Fact families can be made with three related numbers. We say they are related because we can make two true multiplication sentences and two true division sentences. See how the numbers 2,8,16 are related.

2 x 8 = 16 8 x 2 = 16 These are turn-around facts.

16 / 2 = 8 16 / 8 = 2 Notice how the quotient and the divisor trade places.

Notice that the largest number is always the product in the multiplication sentence and the dividend in the division sentence.

See how the numbers 4,6,24 are related.

4 x 6 = 24 6 x 4 = 24

24 / 6 = 4 24 / 4 = 6

Dividend Dividend

Product Product

The area of a shape refers to the space within the lines of the shape.

Area can be found by finding the number of square units within a shape.

1 2

3 4 5 6

7 8Area = 8 sq units

Area of a square or rectangle can be foundby multiplying the length times the width.

Try this…..

Find the area of each figure below.

Click on the box to check you answer.

7 inches

7 inches

20 cm

8 cm

Area = 7 x 7 = 49 sq inchesArea = 20 x 8 = 160 sq cm

The perimeter is the distance around an object.

7 cm7 cm

14 cm

5 cm

Perimeter = 33cm

Try this…..

Find the perimeter of each figure below.

Click on the box to check you answer.

2 cm4 cm

6 cm

3 cm

3 cm

2 cm

14 inches

8 inches

14 + 14 + 8 +8 = 44 inches

6 + 2 + 3 + 2 +3 + 4 = 20 cm

An ANGLE is the amount of turning between the two sides of the angle.

area of t

urning

Right Angle

90 degrees

Acute Angle

Less than 90 degrees

Obtuse Angle

More than 90 degrees

1 2 3 4

78

9

10

2. obtuse

3. Right angle

1. acute

4. acute

5 6

5. obtuse

6. acute

7. Right angle

8. obtuse

9. obtuse

10.obtuse

Click on the numbers one through ten to identify each type of angle.

All bar graphs need:

1. A Title

2. Axes labeled with names of the two variables

3. Show the values of the variables

4. Need a scale that will accurately display the data

An average is a single value that represents a set of numbers. For example, the average grade for a student is the one number that is used to represent all grades in a subject area.The median is the number exactly in the middle of a set of numbers.

In a list of numbers where there is an odd number of values, the exact middle number will be the median.EXAMPLE.. In five basketball games John scores 12, 8, 6, 3, and 15 points. Put these numbers in order….

3,6,8,12,158 is the median because it is the exact middle.

To find the median the list of numbers must be listed in order from small to large.

In a list of numbers where there is an even number of values, find the two middle numbers and determine the middle of those two numbers.EXAMPLE..

After six quizzes Sara as these score, 18,16,14,20. Put these numbers in order… 14,16,18,20 Find the two middle numbers…16,18…determine what is exactly in the middle of those two numbers….

17 is the median

Try this…..

On the first five spelling tests Tony received these scores….88,91,75,100,78.

What is his median score?

Click the box to reveal the solution.75, 78, 88, 91,

100

Try this….. Terry opens six bags of M&M’s. There are 24,33, 22, 18,27,20 M&M’s in the opened bags. What is his median score?Click the box to reveal the solution.

18,20,22,24,27,33

22 and 24 are the middle two numbers. 23 is the median because it is exactly between 22 and 24

Place value helps to organize our numbers so that they can be read and understood by everybody.

When we talk about “place”, we are asking you to name the place value location of the number.

When we talk about “value”, we are asking how much a digit is worth in a particular “place”.

______ ______ ______, ______ ______ ______, ______ ______ ______

on

es

tens

hun

dre

ds

thou

sand

s

Ten

thou

sand

s

Hu

ndre

d

thou

sand

s

mill

ions

Ten m

illio

ns

Hu

ndre

d m

illio

ns

Let’s look at the number 1,487.

We can identify the place and the value for each digit.

Place Value

1 Thousands 1,000

4 Hundreds 400

8 Tens 80

7 Ones 7

One way to remember the difference is that you will write the place of a number using words….tens, hundreds…..

You will write the value of a number using numbers….200.. 40… 3000

Another way to think about value is to take the digit and multiply it times the place it is in….look at this….

The number 3,582….the five is in the hundreds place….so we will multiply 5 x 100 = 500. The value of the 5 is 500.Ones - 1 Tens – 10 Hundreds – 100

Thousands – 1,000

Ten Thousands – 10,000 Hundred Thousands – 100,000

Millions – 1,000,000 Ten Millions – 10,000,000

Hundred Millions – 100,000,000

Factors are two numbers that we can multiply together to equal a third number….examples

12 18

1 x 12 1 x 18

2 x 6 2 x 9

3 x 4 Multiples is another way of saying “counting by”. If you are asked for the first five multiples of 3, you would count by 3… 3,6,9,12,15

Prime numbers only have two factors….the number 1 and the number itself. 7 is a prime number because the only factors are 7 and 1…19 is a prime number because the only factors 19 and 1.Composite numbers are numbers that have more than two factors.

In other words numbers that are not prime numbers are composite numbers.

12 is an example of a composite number. It has the factors.. 1,12,2,6,3,4.

Square numbers are numbers that can be found by multiplying a number by itself.

2 x 2 = 4 4 is a square number

6 x 6 = 36 36 is a square number

When used as the length and width of a rectangle, they will be the dimensions of a square.

They can be written as 6 = 6 x 6. This can be read “six squared”.

2

Prime factors are a series of prime numbers that when multiplied, will equal a given number. We find these prim numbers by creating factor trees.24

8 3

4 2

2 2

2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 24