ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME - … Farm Piggery Aliwal North TK290... · APPENDIX F ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME ENDWELL FARM PIGGERY, ALIWAL NORTH, EASTERN CAPE Prepared

APPENDIX F

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME

ENDWELL FARM PIGGERY, ALIWAL NORTH, EASTERN CAPE

Prepared for:

Prepared by:

Number Two Piggeries EOH Coastal & Environmental Services

Endwell Farm Aliwal North

9750

Grahamstown P.O. Box 934

Grahamstown, 6140

South Africa South Africa

FEBRUARY 2016

Environmental Management Programme

EOH Coastal & Environmental Services i Number Two Piggeries

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................. I LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................... I LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................ I 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Environmental Management Programme ........................................................................ 1 1.2 Application of this document ............................................................................................ 1 1.3 Contents of the Environmental Management Programme ................................................ 1 1.4 Details of the Environmental Assessment Practitioner ..................................................... 3

2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Project Activities .............................................................................................................. 5 2.2 Listed Activities .............................................................................................................. 10

3 LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENT, GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS .................................... 11 3.1 Statutory and other Applicable Legislation and Standards ............................................. 11

4 A SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS IDENTIFIED .................................................................................................................................. 13 5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ..................................................................... 14 5.1 Environmental Policy ..................................................................................................... 14 5.2 Management Structure .................................................................................................. 14 5.3 Environmental Objectives and Targets .......................................................................... 14 5.4 Roles and Responsibilities ............................................................................................. 15 5.5 Compliance Monitoring and Corrective Action ............................................................... 16 5.6 Reporting and Review ................................................................................................... 17 5.7 Monitoring...................................................................................................................... 17 5.8 Emergency Preparedness and Response ..................................................................... 17 5.9 Environmental Incident Management ............................................................................. 18 5.10 Management Review ..................................................................................................... 18

6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL ............................................................... 19 APPENDIX A – CURRICULUM VITAE & SPECIALIST DECLARATION ..................................... 22 APPENDIX B - ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION PROGRAMME ............................................... 33 APPENDIX C – METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACTS ...................... 41

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: The waste product flow chart ........................................................................................ 6 Figure 2.2: Location of the Endwell Farm Piggery ........................................................................... 7 Figure 2.3: Layout of the Endwell Farm Piggery .............................................................................. 8 Figure 2.4: Environmentally sensitive features identified on site ...................................................... 9

LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: Contents of an EMPr ...................................................................................................... 1 Table 2.1: Dimensions of infrastructure ........................................................................................... 5 Table 2.2: Listed Activities ............................................................................................................ 10 Table 3.1: South African waste, effluent and emission standards and guidelines .......................... 11 Table 4.1: Summary of impacts identified for the operations phase of the piggery ........................ 13 Table 6.1: Mitigation measures recommended for the Endwell Farm Piggery ............................... 19


EOH Coastal & Environmental Services 1 Number Two Piggeries

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Environmental Management Programme The purpose of this Environmental Management Programme (EMPr) is to ensure “good environmental practice‟ by taking a holistic approach to the management of environmental impacts during the operation of the Endwell Farm Piggery. This EMPr therefore sets out the methods by which proper environmental controls are to be implemented by the piggery’s management. This EMPr identifies the following:

Operation activities that will impact on the environment;

Specifications with which the piggery’s management shall comply in order to protect the environment from the identified impacts; and

Actions that shall be taken in the event of non-compliance. The EMPr should be seen as a dynamic document that can be updated as new information becomes available. Some mitigation measures can be relaxed when they are not applicable, and additional mitigation measures should be introduced when necessary.

1.2 Application of this document This EMPr:

Specifies requirements and procedures for monitoring, auditing and reporting; and

Serves as a monitoring and auditing reference tool for ensuring compliance with the provisions of the EMPr.

All management actions necessary to ensure minimal environmental impacts have been included.

1.3 Contents of the Environmental Management Programme Appendix 4 of Government Notice Regulation 982 of 4 December 2014, specifies the contents of an EMPr which are represented here in Table 1.1. The section(s) within this EMPr where relevant details can be found are provided. Table 1.1: Contents of an EMPr



Requirement according to Appendix 4 of GNR 982 Section

1. An EMPr must comply with section 24N of the Act and include- a. details of

i. the EAP who prepared the EMPr; and

Section 1.4 and Appendix A

ii. the expertise of that EAP to prepare an EMPr, including a curriculum vitae;

b. a detailed description of the aspects of the activity that are covered by the EMPr as identified by the project description;

Chapter 2

c. a map at an appropriate scale which superimposes the proposed activity, its associated structures, and infrastructure on the environmental sensitivities of the preferred site, indicating any areas that any areas that should be avoided, including buffers;

Figure 2.4

d. a description of the impact management objectives, including management statements, identifying the impacts and risks that need to be avoided, managed and mitigated as identified through the environmental impact assessment process for all phases of the development including-

Chapter 4 and Chapter 6

i. planning and design; Not applicable as piggery currently in operation.

ii. pre-construction activities; Not applicable as piggery is currently in operation.

iii. construction activities; Not applicable as piggery currently in operation

iv. rehabilitation of the environment after construction and where applicable post closure; and

Chapter 6

v. where relevant, operation activities;

e. a description and identification of impact management outcomes required for the aspects contemplated in paragraph (d);

Chapter 6

f. a description of proposed impact management actions, identifying the manner in which the impact management objectives and outcomes contemplated in paragraphs (d) and (e) will be achieved, and must, where applicable, include actions to -

i. avoid, modify, remedy, control or stop any action, activity or process which causes pollution or environmental degradation;


ii. comply with any prescribed environmental management standards or practices;

iii. comply with any applicable provisions of the Act regarding closure, where applicable; and

A closure plan is required for an application that involves mineral or petroleum resources; or closure of a facility. Neither of these conditions applies to this application and therefore a closure plan is not included.

iv. comply with any provisions of the Act regarding financial provisions for rehabilitation, where applicable;

The piggery:

Is not related to mineral or petroleum activities;

Therefore no financial provision for rehabilitation has been made.

g. the method of monitoring the implementation of the impact management actions contemplated in paragraph (f);


h. the frequency of monitoring the implementation of the impact management actions contemplated in paragraph (f);

Table 6.1

i. an indication of the persons who will be responsible for the implementation of the impact management actions;

j. the time periods within which the impact management actions contemplated in paragraph (f) must be implemented;



k. the mechanism for monitoring compliance with the impact management actions contemplated in paragraph (f);

Chapter 5 and Chapter 6 Section 3.2

l. a program for reporting on compliance, taking into account the requirements as prescribed by the Regulations;

m. an environmental awareness plan describing the manner in which- i. the applicant intends to inform his or her employees

of any environmental risk which may result from their work; and

Appendix B - Environmental education program

ii. risks must be dealt with in order to avoid pollution or the degradation of the environment; and

n. any specific information that may be required by the competent authority.

None at time of writing.

1.4 Details of the Environmental Assessment Practitioner EOH Coastal & Environmental Services (CES) specialises in Impact Assessment and Environmental Management. Since our establishment in 1990, CES has grown into one of the largest specialist environmental consulting companies in South Africa. We believe that a balance between development and environmental protection can be achieved by skilful, considerate and careful project planning, the development and implementation of comprehensive and robust environmental monitoring programmes and regular and careful auditing of performance against relevant standards. The primary purposes of such monitoring and auditing, which may cover both the construction and operational phases of a project, are to ensure that the residual environmental impacts of a development are minimised and that deviations from the required standards of environmental performances are identified and remedied. The development, implementation and interpretation of environmental monitoring programmes and environmental and social auditing require a sound understanding of the relevant standards of performance as well as the affected biophysical and social systems and a comprehension and critically assess of monitoring data. In addition to the above, auditing often requires an ability to understand the technical details of a broad range of industrial operations and Environmental Management Systems. With our in-house experience in terrestrial, marine and freshwater ecology, Social Impact Assessments (SIAs) and waste management, CES is well-placed to provide such services. CES has an enviable record of developing and implementing environmental procedures as well as designing and auditing management systems, including ISO 14001 EMS. We also have a demonstrated ability to develop and implement Integrated Environmental Management Plans/Programs (IEMP) with customised standard operating procedures for large and complex projects. Many of these environmental monitoring programmes have been rigorously reviewed by parties such as the World Bank, MIGA, European Investment Bank, IFC and the African Development Bank which have confirmed our reputation for producing quality products. CES staff are all exceptionally well qualified with many being recognised experts in their particular discipline. Several of our staff hold PhD degrees and most have post-graduate qualifications in the environmental sciences with both national and international certifications. Team makeup: Dr Eric E Igbinigie Pr.Sci.Nat. Role: Project Manager / Report review Eric holds a PhD in Environmental Biotechnology, a registered Professional Natural Scientist (Pr.Sci.Nat.) and a certified EMS ISO 14001:2004 Auditor (IRCA). He is a seasoned environmental consultant with project experience in different industry sectors across Africa including mining, oil and gas, agro-industry and water/effluent treatment facilities in developing countries financed by Equator



Principles Financial Institutions such as the IFC, AFC, FMO, SWEDFUND, DEG and AfDB. Eric‟s areas of expertise include Scoping and EIA, Integrated Waste Management Plans, IFC Performance Standards on E&S Sustainability (2012) compliance assessment, EMS ISO 14001:2004, Waste and Wastewater Impact/Quality Assessment, Bioremediation and Environmental Site Assessment (Phases I, II & III). Apart from his wealth of experience as an environmental consultant, he has an outstanding record in research and academic scholarship with Rhodes University, yielding sound scholarly publications and a patented technology for the rehabilitation and re-vegetation of coal mined land, which is currently in use in South Africa. Mr Thomas King Role: Report production and Public Participation Thomas holds a BSc degree with specialisation in Zoology from the University of Pretoria and an Honours degree in Biodiversity and Conservation from Rhodes University. As part of his Honours degree, Thomas was trained in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) in addition to the required biological sciences courses. His honours thesis investigated the rate at which Subtropical Thicket recovers naturally after heavy grazing by ostriches (Struthio camelus). At CES he has been involved in EIAs for numerous wind energy developments, a chicken rearing facility, numerous mining developments and has fulfilled the role of Environmental Control Officer (ECO) at the Kenmare Heavy Minerals mine in northern Mozambique. Contact details: Dr Eric Igbinigie EOH Coastal and Environmental Services Block D, Gillooly’s View Office Park 1 Osborne Lane, Bedfordview 2007 011 607 8469 [email protected]



2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Project Activities Endwell Farms (Pty) Ltd proposes to expand its existing piggery facility, No.2 Piggeries, located on the farm “Melk Spruit” (Farm number: 12) portion 5. This farm is located about 3.5km to the south west of Aliwal North. The proposed expansion of the piggery (fattening) facility will result in the housing of between 4,000 and 4,200 pigs in pig sheds of 4,574 m² in size equating to between 1.14 m2 and 1.09 m2 per pig. The piggery is located within an access-controlled area of approximately 54,500 m2. The dimensions and the list of the site infrastructure are presented in Table 2.1 below. Table 2.1: Dimensions of infrastructure

Name Area (m²)

Fresh water dam 6648.4

Slurry dam 6121.6

Pig shed 4573.4

Vermicast production 2204.0

Dead animal disposal area 1647.3

Whey dam 93.5

Office and stock room 126.9

Canteen 78.3

Sawdust storage 277.0

The pigs are housed in fully slatted or partially slatted floors. No bedding or sawdust is used. The manure (solids and liquids) excreted by the animals falls through the slatted floor. The manure is temporally stored under the slatted floor in an effluent holding pit until the “flushing plug” is opened daily to release the effluent, which flows in a pipe to a slurry sump. It is then pumped from the slurry sump through a fixed separator which separates any solids from the sludge. The liquid is pumped to a holding pond to be recycled while the solids are concentrated and composted, and then sold to local farmers as manure. A windrow composting method is used. The pigs produce 28,000 litres of effluent per day. The effluent is a mixture of faeces, urine, and wash water. This effluent is separated into solids and liquids, using a rotary or static separator. The solids are loaded to a large compost heap, where it is broken down by various worms to produce a nutrient-rich organic material which is sold locally or collected by local crop farmers who fertilise their fields with the compost. The liquid is transferred to a reservoir. Liquid from the reservoir is recycled back to the pig pens, and is flushed under the slatted area where they are kept. It gathers faeces and urine again, and goes through the separator, eventually ending in the reservoir. Some liquid evaporates, and is replaced with water from a nearby abandoned quarry pit. Pig mortalities estimated to be between 1,000 and 2,000 kg/month are expected at the facility and will be dealt with by donating the carcasses to lion parks or burial on a portion of land within the facility. The process flow shown in Figure 2.1 can be summarized as follows:

1. Slurry is removed from the building by way of 315mm class 4 drain pipes. 2. Slurry is then deposited in a slurry pump sump with a capacity of 78m3. 3. The slurry sump is 1m higher than the slurry pipe to prevent spill.



4. From this sump the slurry is pumped with a slurry pump with a capacity of 45m3 per hour to a fixed separator with a capacity of 50m3 per hour.

5. The separator filters solids from the slurry through a screen of 250 microns. 6. The screened water is then deposited into the water storage dam with 1,000m3 volume. 7. The solid is deposited on a concrete slab and composted. 8. The water is recycled i.e. used to flush the pig pens again.

Dead pigs are buried in a nearby pit within the property. Sometimes the dead pigs are collected by farmers, who feed the carcasses to lions at lion farms.

Figure 2.1: The waste product flow chart Figure 2.2 shows the location of the piggery in relation to Aliwal North. Figure 2.3 shows the layout of the piggery facilities, while Figure 2.4 shows the sensitivity features identified on site.



Figure 2.2: Location of the Endwell Farm Piggery



Figure 2.3: Layout of the Endwell Farm Piggery



Figure 2.4: Environmentally sensitive features identified on site



2.2 Listed Activities As a result of the above project activities the following listed activities are triggered (Table 2.2). Table 2.2: Listed Activities

RELEVANT NOTICE ACTIVITY NO. DESCRIPTION

NEMA EIA GNR 983 OF 2014 - LISTING NOTICE 1

39 The piggery houses between 4,000 and 4,200 growing pigs. Since the pig sheds are 4,574 m² in size, this means that each pig has between 1.14 m2 and 1.09 m2 of space. This density exceeds the 8 m2 per small stock unit threshold.

LISTED WASTE ACTIVITY ACCORDING TO GN R 921 OF 2013 – CATEGORY A

1 540 m3 per month of liquid effluent is produced. This is stored in a nearby reservoir (lagoon) and recycled.

3 The operational area of the proposed activity is located within an access-controlled area of approximately 54,500 m2.

13 The proposed development is the expansion of an existing piggery to accommodate between 4,000 and 4,200 growing pigs.



3 LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENT, GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS The operation of the piggery facility will be in accordance with local and national legal requirement and best industry practices, as identified and required by the industry sector standards and guidelines. This EMPr, which forms an integral part of the contract documents, informs the employees as to relevant environmental duties in the fulfilment of the project objectives, with particular reference to the prevention and mitigation of environmental impacts caused by the operation activities associated with the piggery farm. The management of Endwell Farms understands that obligations imposed by the approved EMPr are legally binding in terms of environmental statutory legislation and in terms of the additional conditions to the general conditions of contract that pertain to this project. In the event that any rights and obligations contained in this document contradict those specified in the standard or project specifications then the latter shall prevail.

3.1 Statutory and other Applicable Legislation and Standards The Management of Endwell Farms shall identify and comply with all South African National and Provincial environmental legislation, including associated regulations and all local by-laws that are relevant to the project. Key legislation currently applicable to the operation phase of the project must be complied with. The list of applicable legislation provided below is intended to serve as a guideline only and is not exhaustive:-

The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act 108 of 1996

National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998

National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act 10 of 2004

National Water Act 36 of 1998

Animal Health Act, 2002 (Act No. 7 of 2002)

Hazardous Substances Act 15 of 1973

Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Act 45 of 1965

National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act 39 of 2004

National Environmental Management: Waste Management Act 59 of 2008

Health Act 63 of 1977

Occupational Health and Safety Act 85 of 1993 South Africa has developed its own effluent and emission standards for liquid and solid wastes. These are contained in a number of documents, as listed in Table 3.1. Table 3.1: South African waste, effluent and emission standards and guidelines

Sector Relevant Documentations

Solid Waste

National Waste Management Strategy (GN344 of 2012)

Minimum Requirements for the Handling, Classification and Disposal of Hazardous Waste, 2nd ed. (DWAF, 1998)

Minimum Requirements for Waste Disposal by Landfill, 2nd ed. (DWAF, 1998)

Minimum Requirements for Water Monitoring at Waste Management Facilities, 2nd ed. (DWAF, 1998)

White Paper on Integrated Pollution and Waste Management for South Africa (2000)

National Norms and Standards for the Storage of Waste, Government Notice 926 of 2013

National policy for the Provision of Basic Refuse Removal Services to Indigent Households (DEA, 2010)

National Domestic Waste Collection Standards, Government Notice 21 of 2011



Sector Relevant Documentations

Waste Classification and Management Regulations, Government Notice R634 of 2013

National Norms and Standards for the Assessment of Waste for Landfill Disposal, Government Notice R635 of 2013

National Norms and Standards for Disposal of Waste to Landfill, Government Notice R636 of 2013

Guidelines for the Utilization and Disposal of Wastewater Sludge (Vol.1 to 5) and in particular, Requirements for the agricultural use of sludge V2 DWAF, 2006

Waste Classification and Management Regulations GN634 of 2013

National Norms and Standards for the Remediation of Contaminated Land and Soil Quality GN311 of 2014

National Waste Information Regulations 718 of 2010

Animal carcass disposal regulated under the Animal Health Act, 2002 (Act No. 7 of 2002)

Water Quality

SANS 241-1:2011: Drinking Water Specifications. Part 1: Microbiological, Physical, Aesthetic and Chemical Determinants

SANS 241-2:2011: Application of SANS 241-1:2011

South African Water Quality Guidelines series, Vol. 1–8, (DWAF, 1996)

General Authorisations, Government Gazette NO. 20526 of 1999

Water Quality Management - Catchment Management Series 8.1 to 8.3 (DWAF, 2001)

National Guideline for the Discharge of Effluent from Land-based Sources into the Coastal Environment. Published in terms of Section 83(1)f and 83(1)g of the National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Act, 2008 (Act No. 24 of 2008)

Noise

The Measurement and Rating of Environmental Noise with Respect to Annoyance and to Speech Communication, SANS 10103:2008

Methods for Environmental Noise Impact Assessments, SANS 10328:2008

Various Local government by-laws

Air Quality

Framework for setting and implementing national Ambient Air Quality Standards, SANS 69:2004

Ambient Air Quality – Limits for Common Pollutants, SANS 1929:2005

National Ambient Air Quality Standards, Government Notice No. 1210, December 2009

SANS 1929:2011: Air Quality Standard limits

Model Air Quality Management By-Law for Easy Adoption by Municipalities. Notice 579 of 2010

National Ambient Air Quality Standards of 2009

National Dust Control Regulations. Notice 827 of 2013

The Management of Endwell Farms shall establish and maintain procedures to keep track of, document and ensure compliance with environmental legislative changes.



4 A SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS IDENTIFIED

This section provides a summary of an assessment of the pre-mitigation significance as well as the post-mitigation significance of the potential environmental impacts that may result from the activities associated with the development. In terms of rating of potential environmental impacts, the standard CES rating system was applied (see Appendix C). Table 4.1: Summary of impacts identified for the operations phase of the piggery

Impact 1: Waste management

Impact

Effect Risk or

Likelihood Overall

Significance Temporal Scale

Spatial Scale Severity of Impact

Without Mitigation

Long term Study area Moderate May occur MOD -

With Mitigation Long term Study area Moderate Unlikely No impact

Impact 2: Wastewater

Impact

Effect Risk or

Likelihood Overall



Without Mitigation

Long term Study area Moderate May occur MOD -


Impact 3: Air emissions

Impact

Effect Risk or

Likelihood Overall



Without Mitigation

Long term Study area Moderate May occur LOW -




5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM The Management of Endwell Farm Piggery will develop an Environmental Management System (EMS) that is commensurate to the size and scale of the project and will be set up to develop and implement its environmental policy and manage its environmental aspects. Details of the relevant elements of the piggery EMS are presented.

5.1 Environmental Policy The management of Endwell Farm Piggery will compile an environmental management policy, which will consider the following:

The management’s mission, vision and core values;

Guiding principles;

The need to work towards continual improvement;

The obligation to prevent pollution and ecological degradation;

The importance of coordination with other organisational policies (e.g. quality, occupational health and safety, etc.);

Reference to specific local and/or regional conditions; and

A commitment to compliance with relevant environmental laws, regulations, by-laws and other criteria to which it subscribes.

The Environmental policy, once approved by Top management of Endwell Farm Piggery will be communicated to all employees and contractors (and sub-contractors), and readily made available to the public, if requested.

5.2 Management Structure In line with this EMPr, the management of Endwell Farms shall prepare an organogram that clearly outlines the chain of command, demonstrating the environmental responsibilities, accountability and liability of its employees. Responsibilities shall be clearly designed as required for the following:

Reporting structures;

Actions to be taken to ensure compliance;

Design, development and implementation of the EMPr;

Documenting the environmental policy and strategy;

Implementing the EMPr in all stages/phases of the project; and

All the aspects which require action under the other core elements and sub-elements of the EMPr.

All official communication and reporting lines including instructions, directives and information need to be channelled according to the organisation structure.

5.3 Environmental Objectives and Targets In order to meet the commitments detailed within the environmental policy, as well as those included within the environmental specifications of this EMPr, the Endwell Farms shall develop environmental objectives and targets. The objectives and targets shall conform to, and comply with, the following criteria:

The objectives and targets shall constitute the overall goals for environmental performance identified in the environmental policy and strategy.

When establishing objectives and targets, the Endwell Farm shall take into account the identified environmental aspects and associated environmental impacts, as well as the relevant findings from environmental reviews and/audits.



The targets must be set to achieve objectives within a specified timeframe.

Targets should be specific and measurable.

When the objectives and targets are set, Endwell Farm will establish measurable Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). These KPIs will be used as the basis for an environmental performance evaluation system and can provide information on both the environmental management and the operational systems. Objectives and targets shall apply broadly across the operations, as well as to site-specific and individual activities.

Objectives and targets shall be reviewed from time to time in view of changed operational circumstances and/or changes in environmental legal requirements, and shall also take into consideration the views of interested and affected parties (I&APs).

5.4 Roles and Responsibilities The roles and responsibilities of key elements of the management structure shall include the following: Top Management of Endwell Farms Top management of the development is the overall responsible entity for environmental monitoring, the implementation of the EMPr and compliance with all relevant authorisation. However, Endwell Farms may decide to engage the services of an External Consultant to oversee the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures documented here. External Environmental Consultant The successful consultant’s responsibilities shall include:

Be responsible for the finalisation of the EMPr in terms of methodologies which are required to be implemented to achieve the environmental specifications contained herein and the relevant requirements contained in the anticipated Environmental Authorisation (EA);

Be responsible for the overall implementation of the EMPr in accordance with the requirements of the Endwell Farms and the EA;

Ensure that all third parties who carry out all or part of the its obligations under the contract comply with the requirements of this EMPr;

Ensure that the appointments of the Environmental Control Officer (ECO) are subject to the approval of the developer.

Conduct External Environmental Audits as required and develop necessary remedial Action Plans for non-conformances.

Environmental Control Officer For the purposes of implementing the conditions contained herein, Endwell Farms shall appoint an internal Environmental Control Officer (ECO). The ECO shall be the responsible person for ensuring that the provisions of the EMPr as well as the EA are complied with at all times. The ECO will be responsible for issuing instructions to contractors and employees where environmental considerations call for action to be taken and shall submit regular written reports Top Management and the environmental authority (DEDEAT) as required. The ECO must be fully conversant with environmental processes and in particular the EMPr and EA, as well as all relevant environmental legislation related to the project. Top Management shall have the authority to appoint and replace the ECO and such instruction will be in writing and shall clearly set out the reasons why a replacement is required and within what timeframe. The appointed ECO must have:

A good working knowledge of all relevant environmental policies, legislation, guidelines and standards;



The ability to conduct inspections and audits and to produce thorough, readable and informative reports;

The ability to manage public communication and complaints;

The ability to think holistically about the structure, functioning and performance of environmental systems; and

Proven competence in the application of the following integrated environmental management tools:

Environmental Impact Assessment;

Environmental management plans/programmes;

Environmental auditing;

Mitigation and optimisation of impacts;

Monitoring and evaluation of impacts; and

Environmental Management Systems. The ECO will be responsible for the monitoring, reviewing and verifying of compliance with the EMPr and conditions of the EA. The ECO‟s duties in this regard will include, inter alia, the following:

Conduct regular internal environmental audits;

Confirming that all the EAs and permits required in terms of the applicable legislation have been obtained and are u to date;

Monitoring and verifying that the EMPr, EA and contract are adhered to at all times and taking action if specifications are not followed;

Monitoring and verifying that environmental impacts are kept to a minimum;

Reviewing and approving operation method statements with input from the appointed external consutant, where necessary, in order to ensure that the environmental specifications contained within this EMPr and EA are adhered to;

Inspecting the site and surrounding areas on a regular basis regarding compliance with the EMPr, EA and contract;

Monitoring the undertaking by the contractor of environmental awareness training for all new personnel on site;

Ensuring that activities on site comply with all relevant environmental legislation;

Undertaking a continual internal review of the EMPr and submitting any changes to Top Management and prior to submission to the relevant authority for approval as applicable;

Develop a grievance mechanism procedure in consultation with the external consultant for the purpose of attending to and resolving all complaints for external parties;

Managing the Grievance Mechanism register and ensuring that the correct actions are/were taken in response to complaints;

Checking that the required actions are/were undertaken to mitigate the impacts resulting from non-compliance;

Reporting all incidences of non-compliance;

Conducting annual environmental performance audits in respect of the activities undertaken relating to the project. The ECO shall also submit compliance audit reports to DEDEAT, in accordance with the requirements of the EA. Such reports shall be reviewed by the Top Management, prior to submission;

Recommending additional environmental protection measures, should this be necessary; and

Providing report back on any environmental issues at site meetings.

5.5 Compliance Monitoring and Corrective Action Adequate measures will be established and Key Performance Indicator (KPI) set to establish compliance with the requirements of the EMPr and the EA. Any deviation from the requirement of the EMPr and the EA must be viewed as a non-conformance and adequate corrective action must be immediately implemented. Any activity or incident is deemed as non-conformance if:



There is evidence of contravention of the EMPr or EA, its environmental specifications or the Method Statements that has been developed and approved by Top management;

Operation related activities take place outside the defined boundaries of the site;

Operational activities, spillages and environmental damage due to negligence and or accidents;

The contractor or employees failing to comply with corrective or other instructions issued by the ECO within a specific time; or

The contractor or employee failing to respond adequately to complaints from the public or authorities.

5.6 Reporting and Review The EMPr reporting and documentation requirements must be based on best practice principles such as the ISO 14001:2014 and should take the following requirements into account:

Documents associated with the EMPr must be regularly reviewed and updated by all environmental management parties.

Audits of the environmental performance of the operation of the project will be undertaken on as required basis by accredited auditors in fulfilment of likely conditions of EA.

The findings of external, internal and informal environmental reviews will be recorded and items requiring action will be identified from the recommendations made.

The employees and or contractors will be contractually obliged to fulfil any reasonable recommendations, and implementation of the actions that will be assessed in the both internal and external environmental audits.

Weekly and monthly reporting meetings will take place on site. Internal auditing and reporting will be subject to external review by the ECO during the quarterly compliance audits.

5.7 Monitoring Operation activities have the potential to impact on a range of biophysical habitats as well as neighbouring communities. The monitoring programme that requires development should be aligned with that presented in chapter 6 of this report inter alia allow for analysis of the following:

I. Water quality and management e.g. BOD, COD, pH, salinity, TDS, E coli. II. Waste management

III. Air Quality IV. Health and safety incidents.

5.8 Emergency Preparedness and Response Endwell Farms shall develop environmental emergency response procedures to ensure that there will be an appropriate response to unexpected or accidental actions or incidents that will cause environmental and health impacts during the operation of the facilities. Such activities may include, inter alia:

Accidental discharges to water and land.

Accidental exposure of employees to hazardous substances.

Accidental fires.

Accidental spillage of hazardous substances.

Specific environmental and ecosystem effects from accidental releases or incidents. Endwell Farms and its contractors shall comply with the emergency preparedness and incident reporting requirements that must be developed.



5.9 Environmental Incident Management Endwell Farms and its contractors will adhere to the hazard and incident reporting protocols to be developed and may form part of the Emergency Preparedness and Response plan. A report must be completed for all incidents, and appropriate action taken where necessary to minimise any potential impacts. DEDEAT must be informed of any environmental incident, in accordance with legislative requirements, should this be necessitated by a major environmental incident. Such reporting requirements are usually contained in the EA.

5.10 Management Review The process of management review is in keeping with the principle of continual improvement. A formal management review needs to be conducted at least once a year in which the documented internal and external audit reports and recommendations on non-conformances are reviewed. The purpose of the review is to critically examine the effectiveness of the EMPr and its implementation and to decide on potential modifications to the EMPr as and when necessary. Where necessary, management review will take place more frequently.



6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL As part of the implementation and monitoring requirements, a candidate trained in implementing and monitoring compliance with the EMPr should be appointed by Endwell Farms to undertake the necessary monitoring and implementation of the prescribed mitigation measures detailed here (Table 6.1). The following recommendations are made:

The facilities should be inspected at least once a week against the prescribed mitigation measures and the weekly report documented.

A brief monthly report on compliance with the conditions of the EMPr and EA should be prepared and submitted to management for review. Remediation action should be clearly identified and implemented timeously.

All reports should be well documented and in format that are readable and readily retrievable. Table 6.1: Mitigation measures recommended for the Endwell Farm Piggery

IMPACT AREA DETAILS OF RESPONSIBILITIES IMPLEMENTATION DATE

MONITORING FREQUENCY

RESPONSIBLE PARTY

Waste management: Waste Feed

Promote efficient storage, handling and use of feed by maintaining records of feed purchases and livestock feed use;

Immediately Weekly Endwell Farm managers

Use covered and protected feeders to prevent feed from exposure to rain and wind;


Maintain feeding systems in good working condition to prevent spills and feed contact with the ground;

Continuously Weekly Endwell Farm managers

Consider mixing of waste feed with other recyclable materials destined for use as fertilizer.


Waste management: Manure

Match feed content to the specific nutritional requirements of the animals in their different production and growth stages;


Use low-protein, amino acid-supplemented diets;


Grind feed to increase utilisation efficiency by the animals, allowing the use of less feed and thereby reducing the amount of manure generated (as well as increasing production efficiency);


Use low-phosphorus diets with highly digestible inorganic phosphates;






RESPONSIBLE PARTY

Use quality, uncontaminated feed materials; Continuously Weekly Endwell Farm managers

Ensure production and manure storage facilities are constructed to prevent urine and manure contamination of surface water and groundwater (e.g. use concrete floors, collect liquid effluent from pens, and use roof gutters in buildings to collect and divert clean stormwater);


Keep waste as dry as possible by scraping wastes instead of, or in addition, to flushing with water to remove waste;


Reduce the amount of water used during cleaning (e.g. by using high-pressure, low-flow nozzles);


Minimise the surface area of manure in storage; Immediately Weekly Endwell Farm managers

Locate manure stacks way from water bodies, floodplains, or other sensitive habitats;


Check for storage system leakage regularly e.g. inspect tanks for corrosion of seams, especially those near ground level, annually empty and inspect tanks;


Use double valves on outlets from liquid tanks to reduce the probability of release;


Conduct manure spread only as part of a well-planned strategy that considers potential risks to health and the environment due to the presence of chemical and biological agents as well as nutrient balance in an agricultural setting. Ensure that manure is applied to agricultural land only during periods that are appropriate for its use as fertiliser (generally just before the start of the growing season);


Manure storage facilities should have capacity for 9-12 months of manure production to avoid over application;


Remove liquids and sludge from lagoons as necessary to prevent overtopping;


Build a reserve slurry storage lagoon Immediately Weekly Endwell Farm managers





RESPONSIBLE PARTY

Waste management: Carcasses

Place the on-site burial pit on stable, low-permeability soils with sufficient physical separation from houses and water resources to avoid contamination by vapours and leachate from buried, decaying materials.


Wastewater Install vegetative filters to trap sediment; Immediately Weekly Endwell Farm managers

Install surface water diversions to direct clean runoff around areas containing waste;


Implement buffer zones to surface water bodies, avoiding the application of manure within these areas.


Implement a surface water and groundwater quality monitoring program.

Immediately Semi-annually Endwell Farm managers

Air emissions: Ammonia and odours

Control the temperature, humidity, and other environmental factors of manure storage to reduce emissions;


Consider composting of manure to reduce odour emissions;


Reduce emissions and odours during land application activities by applying a few centimetres below the soil surface and selecting favourable weather conditions.


Increase the carbon to nitrogen ratio in feeds to reduce methane and nitrous oxide production.


Air emissions: Dust Install dust collection systems at dusty operations, such as feed grinding;


Prevent overgrazing of pastureland; Immediately Weekly Endwell Farm managers

Implement fugitive-dust-control measures, such as wetting frequently travelled dirt roads, as necessary.




APPENDIX A – CURRICULUM VITAE & SPECIALIST DECLARATION ERIC E IGBINIGIE (PhD, Pr. Sci. Nat.)

Date of birth: 21 March 1974 QUALIFICATIONS

2008: PhD. Biotechnology. Rhodes University, South Africa 2004: MSc. Environmental Biotechnology. Rhodes University, South Africa 2003: Environmental Training. Received training in Industrial Environmental Management 1999: BSc. Hons. Biochemistry. Ambrose Alli University, Nigeria (formally Edo State University) Training 2014: Facilitator – Soil Remediation Workshop (ARC - Institute for Soil, Climate and Water) 2014: Environmental Management System ISO 14001:2004 Lead Auditor Training (BUREAU

VERITAS) 2013: Contaminated Land Workshop (IMBEWU Sustainability Legal Specialist (Pty) Ltd / GEO

Pollution Technologies). 2011: Climate Change: Adaptation and Mitigation – Swedish Metrological and Hydrological

Institute, Sweden (Part I Sweden and Part II Namibia). 2010: Environmental Impact Assessment Certificate – Coastal & Environmental Services / Rhodes

University, South Africa 2003: Industrial Environmental Management & Process Biotechnology – MSc Module, Rhodes

University, South Africa

MEMBERSHIP / CERTIFICATION

South African Council for Natural Scientific Professions (Environmental Science: 400201/09).

International Register of Certificated Auditors (IRCA: 6017879) (ISO 14001:2004 EMS Provisional Auditor).

Water Institute of Southern Africa (WISA) (20783).

International Water Association (IWA, UK) (00895495.) PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

May 2010 – Present: Senior Environmental Consultant (Coastal & Environmental Services, South Africa). I serve as a specialist consultant and project manager in projects that are rooted in my areas of specialisation including Basic Assessment, Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Site Assessment (Phase 1, 2 & 3), Environmental & Social Due Diligence, Management Systems and Auditing, Bioremediation and Waste valorisation processes. My project management duties include active project opportunity search, developing expression of interest and proposals as well as the management and maintenance of prospective and existing clients. July 2009 – April 2010: Senior Research Scientist / Post graduate co-ordinator (Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Rhodes University (EBRU)). Led a research group tasked with the bioremediation of coal spoils. Lectured Sustainable Environmental Biotechnology at M.Sc and Honours levels. January 2008 – April 2009: Post-Doctoral Fellowship / Course leader: Environmental Biotechnology at EBRU. June 2000 – November 2002: Water quality control analyst (Edo Pharmaceuticals Benin city, Nigeria). Duties included water supply and quality analyst, general wet chemistry analyst, National water quality report compilation and presentation and computer lab manager.



March 1999 – February 2000: Field officer, National Programme on Immunization (NPI) (National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) Kano State, Nigeria). Duties included rural health educator, data collection for the NPI and Implementation of Polio vaccination in rural areas. CONSULTING EXPERIENCE

Sector: Mining

1 Triton Mineral Nicanda Hills Graphite Project - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Mozambique - 2015

2 Aquatic Biomonitoring for the Wilge River and associated tributaries of the Sedibelo Mine – South Africa

South Africa - 2015

3 Landfill Site Selection Report for the Tete (Baobab) Iron Ore project - Capitol Resources Limitada

Mozambique - 2015

4 Syrah Balama Graphite Environmental and Social Monitoring programme planning and implementation

Mozambique, 2015

5 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Zirco Kamiesberg Heavy Mineral Namaqualand Project - Zirco Roode Heuvel (Pty) Ltd - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

South Africa, 2014

6 Environmental & Social Management Plan / Environmental Monitoring Plans for the Enterprise Mine - First Quantum Minerals (Environmental & Social Management System (ESMS) in accordance with the IFC Performance Standard 1)

Zambia, 2014

7 Environmental & Social Management Plan / Monitoring Plans for the Zirco Kamiesberg Heavy Mineral Namaqualand Project - Zirco Roode Heuvel (Pty) Ltd – (In accordance with the IFC Performance Standard 1)

South Africa, 2014

8 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Tete (Baobab) Iron Ore project - Capitol Resources Limitada - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Mozambique, 2014

9 Environmental & Social Management Plan / Monitoring Plans for the Tete (Baobab) Iron Ore project - Capitol Resources Limitada - (In accordance with the IFC Performance Standard 1)

Mozambique, 2014

10 Environmental & Social Management Plan / Environmental Monitoring Plans for the Syrah Balama Graphite Project - Syrah Resources Limited - (In accordance with the IFC Performance Standard 1)

Mozambique, 2014

11 Environmental and Social Management System for the Toliara Sands’ Renobe Mine Project - World Titanium Resources Ltd - (In accordance with the IFC Performance Standard 1)

Madagascar, 2013

12 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Syrah Balama Graphite Project - Syrah Resources Ltd (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Mozambique, 2013

13 International Finance Corporation Performance Standards deviation assessment and implementation for heavy mineral mining project - Kenmare Mineral Resources - (Environmental Compliance Report)

Mozambique, 2012

14 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Toliara Sands’ Renobe Mine Project - World Titanium Resources Ltd - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Madagascar, 2012

15 Trident Copper and Nickel Project, Sentinel Deposit: Assessment of Infrastructure, Waste and Process Related Issues - First Quantum Minerals (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Zambia, 2011

16 Environmental & Social Management Plan for the GS Cimentos Cement Plant - GS Cimentos, SARL

Mozambique, 2011

17 Effects of the Trident Project on Global Climate Change: Trident Copper and Nickel Project, Sentinel Deposit North Western Province - First Quantum Minerals - (Climate Change and Adaptation Report)

Zambia, 2011

18 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Kangankunde Monazite Mine - LYNAS Africa Limited - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent

Malawi, 2010



Assessment Report)

19 Sanitation Assessment Report for Kenmare Moma Titanium Mining Project: - Kenmare Mineral Resources Limited

Mozambique, 2010

20 Rehabilitation Plan for Kenmare Moma Titanium Minerals - Kenmare Mineral Resources - (Rehabilitation plans)

Mozambique, 2010

Sector: Heavy & Light Industries including Oil and Gas

1 Independent Environmental & Social Monitor for the Kenya / Uganda Rift Valley Railway - Rift Valley Railways Kenya - (Quarterly & Annual Environmental Audit and ESAP Compliance Reports)

Kenya & Uganda, 2015, 2014 & 2013

2 Environmental Screening Report for a Potential Property Purchase, Maputo, Angola – Phase I Environmental Site Assessment

Mozambique - 2015

3 Environmental Screening Report for a Potential Property Purchase, Beira, Mozambique – Phase I Environmental Site Assessment

Mozambique - 2015

4 Phase II Environmental Site Assessment for the Villa Crop Protection Formulation Plant, Warehousing and Distribution Facilities

South Africa - 2015

5 Scoping, EIA and Environmental Management Plans for the Fishwater Flats Wastewater Treatment Works Biogas project – Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality

South Africa, ongoing

6 Integrated Waste Management Plans for three district municipalities in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa (Integrated Waste Management Plan)

South Africa, ongoing

7 Environmental and Social Due Diligence for the Depthwize/Megadrill Shallow Water and Swamp Barge Drilling Project. African Finance Corporation - (IFC E&S Performance Standards Compliance Assessment)

Nigeria, 2014

8 Environmental and Social Due Diligence for the Ossiomo Petrochemical Ammonia-Urea project, Ologbo, Edo State – SWEDFUND (IFC E&S Performance Standards Compliance Assessment)

Nigeria, 2013

9 Olokola Single Point Mooring and Tank Farm ESIA Gap Analysis based on the IFC Performance Standards and Industry Specific guidelines and requirement – Africa Finance Corporation (IFC E&S Performance Standards Compliance Assessment)

Nigeria, 2013

10 Environmental Due Diligence Assessment for the Coega Brick Coega IDZ – Coega Development Corporation (Phase 1 and 2 Environmental Site Assessment)

South Africa, 2013

11 Samshi Steel Mill and Power Plant Project Sierra Leone: Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment Report - Samshi Africa Ltd (IFC E&S Performance Standards Compliance Assessment)

Sierra Leone, 2012

12 Scoping, EIA and Environmental Management Plans for the upgrade of the Fishwater Flats Wastewater Treatment Works - Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality - (Full Environmental Impact Assessment Report)

South Africa, 2012

13 Contaminated Land Assessment for the Fishwater Flats Wastewater Treatment Works – Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (Phase 1 and 2 Environmental Site Assessment)

South Africa, 2012

14 Basic Assessment for the Healdtown College Sewage Treatment Package Plant, Forth Beaufort - BKS South Africa (Basic Environmental Assessment Report)

South Africa, 2012

15 Environmental Due Diligence Assessment for the Coega Zone 6 IDZ - Coega Development Corporation (Environmental Due Diligence)

South Africa, 2011

16 Phase I & II Environmental Due Diligence Assessment for the Coega Zone 13 IDZ - Coega Development Corporation (Phase 1 and 2 Environmental Site Assessment)

South Africa, 2011

17 Pinedale Eco-Estate EIA. Bathurst, Eastern Cape Province South Africa South Africa,



– Private Client - (EIA Report) 2011

18 Basic Assessment Report – Wood Energy Biomass Project, Grahamstown – Nollen Group (Pty) Ltd (Basic Environmental Assessment Report)

South Africa, 2010

Sector: Agro-Industry

1 Basic Assessment for Endwell Piggery Farms – Aliwal North, South Africa South Africa, 2015

2 General Motors Basic Assessment and Waste Management Licence Application

South Africa, 2015

3 No.2 Piggeries Waste Management / Environmental Due Diligence and Action Plan – No.2 Piggeries Pty. Ltd. (Audit Report)

South Africa, 2015

4 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Maroua Oil Mill Project – SODECOTON Cameroon - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Cameroon, 2014

5 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for the Garoua Oil Mill Project – SODECOTON Cameroon - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Cameroon, 2014

6 Lúrio Green Resources AS Forest Plantation Nampula: Surface and Groundwater Quality Assessment – Green Resources AS - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Mozambique, 2013

7 Equatorial Palm Oil Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) - Equatorial Palm Oil (ESMS in accordance with the IFC Performance Standard 1)

Liberia, 2013

8 Environmental and Social Management Plan for Niassa Green Resource AS Forestry – Green Resources AS (Environmental & Social Management Plan)

Mozambique, 2013

9 Waste and By-product Study for EcoFarm Sugar Plantation - EcoFarm Mozambique Lda (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Mozambique, 2013

10 Environmental and Social Management Plan for Lúrio Green Resources AS Forest – Green Resources AS (Environmental & Social Management Plan)

Mozambique, 2012

11 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for African Plantation Biomass Power Plant Project - African Plantation for Sustainable Development - (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Ghana, 2012

12 Waste and Wastewater Specialist Assessment for Equatorial Palm Oil - Equatorial Palm Oil (IFC Compliant Waste & Effluent Assessment Report)

Liberia, 2012

RESEARCH & TEACHING EXPERIENCE

2012 - Environmental Impact Assessment Short Course at Rhodes University

Facilitator for the EIA short course.

Lectured - Post EIA implementation and monitoring. 2009 – Current: Post-graduate Supervision

PhD Supervision: Development of a broad spectrum biocatalyst tool for coal & petroleum contaminated soil. (Current).

MSc Supervision: Stacked-Heap coal bioreactor process in coal dumps rehabilitation. (Current).

2011: Coal-derived humic acid as a sustainable material for soil amendment. (Honours).

2011: The role of Cynodon dactylon root exudates in coal spoils rehabilitation. (Honours).

2010: Characterization and beneficiation of weathered coal-derived humic acid. (Honours).

July 2009 – April 2010: Senior Research Scientist - EBRU

Supervise and lead the coal dump bioremediation and beneficiation research group and was



responsible for its deliverables.

Lectured Sustainable Environmental Biotechnology at Post-graduate level.

Reviewer - The South African Journal of Science.

Responsible for the safety and health environment of EBRU.

Responsible for research logistics. July 2009 – April 2010: Anglo Coal land rehabilitation (FungCoal) project, Phase III (AngloCoal) Research: Integrated approach for beneficiating acid mine drainage (AMD) in conjunction with coal spoils and its applications in coal dump rehabilitation strategy that is channelled towards a clean development mechanism (CDM). Responsibility: Supervised and lead the research team and was responsible for its deliverables Funder: Anglo Coal South Africa. May 2008 – January 2009: Flue gas beneficiation (SASOL) Research: The beneficiation of algal sequestered industrial CO2 (derived from flue gas) for the production of biofuel (Bio-methane and Bio-diesel) and other fine chemicals. Responsibility: Research deliverables. Funder: Sasol. Outcome: Confidential Feasibility report submitted to Sasol, South Africa (2009). January 2004 – December 2007: Anglo Coal land rehabilitation (FungCoal) project, Phase II (AngloCoal) Research: The microbial biotransformation of coal materials for coal dump rehabilitation purpose and the beneficiation of coal waste spoils Responsibility: Research deliverables. Funder: Anglo Coal South Africa. Outcomes:

Patented technology (See Patent & Publications).

Publications (See Patent & Publications).

PhD thesis (2007). (See Patent & Publications)

Anglo Coal FungCoal Report, Phase I and II. (See Patent & Publications)

Grant awarded for FungCoal Phase III: Research grant for 4-year duration. February 2003 – January 2004: Anglo Platinum wastewater treatment project (Anglo Platinum) Research: Investigating the enzymatic recovery of platinum from platinum waste streams Responsibility: Responsible for the research outcome Funder: Anglo Platinum South Africa. Outcomes:

MSc thesis (2004) (See Patent & Publications).

Beneficiation of platinum wastewater - Confidential report submitted to Anglo Platinum South Africa (2004)

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS AND PATENT

2013: Lerato M. Sekhohola, Eric E. Igbinigie and A. Keith Cowan. Biological degradation and solubilization of coal: A review. Biodegradation. 24(3):305-318. 2011: South African Patent Office Patent Number 2010/02354 - Rhodes University (Stacked-Heap Coal Bioreactor). Contributors: Rose, P.D., Igbinigie, E.E., Horan, M.P., Dames, J.F & Mukasa-Mugerwa, T.T. 2010. Igbinigie, E.E., Mutambanengwe, C.Z. & Rose, P.D. Phyto-bioconversion of hard coal in Cynodon dactylon/coal rhizosphere. Biotechnology Journal. 5:292-303. 2008. Igbinigie, E.E., Atkins, S., van Breugel, Y., van Dyke, S., Davies-Coleman, M.T. & Rose, P.D. Fungal biodegradation of hard coal by a newly reported isolate, Neosartorya fischeri. Biotechnology



Journal. 3:1407-1416. 2007. Igbinigie, E.E. The rhizosphere as a bioprocess environment for the bioconversion of hard coal. PhD Thesis. Rhodes University. 2007. Rose, P.D., Igbinigie, E.E., Horan, M., Atkins, S., van Dyk, S., van Breugel, Y., Mukasa-Mugerwa, T., Dames, J., Mutambanengwe, C.Z., Bowker, M. & Laubscher, R. Biotechnology of coal biosolubilization and applications in waste coal beneficiation. Anglo Coal FungCoal Report, Phase II. 1-349. 2004. Rose, P.D., Clarke, A. & Igbinigie, E.E. Biotechnology of coal biosolubilization and applications in biological treatment of mine drainage wastewaters and waste coal beneficiation. Anglo Coal FungCoal Report, Phase I. 1-100. 2004. Igbinigie, E.E. The enzymatic use of hydrogenase in sulphate reducing bacteria for the removal of platinum from industrial wastewater. MSc Thesis. Rhodes University.









THOMAS KING

QUALIFICATIONS

BSc Honours Biodiversity and Conservation (Rhodes University)

BSc Zoology (University of Pretoria) PROFESSIONAL REGISTRATION AND DEVELOPMENT

Registrations

South African Council for Natural Scientific Professions (Candidate Environmental Scientist) Training

CES short course: Conducting Environmental Impact Assessments – Completed and passed March 2011

CFA Level II Candidate - June 2016 PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

January 2006 – December 2006: Field assistant (Remote Exploration Services) January 2011 – April 2011: GIS technician (Conservation Support Services) April 2011 – Present: Environmental consultant (EOH Coastal & Environmental Services) SELECTED CONSULTING EXPERIENCE

Environmental consulting experience as a project manager, report writing and GIS manager for various development types. Specific experience includes the following: Forestry

Lurio Green Resources Forestry Environmental and Social Impact Assessment.

Niassa Plantation Environmental and Social Impact Assessment.

Equatorial Palm Oil Liberia Environmental, Social and Health Impact Assessment.

Ugandan Palm Oil Environmental and Social Impact Assessment. Renewable energy

EIA for Richards Bay Wind Energy Project, EAB Astrum Energy

EIA for Hluhluwe Wind Energy Project, Kimocode (Pty) Ltd

EIA for Plan 8 Wind Energy Project, Infinite Plan 8

EIA for St Lucia Wind Farm, St Lucia Wind Farms (Pty) Ltd

EIA for Coega Wind Farm, InnoWind (Pty) Ltd

EIA for Brakkefontein Wind Farm, Terra Power Solutions Agriculture and waste management

Basic environmental assessment for the development of a chicken rearing facility in the Paterson district of the Eastern Cape, Eco Pullets (Pty) Ltd.



Mining

Pre-feasibility risk assessment for the development of a heavy minerals mine on the West Coast of South Africa, Zirco Resources (Pty) Ltd.

Environmental Control Officer for the Kenmare Heavy Mineral Mine, Nampula Province, Mozambique.

Baobab Iron Ore Mine, Tete Province Mozambique.

Alphamin Bisie Tin Project, Nord Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Syrah Resources Graphite Project, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique.

Zirco Heavy Minerals Mine, Northern Cape, South Africa. SPECIALIST ASSESSMENTS

Visual Impact Assessments:

Syrah Resources Graphite Mine, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique. Completed: August, 2013.

Zirco Roode-Heuwel Mine in the Northern Cape of South Africa. Completed: March, 2014.

Baobab Iron Ore Mine, Tete, Mozambique. Completed: April 2014.

Triton Minerals Nicanda Hills Graphite Project. Completed August 2015. Traffic Impact Assessments:

Trans-Caledon Tunnel Authority (TCTA) Mooi-Mnegi transfer scheme. Completed June 2012.

Syrah Resources Graphite Mine, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique. Completed: August, 2013.

Baobab Iron Ore Mine, Tete, Mozambique. Completed: April 2014

Triton Minerals Nicanda Hills Graphite Project. Completed August 2015.

Alphamin Bisie Tin Mining Project, Nord Kivu, DRC. Completed September 2015. RESEARCH & TEACHING EXPERIENCE

I have completed a study on the rate at which Sub-tropical Thicket (an Eastern Cape vegetation type) recovers after heavy grazing by ostriches. This study was done as part of my honours degree at Rhodes University.



APPENDIX B - ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION PROGRAMME

















APPENDIX C – METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACTS

To ensure a direct comparison between various specialist studies, standard rating scales have been defined for assessing and quantifying the identified impacts. This is necessary since impacts have a number of parameters that need to be assessed. Five factors need to be considered when assessing the significance of impacts, namely:

1. Relationship of the impact to temporal scales - the temporal scale defines the significance of the impact at various time scales, as an indication of the duration of the impact.

2. Relationship of the impact to spatial scales - the spatial scale defines the physical extent of

the impact.

3. The severity of the impact - the severity/beneficial scale is used in order to scientifically evaluate how severe negative impacts would be, or how beneficial positive impacts would be on a particular affected system (for ecological impacts) or a particular affected party.

The severity of impacts can be evaluated with and without mitigation in order to demonstrate how serious the impact is when nothing is done about it. The word ‘mitigation’ means not just ‘compensation’, but also the ideas of containment and remedy. For beneficial impacts, optimization means anything that can enhance the benefits. However, mitigation or optimization must be practical, technically feasible and economically viable.

4. The likelihood of the impact occurring - the likelihood of impacts taking place as a result of project actions differs between potential impacts. There is no doubt that some impacts would occur (e.g. loss of vegetation), but other impacts are not as likely to occur (e.g. vehicle accident), and may or may not result from the proposed development. Although some impacts may have a severe effect, the likelihood of them occurring may affect their overall significance.

Each criterion is rated according to Table D1 and 2 to determine the overall significance of an activity. Firstly, the criterion is considered in two categories, viz. effect of the activity and the likelihood of the impact (Table D1). The significance of the effect and likelihood are then read off the matrix presented in Table D2, to determine the overall significance of the impact. The overall significance is either negative or positive. The environmental significance scale is an attempt to evaluate the importance of a particular impact. This evaluation needs to be undertaken in the relevant context, as an impact can either be ecological or social, or both. The evaluation of the significance of an impact relies heavily on the values of the person making the judgment. For this reason, impacts of especially a social nature need to reflect the values of the affected society. Cumulative Impacts Cumulative Impacts affect the significance ranking of an impact because it considers the impact in terms of both on-site and off-site sources. For example, the noise generated by an activity (on-site) may result in a value which is within the World Bank Noise Standards for residential areas. Activities in the surrounding area may also create noise, resulting in levels also within the World Bank Standards. If both on-site and off-site activities take place simultaneously, the total noise level at the specified receptor may exceed the World Bank Standards. For this reason it is important to consider impacts in terms of their cumulative nature. Seasonality Although seasonality is not considered in the ranking of the significance, if may influence the evaluation during various times of year. As seasonality will only influence certain impacts, it will only



be considered for these, with management measures being imposed accordingly (i.e. dust suppression measures being implemented during the dry season). Prioritisation The evaluation of the impacts, as described above is used to prioritise which impacts require mitigation measures. Negative impacts that are ranked as being of “VERY HIGH” and “HIGH” significance will be investigated further to determine how the impact can be minimised or what alternative activities or mitigation measures can be implemented. These impacts may also assist decision makers i.e. lots of HIGH negative impacts may bring about a negative decision. For impacts identified as having a negative impact of “MODERATE” significance, it is standard practice to investigate alternate activities and/or mitigation measures. The most effective and practical mitigations measures will then be proposed. For impacts ranked as “LOW” significance, no investigations or alternatives will be considered. Possible management measures will be investigated to ensure that the impacts remain of low significance. Table D1: Ranking of Evaluation Criteria

Temporal scale

Short term Less than 5 years

Medium term Between 5 and 20 years

Long term Between 20 and 40 years (a generation) and from a human perspective almost permanent.

Permanent Over 40 years and resulting in a permanent and lasting change that will always be there

Spatial Scale

Household At localised scale and a few hectares in extent. This scale applies to a person or persons in and around the study area.

Localised This scale applies to the project footprint.

Study area The area directly affected by the proposed site and its immediate environs (mine lease area).

Traditional Authority Areas

Determined by local administration.

District District

National Country level

International International level

Severity Benefit

Slight / Slightly Beneficial

Slight impacts on the affected system(s) or party(ies)

Slightly beneficial to the affected system(s) or party(ies)

Moderate / Moderately Beneficial

Moderate impacts on the affected system(s) or party(ies)

An impact of real benefit to the affected system(s) or party(ies)

Severe / Beneficial Severe impacts on the affected system(s) or party(ies)

A substantial benefit to the affected system(s) or party(ies)

Very Severe / Very Beneficial

Very severe change to the affected system(s) or party(ies)

A very substantial benefit to the affected system(s) or party(ies)

Likelihood

Unlikely The likelihood of these impacts occurring is slight



In certain cases it may not be possible to determine the severity of an impact thus it may be determined: Don’t know/Can’t know Table D2: Description of Environmental Significance Ratings

Significance Description Score

Low

Acceptable impact for which mitigation is desirable but not essential. The impact by itself is insufficient even in combination with other low impacts to prevent the development being approved. These impacts will result in either positive or negative medium to short term effects on the social and/or natural environment.

Moderate

An important impact which requires mitigation. The impact is insufficient by itself to prevent the implementation of the project but which in conjunction with other impacts may prevent its implementation. These impacts will usually result in either a positive or negative medium to long-term effect on the social and/or natural environment.

High

A serious impact, if not mitigated, may prevent the implementation of the project (if it is a negative impact). These impacts would be considered by society as constituting a major and usually a long-term change to the (natural &/or social) environment and result in severe effects or beneficial effects.

Very High

A very serious impact which, if negative, may be sufficient by itself to prevent implementation of the project. The impact may result in permanent change. Very often these impacts are unmitigable and usually result in very severe effects, or very beneficial effects.

Example of how to use the CES Environmental Impact Rating Methodology when writing up the impacts CES are recommending the write up method outlined below as a way of reducing the amount of descriptive writing normally required. This is based on using the impact rating methodology CES has adopted and made available to you. Impact 1: Contamination of surface and groundwater Cause and Comment It is estimated that as many as 150 construction workers will be employed on site. These workers will generate sanitary waste which needs to be carefully managed and properly disposed of. (Note to consultants: this statement can be longer and can include data (and tables etc) that will justify the impact ratings provided in the impact table below). Mitigation and Management Chemical toilets could be used on the construction site and these would need to be emptied periodically and the waste disposed of at a municipal sewage treatment facility. If one conservatively assumes a volume of 50L of wash water and sewage per individual during a work shift then the total volume of effluent requiring disposal could be ~17m3 per day. Significance Statement

Impact Effect

May Occur The likelihood of these impacts occurring is possible

Probable The likelihood of these impacts occurring is probable

Definite The likelihood is that this impact will definitely occur



Temporal Scale

Spatial Scale

Severity of Impact

Risk or Likelihood

Total Score

Overall Significance

Without Mitigation

Short term Study Area Moderate Definite MODERATE

With Mitigation

Short term Localised Slight Unlikely LOW BENEFICIAL