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Enneagram Of Personality
Presented by Ali BARAN
Instructor: SEMİHA FÜSUN AKDAĞ AYCİBİN
Origin
Meaning of PERSONALITY from the Greek words:
per and sonality
[mask] [sound behind the mask]
Meaning of ENNEAGRAM from the Greek words:
ennea and gramma
[nine] [something written or drawn]
The Enneagram Approach
Principally developed by Oscar Ichazo and Claudio
Naranjo, it is also partly based on earlier
teachings of G. I. Gurdjieff.
It has been described as a method for self-
understanding and self-development but has been
criticized as being subject to interpretation,
making it difficult to test or validate scientifically
About the Enneagram Approach
There are some of the connections between the
types.
There are 3 different main schools of thought among
Enneagram
Its interpretation is not always unified or consistent.
Depends of the theorists ways of interpretation.
About the Enneagram Approach
The Enneagram of Personality is not a typology that is
commonly taught or researched in academic psychology.
It has been widely promoted in both business
management and spiritual contexts In business contexts
it is generally used as a typology to gain insights into
workplace dynamics; in spirituality it is more commonly
presented as a path to higher states
of being, essence and enlightenment.
Type Characteristic Role
Ego Fixation Holy Idea Basic Fear Basic Desire
1 Reformer Resentment Perfection Corruptness, İmbalance, being bad
Goodness, integrity, balance
2 Helper Flattery-Ingratiation-
Freedom, Will
Being unloved
To feel Love
3 Achiever Vanity Hope, Law Worthlessness
To feel valuable
4 Individualist Melancholy-Fantasizing-
Origin Having no identity or significance
To be uniquely themselves
5 Investigator Stinginess-Retention-
Omniscience, Transparency
Helplessness, incapable, incompetent
Mastery
6 Loyalist Cowardice-Worrying-
Faith Being without support or guidance
To have support and guidance
7 Enthusiast Planning -Anticipation-
Wisdom,Plan
Being trapped in pain and deprivation
To be satisfied and content
8 Challenger Vengeance-Objectification-
Truth Being harmed, controlled, violated
Self-protection
9 Peacemaker Indolence-Daydreaming-
Love Loss, fragmentation, separation
Wholeness,Peace of mind
Type
Temptation Vice/Passion Virtue Stress
Security
1 Hypocrisy,hypercriticism
Anger Serenity 4 7
2 Deny own needs, manipulation
Pride Humility 8 4
3 Pushing self to always be “the best”
Deceit Truthfulness, Authenticity
9 6
4 To overruse imagination in search of self
Envy Equanimity (Emotional Balance)
2 1
5 Replacing direct experience with concepts
Avarice Non-attachment
7 8
6 Indecision, doubt, seeking reassurance
Fear Courage 3 9
7 Thinking fulfillment is somewhere else
Gluttony Sobriety 1 5
8 Thinking they are completely self-sufficient
Lust(Forcefullness)
Innocence 5 2
9 Avoiding conflicts, avoiding self-assertion
Sloth(Disengagement)
Action 6 3
Type One in Brief Ones are conscientious and ethical, with a strong sense of right and wrong. They are
teachers, crusaders, and advocates for change: always striving to improve things, but afraid of making a mistake. Well-organized, orderly, and fastidious, they try to maintain high standards, but can slip into being critical and perfectionistic. They typically have problems with resentment and impatience. At their Best: wise, discerning, realistic, and noble. Can be morally heroic. Basic Fear: Of being corrupt/evil, defective Basic Desire: To be good, to have integrity, to be balanced
Enneagram One with a Nine-Wing: "The Idealist" Enneagram One with a Two-Wing: "The Advocate"
Key Motivations: Want to be right, to strive higher and improve everything, to be consistent with their ideals, to justify themselves, to be beyond criticism so as not to be condemned by anyone.
The Meaning of the Arrows (in brief) When moving in their Direction of Disintegration (stress), methodical Ones suddenly
become moody and irrational at Four. However, when moving in their Direction of Integration (growth), angry, critical Ones become more spontaneous and joyful, like healthy Sevens.
Examples:
Mahatma Gandhi, Hilary Clinton, Al Gore, John Paul II,
Elliot Spitzer , Sandra Day O'Connor, John Bradshaw, Bill
Moyers, Martha Stewart, Ralph Nader, Katherine
Hepburn, Harrison Ford, Vanessa Redgrave, Jane Fonda,
Meryl Streep, George Harrison, Celene Dion, Joan Baez,
George Bernard Shaw, Noam Chomsky, Michael Dukakis,
Margaret Thatcher, Rudolph Guliani, Jerry Brown, Jane
Curtin, Gene Siskel, William F. Buckley, Kenneth Starr,
Type Two in Brief Twos are empathetic, sincere, and warm-hearted. They are friendly, generous, and
self-sacrificing, but can also be sentimental, flattering, and people-pleasing. They are well-meaning and driven to be close to others, but can slip into doing things for others in order to be needed. They typically have problems with possessiveness and with acknowledging their own needs. At their Best: unselfish and altruistic, they have unconditional love for others. Basic Fear: Of being unwanted, unworthy of being loved Basic Desire: To feel loved
Enneagram Two with a One-Wing: "Servant" Enneagram Two with a Three-Wing: "The Host/Hostess“
Key Motivations: Want to be loved, to express their feelings for others, to be needed and appreciated, to get others to respond to them, to vindicate their claims about themselves.
The Meaning of the Arrows (in brief) When moving in their Direction of Disintegration (stress), needy Twos suddenly
become aggressive and dominating at Eight. However, when moving in their Direction of Integration (growth), prideful, self-deceptive Twos become more self-nurturing and emotionally aware, like healthy Fours.
Examples:
Mother Teresa, Barbara Bush, Eleanor
Roosevelt, Leo Buscaglia, Monica Lewinsky,
Bill Cosby, Barry Manilow, Lionel Richie, Kenny
G., Luciano Pavarotti, Lillian Carter, Sammy
Davis, Jr., Martin Sheen, Robert Fulghum, Alan
Alda, Richard Thomas, Jack Paar, Sally Jessy
Raphael, Bishop Desmond Tutu, Ann Landers,
Type Three in Brief Threes are self-assured, attractive, and charming. Ambitious, competent, and
energetic, they can also be status-conscious and highly driven for advancement. They are diplomatic and poised, but can also be overly concerned with their image and what others think of them. They typically have problems with workaholism and competitiveness. At their Best: self-accepting, authentic, everything they seem to be—role models who inspire others. Basic Fear: Of being worthless Basic Desire: To feel valuable and worthwhile
Enneagram Three with a Two-Wing: "The Charmer" Enneagram Three with a Four-Wing: "The Professional"
Key Motivations:Want to be affirmed, to distinguish themselves from others, to have attention, to be admired, and to impress others.
The Meaning of the Arrows (in brief) When moving in their Direction of Disintegration (stress), driven Threes suddenly
become disengaged and apathetic at Nine. However, when moving in their Direction of Integration (growth), vain, deceitful Threes become more cooperative and committed to others, like healthy Sixes.
Examples:
Bill Clinton, Oprah Winfrey, Jane Pauley,
Michael Landon, Tony Robbins, Tom Cruise,
Barbra Streisand, Sharon Stone, Madonna,
Shirley MacLaine, Sting, Paul McCartney, Dick
Clark, Whitney Houston, Ted Danson, Michael
Jordan, Shania Twain, Sylvester Stallone,
Arnold Schwarznegger, Billy Dee Williams,
Kathy Lee Gifford, Truman Capote, O.J.
Simpson, and Barack Obama.
Type Four in Brief Fours are self-aware, sensitive, and reserved. They are emotionally honest, creative, and
personal, but can also be moody and self-conscious. Withholding themselves from others due to feeling vulnerable and defective, they can also feel disdainful and exempt from ordinary ways of living. They typically have problems with melancholy, self-indulgence, and self-pity. At their Best: inspired and highly creative, they are able to renew themselves and transform their experiences. Basic Fear: That they have no identity or personal significance Basic Desire: To find themselves and their significance (to create an identity)
Enneagram Four with a Three-Wing: "The Aristocrat" Enneagram Four with a Five-Wing: "The Bohemian"
Key Motivations: Want to express themselves and their individuality, to create and surround themselves with beauty, to maintain certain moods and feelings, to withdraw to protect their self-image, to take care of emotional needs before attending to anything else, to attract a "rescuer."
The Meaning of the Arrows (in brief) When moving in their Direction of Disintegration (stress), aloof Fours suddenly become
over-involved and clinging at Two. However, when moving in their Direction of Integration (growth), envious, emotionally turbulent Fours become more objective and principled, like healthy Ones.
Examples:
Ingmar Bergman, Alan Watts, Sarah
McLachlan, Alanis Morrisette, Paul Simon,
Jeremy Irons, Patrick Stewart, Joseph Fiennes,
Martha Graham, Bob Dylan, Miles Davis,
Johnny Depp, Anne Rice, Rudolph Nureyev,
J.D. Salinger, Anaîs Nin, Marcel Proust, Maria
Callas, Tennessee Williams, Edgar Allan Poe,
Annie Lennox, Prince, Michael Jackson, Virginia
Woolf, Judy Garland,
Type Five in Brief Fives are alert, insightful, and curious. They are able to concentrate and focus on
developing complex ideas and skills. Independent, innovative, and inventive, they can also become preoccupied with their thoughts and imaginary constructs. They become detached, yet high-strung and intense. They typically have problems with eccentricity, nihilism, and isolation. At their Best: visionary pioneers, often ahead of their time, and able to see the world in an entirely new way. Basic Fear: Being useless, helpless, or incapable Basic Desire: To be capable and competent
Enneagram Five with a Four-Wing: "The Iconoclast" Enneagram Five with a Six-Wing: "The Problem Solver"
Key Motivations:Want to possess knowledge, to understand the environment, to have everything figured out as a way of defending the self from threats from the environment.
The Meaning of the Arrows (in brief) When moving in their Direction of Disintegration (stress), detached Fives suddenly
become hyperactive and scattered at Seven. However, when moving in their Direction of Integration (growth), avaricious, detached Fives become more self-confident and decisive, like healthy Eights.
Examples:
Albert Einstein, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates,
Georgia O'Keefe, Stanley Kubrick, John
Lennon, Lily Tomlin, Gary Larson, Laurie
Anderson, Merce Cunningham, Meredith Monk,
James Joyce, Björk, Susan Sontag, Emily
Dickinson, Agatha Christie, Ursula K. LeGuin,
Jane Goodall, Glenn Gould, John Cage, Bobby
Fischer, Tim Burton, David Lynch, Stephen
King, Clive Barker, Trent Reznor, Friedrich
Nietzsche, Vincent Van Gogh, Kurt Cobain,
Jodie Foster,
Type Six in Brief The committed, security-oriented type. Sixes are reliable, hard-working, responsible,
and trustworthy. Excellent "troubleshooters," they foresee problems and foster cooperation, but can also become defensive, evasive, and anxious—running on stress while complaining about it. They can be cautious and indecisive, but also reactive, defiant and rebellious. They typically have problems with self-doubt and suspicion. At their Best: internally stable and self-reliant, courageously championing themselves and others. Basic Fear: Of being without support and guidance Basic Desire: To have security and support
Enneagram Six with a Five-Wing: "The Defender" Enneagram Six with a Seven-Wing: "The Buddy"
Key Motivations: Want to have security, to feel supported by others, to have certitude and reassurance, to test the attitudes of others toward them, to fight against anxiety and insecurity.
The Meaning of the Arrows (in brief) When moving in their Direction of Disintegration (stress), dutiful Sixes suddenly
become competitive and arrogant at Three. However, when moving in their Direction of Integration (growth), fearful, pessimistic Sixes become more relaxed and optimistic, like healthy Nine.
Examples:
Robert F. Kennedy, Malcolm X, Princess Diana,
George H. W. Bush, Tom Hanks, Bruce
Springsteen, Candice Bergen, Gilda Radner,
Meg Ryan, Helen Hunt, Mel Gibson, Patrick
Swayze, Julia Roberts, Phil Donahue, Jay Leno,
John Goodman, Diane Keaton, Woody Allen,
David Letterman, Andy Rooney, Jessica Lange,
Tom Clancy, J. Edgar Hoover, Richard Nixon
Type Seven in Brief Sevens are extroverted, optimistic, versatile, and spontaneous. Playful, high-spirited, and
practical, they can also misapply their many talents, becoming over- extended, scattered, and undisciplined. They constantly seek new and exciting experiences, but can become distracted and exhausted by staying on the go. They typically have problems with impatience and impulsiveness. At their Best: they focus their talents on worthwhile goals, becoming appreciative, joyous, and satisfied. Basic Fear: Of being deprived and in pain Basic Desire: To be satisfied and content—to have their needs fulfilled
Enneagram Seven with a Six-Wing: "The Entertainer" Enneagram Seven with an Eight-Wing: "The Realist"
Key Motivations:Want to maintain their freedom and happiness, to avoid missing out on worthwhile experiences, to keep themselves excited and occupied, to avoid and discharge pain.
The Meaning of the Arrows (in brief) When moving in their Direction of Disintegration (stress), scattered Sevens suddenly
become perfectionistic and critical at One. However, when moving in their Direction of Integration (growth), gluttonous, scattered Sevens become more focused and fascinated by life, like healthy Fives.
Examples:
John F. Kennedy, Benjamin Franklin, Leonard
Bernstein, Leonardo DiCaprio, Kate Winslet,
Elizabeth Taylor, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart,
Steven Spielberg, Federico Fellini, Richard
Feynman, Timothy Leary, Robin Williams, Jim
Carey, Mike Myers, Cameron Diaz, Bette
Midler, Chuck Berry, Elton John, Mick Jagger,
Gianni Versace, Liza Minelli, Joan Collins,
Malcolm Forbes, Noel Coward, Sarah
Ferguson, Larry King, Joan Rivers, Regis Philbin
Type Eight in Brief: Eights are self-confident, strong, and assertive. Protective, resourceful, straight-talking,
and decisive, but can also be ego-centric and domineering. Eights feel they must control their environment, especially people, sometimes becoming confrontational and intimidating. Eights typically have problems with their tempers and with allowing themselves to be vulnerable. At their Best: self- mastering, they use their strength to improve others' lives, becoming heroic, magnanimous, and inspiring. Basic Fear: Of being harmed or controlled by others Basic Desire: To protect themselves (to be in control of their own life and destiny)
Enneagram Eight with a Seven-Wing: "The Maverick" Enneagram Eight with a Nine-Wing: "The Bear"
Key Motivations:Want to be self-reliant, to prove their strength and resist weakness, to be important in their world, to dominate the environment, and to stay in control of their situation.
The Meaning of the Arrows (in brief) When moving in their Direction of Disintegration (stress), self-confident Eights suddenly
become secretive and fearful at Five. However, when moving in their Direction of Integration (growth), lustful, controlling Eights become more open-hearted and caring, like healthy Twos.
Examples: Martin Luther King, Jr., Franklin Roosevelt,
Lyndon Johnson, Mikhail Gorbachev, G.I. Gurdjieff, Pablo Picasso, Richard Wagner, Sean Connery, Susan Sarandon, Glenn Close, John Wayne, Charlton Heston, Norman Mailer, Mike Wallace, Barbara Walters, Ann Richards, Toni Morrison, Lee Iococca, Donald Trump, Frank Sinatra, Bette Davis, Roseanne Barr, James Brown, Chrissie Hynde, Courtney Love, Leona Helmsley, Sigourney Weaver, Fidel Castro, Saddham Hussein, Muhammed Ali
Type Nine in Brief Nines are accepting, trusting, and stable. They are usually creative, optimistic, and
supportive, but can also be too willing to go along with others to keep the peace. They want everything to go smoothly and be without conflict, but they can also tend to be complacent, simplifying problems and minimizing anything upsetting. They typically have problems with inertia and stubbornness. At their Best: indomitable and all-embracing, they are able to bring people together and heal conflicts. Basic Fear: Of loss and separation Basic Desire: To have inner stability "peace of mind"
Enneagram Nine with an Eight-Wing: "The Referee" Enneagram Nine with a One-Wing: "The Dreamer"
Key Motivations:Want to create harmony in their environment, to avoid conflicts and tension, to preserve things as they are, to resist whatever would upset or disturb them.
The Meaning of the Arrows (in brief) When moving in their Direction of Disintegration (stress), complacent Nines suddenly
become anxious and worried at Six. However, when moving in their Direction of Integration (growth), slothful, self-neglecting Nines become more self-developing and energetic, like healthy Threes.
Examples:
Abraham Lincoln, Joseph Campbell, Carl Jung,
Ronald Reagan, Gerald Ford, Queen Elizabeth
II, Princess Grace, Walter Cronkite, George
Lucas, Walt Disney, John Kennedy, Jr., Sophia
Loren, Geena Davis, Lisa Kudrow, Kevin
Costner, Keanu Reeves, Woody Harrelson, Ron
Howard, Matthew Broderick, Ringo Starr,
Whoopi Goldberg, Janet Jackson, Nancy
Kerrigan, Jim Hensen, Marc Chagall, Norman
Rockwell,
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