employee welfare measures

M.B.A PROGRAMME EMPLOYEE WELFARE MEASURES

M.B.A PROGRAMME EMPLOYEE WELFARE MEASURES

INTRODUCTION Employee welfare defines as efforts to make life worth living for workmen. These efforts have their origin either in some statute formed by the state or in some local custom or in collective agreement or in the employers own initiative.

To give expression to philanthropic and paternalistic feelings.

To win over employees loyalty and increase their morale.

To combat trade unionism and socialist ideas.

To build up stable labour force, to reduce labour turnover and absenteeism.

To develop efficiency and productivity among workers.

To save oneself from heavy taxes on surplus profits.

To earn goodwill and enhance public image.

To reduce the threat of further government intervention.

To make recruitment more effective (because these benefits add to job appeal).

IMPORTANCE:

Industrial progress of a country depends on its committed work force and the social and economic aspects of the life of a worker have a direct influence on the social and economic development of a nation.

The scheme of employee welfare may be regarded as a wise investment which should and usually does bring a profitable return in the form of greater efficiency.

In order to get the best out of a worker in the matter of production working condition required to be improved to a large extend. The workers should at least have the means and facilities to keep him self in a state of health and efficiency.

Principles of Employee Welfare Service Following are generally given as the principles to be followed in setting up a employee welfare service:

The service should satisfy real needs of the workers. This means that the manager must first determine what the employees real needs are with the active participation of workers.

The service should such as can be handled by cafeteria approach. Due to the difference in Sex, age, marital status, number of children, type of job and the income level of employees there are large differences in their choice of a particular benefit. This is known as the cafeteria approach. Such an approach individualises the benefit system though it may be difficult to operate and administer.

The employer should not assume a benevolent posture.

The cost of the service should be calculate and its financing established on a sound basis.

There should be periodical assessment or evaluation of the service and necessary timely --on the basis of feedback.

FEATURES:

The basic purpose into improve the lot of the working class.

Employee welfare is a dynamic concept.

Employee welfare measures are also known as fringe benefits and services.

Welfare measures may be both voluntary and statutory

EMPLOYEE WELFARE SCHEMES:

Organization provide welfare facilities to their employees to keep their motivation levels high. The employee welfare schemes can be classified into two categories viz. Statutory and Non-Statutory schemes.

Statutory welfare schemes:

These include provisions provided in the industrial acts like Factories Act 1948, Dock workers Act 1986, Mines Act 1962.

The statutory welfare schemes include the fallowing provisions.

1. Drinking water.

2. Facilities for sitting.

3. First aid appliances.

4. Latrines and urinals.

5. Canteen facilities.

6. Spittoons (ware houses).

7. Lighting.

8. Washing places.

9. Changing rooms.

10. Rest rooms.

Non-Statutory schemes:

The Non-Statutory schemes differ from the organization. Many Non-statutory welfare schemes may include the fallowing schemes.

1. Personal health care (regular medical checkups)

2. Flexi time.

3. Employee assistance programs (external counseling service)

4. Harassment policy.

5. Maternity and adoption leave.

6. Medi-claim insurance scheme.

7. Employee referral scheme.

THEORIES OF EMPLOYEE WELFARE:

The form of Employee welfare activities is flexible, elastic and differs from time to time, region to region, industry to industry and country to country depending upon the value system, level of education, social customs, degree of industrialization and general standard of the socio-economic development of the nation.

There are seven theories.

THE POLICE THEORY: This is based on the contention that a minimum standard of welfare is necessary for labourers. Here the assumption is that without policing compulsion employers do not provide even the minimum facilities for workers. Apparently this theory assumes that man is selfish and self centered and always tired to achieve his own ends, even at any cost of the welfare of others.

RELIIGIOUS THEORY:

This theory is based on the concept that man is essentially a religious animal even today many acts of man are related to religion sentiments and beliefs.

PHILANTHROPIC THEORY:

This theory is based on mans love for mankind. Philanthropic means loving mankind. Man is believed to have an instinctive urge by which he strives to remove the suffering of others and promote their well being. In fact the labour welfare movement began in early years of the industrial revolution with the support of philanthropists.

TRUSTEESHIP THEORY:

This is also called the paternalistic theory of labour welfare. According to this the employer should hold the industrial assets for himself for the benefit of his workers and also for society.

PLACATING THEORY:

This theory is based on the fact that the labour groups are becoming demanding and militant and are more conscious of their rights and privileges then ever before.

PUBLIC RELATION THEORY;

This theory provides the basis for an atmosphere of goodwill between labour and management and also between management and the public, labour welfare programs under this theory, work as a sort of an advertisement and help an organization to project its good image and build up and promote good and healthy public relations.

FUNCTIONAL THEORY:

This is also called the efficiency theory. Here, welfare work is used as a means to secure preserve and develop the efficiency and productivity of labour.

AGENCIES OF EMPLOYEE WELFARE:

1. Central government:

The central government has made elaborate provisions for the health, safety and welfare under Factories act 1948 and Mines act 1952. These acts provide for canteens, crches, restrooms, shelters etc..

2. State government :

Government in different states and union territories provide welfare facilities to workers.

3. Employers :

Employers in India in general looked upon welfare work as fruitless and baren though some of them indeed had done pioneering.

4. Trade unions :

In India, trade unions have done little for the welfare of workers. But few sound and strong unions have been the pioneering in this respect.

5. Other agencies :

Some philanthropic, charitable social service organizations like, seva sadan society etc..

LINK OF THE TOPIC TO THE COMPANY

The researches had selected the topic employee welfare measures in Jocil limited. Basic reason behind to select this topic is, Jocil limited is a management organization in that physical effort is more compared to the mental effort. In this company the researcher is going to analyse welfare conditions and amenities for employees and how these facilities are satisfying the employeesOBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

To present the theoretical frame work of employee welfare measures in JOCIL.LTD.

To observe the welfare activities in the company.

To know the satisfaction level towards the welfare services offered by the company.

To examine the employee welfare measures of the company.

To know the impact of welfare facilities on the performance of the employees.

To offer findings and suggestions based on the study.

METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY:

Research methodology is way to systematically solve the research problem. It may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically in it we study the various steps that are generally adopted by a researcher in studying this research problem.Data can be broadly classified as

Primary data.

Secondary data.

Primary data:

This is original in character and are collected afresh.

Researcher directly interact with existing employees.

Researcher provide Questionnaire to employees.

Researcher got feed back through the questionnaires and researcher understand the satisfaction levels of employee towards the organization.

Secondary data:

Refers to the use of information already collected and published or unpublished the source are books, internet etc..,

SAMPLING METHODOLOGY:

SAMPLE UNIT:

The researcher had selected the workers as sample unit, why because the study entirely deals with welfare measures.

SAMPLE TYPE: The researcher had chosen the systematic random sampling

SAMPLE SIZE:

The universe of the study is 800 in that researcher had selected 10% as sample size that is 80.

Scope of the study:

HRD plays an important role Indian modern society. Keeping this view in mind I made a study of welfare scheme in ACL, during my study all aspects i.e.., relating to welfare provisions were observed. The organization provides a long list of welfare measures to its employees. The present study of welfare provisions includes intra mural activities i.e.., welfare provisions inside the organization and extra mural activities i.e.., welfare provisions outside the organization at present provide the fallowing welfare facilities.

As the organization resists to conduct a survey among the employees regarding their welfare provision. The present study includes only formal and informal meeting with the employees.

Need of the study:

Company progress on its committed workforce and the social & economic aspects of an employee has an employee has a direct influence on development of a company. The employee is a soldier safeguarding the social & economic factors of the organization and his/her actions and interactions with in the company work will have a great impact and influence on organizational development.

Keeping in view the above importance of employee welfare an attempt is made to study the welfare provisions provided for the employees at JOCIL LIMITED.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:

As the mangers of the organization are busy with their work schedule it was difficult to collect detailed data.

Time was the major constraint as the mentioned period was not enough to collect the data in detailed.

Survey was done with the sample size of 800 as the employees of the company work in shifts and as they are busy with their schedule.

Some were unable to understand the language in the questionnaire so the felt it difficult to answer.

Significance of the study:

The present study on employee welfare measure is useful to the company in future to accelerate the welfare measures.

The present study is useful to the JOCIL LIMITED.

The present study is useful to the academicians.

The present study is useful to the competitors.

The present study is useful to the economists.

The present study is also useful to the policy makers.

Presentation of the study:

Chapter one deals with Rationale of the study.

Introduction.

Link of the topic to the company.

Chapter two deals with objectives and methodology of the study

Chapter three deals with industry and company profile.

Chapter four deals with analysis of employee welfare measures in JOCIL LIMITED.

Chapter five deals with Findings and suggestions and conclusion.

INDUSTRY ANALYSIS

INTRODUCTION

Soap, a cleansing agent. It cleanses by lowering the surface tension of water, by emulsifying grease, and by absorbing dirt into the foam. Ancient peoples are believed to have employed wood ashes and water for washing and to have relieved the resulting irritation with grease or oil. In the 1st cent. A.D., Pliny described a soap of tallow and wood ashes used by Germanic tribes to brighten their hair. A soap factory and bars of scented soap were excavated at Pompeii. Soap fell into disuse after the fall of Rome but was revived in Italy probably in the 8th cent. and reached France c.1200; Marseilles became noted as a soap making center. Although soap was known in England in the 14th cent., the first English patent to a soap maker was issued in the 17th cent. The industry was handicapped in England from 1712 to 1853 by a heavy tax on soap. In the American colonies soap factories appeared at an early date, and many housewives made soap from waste fats and lye (obtained by leaching wood ashes)Origin of soap

Soap is a cleansing agent or detergent that is made from animal and vegetable fats, oils, and greases; chemically, the sodium or potassium salt of a fatty acid, formed by the interaction of fats and oils with alkali. Records mentioning the use of numerous soapy materials and cleansing agents date from ancient times. The purifying agents mentioned in the Old Testament were not true soaps but were a product of tree bark ashes alone. The 1st-century Roman historian Pliny the Elder described various forms of hard and soft dye-containing soaps known as rutilandis capelins, which had previously been used by women to cleanse and impart brilliant colors to the hair. Soap making was common in Italy and Spain during the 8th century. By the 13th century, when the soap industry was introduced from Italy into France, most soap was produced from the tallow of goats, with beech ash furnishing the alkali. The French, after experimentation, devised a method of making soap from olive oil instead of from animal fats and, about 1500, introduced their discoveries into England. The industry in England grew rapidly and in 1622 was granted special privileges by King James I. In 1783 the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele accidentally simulated the reaction that occurs in the present-day boiling process of soap making, described below, when he boiled olive oil with lead oxide, producing a sweet-tasting substance that he called lsss, which is now known as glycerin. This discovery by Scheele led the French chemist Michel Eugene Chervil to investigate the chemical nature of the fats and oils used in soap; Chervil eventually discovered, in 1823, that simple fats do not combine with alkali to form soap but are first decomposed to form fatty acids and glycerols. Meanwhile, the manufacture of soap was revolutionized in 1791 by the French chemist Nicolas Leblanc, who invented a process for obtaining sodium carbonate, or soda, from ordinary salt. In the early American colonies, soap was made from rendered animal fats and was processed mainly in the household, but by 1700 many areas derived their main income from the export of ashes and fats used in soap making.

World Production of Basic Oleo chemicals

Starting from the eighties, there is a significant shift in the production of basic Oleo chemicals from the developed countries to the ASEAN region (Table 18). This is mainly due to rapid development of the palm oil, and to some extent, the coconut oil industry, in the ASEAN countries.

Fatty Acids

In the early 1980s, USA, Europe and Japan were the major producers of fatty acids, accounting for more than 90% of the worlds total production at those times. From 1985 onwards, there was a marked shift from these developed countries to the ASEAN region. In 1995, Asia accounted for 30% of the worlds total production of fatty acids and by 2010, it is forecast that Asia is to account for more than 50% of the worlds total production of fatty acids.

Fatty Alcohols

Fatty alcohols are the most important basic oleo chemical used for the production of surfactants. In 1995, about 70% of the fatty alcohols produced are used for the manufacture of non-ionic and anionic surfactants such as fatty ethoxylates and fatty ether sulphates.

World production of fatty alcohols in 1995 is about 1.2 million tones, of which about 50% are from oils and fats (natural fatty alcohols) while the remaining 50% are from petrochemical sources (synthetic fatty alcohols). Future production will depend on the pricing of palm oil/palm kernel oil versus ethylene. However, due to increase in the production of palm and palm kernel oils, and the concern for the environment, natural fatty alcohols would be favoured in the future.

Fatty AminesFatty amines are mostly produced for the production of quaternary ammonium compounds (QUATS) such as distearyldimethylammonium compounds. QUATS are used in fabric softeners and hair conditioners. Their production is expected to increase substantially due to higher consumer demands in the future.

Basic Oleo chemicals 19952000e2010f% increase 1995 / 2010

Fatty AcidsEurope900950105015

America65070085030

Asia9001200175095

Others20020035075

World26503050400050

Fatty Methyl EstersEurope25025027510

America10011013030

Asia22527536560

Others20253050

World59566080035

Fatty Alcohols naturalEurope15017520030

America125175250100

Asia300405800170

Others252550100

World6007801300120

Fatty AminesEurope15017520030

America20020022010

Asia10012018080

Others757510030

World51557070035

Glycerol naturalEurope20021023015

America15017021040

Asia200270450125

Other50506020

World60070095060

Basic Olecochemiclas

Europe16501760195520

America12251355166035

Asia172522703545105

Others37037559060

World49705760775055

HISTORY OF SOAP

The origins of personal cleanliness date back to prehistoric times. Since water is essential for life, the earliest people lived near water and knew something about its cleansing properties - at least that it rinsed mud off their hands.

A soap-like material found in clay cylinders during the excavation of ancient Babylon is evidence that soapmaking was known as early as 2800 B.C. Inscriptions on the cylinders say that fats were boiled with ashes, which is a method of making soap, but do not refer to the purpose of the "soap." Such materials were later used as hair styling aids.

Records show that ancient Egyptians bathed regularly. The Ebers Papyrus, a medical document from about 1500 B.C., describes combining animal and vegetable oils with alkaline salts to form a soap-like material used for treating skin diseases, as well as for washing At about the same time, Moses gave the Israelites detailed laws governing personal cleanliness. He also related cleanliness to health and religious purification. Biblical accounts suggest that the Israelites knew that mixing ashes and oil produced a kind of hair gel.

The early Greeks bathed for aesthetic reasons and apparently did not use soap. Instead, they cleaned their bodies with blocks of clay, sand, pumice and ashes, then anointed themselves with oil, and scraped off the oil and dirt with a metal instrument known as a strigil. They also used oil with ashes. Clothes were washed without soap in streams.

Soap got its name, according to an ancient Roman legend, from Mount Sapo, where animals were sacrificed. Rain washed a mixture of melted animal fat, or tallow, and wood ashes down into the clay soil along the Tiber River. Women found that this clay mixture made their wash cleaner with much less effort. The ancient Germans and Gauls are also credited with discovering a substance called soap, made of tallow and ashes, that they used to tint their hair red.

As Roman civilization advanced, so did bathing. The first of the famous Roman baths, supplied with water from their aqueducts, was built about 312 B.C. The baths were luxurious, and bathing became very popular. By the second century A.D., the Greek physician, Galen, recommended soap for both medicinal and cleansing purposes.

After the fall of Rome in 467 A.D. and the resulting decline in bathing habits, much of Europe felt the impact of filth upon public health. This lack of personal cleanliness and related unsanitary living conditions contributed heavily to the great plagues of the Middle Ages, and especially to the Black Death of the 14th century. It wasn't until the 17th century that cleanliness and bathing started to come back into fashion in much of Europe. Still there were areas of the medieval world where personal cleanliness remained important. Daily bathing was a common custom in Japan during the Middle Ages. And in Iceland, pools warmed with water from hot springs were popular gathering places on Saturday evenings.

Soap making was an established craft in Europe by the seventh century. Soap maker guilds guarded their trade secrets closely. Vegetable and animal oils were used with ashes of plants, along with fragrance. Gradually more varieties of soap became available for shaving and shampooing, as well as bathing and laundering.

Italy, Spain and France were early centers of soap manufacturing, due to their ready supply of raw materials such as oil from olive trees. The English began making soap during the 12th century. The soap business was so good that in 1622, King James I granted a monopoly to a soapmaker for $100,000 a year. Well into the 19th century, soap was heavily taxed as a luxury item in several countries. When the high tax was removed, soap became available to ordinary people, and cleanliness

Commercial soap making in the American colonies began in 1608 with the arrival of several soapmakers on the second ship from England to reach Jamestown, VA. However, for many years, soapmaking stayed essentially a household chore. Eventually, professional soapmakers began regularly collecting waste fats from households, in exchange for some soap.

A major step toward large-scale commercial soapmaking occurred in 1791 when a French chemist, Nicholas Leblanc, patented a process for making soda ash, or sodium carbonate, from common salt. Soda ash is the alkali obtained from ashes that combines with fat to form soap. The Leblanc process yielded quantities of good quality, inexpensive soda ash.

The science of modern soapmaking was bom some 20 years later with the discovery by Michel Eugene Chevreul, another French chemist, of the chemical nature and relationship of fats, glycerine and fatty acids. His studies established the basis for both fat and soap chemistry. Also important to the advancement of soap technology was the mid-1800s invention by the Belgian chemist, Ernest Solvay, of the ammonia process, which also used common table salt, or sodium chloride, to make soda ash. Solvay's process further reduced the cost of obtaining this alkali, and increased both the quality and quantity of the soda ash available for manufacturing soap.

These scientific discoveries, together with the development of power to operate factories, made soapmaking one of America's fastest-growing industries by 1850. At the same time, its broad availability changed soap from a luxury item to an everyday necessity. With this widespread use came the development of milder soaps for bathing and soaps for use in the washing machines that were available to consumers by the turn of the century.The chemistry of soap manufacturing stayed essentially the same until 1916, when the first synthetic detergent was developed in Germany in response to a World War I-related shortage of fats for making soap. Known today simply as detergents, synthetic detergents are non-soap washing and cleaning products that are "synthesized" or put together chemically from a variety of raw materials. The discovery of detergents was also driven by the need for a cleaning agent that, unlike soap, would not combine with the mineral salts in water to form an insoluble substance known as soap curd.

Household detergent production in the United States began in the early 1930s, but did not really take off until after World War II. The war-time interruption of fat and oil supplies as well as the military's need for a cleaning agent that would work in mineral-rich sea water and in cold water had further stimulated research on detergents. The first detergents were used chiefly for hand dishwashing and fine fabric laundering. The breakthrough in the development of detergents for all-purpose laundry uses came in 1946, when the first "built" detergent (containing a surfactant/builder combination) was introduced in the U.S. The surfactant is a detergent product's basic cleaning ingredient, while the builder helps the surfactant to work more efficiently. Phosphate compounds used as builders in these detergents vastly improved performance, making them suitable for cleaning heavily soiled laundry.

By 1953, sales of detergents in this country had surpassed those of soap. Now detergents have all but replaced soap-based products for laundering, dishwashing and household cleaning. Detergents (alone or in combination with soap) are also found in many of the bars and liquids used for personal cleansing.

Since those early achievements in detergent and builder chemistry, new product activity has continued to focus on developing cleaning products that are efficient and easy to use, as well as safe for consumers and for the environment. Here's a summary of some of those innovations:

1950s Automatic dishwasher powders Liquid laundry, hand dishwashing and all-purpose cleaninproducts Fabric softeners (rinse-cycle added) Detergent with oxygen bleach

1960s Prewash soil and stain removers Laundry powders with enzymes Enzyme presoaks

1970s Liquid hand soaps Fabric softeners (sheets and wash-cycle added) Multifunctional products (e.g., detergent with fabric softener)

1980s Detergents for cooler water washing Automatic dishwasher liquids Concentrated laundry powders

1990s Ultra (superconcentrated) powder and liquid detergents Ultra fabric softeners Automatic dishwasher gels Laundry and cleaning product refills

ABOUT PERSONAL WASH

(SOAPS)

The personal wash can be segregated into:

* Premium- Lux, Dove

* Economy- Nirma Bath, Lifebuoy

* Popular- Nirma, Cinthol

The price of the premium segment products is twice that of economy segment products. The economy and popular segments are 4/5ths of the entire soaps market. The penetration level of toilet soaps is 88.6%. However, the per capita consumption of soap in India is at 460 gms per annum, while in Brazil it is at 1,100 gms per annum.

In India, soaps are available in five million retail stores, out of which, 3.75 million retail stores are in the rural areas. Therefore, availability of these products is not an issue. 70% of India's population resides in the rural areas; hence around 50% of the soaps are sold in the rural markets.

Growth

With increase in disposable incomes, growth in rural demand is expected to increase because consumers are moving up towards premium products. However, in the recent past there has not been much change in the volume of premium soaps in proportion to economy soaps, because increase in prices has led some consumers to look for cheaper substitutes.

The major players in personal wash (Soap) market are

Hindustan uni Lever Ltd., (HUL)

Hindustan Lever Ltd. has become a major player in the Indian personal wash market. In India HLL has gained 60% of share in the total toilet soap market. HLL gives its products in several brand names. The brand names of HLL are Liril, Pears, Dove, Lux, Denim, Fair & Lovely, Rexona, Lifebuoy, Hamam, Breeze, Ayush. Different brands are popular in different regions.

HLL have brought a few benefits to the consumer as a marketer of toilet soap have tried to woo. Consumers through upgraded offerings and better quality soaps. As a result of sharp fall in farm disposable incomes, the consumers persuaded low-income households to downtrade, that is, switch from high-to-low priced brands. HLL, too appears to endorse the phenomenon of downtrading.

The major competitors of HLL are Nirma, Godrej consumer care and WIPRO, Godrej consumer care has introduced, a fairness soap, fairglow which claims to enhance a fairness, has been a success too, as against this, spawning a competitive response from HLL in the form of Fair & Lovely soap. HLL offering to combine two benefits in a single tablet, Breeze 2-in-1 actually offers a cost-effective replacement to consumers who we hair wash products and soap. HLL claims Breeze is the largest brand in the discount segment. HLL has increased Lifebuoys market share by introducing, Lifebuoy Active, Lifebuoy Gold, Lifebuoy Plus. HLL has gained major share in discount segment. Now-a-days HLL has become a dominant player in the Indian personal wash market.

WIPRO :

WIPRO has become a major player in the Indian personal wash market. In India Wipro has gained 50% of share in toilet soap market. Wipro gives its products in brand names of Santoor, Wipro Baby Soap, Chadrika.

It covers 1.6 million outlets across the country for its distribution. 50 percent of Wipro consumer care business comes from the toilet soap category. The biggest brand of Wipro is Santoor was launched in the late 80s. Wipro through Santoor is the leading Soap marketer in Andhra - Pradesh with 18 percent market share. Wipro baby soft diapers gained almost 65 percent of the business from Northern Markets.

Wipro have come out with new mixes and are confident of delivering value. The company introduced Chandrika as a Ayurvedic and herbal product as against Medimix. The companies further interests in naturals/ ayurvedic segment of the toiletries market.

The company faces several competitions from HLL, Godrej, Nirma, Henko. In spite of competition Wipro has generated consumer satisfaction.

Nirma :

Nirma has quickly become a significant player in the domestic toilet soap market. The companys aggressive pricing strategy has been the key behind its performance. Launches such as Nirma have paid off because consumers have seen the brand as offering good value for money. The company has managed healthy top line growth in the market.

Nirma has gained major market share just a couple of years after its entry. It tries to made brands such as Nirma available at least 10 percent lower than its nearest competitors. The company offers its brands Nirma Lime, Nirma premier, Nirma. The company faces competition from HLL, Wipro, Godrej. The Nirma was succeeded within a short period due to its aggressive pricing strategy.

Godrej Consumer Care:

With at least three entirely new launches under its belt, Godrej consumer care has improved its market share in the personal wash market. The companys recent restructuring exercise, offer which the consumer products business was diverted from the Godrej industries and vested with Godrej consumer care, has also helped pep up profitability performance.

Fair Glow, the fairness soap from Godrej Consumer Care, which claims to enhance fairness, has been a success too. As a relatively small player in the business, the company has managed robust sales.

Segmentation of the total toilet soaps:

Price Range

Soap Segment Rs. 6 8 (for 75 gms)

Sub-Popular

Rs. 8 12 (for 75 gms)

Popular

Rs. 12 + (for 75 gms)

Premium

Segment

Market Share

Growth Rate

(%)

(%)

Premium

24

3

Popular

45

1

Sub-Popular

31

15

Present scenario in india

Consumers preference for FMCGs is shifting towards higher lifestyle categories like skin care, shampoos, deodorants, anti-aging solutions, fairness products and mens products.

The range of products covered by the FICCI survey amounted to about 28 items. It included soap and toiletries, laundry soaps, detergent cakes, washing powder, dish wash, toilet soap, tooth paste, tooth powder, tooth brush, fairness cream, shaving cream, deodorant, coconut oil, shampoos, hair dyes, feminine hygiene, cleaners and repellents, etc.

The products, which are projected to achieve excellent growth of 20 per cent and above during the first quarter of the financial year 2008-09, i.e., April-June 2008, are - shaving cream (22 per cent), skin/ fairness cream (21 per cent), tooth powder (21 per cent), anti-dandruff shampoos (22 per cent), hair dyes (30 per cent), cleaners/repellents (24. 5 per cent), deodorant (40 per cent), dish wash (20 per cent) .

The products that are expected to growth between 10-20 per cent are - soap and toiletries (14 per cent), toilet soap (10 per cent), fabric wash (12 per cent), washing powder (13 per cent) detergent cakes (11 per cent), liquid detergent (13 per cent), laundry soaps/ bars (11 per cent), personal wash (14 per cent), tooth brush (12 per cent), hair care (16 per cent) coconut oil (12 per cent), tooth paste (16 per cent), personal health care (16 per cent), oral care (17 per cent), skin care and cosmetics (19 per cent), branded coconut oil (18 per cent), feminine hygiene (13 per cent).

The survey projects higher growth across sectors in the FMCG segment in view of the growing economic fundamentals, increased literacy , rapid urbanisation, rising aspiration levels, growing consumer demand and increased affordability of the consumers. These changes are due to various incentives proposed in the Union Budget 2008-09, including the major farm loan waiver scheme worth Rs 60,000 crores.Problems of soap industry in India

Following the hike in petro-product prices, 15 out of 35 soap-manufacturing units in Kanpur are on the verge of closure. This comes after the drastic increase in the raw material cost over last one year. According to the president of the UP Small Scale Soap Industries, Micky Manchanda, the worst affected are the small manufacturing units. The rates of petroleum-based chemicals have gone up by leaps and bounds, but if we raise our price, it will be curtains for us, he said.

The manufacturers pointed out that the price of acid slurry has increased from Rs 81 per kg to Rs 110 per kg in the last 10 days. The rate of soda has also gone up from Rs 12 per kg to Rs 25 per kg in the last one-year. Sulphuric acid rates have risen from Rs 4,000 per tone in 2007 to Rs 20,000 per tone in 2008.

The impact is likely to trickle down to the common man, as the leading soap industrialists are contemplating an increase in prices, said Manchanda.At present, local soap products, including a few that are nationally acclaimed, hold a 25 to 30 per cent share in the market. Since the industry's raw materials are petroleum products, the big increase in the price of oil in recent months has hit them hard.

Future Prospect

Raw Material Supply

The worlds oleo chemical industry is set for rapid growth, at least in the next two decades. Products derived from oleo chemicals exhibit many distinct advantages over those from petrochemicals. The current world scenario is the abundance of raw materials in the form of palm and palm kernel oils, and to a lesser extent, coconut oil. Palm and palm kernel oils are expected to grow at about 3.65% per annum up to the year 2020 (Table 12). While the major portions of these two oils will be used in food applications, a significant amount, up to about 25% will be used in the production of oleo chemicals and their derivatives.

Economic Factor

The cost factor is also working in favor of oleo chemicals made from natural oils? Current petrol prices being at all time high, at more than USD 30 per barrel of crude oil in June 2000, it will be more expensive to make the same products for petroleum. This makes it very attractive to use oleo chemicals in many applications from the economic point of view. Furthermore, petroleum, being a depleting resource, cannot just compete with the renewable oleo chemicals in term of dependability of supply of raw materials.

Environmental Consideration

Another major factor in favour of oleo chemicals is the issue of the environment. Being derived from natural sources, products derived from oleochemicals are more readily biodegraded and this works very much in favour of oleochemicals. This factor is especially significant in the developed world, where consumer preference for environmentally friendly products, very often, determines the types of products that will appear on the shelves of supermarkets. This is clearly reflected in the changing pattern in the types of surfactants used in washing and cleaning agents in Western Europe during the period 1991 98 as shown in the following Table 19.

The ASEAN Market

The ASEAN countries, are poised to play a greater role in the worlds oleochemical industry. ASEAN is already a major player in the production and export of oleochemicals, accounting for 36% in the world production of oleochemicals in 2000 (Table 20). By the year 2010, ASEAN is expected to supply up to 50% of the worlds oleochemicals, with the bulk, about 30%, coming from Malaysia.

The Developed WorldWhile market expansion in the developed world such as North America and Europe is set to increase at a marginal rate, the possibilities of new products and formulations are very large. There is great concern on the environment in the developed countries and hence oleochemical products are in a more favourable position to cater for consumer needs in these developed countries.

COMPANY ANALYSIS

INTRODUCTION ABOUT COMPANY Jocil limited was incorporated on 20 feb 1978 with the name Andra Pradesh oil and chemical industries limited as per the certificate of incorporation No 2260 granted by the registrar of companies , A.P Hyderabad .This was a joint venture with Andra Pradesh industrial development corporation (APIDC)and jaya lakshmi cotton and oil products private ltd (JCOP) perecharla guntur dist,: a company belongs to jaya lakshmi grouop . on 6 may 1982 the name of andra pradesh oil and chemical industries limited was changed into jaya lakshmi oil and chemical industries limited . the company s name has been changed from jaya lakshmi oil and chemical industries limited to jocil limited with effect from 17 september , 1992 , jocil limited is a subsidiary of the andra sugars limited.

INCEPTION

Jocil limited was incorporated on 20 feb 1978 with the name

Andra Pradesh oil and chemical industries limited as per the certificate of incorporation No 2260 granted by the registrar of companies , A.P Hyderabad .

Vision The main vision of the company is to manufacture fatty acids and Toilet soaps. The company received letter of intent from department of industrial development, Ministry of industries, Govt. of India, Delhi. Enhancing the annual licensed capacity of fatty acids, Glycerin and toilet soap. The company has implemented this letter by increasing installation capacity of fatty acids plant from 6,205 M.T. per annum to 15,510 M.T. with effect from February, 1991, this enhanced capacity came into operation. Later the company enhanced the capacity to 37500 M.T. p.a.w.e.f. March 1995.Mission.

Jocil Mission is to move up the levels of uncompromised customer care and to be a valued supplier of high quality products and services.

JOCIL LIMITED POLICIES: Supply quality goods and services to customers delight. Use resources efficiently; reduce wastage and prevent pollution. Encourage development and involvement of employees. Provide work environment that makes the employees committed and motivated for maximizing productivity

Establish systems for maintaining transparency, fairness and equality in dealing the employees

Empower employees for enhancing commitment, responsibility and accountability

Encourage teamwork, creativity, innovativeness and high achievement orientation

Provide growth and opportunities for developing skill and knowledge

Ensure functioning of effective communication channels with employees

Identify development needs of the employees on a regular basis, provide the necessary training and continually evaluate and monitor the effectiveness of the training so that the quality of the training also gets upgraded HISTORY OF JOCIL LIMTED:Jocil limited was incorporated on 20th February 1978 with the name Andhra Pradesh Oil and chemical industries Limited. This was a joint Venture with Andhra Pradesh Industrial Development Corporation (APIDU) and was promoted by Jayalakshmi Group of Companies. On 6th may, 1982the name of Andhra Pradesh oil and chemical industries limited was changed into Jayalakshmi oil and chemical industries Ltd.

The companys name has been changed from Jayalakshmi oil and chemical

industries limited to Jocil limited with effect from 17th Semptember, 1992,

Jocil limited is a subsidiary of The Andhra Sugars Ltd.

INITIAL INVESTMENT:

The company has set up Rs.3.3 crores fatty acid and soap project on turnkey basis through M/s.Ballestra(India)limited , Bombay with technology and equipment of C.M.B., Italy.

PERFORMANCE & ACHIEVEMENTS OF JOCIL:

1. Jocil is a leading manufacture of kinds of fatty acids. It also manufactures soaps.

2. Jocil supplies different grades of Stearic acid and other fatty acids to other manufacturing companies of pharmaceuticals, chemicals, plastics etc.

3.Jocil supplies fatty acids to meet their specific requirements of Stearic acid, Oleic acid etc.

4.Jocil manufactures soaps on contract basis to HLL, Johnson & Johnson, Henko spic etc. and also supply soap noodles to the above customers.

Jocils production of quality goods is due to the following factors:

a) Usage of good quality raw materials like rice bran oils, coconut oils, cotton seed acid oils etc.

b) The processing and purification of fatty acids is done by using latest technology.

c) The technology and requirement of Jocil has been imported from CMB Italy.

d) Maintenance of quality control by experienced and committed operating personnel.

e) Toilet soaps and Glycerrine are manufactured as per BISC (ISI) standards.

f) It uses high quality chemicals for the purification and processing of the fatty acids.

g) It maintains international standards in manufacturing its products so as to suit different kinds of I n industrial users.

3. Organizational chart Chairman Dr. Mullapudi Harischandra Prasad

Managing Director

J. Murali Mohan

Directors

P. Narendranath Chowdary

Mullapudi Thimmaraja

Y. Narayana Chowdary

V. S. Raju

K. Srinivasa Rao

M. Gopala Krishna

Subbarao V. Tipirneni

President & Secretary

P . Kesavulu Reddy

Board Of Directors Roles And Responsibilities

Chairman

Chairman is to lead and overseeing of the Board of Directors.

Managing Director

Who manages a division within organization

Directors

Overseeing the conduct of the companies Business

President and secretary

Keep records and carries out general office work.

1. HOW IS YOUR WORK ENVIRONMENT?

DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDNETS% OF RESPONDENTS

HIGHLY SATISFIED2632.5%

SATISFIED4657.5%

NETURAL810%

DISSATISFIED00

HIGHLY DISSATISFIED00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be understood that 32.5 % of the workers are highly satisfied with working environment and 57.5% are satisfied and 10 % are stands at neutral and no one dissatisfied with working environment.

2. IS ACCUMULATON OF DIRT AND REFUSE SHALL BE REMOVED DAILY?

DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDENTS% OF RESPONDENTS

YES80100%

NO00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all respondents agreed with there is accumulation of dirt and refuse is removing daily.

3. Is any precautions taken by the workers for the dust of fume?


YES80100%

NO00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all respondents agreed with there is accumulation of dirt and refuse is removing daily.

4. IS THE COMPANY PROVIDE THE SUFFICIENT LIGHTING IN THE WORKING ROOM?


YES80100%

NO00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all respondents agreed with there is sufficient lighting in the working room.

5. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH DRINKING FACILITES?


HIGHLY SATISFIED7695%

SATISFIED45%

NETURAL00

DISSATISFIED00


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be understood that 95 % of the workers are highly satisfied with drinking facilities and 5% are satisfied and no one are neutral and no one are dissatisfied with drinking facilities .

6. IS THE COMPANY PROVIDING CHILLED DRINKING WATER?

DESCRIPTION

NO. OF RESPONDENTS

% OF RESPONDENTS

YES

80

100%

NO

0

0

TOTAL

80

100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all respondents agreed in providing cool drinking water.7. DO YOU HAVE SUFFICIENT TOILET FACILITIES FOR BOTH MALE AND FEMALE

SEPARETELY?

DESCRIPTION

NO. OF RESPONDNETS

% OF RESPONDENTS

HIGHLY SATISFIED

80

100%

SATISFIED

0

0

NETURAL

0

0

DISSATISFIED

0

0

HIGHLY DISSATISFIED

0

0

TOTAL

80

100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all respondents agreed and highly satisfied with having sufficient toilet facilities for both male and female.

8. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH CANTEEN FACILITIES IN JOCIL LIMITED?



SATISFIED3645%

NETURAL3442.5%

DISSATISFIED00


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be understood that 12.5% of the workers are highly satisfied with canteen facilities and 45% are satisfied and 42.5% are stands at neutral and no one dissatisfied with canteen facilities.

9. IS THE COMPANY PROVIDING ANY SUBSIDARIES RATES FOR THE FOOD ITEMS?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDENTS% OF RESPONDENTS

YES7897.5%

NO22.5%

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that 97.5% of the workers are Said that the company providing subsidiary rates for the food items and 2% of the workers are said that no subsidiary rates for the food items.

10. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH MEDICAL FACILITIES AND DEPENDENCE?



SATISFIED3645%

NETURAL3645%

DISSATISFIED00


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it can be understood that 10 % of the workers are highly satisfied with medical facilities and 45% are satisfied and 45% are stands at neutral and no one dissatisfied with medical facilities.

11. ARE YOU HAVE THE WAITING ROOMS AND REST ROOMS?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDENTS% OF RESPONDENTS

YES5366.25%

NO2733.75%

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that 66.25% are agreed in having waiting rooms and 33.75% are not agreed in having waiting rooms and rest rooms.

12. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH WASHING AND DRYING FACILITIES?



SATISFIED3847.5%

NETURAL1417.5%

DISSATISFIED00


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be understood that 35 % of the workers are highly satisfied with washing and drying facilities and 47.5% are satisfied and 17.5% are stands at neutral and no one dissatisfied with washing and drying facilities.

13. IS THEIR ANY SAFETY MEASURES?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDENTS% OF RESPONDENTS

YES80100%

NO00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be understood that the company is providing safety measures to the employees.

14. IF THE MACHINERY IS IN THE WORKING POSITION, IS THERE ANY SECURELY FENCED BY SAFEGUARDS?


YES80100%

NO00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all the respondents agreed with the machinery is securely fenced by safeguards.

15. HOW MANY TIMES THE MACHINE WILL BE CHECK BY THE MECHANICS

IN A MONTH?

DESCRIPTIONNO OF RESPONDENTS% OF RESPONDENTS

ONE TIME00%

TWO TIMES8 10%

THREE TIMES67.5%

FOUR TIMES2025%

MORE4657.5%

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be understood that 10% of the respondents are agreed wityh one time checking of the machines in a month and 7.5% of the respondents are agreed with three times and 25% of respondents are agreed with four times and 57.5% of the respondents are agreed with more times checking of the machines in a month .

16. IS THEIR ANY SPECIAL UNIFORM FOR WORKERS AND MACHINERY OPERATIONS?


YES80100%

NO00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all respondents agreed with there is special uniform for workers for the machinery operations.

17. IS THEIR ANY SAFETY COMMITTEE APPOINTED IN THE COMPANY?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDENTS% OF RESPONDENTS

YES80100%

NO00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all respondents are agreed there is safety committee appointed in the company.

18. IS THE SAFETY KITS AVALIABLE DURING ALL WORKING HOURS?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDENTS% OF RESPONDENTS

YES80100%

NO00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all respondents agreed with safety kits are available during all working hours.

19. ARE YOU HAVING THE HOUSING FACILITY? ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH ACCOMODATION?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDNETS% OF RESPONDENTS


SATISFIED3847.5%

NETURAL1822.5%

DISSATISFIED00


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be understood that 30% of the workers are highly satisfied with accommodation and 47.5% are satisfied and 22.5% are stands at neutral and no one dissatisfied with accommodation .

20. IS THERE SCHOOL FACILITY FOR WORKERS CHILDRENS?


YES6480%

NO1620%

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that 80% of the workers are agreed in providing school facility for workers children and 20% are not agreed in providing school facility for workers children.

21. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH LEAVE FACILITIES?


HIGHLY SATISFIED45%

SATISFIED3847.5%

NETURAL3847.5%

DISSATISFIED00


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it can be understood that 5 % of the workers are highly satisfied with leave facilities and 47.5% are satisfied and 47.5% are stands at neutral and no one dissatisfied with leave facilities.

22. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH RECREATION FACILITIES?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDNETS% OF RESPONDENTS

HIGHLY SATISFIED00

SATISFIED5872.5%

NETURAL2025%

DISSATISFIED22.5%


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it can be understood that 0% of the workers are highly satisfied with recreation facilities and 72.5% are satisfied and 25% are stands at neutral and 2.5% are dissatisfied and one are highly dissatisfied with recreation facilities.

23. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH TRANSPORT FACILITIES WHICH INCLUDE TRAVEL TO OTHER PLACES?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDNETS% OF RESPONDENTS


SATISFIED5062.5%

NETURAL1620%

DISSATISFIED22.5%


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it can be understood that 15 % of the workers are highly satisfied with transport facilities and 62.5% are satisfied and 20% are stands at neutral and 2.5% are stands at dissatisfied and no one highly dissatisfied with transport facilities.

24. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH P.F.FACILITIES?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDNETS% OF RESPONDENTS


SATISFIED3442.5%

NETURAL67.5%

DISSATISFIED00


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it can be understood that 50% of the workers are highly satisfied with p.f facilities and 42.5% are satisfied and 7.5% are stands at neutral and no one dissatisfied with p.f facilities.25. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH PRESENT SALARY AND WAGE STRUCTURE?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDNETS% OF RESPONDENTS

HIGHLY SATISFIED00

SATISFIED3645%

NETURAL4050%

DISSATISFIED45%


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it can be understood 0 % of the workers are highly satisfied with present salary and wage structure and 45% are satisfied and 50% are stands at neutral and 5% are dissatisfied and no one highly dissatisfied with present salary and wage structure.

26. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH PAYMENT OF BONUS BY THE COMPANY?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDNETS% OF RESPONDENTS


SATISFIED22.5%

NETURAL00

DISSATISFIED00


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it can be understood that 97.5 % of the workers are highly satisfied with payment of bonus by the company and 2.5% are satisfied and no one is neutral and dissatisfied with payment of bonus by the company.

27. IS THERE ANY INSURANCE FACILITY FOR WORKERS?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDENTS% OF RESPONDENTS

YES80100%

NO00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all respondents agreed with providing insurance facility for workers.

28. IS THERE ANY ENQUIRY COMMITTEE APPOINTED SAKE OF HAZARD INCIDENT?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDENTS% OF RESPONDENTS

YES80100%

NO00

TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION:

From the above table it can be observe that all respondents agreed with there is enquiry committee appointed sake of hazard incident.

29. ARE YOU COMFORTABLE WITH NUMBER OF WORKING HOURS OF YOUR COMPANY?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDNETS% OF RESPONDENTS

HIGHLY SATISFIED65%

SATISFIED7495%

NETURAL00

DISSATISFIED00


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it can be understood that 5 % of the workers are highly satisfied with working hours of company and 95% are satisfied and no one neutral, dissatisfied with working hours of company.

30. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH ON THE JOB TRAINING METHOD TO IMPROVE SKILLS IN JOCIL LIMITED?DESCRIPTIONNO. OF RESPONDNETS% OF RESPONDENTS


SATISFIED2227.5%

NETURAL00

DISSATISFIED00


TOTAL80100%

INTERPRETATION: From the above table it can be understood that 72.5 % of the workers are highly satisfied with job training method and 27.5% are satisfied and no one neutral, dissatisfied with job training method.

FINDINGS: From this study researcher find that most of the employees are not satisfied with wages and salaries.

From this study it is found that organization is not maintaining transparency with employees

because the employees are very nervous and unsatisfactory to give their response. From this study it is found that recreational facilities of JOCIL LIMITED are not up to the employee satisfaction.

From this study it is found that the JOCIL LIMITED is providing partial transport facilities to the employees.

From this study the researcher find that the organization is providing rest rooms and

waiting rooms but most of the employees doesnt aware of that.

Suggestions: The researcher suggested that the organization should maintain fair wage system.

The organization should maintain transparency and openness to all employees who are working in the organization.

The organization is suggested to increase recreational facilities to the organization.

The organization need to provide full transport facilities who are coming from all directions near by areas.

Conclusion: In JOCIL LIMITED all employee welfare facilities. It is providing all statutory provisions and non-statutory provisions.

The company plays vital role to provide welfare facilities with the consultation of both employees and employers. And also allocating the financial resources and other supportive measures to workers like educational facilities, medical facilities and funds etc..with contribution of management.

From the inception of the company till new it runs successfully by improving the productivity through introducing many verities into the market is possible due to providing all welfare measures to the employee and employee cooperation to the management.

JOCIL Ltd. 20 N.I.T

Documents

employee welfare measures