ENGLISH C

OLONIE

S

Impact of Contact

-Colombus’ impression

-colonization by force

-effects of disease

-importation of Africans

-Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal

Impact of Contact

-Colombus’ impression

-colonization by force

-effects of disease

-importation of Africans

-Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal

Impact of Contact

-Colombus’ impression

-colonization by force

-effects of disease

-importation of Africans

-Treaty of Tordesillas between Spain and Portugal

Colombian Exchange

-transfer of goods between societies

-Americas sent corn, potatoes, squash, tomatoes, peanuts, tobacco

-Europe sent horses, cows, pigs, and technology

European Settlements

-European Settlements -as European nations began to settle the New World they settled in certain areas

-Spanish-- St. Augustine, Florida 1565

SW, Florida, Texas

-French– Canada, Mississippi R.

-Dutch—New York

-English—East Coast

First English Attempt

-Roanoke, NC

Sir Walter Raleigh

Lost Colony

John White

Virginia Dare

English Settlements

-Virginia Company

Jamestown, 1607

John Smith

Hard times

Powhatan

“Starving Time”

Jamestown

-more colonists

-1st democratic gov’t

House of Burgesses

-tobacco as a cash crop

John Rolfe

Pocahontas

-headright system

50 acres to each new colonist

-indentured servants

-first slaves imported

Clash with Indians

-desire for land led to conflicts

-European feelings of superiority

-no intermarriage with Indians groups

-fought wars with Powhatan Indians

-Virginia becomes royal colony so that King’s Army can protect settlers

First Rebellion

-Indian dispute on the frontier

-Colonists ask for protection from Virginia Gov’t, but were denied

-Nathaniel Bacon led the frontier colonists in a rebellion against the Virginia gov’t

-showed signs of discontent with leadership

Religious Reasons

-Henry VIII begins the Anglican Church

-Reformers want to rid the church of all Roman Catholic traditions

-Puritans

wanted to purify the Church of England

individual and congregational control of religion

Pilgrims

-Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion

-Plymouth Mass. 1620

-Mayflower Compact

set up direct democracy for the colony

-colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops

Thanksgiving

Squanto

-William Bradford

Pilgrim leader

“Of Plymouth Plantation”

Pilgrims

-Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion

-Plymouth Mass. 1620

-Mayflower Compact

set up direct democracy for the colony

-colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops

Thanksgiving

Squanto

-William Bradford

Pilgrim leader

“Of Plymouth Plantation”

Pilgrims

-Pilgrims also called Separatists because they wanted to practice their own religion

-Plymouth Mass. 1620

-Mayflower Compact

set up direct democracy for the colony

-colony struggled but received Indian help to grow crops

Thanksgiving

Squanto

-William Bradford

Pilgrim leader

“Of Plymouth Plantation”

Massachusetts Bay Company

-Puritans

-John Winthrop

-City on a Hill

be an example to the world

-connection between church and state

-strict adherence to Puritan rules

Puritan Dissent

-Roger Williams

Separation of Church and State

exiled from the colony

fled and founded Providence R.I.

-Anne Hutchinson

belief in individual worship

banished in famous trial

fled to R.I.

Puritan Dissent

-Roger Williams

Separation of Church and State

exiled from the colony

fled and founded Providence R.I.

-Anne Hutchinson

belief in individual worship

banished in famous trial

fled to R.I.

Indian Resistance

-some cooperation but short lived

-disease, land, and religion caused disputes

-Pequot War, 1637

massacre of Indians

-King Philip’s War

lots of deaths on both sides but colonists win and Indian resistance fades

New Netherlands

-Henry Hudson

-Englishman sailing for the Dutch

-Explored the Hudson R. and Hudson Bay areas

-Dutch found colony at New Amsterdam

-lots of different immigrants

-religious freedom

-English take colony in 1664

-renamed New York

-Part of the region divided into the colony of New Jersey

Rhode Island

-founded by Roger Williams

-land peaceably acquired from Indians

-based on religious freedoms that Williams promoted

-church and the government are separate

Connecticut

-founded by Thomas Hooker

-wanted more religious freedom than Massachusetts allowed

-disliked the requirement of citizens to be church members

-Fundamental Orders

first constitution in the nation

-William Penn

-Quakers

religious group who practiced worship without ministers and were pacifists

-Philadelphia

“City of Brotherly Love”

-fair treatment of Indians

-thriving colony

Pennsylvania

Maryland

-George Calvert

Lord Baltimore

-established as safe haven for English Catholics

-Catholics soon outnumbered

-Toleration Act guaranteed religious freedom

Maryland

-George Calvert

Lord Baltimore

-established as safe haven for English Catholics

-Catholics soon outnumbered

-Toleration Act guaranteed religious freedom

Carolina

-royal colony named after King Charles

-Charles Town became major port city

-large slave populations

-North Carolina created as refuge for the poor and dissenters

-remained thinly populated until mid 1700’s

Other Colonies

-Georgia

James Olgethorpe

haven for debtors

also was a buffer from Spanish areas

-NewHampshire and Maine

-founded by Puritan communities

-N.H. becomes royal colony

-Maine was eventually sold to Massachusetts and remained part of Mass. Until the 1820

Colonial System

-mercantilism

system of nations increasing their wealth and power through trade with colonies

-English wanted a favorable balance of trade which meant they sold more than they imported from colonies

-Social System

widely available prosperity

English Control

-colonies were very successful traders

-lumber, furs, fish, grain, tobacco sent to Europe

-large quantities of finished goods bought

-Parliament passes the Navigation Acts

Restricted how colonists could do business

Seeds of Independence

-Glorious Revolution in England, 1688

-Parliament becomes the dominant force in English government

-salutary neglect

very loose supervision of the colonies

-lack of control led to self government

religious, political, economic, and social freedoms

John Peter Zenger Trial