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19/11/2014
1
Economic Crisis and the
Impacts in Historic Cores
in IrelandDECLAN REDMOND, RICHARD WALDRON AND
MARK SCOTT
Key characteristics
1. A comparatively new conservation system
Started in 2000
2. A very severe economic crisis
€30bn taken out of the economy
32,000 public service jobs gone
3. Conservation system not resourced before the
crisis
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2
Conservation System
Record of Protected Structures and Development
plan
Architectural, historic, archaeological, artistic,
cultural, scientific, technical or social interest
Interiors, exteriors, any land/ buildings within
curtilage and ancillary fixtures and fittings
Works require planning permission
Owners legally obliged to ensure maintenance
Conservation Finance
Direct Grant Assistance
Grants for maintenance/ repair suspended post crash
Heritage Council - €8m p.a (mid 2000s)
Local Authority Conservation Grants
Scheme (€3.7m p.a)
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3
Case StudiesPopulation at 2011
Limerick 91,000
Waterford 52,000
Drogheda 38,000
Limerick City
•Ireland’s third largest city (pop. 91,454)
•Large medieval town – Englishtown & Irishtown
•Georgian expansion in C18th at Newtown Perry
•Significant vacancy pressure (32%) in historic core
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4
Limerick City
Development plan
693 structures
4 architectural
conservation areas
Specific policies to preserve street pattern, medieval walls
Limerick City
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5
Waterford City
•Ireland’s oldest city (est. 914)
•Important medieval centre – some of its wall remains
•Disadvantaged city (unemployment 25%)
•Significant vacancy pressure (26%) in historic core
Waterford City
Council attempting to “utilise the area’s
heritage to maximum advantage in kick
starting regeneration”
Development Plan
Record of Protected Structures (922)
2 Architectural Conservation Areas
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6
Drogheda, Co. Louth
•Ireland’s largest town
•Founded 911 & strategic defensive site C13th
•Town walls enclosed area of 113 acres
Drogheda
Record of Protected Structures (401)
18 architectural conservation areas
Urban Design Framework Plan for
heritage quarter (2013)
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8
St Laurence’s Gate Millmount and Buttergate
Economic Crisis and Policy
Responses to Conservation
The Government, local government bodies and
other heritage stakeholders, both public and
private, have identified that our historic built
environment is at risk from a number of factors,
particularly in the context of current economic
conditions. Important elements of built heritage in
both public and private ownership are being lost,
allowed to deteriorate or being irretrievably
damaged. (Department of Arts, Heritage and the
Gaeltacht, 2013)
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Urban Land Use Change
Deconcentration of population,
housing and retail
Loss of key industries
Absence of private
investment
Slow degradation of the urban historic fabric
• Buildings at risk
The Crisis & Impacts on Historic
Cores
Funding schemes
suspended
Public sector staffing
reducitons
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10
Economic crisis- resources
Record of Protected
Structures
How comprehensive
Role of local politics
Emerging strategies-
targeted investment
Limerick
Opera centre
Cultural and heritage quarter
Movement of third level functions to this quarter
Waterford
Heritage quarter and tourism
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12
Emerging Strategies-Tax
The Living Cities Initiative
Pilot tax incentive - Limerick & Waterford
To encourage residential owner occupiers into
Georgian dwellings
Unlikely stimulate demand for family living
Unlikely provide net return