Every Girl`s Book

8/14/2019 Every Girl`s Book

1/42

Title:EveryGirl'sBook

Author:GeorgeF.Butler

ReleaseDate:May14,2009[EBook#28812]

ThisisthesecondofaseriesofbooksonHowtoLive,byDr.GeorgeF.Butler.Thesebooksrange

fromchildhoodtooldage.Theboyandthegirl,theyoungmanandyoungwoman,theyoung

husbandandyoungwife,middleagedpeople,andoldpeopleareinstructedinthesebooksin

mattersoftheutmostimportancetotheirhealthandhappiness.ThefirstinthisserieswasEvery

Boys

Book.

These

two

books

are

especially

intended

for

boys

and

girls

from

ten

to

fourteen

years

of

age,buteveryfatherandmothershouldreadthem,sothey,too,canknowthetruthaboutthese

greatsexfacts,andbepreparedtoanswerchildrensquestionsnowsometimestroublesome.

CONTENTS

Chapter Page

I. HowtheStoryBegan 1

II. WhattheBeeWantedofElsiesNose 10

III.

TheHusbands

and

Wives

of

Plants

21

IV. ThePapaandMammaPartsofthePlants 34

V. TheFirstLifeonEarth 43

VI. WhereBabyAnimalsComeFrom 54

VII. WhereBabyGirlsComeFrom 62

PREFACE

Thegreatestdutyofmankindliesintheproperuprearingofourchildren.Thefactisrecognized,but

isthedutyfulfilled?Dowerearourchildrenasweshould?Thereisbutoneanswer:Wefail.

Teachingthemmanythingsfortheirgood,weyetkeepfromthemignorantly,foolishly,witha

hesitancyandneglectunpardonableknowledge,thepossessionofwhichisessentialfortheir

futurewelfare.


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Thefirstnecessityforwellbeingisahealthymindinahealthybody.Wecangiveourchildrenthat,if

wewill,byteachingthemallaboutthebody,itssourceoflife,itsdifferentfunctions,anditscare.

Thechildshouldgrowiitomaturityknowingthatthehumanbodyissomethingfine,somethingthat

accomplishesgood,somethingtobeproudofineveryway.Aboveallshouldthechildbetaughtall

concerningthe

processofreproduction,justasitistaughttheactionofthestomachorofthebrain.Bysodoing,we

canproduceabetterandhealthierandhappiergenerationtofollowours.Bywhatstrangeand

mistakenimpulseinthepastsuchabsolutelyrequiredteachinghasbeensostudiouslywithheldis

beyondallcomprehension.

Wewantthebestforourchildren.Wewantthemtogrowupwithrightthoughtsandhabits,yetwe

keepfromthemtheknowledgewithoutwhichtheirthoughtsandhabitswillsurelybeimperiled

when

there

arises

in

them

the

generative

instinct,

which

has

its

effect

upon

both

male

and

female

youthalike.iii

Wegivethemnoinformationastosexualmatters;and,whenitcomestothem,itistoooftenbutin

thewayofhalftruths,mysterious,excitingtotheimagination,anddangerous.

Yethowsimpleandnaturalthegivingofthisinformationmightbemade;andhoweasilythechild

might

be

safeguarded!

Mankind

has

demands

which

must

be

gratified.

We

have

hunger;

we

have

thirst;wehavetheimpulseofreproduction.Eachisrightandnatural.Thereshouldbenodifference

intheconsiderationofeitherofthesewants.Allaboutthemthechildshouldbetaught,fromthe

beginning,sothatallwillbenaturalandrightandcommonplaceandamatterofcourselongbefore

theageisreachedwhenthesexualinstinctisdeveloped.

Isnotthisreason?Isitnothealthful,ivlogical,commonsense?Isitnotthewholesomeandrightand

properview?

Natureisdevotedtoreproduction.Fromthecelltotheflower,andsoonupward,thecreaturesof

theworldarebutrenewingthemselves,andthelearningofthisisthegreatestandmostbeautifulof

allstudies.Allthisthechildcanbetaught.

Elementarybiology,orthestudyofsubjectsofwhatwecallzoologyandbotanycombined,canbe

madethemostattractiveofstudiestoanychildwhohaslearnedtoread.Theboyorgirlmaybe

taughtthatthetreesandflowersarelivingthingsthatarebeautifulandaremaleandfemale.The

childmay

be

shown

how

the

bees

carry

the

pollen

from

flower

to

flower,

and

how

other

plants

and

flowersareproducedinthatway.v


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Hecanbetaughtthewonderofseed,anditsconsequences.Hecanbeshownthebirdsintheir

mating,andthemarveloftheegg,andwhyitcanproduceachicken.Andthusthechild,boyorgirl,

maybeledon,throughthegradations,toastudyofthehumanbody,andhowreproductionis

providedfor

there

as

in

the

bodies

of

all

other

living

things,

vegetable

or

animal.

Beforethechild,boyorgirl,hasreachedtheageoften,longbeforethesexinstincthasbeen

aroused,thesexuallessonwillhavebeenlearnedinnocentlyandthoroughlyand,whenthechange

comes,itwillbeasnobewildering,excitingthing,butsomethinganticipated,andreceivedwitha

senseofunderstandingandresponsibility.

Thisknowledge

almost

unknowingly

acquired

as

achild,

will

mean

health

viof

mind

and

of

body,

and

theavoidanceofwhatmayresultmostevilly.

Howissexualinstructiongivennow?Intensofthousandsofinstancesnodoubtinthemajority

notatall.Lecturestoyouthofeithersexaregivensometimes,butonlywhentheyhavereached

whatiscalledtheageofunderstanding.

Hereis

where

parents

err,

and

seriously.

The

teaching

has

been

deferred

too

long.

The

young

of

eithersex,longbeforepuberty,haveacquiredsomeknowledgeofthemysterywhichshouldhave

beennomysteryatallandlateteaching,howeversoundandwise,butgivesanaddedandinviting

directiontothesubjectsuddenlymadetoassumeanewandstartlingimportance.Itarouses

curiosity,andmore.Itmaysometimesbeharmful.vii

Asfortheyouthnevertaughtatall,thosewhoacquiretheirknowledgeonlythroughaccidental

sourcesusuallyincapable,andtoooftenvicioustheircasecouldnotbeworse.Theyare

unprepared

for

one

of

the

tests

and

demands

for

life.

Their

parents

are

guilty.

Thereisnothingimpureinnature.Toguardthechildren,topreparethemforeveryphaseoflife,is

theparentsduty.Thechildispure,andtothechildallthingsarepure.Teachthechild,simplyasa

matterofcourse,allaboutthewaysofreproduction,andtotheboyorgirlpuritywillremainwhen

theageofsexualswayandimpulsecomes.Thisistheonlylawinthecase.Letitbefollowed,andthe

generationtofollowwillbeclearer,wiser,andhealthierthanisthepresentone.viii


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ItismyhopethatthisEveryGirlsBook(withEveryBoysBookwhichprecededit)willaffordthe

meanssolongneededanddesiredforteachingchildrenwhattheyshouldbetaught.Ihavetriedto

tellthestoryofsexnaturally,inaclearandsimpleway,fromthedevelopmentoflife,andoflifes

relations,fromprotoplasmallthroughorganiclifeuptomankind.Itsteachingsshouldresultinwide

promotionoftheinnocenceofknowledgewhichisbetter,infinitely,thantheimperilinginnocenceof

ignorance.

GeorgeF.Butler,M.D.

Chicago,Ill.

July1,1912.

1

I

HOWTHESTORYBEGAN

HernamewasElsieandshewasasleepinacozynookinthewoods,whichwasthebeginningofitall.

Manystrangethingsmayhappentoalittlegirlwhofallsasleepinthewoods,buttherenever

happenedtoanyotherlittlegirl,eitherasleeporawake,inthewoodsorathome,amoreimportant

thingthanthatwhichhaditsstartforElsiewhileshelaythereunderthegreenboughsbesidea

bubblingspringofcrystalclearwater,thescentofpinesandflowerssweeteningthestillair.Arobin

redbreastwhistledmelodiouslyforrain,rain,rain,andthecowsinthepasture,whodonotlike

rainaswellas2theydosunshine,lifteduptheirvoicesinprotest,callingooooohh!moooohh!

noooohh!asiftheywere

tryingtosayno,no,no!andcouldnotspeaktheEnglishlanguagewell.Itwasapeacefulwoodland

scene,ascene

into

which,

if

you

were

awake,

you

would

expect

that

arailroad

train

would

be

about

thelastthingthatcouldpossiblyenter.

ButElsiewasasleep,andinherdreamsshewassureshesawagreatlocomotiveenginecharging

downuponherwithfrightfulspeed.Assoonasshesawitshetriedtocryout,butcouldnotdoso.

Somehowshecouldnotsendasinglesoundfromherlips.Thenshetriedtojumpoutoftheway,but

wasunabletodothateither.Shecouldnotevenmoveintheslightestdegree.So,fullofterror,she

thoughtshestoodthere,3helplessly,whiletheenginerushednearerandnearer,puffingforthvast

cloudsofblacksmoke,androaringandhissingandclanking.Againshetriedtoscream,andcould

not:againshetriedtorunaside,


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butcouldnotmove.Sheseemedsosmall,sotinyandweak,besidethatmonster!Andshewondered

howitcouldpossiblybeartohurther,abig,powerfulthinglikethatitwasnotfair!Butbang!The

cowcatchercaughtherup

Andsheawoketoseeafuzzybumblebeejustalightingonhernose!

ThoughElsiedidnot,asageneralthing,caremuchforbumblebees,andwouldratherhavetheir

roomthantheircompany,shewassohighlyrelievedtofindthatthegiganticenginewasonlya

bumblebeethatshesaid,Oh!with4suchviolenceofsurpriseandgladnessthatthebee,doubtless

asmuchafraidofherasshehadbeenofthedreamengine,shotoutofsightinaninstantandshe

neversawhimafterward,

thatshe

knew

of.

Shesatamomentstaringafterhim,tryingtocollectherself,forshewasconfusedwithhersudden

awakening,andthenshejumpeduplaughing.

Whatafunnybumblebee!sheexclaimed.Iwouldnthavehurthim!Theninconsciousdignity,

proudtothinkthatshewasnowbigenoughforsomethingtobeafraidof,shetookupthepailof

waterthat

she

had

come

to

get

from

the

spring

and

hurried

homeward.

Nowifthiswereallthestoryitwouldnotamounttomuch,anditneverwouldhavegotitselftoldin

thesepages.And,5ifElsiehadbeenlikesomegirls,whoarenotchumswiththeirmothers,thestory

would

neverhavebeentoldhereeither,becauseshewouldnothaverepeatedtheadventuretoher

mamma,inwhichcasehermammawouldnothavetakenthestoryupwherethedaughterleftit,

andshownitsimportance.ButElsieandhermotherwereliketwosisters,abigandalittleone,and

therewere

not

many

things

that

happened

to

the

one

that

the

other

did

not

hear

of

very

soon.

So

awaywentElsiesingingandlaughingandswingingherpailofwater,herbrighthairblowinginwisps

aroundhersweetfacewithitsredlipsandcheeksandwhiteteeth,theprettiest,loveliestpicturein

thewholelovelylandscapeoffoliageandflowersandpasturesandmeadows.6

Nobodyintheworldeveryetfoundaprettierpictureanywherethanafreshandcleangirlis,as

everybodywilladmitifasked,andElsiewasfreshandcleanevenifshehadjustbeenrudelyaroused

fromsleep.Shebathedherwholebodytwiceeveryday,washedherfaceandhandsoften,brushed

herteeth

always

after

eating,

smiled

agreat

deal,

and

got

plenty

of

fresh

air

and

sunshine,

and

this

wasenoughtomakeanygirlfreshandcleanandpretty,oralmostenough.


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Ofcourseagirlmusteatsufficientfood,andmustbrushherhairandtakecareofhernails,andall

thoselittlethingseverybodyknowsthat.Butthemainthings,besidefood,thethings,too,that

somelittlegirlsfailin,areair,sunshine,waterandsmiles.Elsiehadall7theseandthereforeshe

lookedclean

and

fresh

and

pretty.

Shehadonadresstoo,naturally,butIdontknowjustwhatkindofaoneitwas,forthatisasmall

mattercomparedwiththebodyitself.Ithinkitwassomekindofacalico,madeforvacationfrolicing,

forElsiewasacitygirlstayinginthecountryforthesummer,andalmostanythingwasgoodenough

forthat.

SoElsie,

fresh

and

clean,

dancing

and

singing

up

the

lane,

swinging

her

pail

of

crystal

water,

the

loveliestsightinthewholelovelylandscape,cameinviewofthehousewheretheywerestaying.And

nosoonerhadshecaughtaglimpseofhermotherontheporchthan,eagertotellherfunny

experience,sheranforwardinpleasantexcitement,cryingout:8

Oh,mamma!SuchaqueerthingOh,Oh,itwasanengine,thebiggest,biggestyoueversaw

andanditsteppedonmynoseImeanitwasonlyabumblebeeandititalmostranrightover

me

Isntmylittlegirlsomewhatmixedinherspeech!smiledhermotherasElsiepausedforbreath.

IIguessIIam!Elsiefaltered.Butthen,Imsoexcited!

Yes,youareexcited,smiledhermother,puttingherarmaroundhershouldersandwalkingwith

herto

the

kitchen.

And

when

you

are

calm

you

may

tell

me

all

about

it.

SoElsiecarriedthepailofwatertothesinkandsetitonitsshelf.Andwhenshehadworkedoffher

surplusenergyinthiswayshefeltsoberenoughtotell9herstoryclearly,andshedidso,snuggledin

her

mothersarmsinthehammockontheporch.Shefinishedbysaying:


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Wasntthatafunnything,mamma,thatIshoulddreamthatthebumblebeewasanenginejust

goingtorunoverme!

Then

the

really

important

part

of

the

story

began.

Her

mother

answered:

10

II

WHATTHEBEEWANTEDOFELSIESNOSE

Yes,itmayseemfunny,butitisnatural.Whenyouwereasleepyouheardthebeebuzzingand

rumbling,andthesoundremindedyouofanengine,soyoubegantopictureanengineinyourmind,

andwith

the

queer

mixture

of

fact

and

fancy

that

are

common

to

dreams

you

thought

it

was

coming

rightatyou.Anditwasonlyabumblebeetakingalookatyourlittleredandwhitenose.

Elsieclappedherhandsandlaughed.Thensheasked:

Whatdidthebeewanttoseemynosefor,mamma?11

Hethought,perhaps,thatitwassomenewkindofabud,andhewishedtoexamineit,Mrs.Edson

smiled.Alittlegirlsfaceisverymuchlikeaprettyflower.Yourhairwastumbledallaboutyour

head,Isuppose,andyourlittlerosebudofanose,peekingthrough,attractedthebee.

AtthisideaElsielaughedagain,joyously.

But,mamma,sheasked,whyshouldthebeewishtoseemynose,evenifhedidthinkitmightbe

aflower?Dobeeseatflowers,mamma?

Elsiesmotherthrewherasuddenlookthatwasalmostastartledone.Thenshehuggedherclose

andkissedher.


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Whatagreatbiglittlegirlyouaregettingtobe,darling!shesaid,gazingfondlyather.Thisdidnot

seemto12Elsiemuchlikeananswertoherquestion,andshefixedhereyesbrightlyonhermothers

faceasif

waitingforhertogoonwithherwords.Buthermotheronlysaid:Iscarcelyrealizedthatyouwere

nolonger

my

little

baby

girl,

and

that

you

were

instead

almost

ayoung

lady,

old

enough

to

understandmanynewthings,amongthemthereasonwhyabeegoestoflowers.

Shepausedagain,lookingatherbiglittlegirlwistfully.Shewasthinking:Elsiehasbeguntobea

womannow,andIshallsoon,alltoosoon,losemybabygirl,forshewillgrowupandmarryandgo

awaytoahomeofherownandhavealittlegirllikeherself,justasIhavehadher!

Thismade

her

feel

sad,

but

she

said

nothing

to

Elsie

of

this

feeling,

for

she

13would

not

be

able

to

understanditanditwouldonlymakeherfeelsadtoo.Byandbyshewouldtellherwhatitmeantto

havea

husbandandchildrenandhomeofherown,afterherparentswerepassedaway,andshemustbegin

toprepareherforthisknowledgenow.So,finally,shesaid:

No,darling,beesdonoteatflowers,thoughtheyeatapartofthem,oraproductofthem.Themost

importantthingthattheyvisitflowersfor,asfarastheworldisconcerned,istofertilizethem.

Ferferilize!stammeredElsie.Whatisthat,mamma?

Notferferilize,darling,butfertilize,fertilize,whichmeanstomakerich,orfruitful.Asstrangeasit

mayseemthebeesandotherinsectsareofvastimportancetomenshh!14

Shesuddenlyheldupherhand,motioningforsilence,andElsie,wonderingwhatwascoming,

followedhermotherspointingfingerwithhereyes.Whatshesawwasabeehoveringoverabright

yellowbuttercupthatgrewalmostwithinreachofwhereshesat.

Watchhim!whisperedhermother.


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Elsiedidso,holdingherbreathforfearofscaringhimaway.Healightedontheflower,crawled

clumsilyoveritforasecondortwo,pausingnowandthentoburyhisheadintheblossom,buthe

didnotdoanythingelse,thatElsiecouldsee,excepttotumbleaboutveryawkwardlyandfunnilyand

thenflyawaytoanotherbuttercupandrepeattheoperation.Elsiedrewalongbreathandlookedat

hermotherinquiringly.15

Itdidnotseemasifhedidmuch,didit,dearie!shesaidinanswertothelook.Butinrealityhedid

agreatdeal,forhewhatshallIsaymarried?Yes,married!Thebeeactuallymarriedthosetwo

buttercupstogether,sothatnextseason,whenthesetwoflowers,thepapaandmamma,aredead

andgone,therewillspringupandgrowotherbuttercups,babyplants,thechildrenofthesetwo.Ifit

werenotforthebee,orotherinsects,weshouldhavenobrightflowersintheworld.

Oh!Elsies

eyes

opened

wide.

She

thought

amoment,

then,

Could

he

marry

my

nose

to

anything?sheburstforth.Butseeingtheabsurdityofthenotionbeforethewordswerefairlyoutof

hermouthshejoinedinhermotherslaughteroverit.16

No,dearie,ofcoursenot.Itisonlyflowersthatbeesmarrytogether.Andnottheleaststrangething

aboutitisthattheydonotknowtheyaredoingso.

Dontknow

what

they

are

doing!

exclaimed

Elsie.

Oh,yes,theyknowwhattheyaredoingforthemselves,buttheycanthavetheleastnotionofwhat

theyaredoingfortheflowersandindeedforthewholeworld!Withoutplantstherecouldbenolife

ofanykindonearth.Itistheplantsthatproducelife.Throughthemcomeanimals,andevenmen

andwomenandlittlegirls.Theplantsfeedontheearthandair,whichmenandanimalscannotdo.A

manoralambcannoteatthesoilorliveonair,butaplantlivesbyeatingthemineralsandgasesand

wateroftheearthandair,and17themanandthelambeattheplants,andsoareabletolive.

Withoutthe

plants

we

could

not

exist,andwithouttheinsects,whichfertilizetheplants,sothattheycangrow,theplantsthemselves

wouldsoondie.Dontyouthinknowthatwhatthebeedidwasquiteanimportantmatter,evenifit

didseemsotrivial?

Yeyes,Elsiehesitated.Shedidnotyetgraspthefulldepthofhermotherswords.Theymeantso

much!But,shecontinued,herbrighteyeseagerlyturnedonhermothersface,wedonteatthe

buttercup,mamma,dowe?


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No,sweetie,butwedoeatverygladlyapartofit,andthatisthepartthatthebeevisitedtheflower

for,andwhichhetookawayashisfeeformarryingthetwo.Canyouguesswhatitis?18

The

idea

of

a

bee

performing

a

marriage

between

flowers

and

taking

a

fee

for

it

was

a

little

too

much

forElsie,andwhenitwasaddedthatsheandhermotheratethisfeesuchalookofamazement

cameintohersweetfacethathermothercouldnothelpsmilingbroadly.

Itisthehoney,littlegirlie,shesaid.Thebeetakesthehoneyfromtheflowerandcarriesithome

tothehive,wherehestoresitupuntilhehasagreatmassofit,andthenthebeemangetsitand

sellsittothegrocer,whosellsittous.

Well!saidElsieslowly,ifthatisntstrange!Shesatamomentthinkingofthismiracle,her

motherwatchingherlovinglyandconsideringwhatsheoughttosaynext,forshehadagreatsecret

totellherlittledaughter,19asecretsogreatandimportantthatmuchwisethoughtwasrequiredto

studyoutjusthowtomakeitplaintoagirlasyoungasElsie.Besides,shewasinterestedtoknow

whatElsieherself

wouldsaynext,forshewasbringingheruptothinklogically,sothatshemightknowalwayshowto

asktherightquestionattherighttime,insteadofthewrongone.Andshewasverymuchpleased

whenElsie,insteadofputtingthelastquestionfirst,assomelittlegirlswouldhavedone,putthe

right

one

first

by

saying:

But,mamma,howcanflowersmarry!Andhowcanabeepossiblymarrythem?

Thiswastherightquestiontoaskfirst,evenifitwasakindofdoubleheadedone,becausethis

marriagewasthefirst20ofthewondersthathadamazedher,andtheanswertoitwouldlead

logicallytothefee

andthe

honey

eaten

by

people,

and

these

questions

would

be

easier

to

make

plain

after

the

first

one

wasanswered.

21

III

THEHUSBANDSANDWIVESOFPLANTS

Mrs.Edson

drew

along

breath

because

she

knew

the

time

had

arrived

when,

for

her

little

daughters

sake,shemustgivehertheinformationwhichwouldmarkhergrowthfromgirlhoodintoyoung


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womanhood,andthefactdisturbedher,forshedidnotwanttoloseherlittlegirl,eveninexchange

forthelovelyyoungladywhomsheknewwouldtakethatdearlittlegirlsplace.Butitmustbedone,

and,thankfulthatshehadstudiedthesubjectenoughtoknowhowtodoitinaniceandplainway,

shebegan:22

Inthefirstplace,dear,shesaid,youmustknowthattheflowersarethehusbandsandwivesof

plants,madesobynature.TheyareintheirwayastrulymarriedasMr.andMrs.Jonesareintheir

way,orasyourpapaandIare.Thismarriageisalawofnature,inventedtocarryontherace,

whateverthatracemaybe,whetheritisthatofmankind,orplants,oranimals,orbirds,oreven

fishes.Fornotonlydomenandflowersmarry,everythinginnaturedoesthesameturtles,frogs,

robins,elephants,everything!

Elsiewishedverymuchatthispointtoaskifhermotherhadeverseenanelephantswife,thinking

thatshemustlookratherfunny,muchdifferent,tosaytheleast,fromaflowerswife,butasthe

answercametoheratonce,23withoutaskingthequestion,shesaidnothing.Ofcoursean

elephantswifemustbeanotherelephant,astheflowerswifewasanotherflower.Butitwasallvery

singular,andthesparkleofher

eyesasshelookedintohermothersfaceshowedherinterestinwhatmightbecoming.Mrs.Edson

wenton:

Wewillbeginwithplants,becausetheycamefirstintotheworldaslivingbeings,andallotherliving

beingsnotonlyhadtheirorigininplantsbutlivebyaidofthemtothisday.Fromtheplantsgrew

animals,andfromanimalsgrewmenandwomenandlittlegirls.Ittookalong,longtimeforallthis

tocomeabout,solongthatthehumanmindfailstograsporcomprehendit;andatfirst,whenone

hearsofitforthefirsttime,itseemswhollyimpossibleand24unbelievable.Butsciencehasprovedit

tobetrue,andevenshowstheexactwayinwhichthevariouschangesweremade.Many,ifnotall,

thestepsbywhichwe

mounted

from

the

condition

of

a

tiny

speck

of

jelly

plant,

a

speck

no

bigger

than

the

point

of

a

pin,

to

becomehumanbeingsarestillinexistenceandarefrequentlyobservedbyscientists.Witha

microscopeanybodymayseethem.Soweknowthatthetheoryofevolution,asitiscalled,isatrue

one.Itisalsoanexceedinglywonderfulandbeautifultruth,fullofsecretsandsurprisesofthemost

interestinganddelightfulkind,asIshallshow.Nowletsgoandexaminethebuttercupthatthebee

justmarriedtothesecondbuttercup.

Elsiejumpedupwithalittlegurgleofjoyandranaheadofhermothertothe25flower.Thiswas

betterthanplayingsecretwithRosieandEvaandtheothergirls,fortheirsecretswerenotreal

ones,theywere


12/42

justmadeupandtheydidnotamounttoverymuchafterall,butthiswasarealone,keptupin

earnestwiththebeesandflowers.Andnowshewastobeletintoit!Mrs.Edsonbentoverthebright

yellowblossom,takingitgentlyinherfingerstopreventitfromnoddingsobrisklyinthebreezethat

theyshouldbeunabletoexamineitclosely.

Yousee,dear,shesaid,pointingwithatwigtothedifferentpartsasshenamedthem,righthere,

intheexactcenteroftheblossom,isabunchofgreengrowingintheformofanoval,shaped

somewhatlikeaneggwiththesmallerendupward.26

Yes,oh,yes!Elsieansweredeagerly.Whatisit,mamma?

Broadlyspeakingwewillcallittheovary.Iamnotgoingtoconfuseyoubygivingyoutoomanyhard

wordsatfirst,wordslikecorolla,carpel,style,stigma,andthelike.Ishallnameonlytwopartsofthe

flowerforyoutorememberjustnow,becauseonlytwoarereallynecessarytobenamedatthis

point.Sothenameofthisoneiswhat?

Ovary!answeredElsiequickly.

Yes,ovary!Itiscalledsobecauseitcontainsovules,whicharetinyseedsoreggs.Thatisthemother

partoftheplant.

Themother!Elsiequeried.Why,mamma,isthereafathertoo?

Yes,dearie,manyplantshavebothamotherandafatherpart,whichgrow27neartogetherinthe

sameflower,whileotherplantshaveonlyafatherpart,andstillothershaveonlyamotherpart.This

buttercup

hasboth,hasboththemaleandthefemaleprinciple.Theovaryisthefemale,andhere,aboveitand

surroundingit,youseeanumberoftallerspires,yellowincolorandeachofthembearingatiny

enlargement,akindofknob,atthetop.

Yes,yes,butthatthatcantbethepapapart!Isit,mamma?shecried,examiningtherather

insignificantappearingspiresdubiously.Theydontlookmuchlikeaapapa!shesaidinsome

disappointment.Her

mother

laughed.


13/42

Theycertainlydonotlookmuchlikeamanpapa,shereturned,buttheyformthepapapartofthe

plant,nevertheless,andaretrulythepapasofthe28babybuttercups.Andtheirnameisthesecond

onethatI

wishyoutorememberfromnowon.Itisstamen.

Stamen!saidElsie.

Yes,eachofthesestemsiscalledastamen,andtheyformthemalepartoftheplant,thefather

part.Manyplants,thoseofthesimplerkinds,haveonlyonestamenanditgrowsintheflowerso

that

its

head

hangs

right

above

the

ovary.

Here

you

see

that

all

of

the

stamens

are

above

the

ovary,

andthereasonwhytheyareplacedtherebynatureyouwillseeverysoon.WhatIwishnowisto

showyouwhythebeecametotheflower.

Iknowitwasforhoney!Isntthatwhatyousaidbefore,mamma?

Yes,darling,butdoyouseeanyhoneyhere?29

No,mamma,andIneverknewbeforethatbuttercupshadhoney.Ialwaysthoughthoneycame

fromabeehive.

Itdoescometousfromabeehive,butitcomesfromflowersfirst,andoneofthemanykindsthat

furnishitisthisbuttercup.Thebeesipsitfromtheflowers,justatinybitfromeachblossomthathe

visits,andwhenhehasenoughhetakesithometothehiveandputsitawaytoeatbyandby,inthe

winter,whentherearenoflowersgrowingforhimtorifle.Hedoesitjustasmenlayawaymoneyfor

arainyday,aswesay,andassquirrelslayupastoreofnutsforthecoldweather.Now,suppose

youcountthoseflattened,roundcorneredpartsofthebuttercuphowmanyarethere?

Five,saidElsiequickly.30

Yes,therearefiveofthem,andtheyarecalledpetals.Youwillnoticethattheyaremuchnarrower

andslighteratthebottomthantheyareatthetop.Itisatthebottomthattheyarejoinedtothe


14/42

centralpartoftheflower.Now,justwheretheyareconnectedwiththiscentralpartthereisatiny

sackofhoney.

It

must

be

very

tiny,

said

Elsie,

regarding

the

slender

connection

earnestly,

for

there

isnt

room

enoughformuch,Imsure.Anditmustbeallcoveredup,forIcantseeanysignsofit.

Itiscoveredup.Thereisaverysmallscale,orleaf,overittoprotectitfromthoseinsectswhohave

norighttothehoney.Butthebeeknowshowtogetatit,andhedoessoveryquickly,oncehe

alightsontheblossom,aswe31havejustseenonedo.Forwhileheappearedasifheweremerely

tumblingclumsilyaroundontheflowerhewassamplingthosehoneysacks,andwesawhow

speedilyhefinishedallfive

ofthem

on

this

flower

and

then

buzzed

busily

away

to

the

other.

Hewasjustthesameasatdinner,then,wasnthemamma!Butwhydidhegototheotherflower

didnthegetallhewantedfromthisone?

No,darlingest,hegetsbutverylittlefromeachflower.Ifhecouldtakeallhewantedfromonehe

wouldneverflyrighttoanother.Andthen,ifalltheotherinsectsshoulddothesame,thewholeplan

ofnature

would

fall

through

and

there

would

soon

be

no

life

on

earth.

Elsieseyeslookedverylargewhensheheardthis.32

WouldIdie,andyou,mamma,andallofusAliceandRosie,and,oh,everybodyweknow?

Yes,dearie,

all

of

us.

Those

few

simple

plants

which

still,

in

the

primitive

way,

fertilize

themselves,

arenotenoughandaretooweaktocarryonthevegetationoftheearth,andwithouttheinsectsand

birdsandthewindwenevershouldhavebeenbornatall;fortheyarenecessarytomaketheplants

reproducetheirkindsandgrow,andtheplantsarenecessaryfoodforusaswellasfortheanimals

thatweeat,suchasthehensandducksandsheepandcows.Sonaturehasgiveneachfloweronlya

littlehoney,notenoughforthebee,andheiscompelledtoflytomanybeforehebecomessatisfied.

Andthisbringsusbacktothestamenandovaryagain,toshow33whattheyareforandhowthebee

marriesthetwoplantstogetherafterhehascollectedhisfeeofdelicioushoney.


15/42

Iamalltention,saidElsie,insoquaintanimitationofolderfolksthathermotherwasforcedto

smile,knowingthatshehadalistenerthatwasinterested,tosaytheleastalistenerwhofeltthe

importanceandgravityofthestudywhichtheywerenowpursuing.Elsieneverattemptedbigwords

exceptwhenshefeltdignified.

34

IV

THEPAPAANDMAMMAPARTSOFTHEPLANTS

Now,saidMrs.Edson,takingholdofthebuttercupagain,youseehere,atthetopofeachstamen,

theslightenlargementthatImentioned.Itlookslikeakindofknob,anditreallyisahard,hollow

sack,orbag,containingafineyellowpowder,whichiscalledpollen.Isthatplainsofar,dearie?

Pollen,yes,mamma!Anddoyouwishmetorememberthatnametoo?

Yes,itisverynecessarythatyoushoulddoso.Youwillsoonlearnwhy.Nowlookagainatthegreen

ovary.Thatisalsohollow,andcontainsseedsoreggs,asIsaidbefore.Inplantswe35callthemseeds

and

in

animals

eggs.

And

it

is

these

seeds

that

grow

into

the

baby

plants.

But

they

cannot

grow

alone,

withouthelp.Withacertainkindofhelptheycananddogrow,andwhatdoyousupposethathelp

is?

Elsiegazedearnestlyathermother,tryingtothinkitout.Butshewascompelledtoshakeherhead

afterall.

Icantimagine,shesaid.

Nothingbutthatsomeofthepollenshallbemixedwiththem,saidhermother.

Oh,Isee,Isee!Elsiecrieddelightedly.Thatiswhythestamenswiththepolleninthemareright

overtheovaries.


16/42

Yes,dear,youhaveguessedit.Theripepollen,fallingintotheripeovary,wouldfertilizetheseeds.

Andwith36someplants,theearlierandsimplerkinds,thisisjustwhathappens.Buthereyoucan

seethatthe

ovaryisnotripe.Itishardandgreen.Whenitisripeitscolorisyellow.Butthepollenisripenow,

youcan

see

it

all

over

the

anthers,

as

the

knobs

or

sacks

are

called.

If

the

pollen

should

fall

upon

the

ovarynowitwouldrolloffwithoutentering,andwouldbewasted.Nowwhatdoyousuppose

happens?

Thethe

Elsiehesitated,lookingwithverybrighteyesathermother,almostsureenoughtogoon,butnot

quite.It

seemed

so

peculiar,

the

thought

that

had

come

to

her,

and

she

did

not

see

just

how

it

could

be.

Youweregoingtosaythebee,werentyou?hermothersmiled.37

Ohyesandwouldthathavebeenright?Elsiecriedindelight.

Yes,thatwouldhavebeenexactlyright.Ifwehadbeennearenoughtoexaminethebeesmotions

closelyweshouldhaveseenthathealightedontheovary,andthenbegantoturnhereandtherein

ordertogetatthehoneyatthebaseofeachpetal.Ashedidsohebrushedoffsomeofthepollen,

forhewasrightinamongstthestamens,andthispowderypollenstucktohisfuzzybodyandhe

carrieditawaywithhim.

Butifhecarrieditawayhowcoulditgetintotheflowersovary?Elsieasked,puzzled.

Itdidnotgetintothisflowersovary,hermotheranswered.Naturedidnotintendthatitshould,

andthatiswhythebeeisintroduced.Forthe38otherbuttercupthatheflewto,orsomeotherone

thathe

wouldvisitafterward,wouldhaveitsovaryripe,andwhenhealightedonitinsearchofhoneysome

ofthepollenwouldbebrushedoffhisbodyrightintothisovarythatwasallreadytoreceiveit.


17/42

Oh!Butwhatwouldhappenthen?Thelittlebabybuttercupswouldbegintogrowrightaway,

mamma?

Yes,

the

ovary

would

close

up

and

the

seeds

would

begin

to

grow,

very

slowly.

They

would

keep

on

growinguntiltheywereripeandthentheywouldbursttheircoveringandfalloutontheground.

Thoseofthemthatwerefortunateenoughtobecomeembeddedinthesoil,sothattheywouldnot

freezeinthewinter,wouldcomeoutinthespringaslittleplants,whichwouldsoonbring39forth

buttercups.Thatisthe

waywiththewildflowers.Butwiththecultivatedones,likecucumbers,apples,beans,andthelike,

allofthosethatarevaluableforeating,wearecarefultosavetheseedsandplantthemwherethey

willbesafe.Insteadofleavingthemtochancewemakeagardenandplanttheminitwheretheywill

besnugandwarm.

Andwouldnttheseedsgrow,orthelittleplantscomeup,ifthebeehadntgonetotheflowers,

mamma?

No,darling,itisthebee,orsomeotherinsect,orthebirds,thatmarryallthebrightcoloredplants

inthisway,asthewindmarriesthesoberhuedones.Withouttheseweshouldhavenovegetation.

But,mamma,marry!Whydoyousaytheymarry?Ithoughtonlymenandwomenmarried.40

Themarriagethattakesplacebetweenmenandwomen,dear,isonlyarepetitionofthemarriage

ofplants.Itsobjectisthesametoreproducetherace.Plantsbegantomarrylong,longbeforemen

andwomenevercameonearthandhavebeendoingiteversince,fortunatelyforus,becauseifthey

shouldgiveupthepracticeweshouldhavetofollowsuit.Theearthwouldgobacktothebarren

stateinwhichitwasbeforelifecametoit.

Itseemssostrange,saidElsie.Why,Ineverheardofanythingsofunny!Abee,justalittlebee,

andwithouthim

Funnyisscarcelytheword,Mrs.Edsonsmiled,butitiscertainlywonderful.Thepumpkin,the

bean,thepear,thesquash,theorange,allthefruits41andvegetablesthatweeat,andwhichthe

animalseat,must

befertilized

in

order

to

reproduce

their

kind,

and

all

the

fertilizing

is

done

either

by

the

wind,

which

blowsthepollenfromoneplanttoanother,orbybirdsandinsects.Butthisisonlyasmallpartofthe


18/42

secretIhavetotellyou,justthebeginning.TherearemanymorewonderfulthingstocomethanI

havetoldyouyet,butIthinkthisisenoughforthefirsttime.Youwouldbetterthinkoverwhatyou

havehearduntiltomorrow,whenIwilltellyouthenextstep,whichisabouttheanimals.Thereare

fourthingsinthislessonthatyoumustremember:

First,everymaleplanthasatleastonestamen,whichbearspollen.

Second,everyfemaleplanthasoneovarywhichcontainsseeds.42

Third,theseedsintheovarymustbefertilizedbythepolleninthestamensinordertobeableto

grow

and

bear

children.

Fourth,flowersarefertilizedbybirds,insectsandthewind.

Doyouthinkyoucanrememberallthat,darling?

Oh,yes,

mamma,

Im

sure

Ican!

said

Elsie.

She

thought

amoment

and

then

added:

It

was

very

niceofthatbumblebeetomistakemynoseforaflower,Imsure,foritwasalmostasifheshould

say,Doesntshelooksweettheremustbehoneythere!ButIguesshedidntthinkIwasvery

sweetwhenIalmostscaredhimtodeath,poorfellow!

43

V

THEFIRSTLIFEONEARTH

ThenextdayElsiewassoeagerforthehourtocomewhensheshouldlearnthesecretoftheanimals

thatshehadbeenwaitinginthehammockquitealittlewhilewhenhermothercamedownstairs

andassoonassheappearedinsightElsieclappedherhandsjoyously,cryingout:

NowIshallhearhowtheanimalsgettheirhoney,shantI,mumsey?But,mumsey,thereisnt

anythinglikethepetalsofabuttercuponananimal,unlessitshisearsdoanimalshavetheirhoney

therewheretheyjointhebodylikethebuttercups?44


19/42

Mrs.Edsoncouldnothelplaughingatthisfunnynotion.

No,darling,sheanswered,animalshavenohoneyanywhere.Intheplantsthereishoneybecause

they

must

have

something

to

attract

the

insects

to

them,

for

they

are

rooted

in

the

ground

and

cant

movearoundtocarrytheirpollentotheotherplants.Andthispollenmustbecarried,you

remember,forthatistheway,andtheonlyway,inwhichlittleonesaremadetobeborn.Sothe

flowerhasthehoneyinordertopaytheinsectformarryingit.Butanimalscanmovearound.They

cangotoeachotherandcarrytheirownpollen,sotheydonotneedhoneyoranythingbut

themselvestoattracteachother.Inanimalsthereisloveinsteadofhoney.Theyloveeachother,in

theirway,and45socometogetherandmingletheireggsandpollen.Onlyitisnotcalledpollenin

animals,asIsaidbefore.Itiscalledzosperms,

pronouncedzooosperms.Thatisanothernamethatyoumustnotforget,foritistotheanimal

what

pollen

is

to

the

plant.

And

in

order

that

little

animals

may

be

born

it

is

quite

as

necessary

that

thezospermscoverorfertilizetheeggs,as,withtheplants,itisforthepollentofertilizetheseeds.

But,mamma,saidElsie,wonderingly,yousaid,Ithink,thateveryplanthadanovary

No,darling,Isaidthateveryfemaleplanthadanovary.

Oh,yes,femaleplant!Thathasanovary,andeverymaleplanthasastamen,andIthinkyousaid

thattheymusthave,didntyou?46

Yes,dear,inordertoreproducetheirkindtheymusthavewhy?

Well,then,doeseverymaleanimalhaveastamenandeveryfemaleanovary?

Certainlydarling!Andletmerepeatthattheproductsofthetwomustbemingledinordertobring

forthlittleanimals.ThatisjustwhatIamgoingtotellyouabouttoday.

Anddoyoumean,mamma,thathoneyintheplantsgrowsintoloveintheanimals?Elsieasked,

hereyesverywide.


20/42

Oh,thatisaverybeautifulthoughtformylittlegirltohave!Mrs.Edsonexclaimed,smoothing

Elsieshairlovingly.And,yes,thatisthetruth,putverypoetically.Loveissweet,likethehoneythat

itreplacesatleast47itisforushumanbeings.Probablywiththeanimalsitisnotofjustthesame

qualitythatitiswithus,fortheydonotactasifitwere,butatleasttheanimalsareanimprovement

ontheplantsinthis

respect,andthelovethattheyfeelforeachotherfinallyevolves,inus,tobecomethesweetthing

thatwefindittobe.

Isntthatlovelyandsostrange!exclaimedElsie.

Yes,darling,itislovely,andverystrange.Therearevariouskindsoflove,aswellasvariousdegrees

ofthe

same

kind,

but

this

is

asubject

alittle

too

deep

for

us

to

take

up

just

yet.

What

Iwish

now

is

to

teachyouhowtheanimalsmarry.AndIwillbeginbysayingthatallformsofreproduction,whichis

thenamegiventohavingchildren,48followthesameprinciple.Theanimalsmarryinawaythatis

onlya

variationoftheplantway,andmenandwomenmarryinawaythatisavariationoftheplantand

animalways.Butletusbeginright,withthefirstappearanceoflifeonearth.

Yes,mamma,Elsiecriedeagerly.Butthefirstlife!Thatmusthavebeenvery,verylongago,wasnt

it?

Itwassofarbackinthehistoryoftheworldthatwecanscarcelymorethanguesshowlongagoit

musthavebeen.Wedonotevenknowwhereitfirstappearedorjusthowitcametobe.Some

scientistsbelievethatitoccurredatthemouthoftheNileRiver,inAfrica,intherichsoilthatthe

riverdepositstherewhenitoverflowsitsbanks.Othersthinkitwasinthesea,oralong49theshores

ofsomeoceanina

tropical

country.

But

we

need

not

go

into

that

here.

What

we

do

know

is

that

the

hot

sun,

shining

on

acertainspotontheearthorsea,whichwasjustintherightcondition,producedthefirstbody

containinglifethattheglobeeverhad,andthatthisbodywasonlyalittlespeckofjellylike

substance,whichwecallprotoplasm,protoplasm.Thewordmeansfirstgrowth,foritwasthe

firstthingthateverappearedthatwascapableofgrowing.Wealsocallitacell.Nowtherewasonly

onecellintheworld.Ithadnocompanions.Andwhatdoyousupposehappened?

Itmusthavebeenverylonesome,suggestedElsie,sympathetically.


21/42

Yes,itmusthavebeencertainlyitmustifitcouldfeelorthink.But,50atallevents,whetherornot

itdidfeellonely,itbeganrightawaytomakecompanions.Ofcourseyoucantthinkhowitdidthat,

canyou,

dear?

IIamafraidnot,Elsiehesitated.

Yetitwastheverysimplestwayimaginable.Itmerelydivideditselfintotwoparts,eachofwhich

wasjustliketheother.

Oh!exclaimed

Elsie.

But,

then,

mamma,

who

could

tell

which

was

the

father

or

mother,

and

which

wasthechild?Orweretheyjustbrotherandsister,ortwobrothers?

Therewasnotthenwhatwenowcallsex,forthatwasonlythebeginningoffamilies,sotosay,

anditwasverycrude,asallthingsarewhentheyarefirststarted.Butperhapswemightcallonecell

themotheroftheother,51sinceitisalwaysthefemale,andnotthemale,thatbringsforthchildren,

thoughnobodycouldtellwhichwasthemotherandwhichwasthechild.

Well,saidElsie,thatisthestrangestthingyet!

Itseemssotous,becauseitissodifferentfromourwayofreproducing,butitwasthenaturalway,

andthesameprocessisgoingontothisday.Evenlittlegirlsareborninamannerwhich,thoughit

appearsverydifferent,isthesameinprinciple,asweshallsee.

But,mamma,

Ithought

that

all

living

beings

were

obliged

to

have

astamen

or

an

ovary!

Sotheyareobliged,dear!Thiscellgrewuntilitwastoolargeandheavytobesupportedbyits

structure,orlackofstructure,andthenitfellapart.52Force,orgrowth,wasthestamenhere,and

thecellitself

wastheovary.

Oh,thenforceorgrowthwasthefirststamen,mamma?


22/42

No,darling,itwasnot,unlessweshouldcallgrowththestamenoftodaywhichwemightdo,ina

way.Butthefirststamenwas,inform,arayofthesun,andthefirstovarywastheearth,soil.For

dontyourecallthatthiscell,whichwasthefirstlifeform,wasproducedbythesunshiningonthe

earthor

sea?

Elsieponderedonthisamoment.Thenherfacebrightened.

Oh,nowIsee!sheexclaimed.Andwhatabeautifulsetofchanges,likerealpoetry!Thestamenin

aflower,andgrowth,andarayofsunlightarealloneatbottom!53

Yes,darling,itisbeautifulpoetry,whenonecomesthoroughlytounderstandit.Andwhenwefind

thatloveisthesourceofallthesedifferentformsandprocessesitbecomesmorebeautifulthan

ever.Nowletusgoonalittlefurtherandyouwillseehowthatis.

Pleasehurry,mamma!saidElsie.IwishtofindoutwhereIcamefrom,andyouaregoingtotell

methat,arentyou?

Certainly,darling!ThatiswhatIhavebeenleadinguptoallthistime.Nowwewillspeakofa

numberofhighergrowthsthanthesinglecellsare,forthereareseveralthingsyettobemadeplain

beforeyouwillbeabletounderstandthehighestgrowthofall,whichisthatofahumanbeinglike

yourself.

54

VI

WHEREBABYANIMALSCOMEFROM

Atthatmomenttheresoundedahoarsenoisenearby,whichwasfollowedbyasplash,asifsome

bodyhadtumbledintothepond.Elsielookedathermotherroguishlyandsaid:

OldCroaky!


23/42

OldCroakywasagranddaddybullfrogwithwhomtheywereverywellacquainted,forhesangfor

themeveryevening.

I

am

glad

that

he

spoke

just

as

he

did,

Mrs.

Edson

smiled,

for

he

reminds

me

that

frogs

are

as

goodanexampleasIcantakenext.Hebelongstooneofthelowerclassesofanimals,notso55very

muchhigher

thantheplants.Now,intheplants,youwillremember,itwasnecessaryforthepollentoenterthe

ovaryinordertoreachandfertilizetheseeds.Butwiththefrogitisnotso.Thefemalelaystheeggs

first,andjustassheisdoingsothemaleplaceshimselfinsuchapositiontowardsherthathecan

minglehiszospermswithhereggsastheycomeout.Thatfertilizesthemandtheyimmediately

begintogrow.Firsttheybecometadpoles,andthenlittlefrogs.

What,wasOldCroakyeveralittletadpole,mumsey?

Yes,darling,hewas.Everyfrogwasonce.Andbeforethathewasanegg,oneofmany,inhis

mothersovary,anditissowithallanimals.Theyallofthemhaveeggsandzosperms,just56asthe

plantshave

pollenandseeds.Only,withmostoftheanimals,thezospermsmustentertheovaryinorderto

fertilizetheeggs,asisthewayoftheplants.Anditisthesamewiththebirds.Theyarehigher,thatis

later,in

the

scale

of

life

than

the

frogs

are.

Now

the

higher

the

creature

the

more

complicated

becomestheprocessofreproduction,eventhoughtheprincipleisalwaysthesame.Itisalways

growth,alwaysthelifewithin,forcingitselfouttotakeform,anditisonlytheformsthatchange.

Thelifeandforcewithinarethesamethatthefirstsinglecellhad.

Itisverywonderful,mamma,Elsiesaid,awedbythemystery,eventhoughshewasveryfarfrom

graspingthewholeofit.Andthebirds,mamma,57havetheystamens,andeggsinside?Ithought

theireggs

wereoutside,inalittlenest.Andsomeofthemare,mumsey,because,youknow,Ihaveseenthem

lotsoftimes.

Yes,theeggscomeoutwhereyoucanseethem,intime,asthefrogsdo,butatfirsttheyareinside

themotherbird,astheyarewiththefrogsandallanimals.Only,itisnotwiththebirdsasitiswith

thefrogs,forthebirdseggsmustbefertilizedbythemalezospermswhiletheyarestillwithinthe

motherbird.Thezospermsmustentertheovaryasthepollenmustentertheovaryoftheplant.So

themalebird,likemostmaleanimals,hasastamenwhichisarepetitionofthatoftheflower,made

ofsuch

ashape

that

it

can

reach

the

eggs

in

the

mother

birds

ovary

and

58fertilize

them

there.

Then

theycomeout,theyarelaid


24/42

aswesay,andweseetheminthenestwhichthemotherandfatherbirdshavepreparedforthem.

Andjustastheseedsneedtobecoveredandkeptwarm,whentheyhavefallenfromtheripepods

totheground,inorderthattheymayliveandgrowintobabyplants,sothebirdseggsmustbe

coveredandkeptwarmandsafeinorderthattheymaygrowintobirdies.Itisjustherethatyoumay

seewherethehoneyoftheplantsbeginstobecomeloveinthehigherspecies.Forinsteadofleaving

theeggstobeprotectedornot,accordingtochance,asisthewayoftheplants,themotherbird

coversandwarmsandprotectsthemherself.Shesitsonthenestandkeepsthemsafewithherown

bodyandfeathers.Isnt59thatlovely!Andthefatherbirdgoestomarketinthewoodsandfieldsand

bringsherthedaintiestandbest

foodhecanfind.

Isnthenice!saidElsieappreciatively.

Yes,heisnice,andsoishiswife,themotherbird.Justthink!Abirdisthemostenergeticand

tirelesscreatureinallanimatednature.Itisalwaysonthemove,urgedbytheforceandoverflowing

lifewithinitsbody,andtosittherequietlyallaloneontheeggsdayafterdayandnightafternight

oh,itmustbehard,sohardthatwecanscarcelyrealizetheextentofthesacrificesheismakingfor

herlittlechildren.Thatiswhatloveislike.Andthehigheracreatureisinthescaleoflifethemore

loveithas,until,inmenandwomen,60theacmeisreachedandtheynotonlygiveuptheircomfort

foreachother,andespeciallyfor

theirchildren,

but

even

their

lives

themselves.

With

human

beings

one

can

tell

how

high

agiven

one

isinthescaleofhumanitybytheamountoflovehehas.Somepersonshaveverylittle,andtheyare

nearertheanimalplane:somehaveagreatdeal,andthemoretheyhave,thelessselfishtheyare,

thehighertheyhaverisen.Forloveistherealstamenthatfertilizestheworldandmakesitgrow,

andthemoreonehasofitthemorelifeonegivestotheuniverse.

Elsiefeltverygraveforsomemoments,thinkingoutthisdeepmatter.Itwastoocomplexforherto

realizewholly,butshecaughtglimpsesoftheimmortalbeautyoftheideasandshewasawed61by

it.

Suddenly

shethrewherarmsaroundhermothersneckandkissedherpassionately.Ithadoccurredtoherall

atoncehowmuchhermotherlovedherandhowmuchshemusthavesacrificedforhersakeduring

alltheyearsofherlittlelife,andthoughshehadnoconceptionofthefullextentofthesacrificeshe

sawenoughtomakeherfeellikecryingforveryloveofthatdearandsweetmamma.Hermother

understoodherandtakingherinherarmshuggedherclosely,sittinginsilencewithherforalong

time,bothofthemtoofullofloveforeachothertospeak.Andsothelessonforthedayended.

62

VII


25/42

WHEREBABYGIRLSCOMEFROM

Now,mumsey,criedElsiethenextday,runningtohermotheratthehoursetasidefortheirbaby

talks,

I

know

what

comes

nextits

I,

isnt

it?

Yes,darling,itsyou.AnditsI,too.Isntthatabeautifulthought,thatyouandIheldthesame

relationtoeachotherthatthemotherbirdholdstotheeggfromwhichthebirdiescome!Foronce

youwereatiny,tinyegginsidemammajustasitwaswiththebirds.

Ohh!gaspedElsie,gazingathermotherinbewilderment.Shecouldnot63realizesuchan

astounding

thing

at

once.

Yes,darling,Mrs.Edsonwenton,everyfemalehumanbeinghasanovary,justaseveryfemale

flowerhas,andjustaseveryfemalebirdhas;and,alsolikethem,shehasseedsoreggsinthisovary.

Andshehasagreatmanyofthem.Theyhavebeengrowingwithinhereversinceshewasababy,

andwhensheisabouttwelveyearsoldtheybegintoripen,oneatatime,andpassfromtheovary

intoanestthatisallreadyfortheminsidethefemalebody.Thisnestwecallthewomb.Atfirst,

whilesheissoyoung,thewombisnotstrongenoughtoholdtheeggwhileitgrows,sotheeggsoon

leavesitsnesttocomeintotheworldandbelost,assoverymanyseedsoftheplantare.Asit

64doesso

it

acts

in

such

away

on

the

young

girl

that,

when

she

first

becomes

aware

that

something

whichseemsstrangeishappeningtoher,

sheisfrightenedanddoesnotknowwhattodo.Andasyou,darling,arenowattheagewhenthis

mustcometoyouverysoon,Iamgoingtoprepareyouforit,sothatyoumayknowthatitisnatural,

comingtoallgirlsofaboutyourage,andthatthereisnothingtobealarmedover.Allthetalksthat

wehavehadwereintendedasakindofintroductiontothiseventanditsconsequences,foritisthe

greatestthatentersagirlslifebeforeshehasgrownfullytobeawoman.Andyouwereonceoneof

thesetinyeggs.Morethanthat,younowhavewithinyourbody,agreatnumberofthatverykindof

eggsfromwhichyousprang.65

Elsiesatwithhereyesinbreathlessinterestonhermother,sofilledwithwonderandspeculation

thatshecouldnotaskasinglequestion.Mrs.Edsonproceeded:

Imustrepeatdear,becauseitissoveryimportantforyoutoremember,thateverywomanhasan

ovarywhichcontainsmanyseedsoreggs,justasthefemaleflowerhas.Theseeggs,ifleft

unfertilized,willpassfromthebodyandnevergrowanymore.Buteachone,iffertilizedbythepapa,

asthe

birds

eggs

were,

and

as

the

flower

seeds

were,

will

stay

in

alittle

nook

inside

the

mothers

body,whereitwillgrowandgrowuntilthetimecomesforittoburstforthintotheworld,following


26/42

thesameprinciplethatthefirstcellfollowedinreproducing,andwhichalllivingthings66follow

always.Thelifewithinforcesitaway

fromtheparent,tobecomeaseparategrowth.Thenitwillcomeforth,andbehold,thetinyseedor

egghasgrowntobeababygirlorboy,weighingseveralpounds!

Ohh!Elsiegaspedagain.AndthatishowhowIcametobeborn,mamma!

Yes,darlingest,itisthewayinwhicheverylivingpersonwasborn.Thereisnot,andtherecannot

be,anyotherway.Eachchildisapartbothofitsfatherandmother.Theegginthemotherwould

nevergrowintoababyunlessithadfirstbeenfertilizedbythefather,whodoessothroughhisgreat

loveforthemamma,justaswiththebirdsandanimals,thoughhisloveisofahigherkindthanthat

ofthe

lower

orders.

67

Anddoesthemotherwomanwarmtheeggsasthebirdinthenestdoes,mamma,whilethepapa

manbringshernicethingstoeat?

Yes,dearie,onlythemotherwomanhasthenestinsideherbody,asIhavesaid,andshekeepsthe

littleonesafeandwarmtheremuchlongerthanthebirdsitsonhernest.Andthinkofalltheyears

afterthe

baby

is

born

that

she

waits

on

and

cares

for

it!

There

is

no

other

love

that

equals

in

devotionthatofthemother.

Elsie,withoutaword,hereyesswimmingintears,kissedhermotheraffectionately.Shehadrealized

alittlemoreofwhatsheowedtoher.

Now,saidMrs.Edson,Imusttellyouhowtocareforthisnestinwhich,byandby,whenyouhave

grownup

68and

have

ahusband

and

are

strong

enough,

you

will

be

keeping

alittle

baby

of

your

own.

Becausemanygirlswhobecomemarrieddonotknowthesethingsthereisadreadfulamountof

sicknessandmiseryintheworld,allneedless.Anditdoesseemtoobadwhenmerelyafewwords

attherighttimewouldhavesaveditall!

OfcourseElsiewasnotoldenoughtounderstandhowthiscouldbe,soshesaidnothing,butsat

lookingearnestlyathermotherasshewenton:


27/42

Inthefirstplace,dear,youmustknowthatthelittlebabysnest,whichwecallthewomb,isplaced

inthelowerportionofthewomansbody,justabovetheprivateparts.Perhapsitisputthere

becauseitisthesafestplaceforitinthewholebodyfortheeggsand69wombareverydelicate,

andmustnotbeexposedtoanydangerofinjury.Soitgrowsintheinteriorofthetrunk,where

outsidedangerswouldbeless

likelytoreachandspoilit,sothatthewomanwouldbesickallherlifeandneverhaveanychildren.

Manyhopelessfemalecomplaints,endingwithprematureandpainfuldeath,arecausedbylackof

propercareofthewombanditsentrance.Thatcareconsistschieflyinpreventingthewombfrom

beingtouchedbyanything,andkeepingtheentranceclean.Itisverysimplejustkeeptheentrance

cleanandthewombuntouchedbyanything.Anobservanceofsuchslightrulesasthesewouldhave

savedmanyandmanyapoorsoulfromalifeofcontinualmiseryandsuffering.70

I

have

told

you,

dear,

long

ago

how

to

keep

the

entrance

clean.

And

now

that

you

will

soon

begin

to

menstruate,asthepassingoutoftheeggsiscalled,Ishallhavebutlittletoaddtowhatyoualready

know,butIwillrepeatitfromthebeginninginorderthatyoumayhaveitallclearinyourmind.

First,bathetheentranceeverytimeyoubathetherestofyourbody,andatsuchothertimesasyou

mayfeeltheneedofdoingso.Neverneglectthis.Itmayhaveevilconsequences.Justkeepitclean,

andnevertouchitforanyotherpurpose.Andbecarefultouseonlyyourowntowels,fordiseaseis

easilycommunicatedtothesepartsbyclothsthatarenotclean,andyounevercanbetoocarefulin

thisrespect.Itisplainenough,andeasyenoughtodo,71isntitdarlingandyouwillalways

rememberaboutit,wontyou?

Oh,yes,mamma,thatiseasyenough!Elsiesaidquickly.Icouldrememberalotmorethanthat,

Imsure.

Itwouldhavebeensoinfinitelymuchbetterforsomanypoorsickcreaturesiftheyhadknownand

rememberedeventhat!Mrs.Edsonsighed,holdingherlittledaughterclosely,asifshewould

protecther

from

not

only

that

harm

but

all

others.

But,

she

continued,

I

must

now

tell

you

what

youmaybeexpectingtocometoyoubeforelong,whenitwillbehardertokeeptheentranceclean

thanithasbeensofar,andwhentokeepitcleanwillbemorenecessarythanever.

Everytwentyeightdays,dearie,beginningwithyouverysoonnow,there72willbeaflowofblood

intothelittlebabysnest,thewomb,andthiswillcomeoutofyourbodythroughthisentranceto

thewomb.

As

soon

as

you

see

any

signs

of

it

on

your

body

or

clothing

you

must

come

right

and

tell

me,

as

you

wouldifyouhadcutyourfingerorstubbedyourtoeonastone.Itissomethingtobeveryproudof


28/42

foritshowsthepossibilityofmotherhood,anditmustbegiventheverybestcare,whichis,asIhave

said,chieflytokeepthepartsclean.Byandbywhenyouaregrownoldenoughandstrongenough,

andhaveahusband,whowillfertilizetheeggs,oneofthemwillgrowintoalittlebaby,butitwillbe

alongtimeyetbeforethatcanbe,anduntilthenyouwillhavethisfloweverytwentyeightdays,for

thesakeofyourhealth.This73bringsmoreworkforthewombtodo,whilethemenses,astheyare

called,continue,andthereforeyoumayfeeloutofsortsbothmentallyandbodilyfortwoorthree

days.Butthiswillpassaway

whentheflowceases,andifpropercareistakenofthewombandpassagesyouwillneverfeel

anythingworsethanthis.Somewomenfeelgreatpainatthistime,butalmostalwaysthereasonis

thatsomeoftheirinternalpartshavebeeninjuredinonewayoranother.Sometimeslackofproper

food,sufficientfreshairandsun,ornotenoughexerciseandcleanwaterareresponsiblefora

portionofthepain.Inordertohavestrongreproductiveorgansawomanshouldbehealthyinall

bodilyways,andanythingthatshecandotoimprovehergeneralhealthwillbefavorableto74herat

thetimeofthemensesaswellasatall

times.Doyouthinkyouunderstandallthis,darling,andcanrememberit?

Idontknow,mamma,saidElsiehesitatingly.Thereisalottoit,butIlltry.

Thatismydearlittlegirl!Totryisthenextthingtodoing.Onlyrememberthatwhenyoudont

knowwhattodo,andhavetried,cometomamma.Thatisonegreatreasonwhymammasareto

helplittle

girls

who

have

tried.

Elsiekissedhermotherwarmly,andthensatlookingdreamilyouttowardsthewoods.Shehad

learnedmanystrangethingsandwasthinkingthemover.Suddenlyshespoke,asifunconsciously,

saying:75Who

wouldeverhavethoughtthatsomuchcouldcomeoutofit!

Outofwhat?hermotherasked.

Why,outofabeetryingtosteponmynose!saidElsie.

(TheEnd.)


29/42

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Every Girl`s Book