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Greatest achievements in public health over the past two centuries.

Eradicated Smallpox, global incidence of poliomyelitis lowered to 99 %.

INTRODUCTION

Most successful and cost-effective public health interventions

Preventing infectious diseases and their complications.

INTRODUCTION

Achieved dramatic reduction of DpT and MMRV related Mortality and Morbidity

@ 2 million child deaths saved + 600,000 Hep B related Cirrhosis/Cancer deaths

Helped to acieve Millinium DevelopmentHerd Immunity

Process by person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine Active Immunization Passive immunizationINTRODUCTION

Despite the success

Mortality and Morbidity due to vaccine-preventable diseases and low coverage in many countries.

Available vaccine not used to their Fullest PotentialInaccessibility/inabilityUnder recognition of diseases burdeninability to introduce new vaccine & tech. Financial considerations/Other challegnges and barriersRationale

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24 million children under 1 year old, accounting for almost 20% of the children born every year were not reached currently available vaccines. Among the developing countries, those in South Asia

worst figuresRationaleDepartment of Health in the Philippines

Vaccination rates in children 9 to 11 months old against all 7 diseases (tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis tetanus poliomyelitis measles, hepatitis B) included in the EPI of only 83% and 81% in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Nepal is one of the least developed countries in the world

High Child mortality of 98/1,000 According to Demographic Health Survey 2011, total immunization coverage is 86.6percent

Not Uniform throughout countryNot properly DocumentedFalse figures(office based Documentation)Research work In shadow Nepalese administrators, government officials, and health care providers do not have a basic understanding of the indicators and determinants of the health of In Mahottari district only 57% of men and 37% women are literate, compared to three quarters nationwide.

Religious beliefs

False reporting

This district is high-risk for polio shares a border with India with current polio transmission; borders are open with considerable population mobility For example; According to UNICEF and district profile measles vaccination coverage is 110% (2012), but recently Outbreak of Measles in Mahottari district of Nepal affects 400 children, found that among disease affected children 80% was not vaccinated.

Office based Planning and Reporting(in Kathmandu)

Bharatpur-9, no survey has been No exact statics several vaccine related disease has been reported. Children and parents are not getting health service from available facilities due to the lack of knowledge regarding immunization and proper guidance and not proper trained health workers

So,decided to conduct a study on the Knowledge, Attitude and Implementation of Expanded Program in Immunization among parents and health workers in Bharatpur-9, Mahottari, Nepal in order to come up with an information material. BY: Singh Kushwaha, Rabindra K.

Descriptive ResearchPurposive Sampling(Health Workers and Mothers)RespondentsMETHODSLocale of the StudyBharatpur-9, Mahottari, Nepal13

QuestionnairesMETHODSReview of Related LiteratureContent validityReliability Testing

Survey QuestionnairesI. Demographic ProfileII. Knowledge on Expanded Program in ImmunizationMETHODSIII. Practice on Expanded Program in ImmunizationIV. Implementation on Expanded Program in ImmunizationPurposeBenefitsDiscomfortsThe researchers explained the content of the questionnaire for the better comprehension and to inform the respondents that their respected and voluntary cooperation and participation were of the importance for the success of the study. The researchers also retrieved them after giving the respondents ample time to analyze and answer the questions presented.

16Entirely Voluntary???PROBLEM 1PROBLEM 5PROBLEM 2PROBLEM 6PROBLEM 3PROBLEM 7PROBLEM 4

PROBLEM 8

PROBLEM 1What is the demographic profile of the parents and health workers as to;Age;Sex;Civil Status;Educational Attainment;Religion;Number of Children;Occupation; andMonthly IncomeSTATISTICAL TREATMENTFrequency Count and Percentage

PROBLEM 2What is the extent of knowledge of the respondents on expanded program in immunization as to:Objectives;Nature of vaccines;Advantages and Schedule?STATISTICAL TREATMENTMean Percentage Score

PROBLEM 3What is attitude of the respondents on expanded program in immunization?

STATISTICAL TREATMENTAverage Weighted Mean

PROBLEM 44. What is the extent of implementation on expanded program in immunization as perceived respondents?

STATISTICAL TREATMENTAverage Weighted Mean

PROBLEM 5Is there a significant relationship between the profile of the respondents and their knowledge, attitude and implementation on expanded program in immunization?

STATISTICAL TREATMENTSpearman rho Correlation

PROBLEM 6Is there a significant difference between the parents and health workers knowledge, attitude and implementation on expanded program in immunization?

STATISTICAL TREATMENTSpearman rho Correlation

PROBLEM 7What information material can be proposed to enhance the respondents knowledge, attitude and implementation on expanded program in immunization?