Efficient Utilization of

Energy in DMRC Operations

Sharat SharmaDirector Operations

2

TIS HAZARI

C. PLACE

CENTRAL SECTT

PATEL CHOWK

RACE COURSE

JOR BAGHINA

AIIMS

GREEN PARK

HAUZ KHASI. I. T

QUTUB MINARP. T. SCHOOL

UDYOG BHAWAN

TILA

K N

AGAR

PREM

NAG

AR

GAN

ESH

NAG

AR

UTT

AM N

AGAR

DW

ARK

AC

H. 2

1800 JA

NAK

PU

RI

DW

ARK

AD

EPO

T

IGI AIRPORT

PHASE – I & II

& extension to NCR

137 Stations

At GradeElevatedU/ground

THE JOURNEY SO FAR Corridors Total Length

(In KM)U/G

(In KM)Elevated (In

KM)At Grade (In

KM)

Dilshad Garden-Rithala 25.09 0.0 20.59 4.5Jahangirpuri -Huda City center

44.94 23.7 21.24 0.00

Noida City Center- DwarkaSector 21

49.94 3.13 44.64 2.17

Yamuna Bank-Vaishali 8.74 0.0 8.74 0.00Kirti Nagar-Inderlok-Mundka

18.46 0.0 18.46 0.00

Central secretariat-Badarpur

20.16 6.1 14.06 0.00

Total 167.33 32.9 127.73 6.67Airport Express link 22.7 15.13 7.57 0.00

Grand Total 190.03 48.03 135.30 6.673

STATION LAYOUT

4

Line Elevated At Grade Underground Total

Line 1 (DSG-RI) 20 1 - 21

Line 2 (JGPI-HCC) 14 - 20 34

Line 3&4 (DSTO-NCC/VASI) 46 1 4 51

Line 5 (ILOK/KNR-MUDK) 15 1 - 16

Line 6 (STVR- BAPU) 12 - 4 16

Airport Express link 1 - 5 6

Total 144

DMRC

• Thus, DMRC has carried 369 cr. passengers from itsinception till March’ 2014

Year Total Ridership2002-03 3,868,0932003-04 19,642,5832004-05 45,436,8252005-06 98,030,6142006-07 169,322,5362007-08 218,706,6362008-09 263,733,5202009-10 307,427,7452010-11 459,624,1422011-12 607,663,1442012-13 702,948,9912013-14 799,624,449

Current ridership w.r.t DPR estimation

Lines Line Name As per DPR in 2016

Interpolated ridership in 2013

as per DPR

Current Ridership (Sep'13)

% of current ridership to estimated ridership

of 2013 as per DPR

1 DSG-RI 570494 438841 321939 73.36%2 JGPI-HCC 912508 701929 797219 113.58%3 DSTO-NCC 746911 574546 723398 125.91%4 YB-VASI 171427 131867 168881 128.07%5 ILOK-MUDK 124823 96018 75839 78.98%5 KNR-APMN 20617 15859 4335 27.33%6 CTST-BAPU 183837 141413 158664 112.20%Total 2730617 2100473 2250275 107.13%Airport line 37803 29079 10907 37.51%Total 2768420 2129552 2261182 106.18%

DEMAND VARIATION (YEARLY)

14.2214.6315.7816.1116.9617.65

16.6217.89

16.9317.3917.9817.13

17.3517.8919.0019.0819.5119.9819.7119.7318.9419.59

20.8119.6520.4020.07

21.0821.9822.3923.0022.6222.1921.5922.4123.34

21.94

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

Ride

rshi

p (In

Mill

ions

)Average Daily Ridership

2011-122012-132013-14

Present Day Train services

• 2.4 to 6.4 min frequency during peakhours.

• Trains operated from 6 am to 11.30 pm• About 2535 trips runs per day• Rider ship 23 lakh per day• In Peak it touched 26.5 lakh

9

ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF RAIL BASED MRTS

Global Warming: Rail Transport Contributes verylittle to GHG emission

Metro Rail, 2.4

Road, 86.1

Air, 11.1Water, 0.4

% age contribution to CO2 emission

Metro Rail Road Air Water

Energy Efficiency of Metro System

As per TERI Report, the comparative statistics ofenergy per km for different mode of transport are asunder:-• Metro 1• Bus 3• 2 wheelers 5

Hence Metro, by itself, is one of the most energyefficient Modes of Transport.

• AC Bus 6• Petrol Car 21• Diesel Car 27

ENERGY CONSUMPTION• Traction Energy

– Towards train operations,– HVAC inside trains and

• Non Traction Energy– Air conditioning of underground stations; Tunnel

ventilation– Number of trains in tunnel section due to piston

effect– Building lighting– Other assets – signalling, telecom, AFC system,

lifts, escalators– Tunnel lighting

ENERGY MANAGEMENT POLICYEnergy Management Policy

DELHI METRO RAIL CORPORATION Ltd. is committed to provide cleanand comfortable public transport network in the state of Delhi & NCR and tobe the lowest energy consumer on likewise basis, in the industry it operates.To optimize energy consumption by:1. Bench marking Delhi Metro performance against world best Metros onlikewise basis.

2. Nurturing energy efficient technologies at design stage for optimumbenefits.

3. Promoting energy efficient technologies during operation stage for recurringbenefits.

4. Strive to reduce energy consumption in the ‘operation of train’ services by:i. Rationalizing the headway as per commuter requirement.ii. Improving driving techniques while working in ‘Non ATO’ mode.iii. Resorting to coasting during train running, whenever possible.iv. Running in ‘Energy saving mode’ during off peak time.v. Reducing the ‘unscheduled stoppages’.vi. Reducing the ‘dual time’ at station.vii.De-energizing the idle trains.viii.Optimizing the Air-conditioning temperature of coaches as perpassenger requirement.

ENERGY MANAGEMENT POLICY5. Optimize Station / Building energy consumption by:

i. Working Air-conditioning in energy efficient mode.ii. Use of energy efficient luminaries.iii. Cut wasteful lighting relentlessly.iv. Utilizing the skylight / environment light.v. Maintaining the equipment in good fettle.

6. Minimize no load losses by de-energizing the standby power supplyequipment without affecting reliability of supply.

7. Encourage use of renewable energy sources to the extent it iseconomically viable.

8. Identify areas for improvement, through periodical audit of existinginstallation.

9. Create awareness about Energy Conservation amongst the employeesthrough seminars.

10. Control & Monitor Energy consumption by periodic review & improvingenergy performance through an effective Energy Management System.

Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. is committed to energy conservation.

ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES ADOPTED BY DMRC

• Traction Energy Conservation– Design Stage– O&M Stage

• Non Traction Energy Conservation– Design Stage– O&M Stage

Energy Conservation -Traction• In traction, the following measures have been

taken from the design stage itself:• Construction of most of the stations on a hump.• Use of regenerative braking resulting in energy

saving of about 30-40% of Traction Energy.• Design of coaches:-

• Reduction in Tare weight of coach by use ofstainless steel and,

• Increased passenger capacity per coach• Variable Voltage Variable Frequency drives

• Selection of 25 kV ac traction, which resulted inreduction in equipment sizing, lower losses in theequipment and in turn more efficient system

Energy Conservation -Traction• Following measures have been taken in operation:

– Coasting mode of train operation in ATO as well as ATP– Paradigm shift from time oriented to demand oriented

Time Tabling– Outside stabling of trains to reduce idle train running– Dwell time (stopping time at station) rationalization in

line with introduction of 8 car trains– Temperature inside trains set in accordance with ambient

temperature– Monitor & control unscheduled stoppages– Monitoring of driving technique– Closing of car doors during testing to avoid air-

conditioning leakages

17

Energy Conservation – Non Traction

• Closed System• Design selected for the ‘Tunnel Ventilation

Systems’ of DMRC.• Ventilation shaft dampers are closed and tunnel air

is re-circulated to the station air conditioningsystem.

• Return air by UPE & OTE system• Tunnel ventilation using end shafts

Close Mode Operation

Fresh or Cool Air

Hot Air

Damper Open

Damper Closed

10 % Fresh Air

Energy Conservation –Non Traction

• Design Criteria: Buildings standards notapplicable since the heat generated by trains isto be driven out

• Patrons stay in station area for a short while• In summer the Amb. temp in Delhi touches 470 C• Ambient Conditions: (1% Criteria)

– Summer : 430 C (DB), 280C(WB)– Monsoon : 350C (DB), 290C(WB)

• Inside Conditions: 290 C, 65% RH

Energy Conservation –Non Traction• Coaches have been stipulated 27ºC with 65% RH• Passengers face a graded environment from

outside to the station and then to the coaches.• Passengers would feel just comfortable• By selecting these design conditions the cooling

capacity has been optimized• Screw/Centrifugal compressor Chillers with water

cooling energy efficient condensers selected• Water cooled condensers are more energy efficient

than the air cooled condensers.• This has resulted in 25 % savings in energy

Energy Conservation –Non Traction

• Non-Traction • No incandescent lamps have been used in

DMRC. Only T5 or T8 tube-lights or CFL’s arebeing used with electronic ballasts.

• Use of energy efficient luminaries and Cutwaste lighting relentlessly.

• Utilizing the skylight/ environment light andreduce the lighting.

• Maintaining the equipment in good fettle, as perdesign/modified criterion.

• Encourage use of renewable energy sourcesto the extent it is economically viable.

Energy Conservation –Non Traction

• Minimize no load losses by de-energizing thestandby power supply equipment withoutaffecting reliability of supply.

• Optimizing the air-conditioning temperature ofcoaches as per passenger requirement.

• De-energize the idle trains.• Optimize station / Building energy consumption.

Energy Conservation –Non Traction

• Operation of Escalators and Lifts through VVVFdrives viz. Water cooled chillers, variablefrequency driver chiller pumps, air cooledchillers for night, etc.

• Escalators have also been provided with theidling speed of 0.2 m/sec against the normaloperating speed of 0.5 m/sec or 0.65 m/sec.

Energy Conservation –Non TractionAdditional following measures implemented:• Providing limit switch with door opening to

control lights of technical rooms.• Aircon energy saver for split air conditioner

of KG metro Station.• Energy saving through optimizing timing for

running of AHUs as per passenger flow instation.

• Replacement of HVSP lamp with LEDlamps.

• Provision of providing AC zone controller insplit AC of Tilak Nagar Metro Station.

Energy Conservation –Non Traction

• Use of timer to control lighting duration atconcourse, platform & roads etc.

• Sequential working of split AC.• Individual switch for each light in the service

room.• Replacement of split AC by air-cooled chillers

and FCUs at underground stations.• Replacement of existing chilled water pump

motor with VFD (Variable frequency drive) motorin phase -I.

• Provision of Metal Halide lamps in place of tubelights in staircase areas.

Energy Conservation –Non Traction

• Automation of Pumps.• Keeping the stand-by Transformers

as cold stand-by instead of hotstand-by. Avoiding no load losses.

• Resetting of the air conditionedroom temperature at 28° C insteadof 25° C excluding equipmentrooms.

Use of thermal storage of chilled water storage and useat off-peak hours – by which chillers are operated in off-Load timings (00.00 hrs to 06.00hrs) and usage of thatwater during routine station operating hours.

Use of seepage and sewage water after treatment forstation purpose, which is available at station level.

Installation of occupancy sensor in manned air-conditioned room, which auto switch off A/C in Zerooccupancy condition.

Provisioning of energy efficient LED lights and solarlights, under implementation in phase – III stations.

Replacement of existing split Air Condition by Air-CooledChillers in Phase-I installations.

Replacement of Existing Chilled Water Pump motor withVFD.

Works in progress

Energy ConsumptionFY TOTAL Traction % Auxiliary %

2005-06 114 53 46 62 542006-07 196 88 45 108 552007-08 200 97 49 103 51

2008-09 220 104 47 117 532009-10 255 138 54 117 462010-11 423 244 58 179 422011-12 578 325 56 252 442012-13 597 371 62 226 382013-14 633 409 65 225 35

Pattern of Energy Consumption

114

196 200 220255

423

578

597 633

5388 97 104

138

244

325371

409

62108 103 117

117

179

252226

225

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14

TOTAL(A)TRACTION(B)AUXULLIARY©

ENERGY EFFICIENCYYear (FY) Energy

(Million Units)Traffic (Million Passenger KM)

2009-10 254 42002010-11 422 78692011-12 577 88302012-13 596 10502

2013-14 633 11841% increase w.r.t 2009-10 149% 182%

TRACTION

While traffic increased by 182%, energy consumptionhas increased by 149 %.

Energy strategies of CoMET & Nova Metros

CONFIDENTIAL

Nova Metros

BA Bc Bs Bk Dh Lb Mt Nc RJ Sg Sy To

Energy Strategy ~

~ Have some energy saving activities but not an overall explicit energy strategy

CoMET Metros

Bg Gz HK Ln MC Md Mw NY Pm/r SC Sh SP Tp

Energy Strategy ~

Larger metros are more likely to have available resources to enable the formulation of an explicit energy strategy

A clear strategy is a necessary starting point to improving performance31

CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM (CDM)

• CDM Project on Regenerative Braking- FirstRailway/Metro Project in the world

• CDM Project on Modal Shift- First Railway/Metro

Project

• PoA CDM – First such Project

• Gold Standard CDM- First such Project

CERTIFICATIONS• DMRC has been awarded the ISO 14001

certification for environment-friendlyconstruction and operations.

• Training school received ISO 9001:2008certification, a validation from the InternationalOrganization for Standardization (ISO), formaintaining a Quality Management System.

• ______________

33

CERTIFICATIONS

ISO Certification

• Delhi Metro is aspiring for ISO 14001:2004 &OHSAS 18001:2007 for its ongoing Phase-IIIconstruction

34

AWARDS & ACHIEVEMENTS

• Environmental Leadership Award 2004by US Government

• Golden Peacock EnvironmentManagement Award 2005, WorldEnvironment Congress

35

ENVIRONMENTAL AWARDS & ACHIEVEMENTS

Environmental Leadership Award

38

GHG EMISSION FROM TRANSPORT SECTOR IN DELHI

Year 1998 % age Contribution: 64%

Year 2012 % age Contribution : 46%

39

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

2013-14

Energy in MU 200 220 254 423 578 597 633Expenditure in Million Rs. 515 707 832 1390 2139 3199 3998

200 220 254423 578 597 633515

707 832

1390

2139

3199

3998

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

MEG

A U

NIT

/ M

ILLI

ON

RS.

COMPARISION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION & EXPENDITURE

KEY MESSAGES

CONFIDENTIAL 40

Substantial savings arise from the accumulation of many smaller initiatives

Conclusion

Thank You for

Giving me an opportunity for sharing my views