Europe and North America Slide 2 Big Three Truman-US Clement
Attlee-Britain Stalin-Soviet Union Meet at Postdam (outside Berlin)
Basic principles Germany must be demilitarized Nazi Party must be
disbanded & outlawed Atrocities should be punished Germany
should remain a single state ruled by occupation governments Slide
3 Territorial adjustments Soviet Union wanted to keep Polish
territories Poland would take part of East Prussia Soviets would
take the rest of East Prussia Soviets stripped Germany of of its
land Soviet Union, Czech. & Poland evict Germans Refugees flood
back to Germany Demilitarization & Reparations Allies disbanded
German land, air, and sea forces War industry dismantled US &
Britain wanted to revive Germany France wanted Germany to remain
weak Soviets wanted $10 billion in reparations Soviets were given
industrial equipment instead Slide 4 Documented the extent of the
Holocaust First trial in history to prosecute war crimes 12
sentenced to death 7 to life imprisonment 3 aquitted Nazi Party
declared a criminal organization Nazis removed from authority Slide
5 Reconstructing Europe Nazis had destroyed many prewar govts Italy
becomes a republic & gives up all rights to colonies (UN)
France adopts a new constitution that established the 4 th Republic
Eastern Europe goes communistic Growing tension between Soviets and
Western Allies Slide 6 April 1945 51 nations met in San Francisco
October, new charter is ratified Slide 7 Purpose-maintain peace
& security Mediate of disputes & prevent aggression 10
temporary members 5 permanent members-US, Britain, France, Soviet
Union, China=veto power Purpose-designed to appeal to those who
felt all nations should have equal status All nations had same
rights & voting power=one vote per nation Elects the secretary-
general & the judges of the International Court of Justice
Slide 8 Allies cant agree on how to unify Germany Western allies
reunite their zones Soviets refuse Soviets blockade East German
border Slide 9 Soviets No trucks, barges, or trains to pass
checkpoints W. Germans will starve U.S. & Britain start airlift
So successful Soviets lifted blockade Slide 10 U.S. & Britain
poor aid into West Germany By 1958 W. Germany is #1 economy in
Europe W. Germany elects anti- Soviet Konrad Adenauer as chancellor
Committed to the rule of law Encourages East Germans to escape to
the West So many escapees=Berlin Wall Slide 11 Slide 12 Dead
Windows Death Zone Slide 13 Slide 14 Reagan visits Berlin in 1987.
Slide 15
