Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics978-0-387-48998-8/1.pdfPreface Microfluidics and nanofluidics are among the most rapidly growing fields of scientific research and

Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics

Dongqing Li (Ed.)

Encyclopedia ofMicrofluidics and Nanofluidics

With 1636 Figures and 152 Tables

123

Prof. Dongqing LiDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityVU Station B 3515922301 Vanderbilt PlaceNashville, TN. [email protected]

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008927465

ISBN: 978-0-387-48998-8

The print version of the whole set will be available under ISBN 978-0-387-32468-5.The print and electronic bundle of the whole set will be available under ISBN 978-0-387-49000-7.

© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (SpringerScience+Business Media, LLC., 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarlyanalysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden.

The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as anexpression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.

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Preface

Microfluidics and nanofluidics are among the most rapidly growing fields of scientific research and technology develop-ment. Over the past 15 years, the research activities in these fields have been increasing exponentially as evidenced bythe number of published papers in the literature. Microfluidics and nanofluidics not only bring exciting opportunities tostudy the new phenomena unique to these small scales, but also enable the development of many new and high-impacttechnologies from handheld biomedical laboratory (Lab-on-a-Chip) to detection and manipulation of single molecules.While these exciting and inter-disciplinary research fields attract more and more researchers, one major challenge isthe lack of a single reference resource providing up-to-date reviews and overviews of various directions in the fieldof microfluidics and nanofluidics. This is the motivation behind the development of the Encyclopedia of Microfluidicsand Nanofluidics. As a comprehensive resource, no single review paper or several books focused on specific topics canreplace the role of an Encyclopedia.This is the first Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics for the scientific community. It covers the fundamentals,latest developments and cutting-edge experimental techniques, including electrical double-layers; optofluidics; DNAlab-on-a-chip; nanosensors; and much more. The high technical quality of the Encyclopedia has been ensured by ourInternational Editorial Board consisting of leading scientists in these fields, and the over 250 experts in microfluidicsand nanofluidics. The carefully selected entries deliver relevant and comprehensive information, and are fully illustratedwith thousands of diagrams, photos, line art, many in full color.The Encyclopedia provides basic information on all fundamental and applied aspects of microfluidics and nanofluidicsby covering two decades of research. It is the only scientific work of its kind in the field of microfluidics and nanofluidicsbringing together core knowledge and the very latest advances. Written for a wide audience with different levels ofexperience, it provides valuable information to graduate students and scientists who may be new to these fields ofmicrofluidics and nanofluidics while providing up-to-date information to active scientists and experts in the field. Thisoutstanding encyclopedia is an indispensable source for research professionals, technology investors and developersseeking the most up-to-date information on microfluidics and nanofluidics among a wide range of disciplines fromscience to engineering to medicine.It takes two years of hard work of many people for this Encyclopedia to come to live. I would like to give my sincerethanks the Editorial Board members and many specially invited experts for helping me to review so many manuscriptsto ensure the highest quality. I would like to thank and congratulate all contributing authors. This is your Encyclopediaand you made the great contribution to these fields. Finally, my heartfelt appreciation goes to the colleagues at Springer,Steven Elliot, Oona Schmid, Sylvia Blago, and Simone Giesler-Güllich; without their persistent efforts and hard workeveryday, it is not possible to complete this Encyclopedia.

Dongqing Li Nashville, March 2008(Editor-in-Chief)

Editor-in-Chief

DONGQING LI

Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityVU Station B 3515922301 Vanderbilt PlaceNashville, TN. [email protected]

Section Editors

CHONG H. AHN

Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati, OH, [email protected]

MARTIN GIJS

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)Institute of Microelectronic & Microsystems (IMM)Lausanne, [email protected]

STEFFEN HARDT

Institute for Nano- and Micro Process TechnologyUniversity of HannoverHannover, [email protected]

SATISH G. KANDLIKAR

Mechanical Engineering DepartmentRochester Institute of TechnologyRochester, NY, [email protected]

JAMES P. LANDERS

Department of ChemistryUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesville, VA, [email protected]

YUEHE LIN

Environmental Molecular Sciences LaboratoryPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichland, WA, [email protected]

ANDREW DE MELLO

Department of ChemistryImperial College of Science, Technology and MedicineLondon, [email protected]

HYWEL MORGAN

School of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton, [email protected]

NICO F. DE ROOIJ

The Institute of MicrotechnologyUniversity of NeuchâtelNeuchâtel, [email protected]

STEVE WERELEY

School of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, IN, [email protected]

RUEY-JEN YANG

Department of Engineering ScienceNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan City, [email protected]

Contributors

ABRAHAM, JOHN

Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, [email protected]

AGARWAL, RAMESH

Aerospace Research and Education Center (AeREC)and Aerospace Engineering ProgramWashington UniversitySt. Louis, [email protected]

AI, LISONG

Department of Biomedical Engineering& Cardiovascular MedicineSchool of Engineering & School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angles, CAUSA

AKHMECHET, ROMAN

Sibley School of Mechanical EngineeringCornell UniversityIthaca, [email protected]

ANGELI, PANAGIOTA

Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College [email protected]

ANNA, SHELLEY L.Department of Mechanical EngineeringCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburgh, [email protected]

ARNOLD, MARKUS

HSG-IMAT, Hahn-Schickard-GesellschaftInstitute for Microassembly [email protected]

ASFER, MOHAMMED

Department of Mechanical EngineeringIIT KanpurKanpurIndia

ASHGRIZ, NASSER

Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]

AUERSWALD, JANKO

Division MicroroboticsCentre Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique(CSEM S.A.)[email protected]

BAKAJIN, OLGICA

Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermore, [email protected]

BALDWIN, RICHARD P.Department of ChemistryUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville, [email protected]

XII Contributors

BAMIRO, OLUYINKA O.Western Michigan UniversityKalamazoo, [email protected]

BARBULOVIC-NAD, IRENA

Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellularand Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada

BAROUD, CHARLES N.LadHyX and Departement de MécaniqueEcole [email protected]

BARRETT, LOUISE M.Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermore, [email protected]

BAYAZITOGLU, YILDIZ

Rice UniversityHouston, [email protected]

BAZANT, MARTIN Z.Department of Mathematics and Institute for SoldierNanotechnologiesMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]

BEDEAUX, DICK

Department of ChemistryNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway

BEDEKAR, ADITYA S.CFD Research CorporationHuntsville, ALUSA

BERG, JORDAN M.Nano Tech Center & Department of MechanicalEngineeringTexas Tech UniversityLubbock, TXUSA

BHAGAT, ALI ASGAR S.Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati, OHUSA

BHATTACHARYA, SMITI

C. Eugene Bennett Department of ChemistryWest Virginia UniversityMorgantown, WVUSA

BHATTACHARYYA, ARPITA

Biomedical Engineering DepartmentBoston UniversityBoston, [email protected]

BINDER, KURT

Institut für PhysikJohannes Gutenberg Universität [email protected]

BREUER, KENNETH S.Division of EngineeringBrown UniversityProvidence, [email protected]

BRUTIN, DAVID

IUSTI LaboratoryPoytech’[email protected]

BUTLER, DAVID LEE

School of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]

BÜTTNER, LARS

Professorship of Measuring and Testing TechniquesDresden University of TechnologyDresdenGermany

Contributors XIII

CAO, JINHUA

Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, INUSA

CETIN, BARBAROS

Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]

CHAI, JOHN C.School of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

CHAKRABORTY, SUMAN

Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of [email protected]

CHAMARTHY, PRAMOD

Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, [email protected]

CHANG, CHIH-CHANG

Department of Engineering ScienceNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan

CHANG, HSUEH-CHIA

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringCenter for Microfluidic and Medical DiagnosticsUniversity of Notre DameNotre Dame, [email protected]

CHANG, JUN KEUN

NanoEnTek Inc. & Digital Bio Technology Co., [email protected]

CHARON, LUC

Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada

CHEN, GANG

School of PharmacyFudan [email protected]

CHEN, JIA-KUN


CHEN, RONGSHENG

Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong

CHEN, XIAOHONG

School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

CHEN, ZHONGPING

Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine, [email protected]

CHEN, ZILIN

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringCenter for Microfluidic and Medical DiagnosticsUniversity of Notre DameNotre Dame, [email protected]

CHENG, JI-YEN

Research Center for Applied SciencesAcademia [email protected]

XIV Contributors

CHENG, PING

School of Mechanical and Power EngineeringShanghai Jiaotong [email protected]

CHEREMISIN, FELIX G.Russian Academy of [email protected]

CHIAO, MU

Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver, British [email protected]

CHON, CHAN HEE


CHOO, JAEBUM

Department of Applied ChemistryHanyang UniversityAnsan, Kyunggi-doSouth [email protected]

CHRISTENSEN, KENNETH T.Department of Mechanical Science and EngineeringUniversity of IllinoisUrbana, [email protected]

CHUN, YANG

School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

CHUNG, CHEN-KUEI

Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan CityTaiwan (R.O.C.)[email protected]

CLICQ, DAVID

Transport Modeling & (Bio)analytical Separation ScienceGroup (TMAS2)Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselBelgium

COLIN, STÉPHANE

National Institute of Applied Sciences of Toulouse(INSAT)Toulouse Cedex [email protected]

COLLINS, JOHN

Maxwell Sensors Inc.Fullerton, [email protected]

CROSS, MICHAEL

Electrical & Computer Engineering ProgramSchool of EngineeringThe University of VermontBurlington, [email protected]

CUI, ZHENG

Rutherford Appleton [email protected]

CZARSKE, JÜRGEN

Professorship of Measuring and Testing TechniquesDresden University of [email protected]

DALLAS, TIM

Nano Tech Center & Department of Electrical& Computer EngineeringTexas Tech UniversityLubbock, TXUSA

DAMES, CHRIS

Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaRiverside, [email protected]

Contributors XV

DANG, KHANH

Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciencesand TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MAUSA

DAUB, MARTINA

Laboratory for MEMS ApplicationsDepartment of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK)University of [email protected]

DE SILVA, MAURIS

Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteUniversity of MiamiMiami, [email protected]

DEMIRCI, UTKAN

Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciencesand TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MAUSA

DENG, PEIGANG

MEMS DepartmentChina Resources Semiconductor (HK) Co., Ltd.Hong KongChina

DERMICI, DENIZ

Department of EconomicsBogazici UniversityIstanbulTurkey

DESMET, GERT


DIAS, FRANCISCO

HE-ArcInstitut des MicrotechnologiesLa Chaux-de-FondsSwitzerland

DJILALI, NED

Institute for Integrated Energy Systems (IESVic)and Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of VictoriaVictoria, BCCanada

DORFMAN, KEVIN D.Department of Chemical Engineering and MaterialsScienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]

DUCRÉE, JENS

HSG-IMIT, c/o IMTEKUniversity of [email protected]

DURMUS, N. GOZDE

Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsMiddle East Technical UniversityAnkaraTurkey

DUTTA, DEBASHIS

Department of ChemistryUniversity of WyomingLaramie, [email protected]

DUTTA, PRASHANTA

School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullman, [email protected]

ERICKSON, DAVID

Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringCornell UniversityIthaca, New [email protected]

EWING, ANDREW H.Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, INUSA

XVI Contributors

EIJKEL, JAN C. T.BIOS, Lab-on-a-Chip GroupMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyEnschedeNetherlands

FAN, TONGXIANG

State Key Lab of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiaotong [email protected]

FANG, JI

Institute for MicromanufacturingLouisiana Tech UniversityRuston, [email protected]

FEKETE, VERONIKA


FRANSSILA, SAMI

Helsinki University of [email protected]

FREIRE, SERGIO

Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada

FRIEND, JAMES

Micro/Nanophysics Research LaboratoryMonash UniversityClayton, [email protected]

FRÉCHETTE, LUC G.Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrooke, [email protected]

FU, JIANPING

Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]

FU, LUNG-MING

Department of Materials EngineeringNational Pingtung University of Science and TechnologyPingtungTaiwan, [email protected]

GAN, HIONG YAP

Division of Manufacturing Engineering Schoolof Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]

GAO, YANDONG


GARCIA-CORDERO, JOSE L.Biomedical Diagnostics InstituteNational Centre for Sensor ResearchDublin City UniversityDublinIreland

GARRELL, ROBIN L.Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles, CAUSA

GAVRIILIDIS, ASTERIOS

Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College [email protected]

GEELHOED, PETER

Laboratory for Aero- & HydrodynamicsDelft University of [email protected]

Contributors XVII

GHEBER, LEVI A.Department of Biotechnology EngineeringBen-GurionUniversity of the [email protected]

GHOSAL, SANDIP

Department of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanston, [email protected]

GLAWDEL, TOM

Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, [email protected]

GRAY, BONNIE

School of Engineering ScienceSimon Fraser UniversityBurnaby, [email protected]

GREEN, NICOLAS

School of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

GUASTO, JEFFREY S.Division of EngineeringBrown UniversityProvidence, [email protected]

GUI, LIN

Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, ONCanada

GUISEPPI-ELIE, ANTHONY

Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors, and Biochips (C3B)Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,and Department of BioengineeringClemson UniversityClemson, [email protected]

HALL, JEREMIAH

Department of Aerospace Engineering SciencesUniversity of ColoradoBoulder, COUSA

HAN, JONGYOON

Department of Electrical Engineering and ComputerScience and Department of Biological EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]

HAQUETTE, HENRI


HARRIS, NICK R.School of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of SouthamptonHighfield, [email protected]

HASHIM, AHMAD YUSAIRI BANI

Faculty of Manufacturing EngineeringUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia [email protected]

HAU, WINKY L. W.IMTEKUniversity of [email protected]

HENDERSON, CLIFFORD L.School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta, [email protected]

HEO, CHUL-JOON

National CRI Center for Integrated Optofluidic Systemsand Department of Chemical and BiomolecularEngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonKorea

XVIII Contributors

HILL, MARTYN

School of Engineering SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonHighfield, SouthamptonUK

HILL JR., HERBERT H.Department of ChemistryWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA

HINRICHS, KARSTEN

ISAS - Institute for Analytical [email protected]

HITT, DARREN L.Mechanical Engineering Program, School of EngineeringThe University of VermontBurlington, [email protected]

HONG, JONGIN

Department of ChemistryImperial College London, South Kensington [email protected]

HORIUCHI, KEISUKE

Mechanical Engineering Research LaboratoryHitachi, Ltd.Hitachinaka, IbarakiJapan

HOUSE, DUSTIN


HSIAI, TZUNG K.Department of Biomedical Engineering& Cardiovascular MedicineSchool of Engineering & School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angles, CAUSA

HSIEH, CHENG-CHIEH

Intel CorporationChandler, [email protected]

HSIEH, YI-CHENG

Department of Biomedical EngineeringRutgers, The State University of New JerseyPiscataway, NJUSA

HU, GUOQING

Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, TNUSA

HUANG, PETER

Department of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedford, MAUSA

HUANG, XIAOYANG


HWANG, EUN-SOO

Microsystems LaboratorySchool of Mechanical EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

IANCU, FLORIN

Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, [email protected]

ILES, ALEXANDER

Department of ChemistryThe University of [email protected]

IRIMIA, DANIEL

Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBoston, [email protected]

Contributors XIX

IYER, SRINIVAS

Bioscience DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos Alamos, [email protected]

JACKSON, DOUGLAS J.Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville, [email protected]

JAFARI, ALI

Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada

JANG, SE GYU


JEON, NOO LI

Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine, CAUSA

JIANG, HONG

GraceFlow TechnologyColumbia, [email protected]

JIAO, ZHENJUN


JO, KYOO DONG

C. Eugene Bennett Department of ChemistryWest Virginia UniversityMorgantown, [email protected]

JUBERY, TALUKDER Z.School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA

KANDLIKAR, SATISH G.Department of Mechanical EngineeringRochester Institute of TechnologyRochester, [email protected]

KANG, KWAN HYOUNG

Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangSouth [email protected]

KANG, SANGMO

Dong-A UniversityBusanKorea

KANG, YUEJUN


KARNIK, ROHIT


KASSEGNE, SAMUEL K.MEMS Research LaboratoryDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringSan Diego State UniversitySan Diego, [email protected]

KEH, HUAN J.Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Taiwan [email protected]

XX Contributors

KELLY, KATHLEEN


KEPPNER, HERBERT


KEYNTON, ROBERT S.Department of BioengineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville, [email protected]

KHADEMHOSSEINI, ALI

Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciencesand TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]

KIM, HYUNG JOON


KIM, SE-HEON


KIM, YONG-HO


KIM, YONG-JUN

Microsystems LaboratorySchool of Mechanical EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of [email protected]

KIM, YOUNG JO

Department of Chemical EngineeringCenter for Surface Science and Plasma TechnologyUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbia, [email protected]

KING, MICHAEL R.University of RochesterRochester, [email protected]

KITAMORI, TAKEHIKO

Department of Applied ChemistrySchool of EngineeringThe University of [email protected]

KJEANG, ERIK

Institute for Integrated Energy Systems (IESVic)and Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of VictoriaVictoria, BCCanada

KJELSTRUP, SIGNE

Department of ChemistryNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway

KLAPPERICH, CATHERINE M.Biomedical and Manufacturing Engineering DepartmentsBoston UniversityBoston, [email protected]

KLEINSTREUER, CLEMENT

Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, [email protected]

KNAPP, HELMUT F.Division MicroroboticsCentre Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique(CSEM S.A.)AlpnachSwitzerland

Contributors XXI

KOCKMANN, NORBERT

Laboratory for Design of MicrosystemsDepartment of Microsystems Engineering – IMTEKAlbert-Ludwig University of [email protected]

KONG, LINGXUE

Center for Material and Fiber InnovationDeakin UniversityGeelong, [email protected]

KOZBERG, MARIEL

Department of Chemical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MAUSA

KRISHNAMOORTHY, SIVA

Baxter Healthcare CorporationRound Lake, ILUSA

KUMAR, ALOKE

Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, INUSA

KUMAR, HARIBALAN

Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and SciencesUniversity of IowaIowa City, [email protected]

KWOK, DANIEL Y.Department of Mechanical EngineeringSchulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgary, [email protected]

KÖHLER, MICHAEL

Stiftungslehrstuhl der Deutschen Bundesstiftung Umwelt,Institut für PhysikTechnische Universität [email protected]

KÜCK, HEINZ

HSG-IMAT, Hahn-Schickard-GesellschaftInstitute for Microassembly [email protected]

LAM, YEE CHEONG

Division of Manufacturing Engineering Schoolof Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

LEE, ABRAHAM P.Department of Biomedical Engineering and Departmentof Mechanical AerospaceUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine, [email protected]

LEE, CHIA-YEN

Department of Mechanical and Automation EngineeringDa-Yeh UniversityChung-HuaTaiwan, ROC

LEE, JAESUNG

LG Material & Parts R&D CenterLG [email protected]

LEE, SEUNG-KON


LEE, YI-KUEN

Department of Mechanical EngineeringHong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

LI, CHEUK-WING

Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina

XXII Contributors

LI, DEYU


LI, DONGQING

Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, TNUSA

LI, JIE

Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NCUSA

LI, ZHIXIN

Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

LILGE, LOTHAR

Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada

LIM, JONG-MIN


LIM, TEIK-CHENG

School of Science and TechnologySIM [email protected]

LIN, BINGCHENG

Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of [email protected]

LIN, CHE-HSIN

Department of Mechanical and ElectromechanicalEngineeringNational Sun Yat-sen [email protected]

LIN, RICHARD L.Department of Materials Science and EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MAUSA

LIN, YUEHE

Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichland, [email protected]

LINDEMANN, TIMO

Laboratory for MEMS ApplicationsDepartment of Microsystems EngineeringUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

LIOU, WILLIAM W.Western Michigan UniversityKalamazoo, [email protected]

LIU, CHENG-HSIEN

Department of Power Mechanical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua [email protected]

LIU, JING

Cryogenic Lab, Technical Institute of Physicsand ChemistryChinese Academy of [email protected]

LIU, XIN

Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina

Contributors XXIII

LO, WIN-JET

Department of Refrigeration and Air-ConditioningNational Chin-Yi University of TechnologyTaichungTaiwan

LOUISOS, WILLIAM F.Mechanical Engineering Program, School of EngineeringUniversity of VermontBurlington, VTUSA

LUCAS, LONNIE J.Department of Agricultural & Biosystems EngineeringThe University of ArizonaTucson, AZUSA

LUKES, JENNIFER R.Department of ChemistryImperial College London, South Kensington [email protected]

LUO, HAOXIANG


MA, HONGBIN

Department of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbia, MOUSA

MAEDA, HIDEAKI

Nanotechnology Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Scienceand Technology (AIST)Tosu, [email protected]

MANDAL, SUDEEP

Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringCornell UniversityIthaca, [email protected]

MANN, J. ADIN

Department of Chemical EngineeringCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland, OHUSA

MANZARI, MEHRDAD T.Sharif University of [email protected]

MAO, XIAOLE

Department of BioengineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park, PAUSA

MAWATARI, KAZUMA

Microchemistry GroupKanagawa Academy of Science and Technology (KAST)[email protected]

MIAO, JIANMIN

Micromachines Centre, School of Mechanicaland Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]

MILLER, ELIZABETH M.Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellularand Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada

MINAS, GRACA

Department of Industrial ElectronicsUniversity of [email protected]

MINC, NICOLAS

Department of MicrobiologyColumbia UniversityNYC, [email protected]

XXIV Contributors

MINERICK, ADRIENNE R.Dave C Swalm School of Chemical EngineeringMississippi State UniversityStarkville, [email protected]

MINTEER, SHELLEY D.Department of ChemistrySaint Louis UniversitySt. Louis, [email protected]

MIRAGHAIE, REZA

Keck Graduate InstituteClaremont, [email protected]

MITRA, SUSHANTA K.Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology [email protected]

MIYAZAKI, MASAYA

Nanotechnology Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Scienceand Technology (AIST)Tosu, [email protected]

MOHSENI, KAMRAN

Department of Aerospace Engineering SciencesUniversity of ColoradoBoulder, [email protected]

MORGAN, HYWEL

School of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of [email protected]

MORINI, GIAN LUCA

Institute of PhysicsDIENCA Università di [email protected]

MORRISON, DAVID W. G.Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciencesand TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MAUSA

MURTHY, SHASHI K.Department of Chemical EngineeringNortheastern UniversityBoston, [email protected]

MÜLLER, NORBERT

Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MIUSA

NADIM, ALI

Keck Graduate InstituteClaremont, [email protected]

NAKAMURA, HIROYUKI

Nanotechnology Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Scienceand Technology (AIST)[email protected]

NAM-TRUNG, NGUYEN

School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]

NASAREK, R.Technical ThermodynamicsMechanical Engineering FacultyDarmstadt University of [email protected]

NATRAJAN, VINAY K.Department of Mechanical Science and EngineeringUniversity of IllinoisUrbana, ILUSA

Contributors XXV

NGUYEN, BAO

MEMS Research Laboratory Department of MechanicalEngineeringCollege of EngineeringSan Diego State UniversitySan Diego, [email protected]

NGUYEN, NAM-TRUNG


NIEDERMANN, PHILIPPE

Division MicroroboticsCentre Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique(CSEM S.A.)AlpnachSwitzerland

O’KENNEDY, RICHARD

Applied Biochemistry GroupSchool of Biotechnology and Biomedical DiagnosticsInstitute National Centre for Sensor ResearchDublin City [email protected]

OLSEN, MICHAEL G.Department of Mechanical EngineeringIowa State UniversityAmes, [email protected]

OOI, KIM TIOW


PAIS, ANDREA

Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati, OHUSA

PAMME, NICOLE

Department of ChemistryThe University of HullHullUK

PAN, YU-JEN


PANDA, SIDDHARTHA

Department of Chemical EngineeringIIT [email protected]

PANIGRAHI, PRADIPTA KUMAR

Department of Mechanical EngineeringIIT [email protected]

PAPAUTSKY, IAN

Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati, [email protected]

PAPPAERT, KRIS

Transport Modeling & (Bio)analytical Separation ScienceGroup (TMAS2)Vrije Universiteit [email protected]

PARIKESIT, GEA O. F.Quantitative Imaging GroupDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe [email protected]

PARK, HYUNG GYU

Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermore, CAUSA

PARK, JEONG WON

Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine, [email protected]

XXVI Contributors

PARK, SECHUL


PELES, YOAV

Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and NuclearEngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroy, [email protected]

PETERSON, DOMINIC S.Chemistry DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos Alamos, [email protected]

PETERSON, ERIK T. K.Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati, OHUSA

POPA, DAN

Automation & Robotics Research InstituteThe University of Texas at ArlingtonFort Worth, [email protected]

PYARAJAN, SAIJU

Department of Pathology and NYU Cancer InstituteNew York University School of MedicineNew York, [email protected]

QI, SUIJIAN

Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong SAR

QIN, JIANHUA

Department of BiotechnologyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of [email protected]

QUAN, XIAOJUN

School of Mechanical and Power EngineeringShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina

RADADIA, ADARSH D.University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana, [email protected]

RADISIC, MILICA

Department of Chemical Engineering and AppliedChemistryInstitute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada

RAUSCHER, MARKUS

Max-Planck-Institut für [email protected]

REDDY, VARUN

Department of BioengineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park, PAUSA

REN, CAROLYN

Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, [email protected]

RESCHKE, BRENT


RICCO, ANTONIO J.Biomedical Diagnostics Institute National Centrefor Sensor ResearchDublin City [email protected]

Contributors XXVII

ROUHANIZADEH, MAHSA

Department of Biomedical Engineering& Cardiovascular MedicineSchool of Engineering & School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angles, [email protected]

ROUSSEL, THOMAS J.Department of BioengineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville, [email protected]

ROY, SUBRATA

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesville, [email protected]

SAGGERE, LAXMAN

University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, [email protected]

SAHA, AURO ASHISH

Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology BombayMumbaiIndia

SAINIEMI, LAURI

Helsinki University of [email protected]

SCHAEFER, LAURA

Mechanical Engineering and Materials ScienceDepartmentUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh, [email protected]

SCHMIDT, HOLGER

University of CaliforniaSanta Cruz, [email protected]

SCHÖNFELD, FRIEDHELM

Institut für Mikrotechnik Mainz [email protected]

SENGUPTA, SHRAMIK

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of Notre DameNotre Dame, INUSA

SETHU, PALANIAPPAN

Department of BioengineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville, [email protected]

SHAPIRO, BENJAMIN

Aerospace Engineering; joint appointments withBio-engineering, Institute of Systems Research; affiliatedwith Applied Mathematics and Scientific ComputationprogramUniversity of MarylandCollege Park, [email protected]

SHARIPOV, FELIX

Departamento de FísicaUniversidade Federal do Paraná[email protected]

SHIN, HWA SUNG


SHUI, LINGLING

BIOS, Lab-on-a-Chip GroupMESA+ Institute for [email protected]

SILBER-LI, ZHANHUA

LNM, Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of [email protected]

XXVIII Contributors

SIMMONS, BLAKE A.Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermore, CAUSA

SINGH, ANUP K.Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermore, [email protected]

SINGHAL, ASHOK K.CFD Research CorporationHuntsville, ALUSA

SINTON, DAVID

Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of VictoriaVictoria, [email protected]@me.uvic.ca

SONG, YONG-AK


STAROV, VICTOR M.Department of Chemical EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughborough, [email protected]

STEPHAN, PETER

Technical ThermodynamicsMechanical Engineering FacultyDarmstadt University of [email protected]

STERLING, JAMES D.Keck Graduate InstituteClaremont, CAUSA

STREMLER, MARK A.Department of Engineering Science and MechanicsVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburg, [email protected]

SU, CHUN-MIN

Flow Measurement LaboratoryCenter for Measurement StandardsIndustrial Technology Research InstituteHsinchuTaiwan

SUGUMAR, DHARMALINGAM

Faculty of Manufacturing EngineeringUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia [email protected]

SUH, YONG KWEON

Dong-A [email protected]

SUN, TAO

Nanoscale Systems Integration GroupSchool of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of SouthamptonHighfield, [email protected]

SUNDARAM, SHIVSHANKAR

CFD Research CorporationHuntsville, ALUSA

SWICKRATH, MICHAEL J.Department of Chemical EngineeringCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland, [email protected]

SYMS, RICHARD R. A.Electrical and Electronic Engineering DepartmentImperial College [email protected]

TAM, MAGGIE

Department of ChemistryWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA

Contributors XXIX

TANG, GONGYUE


TATSUMA, TETSU

Institute of Industrial ScienceUniversity of [email protected]

TESAR, VÁCLAV

Department of Thermodynamics,Institute of ThermomechanicsAcademy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicPragueCzech [email protected]

THIBAUDEAU, GISELLE

Electron Microscopy CenterMississippi State UniversityMississippi State, [email protected]

TIMPERMAN, AARON T.C. Eugene Bennett Department of ChemistryWest Virginia UniversityMorgantown, [email protected]

TSAI, CHIEN-HSIUNG

Department of Vehicle EngineeringNational Pingtung University of Science and [email protected]

TULLY, ELIZABETH

Applied Biochemistry GroupSchool of Biotechnology and Biomedical DiagnosticsInstituteNational Centre for Sensor ResearchDublin City UniversityDublinIreland

VAN DEN BERG, ALBERT

BIOS, Lab-on-a-Chip GroupMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyEnschedeNetherlands

VAN DER LINDEN, HEIKO

Laboratory for Aero- and HydrodynamicsFaculty of Mechanical, Maritime and MaterialsEngineeringTU [email protected]

VARHUE, W.J.Electrical & Computer Engineering ProgramSchool of EngineeringThe University of VermontBurlington, [email protected]

VENDITTI, ROBERTO

Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]

WAGNER, E.Technical ThermodynamicsMechanical Engineering FacultyDarmstadt University of TechnologyDarmstadtGermany

WALKER, GREG


WAN, WEIJIE

Department of Systems Design EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, [email protected]

WANG, CHENG


XXX Contributors

WANG, GUIREN

Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of South CarolinaColumbia, [email protected]

WANG, MORAN

NEAT, Department of Biological & AgriculturalEngineeringUniversity of California DavisDavis, [email protected]

WANG, WEISONG

Department of AstronomyUniversity of Texas at AustinAustin, [email protected]

WANG, YI

CFD Research CorporationHuntsville, [email protected]

WANG, YING-CHIH


WERELEY, STEVEN T.Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, [email protected]

WESTERWEEL, JERRY

Laboratory for Aero- & HydrodynamicsDelft University of TechnologyDelftNetherlands

WHEELER, AARON R.Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]

WILLIAMS, STUART

Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, [email protected]

WNEK, GARY E.Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland, OHUSA

WONG, STEVEN

MEMS Research Laboratory Department of MechanicalEngineering College of EngineeringSan Diego State UniversitySan Diego, CAUSA

WONG, TECK NENG


WU, HONGKAI

Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. [email protected]

WU, HUIYING

School of Mechanical and Power EngineeringShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina

WU, JIE

Department of Electrical Engineering and ComputerScienceThe University of TennesseeKnoxville, [email protected]

WU, ZHEMIN


Contributors XXXI

XU, DONGYAN


XU, JENNIFER


XUAN, XIANGCHUN

Department of Mechanical EngineeringClemson UniversityClemson, [email protected]

YAN, DEGUANG

Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

YAN, HUI

Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China

YANDONG, GAO


YANG, ALLEN

Sibley School of Mechanical EngineeringCornell UniversityIthaca, [email protected]

YANG, CHENG-TSAIR

Flow Measurement LaboratoryCenter for Measurement StandardsIndustrial Technology Research [email protected]

YANG, CHUN

School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]

YANG, EUI-HYEOK

Department of Mechanical EngineeringStevens Institute of TechnologyHoboken, [email protected]

YANG, JUN

Bioengineering CollegeChongqing [email protected]

YANG, LIJU

Biomanufacturing Research Institute & TechnologyEnterprise, and Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurham, [email protected]

YANG, MENGSU

Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong [email protected]

YANG, RUEY-JEN

Department of Engineering ScienceNational Cheng Kung [email protected]

YANG, SEUNG-MAN

National CRI Center for Integrated Optofluidic Systemsand Department of Chemical and BiomolecularEngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and [email protected]

XXXII Contributors

YANG, SHU

Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PAUSA

YANG, SUNG

Department of Mechatronics, School of Informationand MechatronicsGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)Gwangju, Buk-guRepublic of [email protected]

YAP, Y. F.School of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

YASUDA, KENJI

Department of Biomedical Information, Divisionof BiosystemsInstitute of Biomaterials and BioengineeringTokyo Medical and Dental [email protected]

YE, NANNAN

Department of BiotechnologyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina

YE, WENJING

Department of Mechanical EngineeringHong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong [email protected]

YEO, LESLIE

Micro/Nanophysics Research LaboratoryMonash UniversityClayton, VICAustralia

YEOW, JOHN T.W.Department of Systems Design EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, [email protected]

YI, CHANGQING

Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong SAR

YOON, JEONG-YEOL

Department of Agricultural & Biosystems EngineeringThe University of ArizonaTucson, [email protected]

YOON, SEUNG-IL


YU, HONGYU


YU, QINGSONG

Department of Chemical EngineeringCenter for Surface Science and Plasma TechnologyUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbia, MOUSA

ZAHN, JEFFREY D.Department of Biomedical EngineeringRutgers, The State University of New JerseyPiscataway, [email protected]

ZENGERLE, ROLAND

Laboratory for MEMS ApplicationsDepartment of Microsystems EngineeringUniversity of [email protected]

Contributors XXXIII

ZHANG, DI

State Key Lab of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina

ZHANG, JUNFENG

School of EngineeringLaurentian UniverstiySudbury, [email protected]

ZHANG, YALI

School of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

ZHAO, SHIHUAI

Center for Microfibrous Materials ManufacturingChemical EngineeringAuburn UniversityAuburn, [email protected]

ZHENG, XIAOLIN

Bioengineering CollegeChongqing UniversityChongqingChina

ZHOU, HAN

State Key Lab of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina

Documents

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