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EYE MOVEMENTSNBIO 401
Monday, November 22, 2010Ric Robinson
Objectives:-Be able to describe the neural pathway of the VOR, i.e., the pathway through which vestibular information contracts eye muscles. (labyrinth - vestibular nuclei -oculomotor neurons.)
-Be able to explain why the VOR is important to clear vision.
-Be able to explain how putting cool or warm water into the ear elicits eye movements.
-Be able to explain how optokinetic nystagmus aids the VOR.
-Be able to describe the characteristics of the 6 types of eye movements we make (counting fixation as an “eye movement”).
-Be able to characterize the changes in accommodation that always accompany vergence and what purpose combined vergence and accommodation serve.
-Be able to describe the neural pathways underlying each of the 6 types of eye movements.
-Be able to characterize the map of visual and motor space on the surface of the superior colliculus (SC).
-Be able to describe the spatial to temporal transformation in saccade processing. - Be able to explain the reciprocal relationship between the activity in the substantia nigra pars reticulata and the SC. What is the caudate doing during a saccade?
Opsoclonus - young baby
30°
a pp ro xim ate p la neo f h or izo nta l can a ls
t il tin g pa tie nts head 30 ° up fr omh orizon ta l orients the hor izon ta lca na ls ap pro x im ate ly v ertical
30 °
app ro xim ate p la neo f h or izo nta l c a na ls
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f a s t e y em o v e m e n t s
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Caloric Testing
Eye (normal)
Target
1 second
20° eye
rotationEye
(cerebellar lesion)
Smooth pursuit example
TIME
Eye (normal)
Target
1 second
20° eye
rotationEye
(cerebellar lesion)
Smooth pursuit example
TIME
Smooth Pursuit Pathways
Saccade Example
Saccade Pathways
Pre Motor Network for Horizontal Saccades
Pre Motor Network for Vertical Saccades
AbducensNucleus
SNr and Superior Colliculus Activity During a Saccade