Experiment 16 : Pressure Exerted By Liquids

Procedure:

A.1. Drop about 100g of lead shot into the bottom of the glass tube. Pour some melted paraffin over the shots to hold them in place.2. Place the weighted end down in a tall cylinder containing water. Mark the level of water on the glass tube.3. Remove the tube and measure the depth, h as the distance between the water level mark and the bottom of the glass tube.4. Weigh the tube and record it mass M.5. Measure the outside diameter of the tube. From this value, determine the radius r.6. Add a 50 mg mass to the lead shots at the bottom of the tube, then dip the tube into the water. Mark the level of water and record the depth, h for trial 2.7. Repeat the procedure for a total of five trials adding 50 more grams with each trial.8. Perform computations required to complete the data table.

B.1. Prepare a 3.40% salt solution by dissolving 3.50g of salt in 96.50 mL water to stimulate the salinity of sea water.2. Repeat Procedure A using the salt solution instead of tap water. Perform five trials. Record all data obtained.

Data :

Trial Mass (m) Force (F)1 100g 980N2 150g 1470N3 200g 1960N4 250g 2450N5 300g 2940N

Average 200g 1960N

Formulas :

Pressure (P) = F Density (d) = W Force (F) = dAhg A VPressure (P) = dhg P = hd

Conclusion :

Float a test tube (with some lead shot) Lead Shot vertically; first in water, and then in a salt solution. Mark the two levels to which the test tube floated in two fluids. We can see that the depth to which the test tube sinks in water is a little more than in salt solution. Density of the salt solution is greater than that of water.

The upthrust of fluids increases Denser fluids need less to be with density and this is the reason displaced to float objectwhy the test tube sinks less in saltsolution.

The same object sinks to different depths in fluids of different densities.

Experiment 17 : The Fixed Points Of A Thermometer

Procedure :

A. The Melting Point of Ice1. Wrap a rug around a glass funnel ( to minimize transfer of

energy) and support it with a ring clamped to an iron stand. Place a glass beaker below it.

2. Place crushed ice into the funnel and place a thermometer into it. Be sure the thermometer bulb is surrounded with ice and the zero mark just above the ice. Observe the behavior of the mercury column of the thermometer. Take several readings within 10 minutes at regular time intervals to ensure that the entire system have all come to the same temperature.

3. Record readings nearest to tenths of a degree.4. Empty the container and dry the funnel and beaker.5. Express the correction for the thermometer reading as –

or +, according to whether the freezing point observed was higher or lower than the true value. This correction should be added algebraically to all readings near the freezing point taken with this thermometer.