choosing carefully → carefully choosing380) trying too hard to look cool can be the very

thing that prevents us from being cool381) one, of, which, the, other382) ineffective.

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383) to themselves384) reminded, getting 385) strategy to regulate their behavior386) neither, nor387) by knowing 388) otherwise389) be attended to 390) when to stop looking for more facts to

develop a point of view391) (A)It is highly critical (B)be followed by

fitting392) as, losses, of393) is, why, to, revitalize, languages394) (a)identity (b)heritage395) (가)attrition (나)differences (다)endangerment396) (4)why → that397) attempting to resurrect them from whatever

records have survived.398) The more and better tools are built for

humans progress, the higher standards of living they will want to generate.

: 인간의 발전을 위한 도구가 점점 더 많이 만들어질수록, 인간들은 더 높은 수준의 삶을 만들고 싶어할 것이다.

399) could, be, imagined400) no, satiation401) followed402) Unceasing : 도구를 개발하는 것에 대한 인간의 끊임없는 관심403) makes it possible for us to get things done 404) when we are least conscious of the extent to

which our perception and cognition are guided by them.

405) too integral to our thinking for us to identify406) necessary for us to be occasionally407) it can stimulate us to ask the questions that

lead us to new answers408) be passed409) (a)be followed by (b)offering (c)recommending410) (가)welcomed (나)adaptation (다)fosters411) majority, neglect412) different strategies to address the problem of

texting walkers413) conform, unconsciously414) unconscious415) without, realizing416) While mirroring others makes them like us

more417) nonverbal418) is so strong and dangerous a political force

today419) By nationalism a people believe in their

natural right and duty420) near, being, defeated421) a new nation will be formed422) (a)among (b)apart 423) which resulted in me being very innovative

and forward thinking in my business424) By, pursuing, we, are, encouraged425) 그것을 과감하게 포기하라426) clinging to what makes no sense and

thinking it any more427) nowhere428) possibility, comparing429) display, variety430) (가)repel (나)lower (다)cluster 431) (A)comparing (B)assemble432) by making the mall a more desirable place

to shop for shoes433) constant, there, as, well434) leading, in435) (가)Among (나)surrounding (다)avoid 436) body, temperature437) (1)are social insects → are those of social

insects 438) just, keep, losing439) depending, necessary440) (a)reach (b)during winter (c)shrink441) the ability of birds to control nerve cells in

the brain442) minimum443) the lower stress responses they exhibit and

the higher maternal care they provide themselves

444) tends to be shown with both mothers providing low maternal care and their offspring

445) offspring cross-fostered to other mothers show patterns of stress responsivity more similar to that of their foster mothers

446) Stress, responses, are, affected447) not long after he attended school448) with, passion, relentlessness449) not, less450) Hardly had he opened 451) our, focusing, answerable452) the, knowable(known)453) from the important to the easily observed454) will be hard to find

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455) to give bonus credit to scholars who take on the harder task of studying the less observable

456) shaping457) possibility, people's, traveling458) in allowing modern tourism to develop on a

large scale459) In, addition, to, providing460) Not only did this create461) reason, that, similar 462) for, me, not, to, take 463) (a)pleasing (b)brings (c)and that464) (가)positive (나)comfort (다)safe465) Previous positive experiences with the senses

raise expectations for new experiences. :이전의 감각에 대한 긍정적인 경험이 새로운 경험에

대한 기대치를 높인다.466) one of which is to be goal directed467) which you can write down and give to your

athletes468) Instead, limiting469) taken, home, by470) (가)explicit (나)individual (다)evaluate 471) well, as, of, the, lyrics472) genre and tradition imply the difference473) does not always require, which474) 지배적인 감정적 기분이나 특정한 리드미컬한 느낌

을 전달하기475) this shortcoming did not bar her from being

considered one of the greatest opera singers of the twentieth century.

476) Batchelor's winning a school scholarship enabled her to attend

477) (A)her successful studies (B)her from continuing

478) after which479) Britain’s first feature-length animation but

also one of its best known films 480) but also all life on the planet are affected by481) 화석 연료 연소로 발생한 용존 이산화탄소의 증가

와 그 결과로 발생한 해양 산성화482) little, effect483) (1)warming → warming of (4)resulted from

→ resulting from484) temperature, immediate, acidity, directly 485) precede486) harbinger487) nothing but the big strokes often kill, which

is why they are talked of more often488) Occurring, before, develops, various489) (A)one, misses (B)peculiarity

490) on, which491) the, former, which492) is greatly affected by inducement.493) is, why494) (a)providing (b)introducing (c)promote495) (a)irrefutable (b)less496) seeming, smallness497) will, be, required, for 498) so, much, as499) you need great ideas and great action with

small changes. : 더 나은 미래를 만들기 위해서는 작은 변화와 함께 거대한 아이디어와 거대한 행동이 필요하다

500) as much caffeine as501) Despite, positivity502) resulting in lower academic performance and

higher anxiety : 에너지 음료를 젊은 남성이 여성보다 더 많이 소비

하고 그 결과 학업수행은 더 낮아지고 불안은 더 높아졌다.

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