ჟურნალისტიკის სახელმძღვანელო

www.idem-institute.orgfnfsc.fnst.org

FNFSC

9 789941 271335

ISBN 978-9941-27-133-5

სამეწარმეო და ეკონომიკური

ჟურნალისტიკის საფუძვლები

samewarmeo da ekonomikuri

Jurnalistikis safuZvlebi

pandeli pani

ulrike fiSer-butmaloius

TanaavtorobiT

fridrix naumanis fondi TavisuflebisTvis

ISBN 978-9941-27-133-5

© Friedrich Naumann Stiftung für die Freiheit

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sarCevi

Sesavali biznesisa da ekonomikis sferos JurnalistikaSi .....11

Tavi I. ra qmnis karg biznesistorias ...............................................14

Tavi II. sad da rogor moviZioT masala ..........................................23

Tavi III. ricxvebi da statistika .........................................................48

Tavi IV. sicxade efuZneba simartives ...............................................60

Tavi V. rogor movifiqroT mimzidveli biznesistoriebi ........66

Tavi VI. eqspertebisagan aRebuli interviuebi .............................88

Tavi VII. rogor CaviniSnoT STambeWdavi SeniSvnebi

konferenciis mimdinareobisas ............................................................98

Tavi VIII. sasargeblo kontaqtebis damyareba ..............................103

Tavi IX. saboloo rCevebi biznesistoriebis werisas ...............105

Tavi X. sityvari ......................................................................................111

bibliografia ...........................................................................................116

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„fridrix naumanis fondi TavisuflebisaTvis“ msof-lios 60-ze met qveyanaSi icavs liberalur faseulobebs, rogoricaa: adamianis uflebebi, Ria sazogadoeba, ganaT-leba, socialuri sabazro ekonomika, pasuxismgebloba da individualuri Tavisufleba.

am saqmianobis farglebSi 2016 wels fridrix nauma-nis fondma germaniis sagareo saqmeTa saministros mxar-daWeriT demokratiis, mediisa da kulturuli urTi-erTgacvlis institutsa da adgilobriv partniorebTan TanamSromlobiT wamoiwyo samwliani saganmanaTleblo proeqti samxreTkavkasieli JurnalistebisaTvis.

sam TxuTmetkacian jgufSi sxvadasxva asakisa da pro-fesiuli gamocdilebis mqone Jurnalistebma somxeTidan, azerbaijanidan da saqarTvelodan miiRes maRali donis treningebi da praqtikuli gamocdileba ekonomikis, kul-turuli faseulobebisa da konfliqtebis Temebze obieq-turi Jurnalisturi saqmianobis Sesaxeb.

am saganmanaTleblo proeqtis mizania – wvlili Seita-nos miukerZoebeli Jurnalistikis ganviTarebaSi da re-gionaluri mediis warmomadgenlebs Soris kavSirebi daam-yaros.

samxreTkavkasiis regionis Jurnalistebisa da saerTa-Soriso da adgilobrivi eqspertebis am Teoriuli da praq tikuli TanamSromlobis Sedegad momzadda sami sa-xel mZRvanelo obieqturi Jurnalistikis Temaze sam konk-retul sferoSi: ekonomika, kulturuli faseulobebi da konfliqtebi.

peter-andreas boxmani

fridrix naumanis fond TavisuflebisaTvis samxreT kavkasiis proeqtis xelmZRvaneli

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avtoris Sesaxeb

doqtori pandeli pani 25 welia muSaobs Jurnalis-tad, konsultantad da atarebs treningebs. man moamza-da da Caatara Jurnalistebis araerTi gadamzadebis treningi ukrainaSi, balkaneTis, dsT-s da centraluri aziis qveynebSi. rogorc konsultanti, is metwilad da-kavebulia saxelmwifo radiomauwyeblobis sazogadoeb-riv radiod gardasaxvisa (aRmosavleTi evropa, ukraina) da sakrebuloebis radios (Community Radios) Camoyalibebis (samxreT-aRmosavleTi evropa, mianma) problematikiT. mowveuli pedagogis statusiT moRvaweobda berlinis Ta-visufal universitetSi, bonisa da ienis universitetebSi, aseve tiranas universitetSi, kirilesa da meTodes saxe-lobis universitetSi (bulgareTi) da iv. javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi.

Tanaavtoris Sesaxeb

doqtori ulrike fiSer-butmaloiu aris Jurnalisti, treningebis wamyvani da docenti. berlinis Tavisufali universitetis JurnalistTa saerTaSoriso kolegiaSi uZ-Rveboda gadamzadebis treningebs, romlebSic monawile-obdnen Jurnalistebi evropis yvela qveynidan, dsT-dan da aSS-dan. treningebisa da leqcia-seminarebis Casatareblad miwveuli iyo egvipteSi, palestinaSi, ganaSi, kambojaSi, cen-tralur aziaSi, balkaneTisa da kavkasiis qveynebSi, mihya-vda media-kulturis (Media Literacy), politikuri komunik-aciis, Jurnalisturi praqtikis kursebi. misi sadoqtoro naSromis Temaa rusuli media krizisul situaciebSi.

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Tavisufali da damoukidebeli media mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs qveyanaSi demokratiuli kulturis Ses-anarCuneblad. mas wvlili Seaqvs sazogadoebrivi azris CamoyalibebaSi da, amgvarad, centralur sazogadoebriv amocanas asrulebs. am funqciis Rirseulad Sesruleba rom SeZlon, Jurnalistebs gansakuTrebuli privilegie-bi da kvlevis SesaZleblobebi eZlevaT. Tumca es maT au-ditoriisa da zogadad sazogadoebis winaSe mniSvnelovan pasuxismgeblobasac akisrebT. es pasuxismgeblobaa aramx-olod reportaJis msvlelobisas sifrTxilis movaleoba, rodesac saqme delikatur Temebs exeba, rogoricaa, mag-aliTad, konfliqti anda kapitalis bazrebisa Tu finans-uri produqtebis Sesaxeb informacia, aramed profesi-uli donis mudmivad amaRlebis aucileblobac.

saqarTveloSi, somxeTsa da azerbaijanSi Cveulebrivi Jurnalisturi ganaTleba zogadi mimarTulebis Jur-nelistebis aRzrdiskenaa mimarTuli, vinc `yvelaferze~ weren. profesiuli momzadebis farTo speqtri saSuale-bas aZlevT, sxvadasxva Temaze weron. magram, radgan maTi ganaTleba, pirvel yovlisa, dRis aqtualuri Temebis da-muSavebaze da siRrmis nacvlad sifarTovezea gaTvlili, amitomac maT profesiul sazRvrebs maTive zogadi ganaT-leba gansazRvravs, xolo axali Temebis Sesaswavlad da codnis gasaRrmaveblad dro aRar rCebaT; imave problemas awydebian maSin, rodesac konfliqtebis, krizisebisa Tu katastrofebis Sesaxeb uwevT reportaJis momzadeba.

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finansebisa da biznesis Sesaxeb reportaJis, sazoga do-ebaSi `gansxvavebulobasTan~/`mravalferovnebasTan~ mi - marTebisa da, aseve, konfliqtebisadmi faqizi Jurnal-istikis Temebze Catarebuli treningebiT fridrix nau-manis fondi TavisuflebisaTvis exmaureba aramxolod samxreT kavkasiis qveynebSi am TemebTan dakavSirebiT Se-qmnil moTxovnilebas, aramed zogadad msoflioSi Jur-nalistebis mimarT moTxovnebis zrdasac, radgan Jur-nalistebs dRiTi dRe sul ufro me ti profesiuli da socialuri unarebi moeTxovebaT.

rogor unda weron Jurnalistebma finansur Temebze ise, rom maTi reportaJi saintereso, cocxali da mkiTx-velisaTvis gasagebi gamovides? rogor moiZion informa-cia finansuri da biznes-organizaciebis Sesaxeb? rogor SeinarCunon obieqturoba krizisebis, konfliqtebisa da omebis Sesaxeb werisas? ra kriteriumebiT izomeba Jur-nalisturi kvalifikacia krizisul epoqebSi? ramdenad did gavlenas axdens stereotipebi da crurwmena Sesa-bamisi qveynebis mediaze? rogori SeiZleba iyos diskrim-inaciisagan Tavisufali reportaJi? – es, zogierTi is sakiTxi Tu Temaa, romlebic vorqSopebze ganixiles. Teoriuli codna praqtikuli Jurnalisturi samuSaoTi Seavses. vorqSopis farglebSi monawileebi sam jgufad daiyvnen da erTobliv proeqtebze imuSaves, gamokiTxve-bi da interviuebi awarmoes, miRebuli informacia gaaR-rmaves da aqcentebi gamoyves. Semdeg momzadebuli pro-eqtebis saerTo ganxilva moxda da monawileebs miecaT saSualeba, TavianT samuSaoze esaubraT, pirvel yovlisa ki, Jurnalisturi eTikis problemebi ganexilaT.

saerTaSoriso jgufebSi muSaobisas monawileebs sa-Sualeba miecaT, urTierTgadamkveTi Temebi ganexilaT da profesiuli areali gaefarToebinaT, amasTan iseTi

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daqselili kontaqtebi daemyarebinaT, samomavlo muSao-baSi rom daexmarebaT. damatebiTi kompetenciis ganvi-TarebiT vorqSopebis monawileTaTvis axali profilebis SeZenis SesaZleblobebic Cndeba, rac maTTvis sakuTari sabazro fasis amaRlebis sawindaricaa. monawileTa didi interesi, is cocxali diskusiebi, romlebic vorqSopebis msvlelobisas da maT Semdgomac gaimarTa, da erToblivad momzadebuli proeqtebi aSkarad cxadyofs, Tu ramdenad mniSvnelovania gadamzadebis amgvari RonisZiebebi Jur-nalisturi profesionalizmis amaRlebisaTvis.

dabolos, rac aranakleb mniSvnelovania: erTmaneTTan Sexvedris, erTurTis ukeT gacnobisa da erToblivi mu Sa-obis SesaZleblobam sxvadasxva erovnebis warmomadgeneli Jurnalistebi mravali crurwmenisa Tu stereotipisagan gaaTavisufla. yvela monawiles imedi aqvs, rom momaval-Si SeZleben aramxolod sakuTari reportaJebiT Tavian-Ti auditoriis ukeT informirebas, aramed xalxTa Soris urTierTgagebaSi wvlilis Setanasac.

pandeli paninoemberi, 2017

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Sesavali biznesisa da ekonomikis sferos JurnalistikaSi

saocaria, ramdenad xSirad gaigonebT xalxisagan, maT Soris Jurnalistebisganac, aseT frazas – biznesi da ekonomika ar gvainteresebso. da mainc, am sferoebiviT siRrmiseulad da xangrZlivad cota ram Tu zemoqmedebs sazogadoebaze.

fiWuri telefoni an CanTa SesaZloa didi biznesis istoriis sawyisi wertili aRmoCndes. sad iyideT tele-foni? ratom iyideT es brendi? ramdeni gadaixadeT? ad-gilobrivi kompania awarmoebs am telefons Tu globalu-ri? vin avrcelebs am telefons?

kargi biznesis istoriebi Cven garSemoa!biznesisa da ekonomikis UJurnalistika Jurnalistikis

is sferoa, romelic eZebs, aanalizebs da ganmartavs sazogadoebis ekonomikur mdgomareobas. am bolo xanebSi gamodis ekonomikaSi specializebuli gazeTebi (mag.: http://businessgeorgia.ge/; http://www.banks.am/en/; http://express.am/), rad-gan wamyvani gazeTebi ar esadageba biznesis sferos. tele- Tu radiogadacemebi agreTve yoveldRiurad atrialeben eqskluziuri biznesisaTvis gamoyofil „fanjaras“, rac saredaqcio politikis nawilia.

Jurnalistikis es sfero Zalze mniSvnelovani Seiqna bolo wlebSi, ramdenadac xalxma metis codna moisurva im kompaniebis Sesaxeb, romelTa produqciasac iZens da

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romelTa momsaxurebiTac sargeblobs. amas garda, mra-valerovnuli kompaniebisa da eleqtronuli komerciis zrdam gaafarTova momxmareblis baza bevri kompaniisaT-vis, romlebic TavianT produqciasa da momsaxurebas wi-naT mcire, adgilobriv bazrebze yiddnen.

kargi Jurnalistika acocxlebs biznessa da ekonomi-kas da sainteresosa da relevanturs xdis maT ara mar-to biznesmenTaTvis, aramed farTo auditoriisaTvisac. msgavsad im Jurnalistebisa, romlebic mimoixilaven po-litikasa Tu samTavrobo saqmianobas da movaleni arian, Tanamdebobis pirebs daakisron TavianT saqmianobaze angariSgebis valdebuleba da simarTlis dadgenisa Tu xalxisaTvis misi miwodebis pasuxismgebloba, ekonomiku-ri sferos Jurnalistebic valdebulni arian, itvirTon Sesabamisi pasuxismgebloba.

codna da unar-Cvevebi

profesional biznes-Jurnalistad Camoyalibeba xan gr-Zlivi procesia, romelic mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi grZeldeba. biznesJurnalistebis misamarTiT gamoTqmuli erT-erTi yvelaze seriozuli braldebaa maTi arasakma-risi ganswavluloba im sferoSi, romelsac mimoixilaven. diax, SesaZloa iyo eqsperti JurnalistikaSi da ara biznesSi; an mimoixilavde am sferos da werde zogadad ekonomikaze. biznessa da finansebze msjeloba SesaZloa ar saWiroebdes akademiuri xarisxis flobas am dargeb-Si. Tumca moiTxovs ekonomikis, biznesisa da finansebis detalebSi gaTviTcnobierebas, siaxleebis moZiebaSi, in-formaciis damuSavebasa da prezentaciaSi daostatebas.

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am sferos momcveli Jurnalistikis upirvelesi mova-leobaa droTa ganmavlobaSi sazogadoebaSi mimdinare ekonomikur cvlilebebsa da biznesis tendenciebze yu-radRebiT dakvirveba da maTi ufro farTo globaluri ganviTarebisaTvis misadageba. Jurnalisti, umeteswilad, valdebulia globalurad iazrovnos da lokalurobis gaTvaliswinebiT weros.

da kidev, aucilebelia icodeT, rogor moiZioT sazo-gadoebisaTvis saintereso ideebi biznessa da ekonomikaSi Jurnalisturi miznebisaTvis.

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Tavi I. ra qmnis karg biznesistorias

mravali TvalsazrisiT, biznesistoria srulebiT ar gansxvavdeba Cveulebrivi sagazeTo masalisagan. is unda iyos zusti, gamowvlilviTi, kargad gamokvleuli, daba-lansebuli da sxvadasxva wyarodan miRebuli informaciis damtevi. oRond biznesisa da ekonomikis sakiTxebze Seqm-nil ambebSi ricxvebs, specifikur TariRebsa da statis-tikas ukiduresad didi mniSvneloba eniWeba.

5W, 1H da kidev ori sakvanZo kiTxva

kargi reportiori yovelTvis iwyebs Zireuli SekiTxve-biT: vin? ra? sad? rodis? ratom? rogor? (romlebic cnobilia, rogorc 5W da 1H kiTxva).

warmatebuli biznesreportiorebi ar gaurbian iseT SekiTxvebs, rogoricaa: ra Rirs esa Tu is nivTi, saidan modis fuli da visTan midis.

kompaniis gayidvis ambavi, magaliTad, unda ityo-binebodes gasayid fass, dasaqmebulTa raodenobas da axal mflobelTa vinaobas. Senobis gayidvis fasi unda gvimxeldes gasayid fass, Senobis sidides, mis asaksa da im kuTvnili miwis zomas, romelzedac dgas; sxvagvarad ambavi arasrulyofili iqneba.

kidev erTi magaliTi: Tu hipertoniis axali upatento wamali gadis bazarze, zogadi ambebis mimomxilveli Jur-

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nalisti Seecdeba cota ram gaigos wamlis efeqtianobaze, ingredientebsa da masze Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebze. Tumca biznesreportiori Caxedavs ricxvebs da ikiTxavs: „ra Rirs axali wamali?~ „rogoria am wamlis fasis Ta-nafardoba bazarze gamotanili sxva wamlebis fasebTan?~ „vin iSovis fuls am axali wamlis wyalobiT – eqimebi, mwarmoebeli Tu farmacevtuli kompania?“

biznesreportiorma uyoymanod unda dasvas kiTxvebi fulisa da misi xarjvis Sesaxeb; xolo Tu mza pasuxs ver miiRebs, unda gamoiZios.

kidev erTi gansxvavebaa am sakiTxisadmi midgomaSi zo-gad mimomxilvelsa da biznesreportiors Soris.

magaliTad, rodesac axali ambebis zogadi mimomxil-vel-reportiori mTavrobis mier subsidirebul axali sac-xovrebeli nagebobebis mSenebloba-ganviTarebaze wers, igi SeiZleba, pirvel yovlisa, dainteresdes imiT, Tu:

• rogor SeirCeva saxlis moijare• ra Tanxas gadaixdis igi saijarod• rogoria rogorc politikuri, iseve samezoblos

mxardaWera• rogoria proeqtis sawinaaRmdegod gamoTqmuli az-

ri.

magram biznesreportiorma aseve unda icodes:

• romeli kontraqtorebi dajildovdnen satendero winadadebiT

• ramdenia TiToeuli kontraqtis Rirebuleba• ramdeni adamiani dasaqmdeba mSeneblobis periodSi

da mogvianebiT – proeqtis samarTavad• moitans Tu ara kapitals (fuls) proeqtis fasian

qaRaldebSi dabandeba • rogor unda moxerxdes valis gastumreba.

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humanuri elementi

zemoxsenebuli nedli masala biznesisa da ekonomikis siaxleebisaTvis gaxlavT ricxvebi da statistika. Tumca biznesistoria SesaZloa iyos ekonomikaze, finansebze, saerTo wilebze, sargebelsa da danakargze da mainc Jurnalistikis sferos miekuTvnebodes; aqedan gamomdi-nare, ekonomika da biznesi mudam yvelaze ukeT Suqdeba.

ricxvebi, TavisTavad, SesaZloa, ar iyos mkafio in-formaciis momcemi, amitom saWiroa aCvenoT, rogor ze-moqmedebs es yvelaferi adamianis cxovrebaze. iseve, ro-gorc axali ambebis yvela kargi gadacema, mZlavri bizne-sistoria mudam gviCvenebs adamianur elements. xSirad biznesreportiorebi imdenad amaxvilebdnen yuradRebas ricxvebsa da teqnikur informaciaze, rom aRar axseneben, ekonomikur politikas da ar gviCveneben, biznesgaremoSi TavCenili es cvlilebebi (dabegvra, monetaruli poli-tika da sxv.) rogor zemoqmedebs xalxze yoveldRiurad. momxmareblebi biznesis mamoZravebeli Zalaa – momxmare-blebis gareSe biznesi daixureba. yoveli mowodebuli biznesistoria da ekonomikasTan dakavSirebuli ambavi xazs unda usvamdes mis kavSirs momxmarebelTa ama Tu im kategoriasTan da gviCvenebdes, rogor zemoqmedebs ambis Tema mis myidvelebze, mommarageblebze, mwarmoe-blebsa da, zogadad, sazogadoebaze. biznesze statiis Sinaarsis mimarT xalxis – gansakuTrebiT ki, auditoriis – damokidebuleba gansazRvravs mis sandoobas. magali-Tad, mzard inflaciaze gadmocemuli faqtebis mniSvne-lovneba gaqarwyldeba, Tu man ar asaxa, rogor aferxebs es ambavi Cveulebrivi adamianis winsvlas keTildReobis-ken. arc statistikis erovnuli biuro da arc qveynis erovnuli banki ar izrunebs, rom imoqmedos myisierad da bunebrivad – inflaciis Sesabamisad, romelic azaralebs

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sxvadasxvagvari Semosavlis mqone socialur jgufebs. es roli swored biznesJurnalistma unda itvirTos.

humanuri elementis Zieba ZiriTadi moTxovnaa bizne-sisa da ekonomikis Jurnalistikis sferoSi. aqedan ga-momdinare, unda iswavlebodes da praqtikulad xdebodes garkveuli xerxebis aTviseba sarwmuno biznesistoriebisa da ekonomikuri ambebis SesaTxzavad. ase rom, ipoveT namd-vili siaxleebi da gaxadeT isini saintereso; gaamartiveT isini ise, rom mkiTxvelma SeZlos wakiTxva, mayurebleb-ma ki – gageba. gamodiT ofisebidan da moZebneT xalxi, romelic awarmoebs produqts, yidis da yidulobs maT. Tvali adevneT Tqveni ekonomikis cvlilebebs namdvili, safuZvliani gadacemebis meSveobiT. maSinac ki, rodesac ekonomikur konferenciaze moxsenebiT gamoxvalT, eZebeT humanuri midgoma: ras niSnavs konferenciis gadawyve-tilebebi maTTvis, vinc Tqvens moxsenebas ecnoba.

efeqtiani hedlainebi da Sponi

hedlainebi gamiznulad iwereba, raTa miipyros mkiTx-velis yuradReba da kidev ufro metad CaiTrios igi. hed-lainebs mZlavri saSualebebi aqvs saimisod, rom stumari miityuos da meti masala waakiTxos an piriqiT, gaaridos presas. ifiqreT amaze. saSualod, aTidan rva adamiani waikiTxavs hedlainian teqsts, magram aTidan marto ori Tu waikiTxavs ZiriTadi teqstis danarCen nawils. amitom aqvs hedlainebs esoden sasicocxlo mniSvneloba Tqveni gazeTis, vebsaitis, blogisa da socialuri mediis marke-tingisaTvis.

upirveles yovlisa, saWiroa cotaodeni dro dauTmoT Tqveni hedlainis mofiqrebas. nu ityviT imas, rac enaze mogadgebaT. gaixseneT hedlainebis wesi – 50/50: saWiro

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drois naxevarze meti unda moandomoT hedlains misa-dagebuli damajerebeli Sinaarsis daweras. amasTan Tqve-ni hedlaini unda Seicavdes ZiriTadi teqstis Sinaarsis Sesabamis sakvanZo sityvebs.

biznessiaxlis Semcveli ambis struqtura iseTivea, rogoric sxva nebismieri sagazeTo masalisa. ambavi iyo-fa Semdegnairad: mTavari siaxle, ZiriTadi teqsti da daskvna. mTavari siaxle ambis sawyisi da yvelaze mniSv-nelovani struqturuli elementia da cdilobs upasuxos 5w-sa da 1H-is Semcvel rac SeiZleba met kiTxvas, Tumca arc ise xangrZlivi da Semacbunebeli unda iyos.

biznessiaxleebis Semcveli ambis mTavari siaxleebi SesaZloa rTulad asaTvisebeli aRmoCndes mkiTxvelisT-vis, radgan is met ricxvsa da statistikas Seicavs, vidre Cveulebrivi sagazeTo masala. biznessiaxleebi SeiZleba daiyos usiamovno ambebad da dokumentur narkvevebad. usiamovno ambebi iwyeba cudi ambebis mTavari siaxleebiT, romlebic, Cveulebriv, Tavs uyrian ambis yvelaze mniSv-nelovan sakiTxebs da Seicaven mis yvelaze mniSvnelovan ricxvebs (statistikas, moZvelebul ricxvebs, mogebas).

dokumentur biznesnarkvevs win uZRvis Cveulebriv msubuqi mTavari siaxleebi, is gvawvdis im pirovnebisa Tu movlenis mokle daxasiaTebas, romelic ukavSirdeba ambis yovlismomcvel Temas.

mTavari siaxleebis magaliTebi:

vaSingtoni – general motorsis korporaciam da krais ler LLC-ma samSabaTs daufaravad gamoacxades gabankrotebidan gamomdinare danaxarji samamulo saavtomobilo kompaniis gagania finansuri katastro-fis pirobebSi.

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detroiti – paraskevs, SuaRamisas, UAW-ma da jeneral motorsma miaRwies SeTanxmebas 49000 amerikeli muSis droebiT SromiT xelSekrulebaze, rac didi xnis nana-tri naperwkaliviT gaielvebs wamierad da Cagvaxedebs detroitis avtoindustriis momaval saqmianobaSi.

msubuqi mTavari siaxleebi – profili, Tavise-burebani:

sent-luisi – derein atkinsoni, romelmac cxrameti wlis win datova federaluri sapatimro, sruliad janmrTelia.mas da mis ojaxs aqvT agarakebi, mdidruli manqane-bi, navebi da $17 milionis Rirebulebis mSenebare ke-rZo saxli, romelic sididiT yvela saxls dajabnis sent-Carlz-qaunTiSi.

los-anjelesi – tifani lis undoda manqana. igi da-Rala samsaxurisaken, UCLA-s jandacvis sistemis kli-nikaSi orsaaTianma avtobusiT mgzavrobam. tifani ver itanda megobrebis Sewuxebas Tavisi Svidi wlis vaJis wasayvanad asTmis samkurnalod. magram cudi sakre-dito reputaciis mqone martoxela samSvilian dedas, romlis wliuri xelfasi gaxldaT $27,000, uWirda iseTi bankisa Tu saagentos povna, romelic sesxs miscemda.

Cveulebrivi Secdomebi:

1. mTavari siaxlis damalva – damaluli mTavari siaxle. aris fokusi yvelaze mniSvnelovan siaxlee-bze Tu ambis namdvili arsi (da aqedan gamomdinare, ukeTesi mTavari siaxle) mimaluli sadRac sxvagan am ambavSi?

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2. metismetad bevri informacia mTavar siaxleSi. moi-cavs Tu ara mTavari siaxle metismetad bevr 5W-sa da 1H-s? an metismetad bevr ricxvsa da didZal informacias?

3. Tavmomabezrebeli mTavari siaxle. ramdenad iqcevs mTavari siaxle mkiTxvelis yuradRebas an iTrevs Tu ara mas ambavSi?

sagazeTo masalis kategoriebi

Cveulebrivi axali ambebis msgavsad, biznessiaxleebis ideebi iSleba samidan erT-erT sqemaze.

spontanuri

pirveli kategoria aris spontanuri an mniSvnelovani siaxleebi. es sagangebo siaxleebi moicavs ambebs, romle-bic xdeba winaswar, ucnobi axali ambebis gadacemisas. biznessiaxleebSi uecari cvlilebebi Tu safondo birJis „kraxi“ SeiZleba miviCnioT mniSvnelovan siaxled. qarxana Tu daiwva an TviTmfrinavi Camovarda, farTo profilis Jurnalisti Seecdeba, gaiazros – „ra moxda, vin Caidi-na, ratom moxda“ da mogvawodos sxva zogadi informacia momxdaris Sesaxeb.

biznesreportiori daiwyebs kvlevas da daakvirdeba am incidentis ekonomikuri da finansuri dartymis Za-las. biznesreportiori gaarkvevs, ra daujdeba kompanias es zarali, Seiswavlis dazRvevis pretenziebsa da sadavo sakiTxebs, iseve rogorc am incidentis gavlenas produ-qciis warmoebaze.

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dagegmili

biznessiaxleebis ideebis Semdgomi wyaro gaxlavT dageg-mili ambebi. Tu axali ambebis umniSvnelovanesi koncefcia „axalia“, yoveldRiuri biznesistoriebis moculoba Tavi-danve, faqtobrivi drois dawyebamde, cnobili gaxlavT. samTavrobo biujetis prezentacia, ekonomikuri konfe-renciebi, produqtis gaSvebis (kompaniis mier wadgenili axali produqtis) gamocxadeba, kompaniis axali finan-suri angariSebi (kvartaluri Tu yovelwliuri mogeba), lentis gaWris ceremonia Tu winaswar gaTvaliswinebuli nebismieri movlena – kargad dagegmili biznessiaxleebis wardginebaa.

Tu reportiorisaTvis cnobilia dro, adgilmdebareo-ba, mTavari moTamaSeebi da dRis wesrigi, ambavi SeiZleba CaerTos dRis axal ambebSi. yvelaze cvalebadia movle-nis, masTan dakavSirebuli interviuebisa da preskonfe-renciis faqtobrivi Sedegi.

kvleva

ambebis mesame kategoria gaxlavT kvleviTi biznesangari-Si. arsebobs ambebi, romelTac reportiori damoukide-blad Txzavs winaswar dagegmili Sexvedrebisa Tu mniSvne-lovani siaxleebis situaciebze dayrdnobiT. samagierod, axali ambebis reportiori iwyebs dokumentebis kvlevas, usvams kiTxvebs qarxnisa Tu kompaniis TanamSromlebsa da saxelmwifo xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebs, Semdeg ki dawvrilebiT Txzavs ambavs.

biznesreportiorebs, romlebic gvawvdian sakvlev ambebs, didad afaseben rogorc axali ambebis repor-tiorTa jgufebi, ise mayureblebi, Tundac imitom, rom maT sCveviaT informaciasa da ricxvebis moCxreka Cveule-

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brivi sagazeTo masalis miRma da angariSis wardgena sa-gazeTo masalis ekonomikur da finansur efeqtianobaze.

maZiebeli biznesJurnalistebi gansakuTrebiT gamoyo-fen korufciisa da uxeiro marTvis potenciur garemoe-bebs. maT mzis Suqze aqvT gamotanili ramdenime iseTi umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, qarxnis muSebis arasaTanado pirobebSi dasaqmeba Tu kompaniebis mier Semosavlis gayalbeba. bevrma kargma biznesistoriam gaWra da aiZula kidec xelisufleba, Seecvala politika da aemoqmedebina axali kanonebi, romlebic zemoqmedebas iqoniebda biznesze da daicavda momxmareblebs.

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Tavi II. sad da rogor moviZioT masala

biznesistoriebisa da ekonomikasTan dakavSirebuli ambe-bis moZieba yvelgan SeiZleba, magram, rogorc zemoT aR-vniSneT, biznesJurnalistebis misamarTiT gamoTqmuli erT-erTi yvelaze seriozuli braldebaTagani isaa, rom maT ar gaaCniaT sakmarisi codna im sakiTxisa, romelzec msjeloben.

yvela Jurnalists sWirdeba ekonomikis sakiTxebSi co-taodeni garkveva, xolo sferoebis organizebuli dayofa reportiorebsa da redaqtorebs daexmareba, daarwmunon mkiTxveli Tu mayurebeli imaSi, rom isini Tvals adevne-ben srul suraTs.

kidev erTxel unda aRvniSnoT, rom ar aris aucile-beli, iyoT eqsperti. magram Tu elementarul sakiTxebSi ver erkveviT, Tqvens saqmes ver gauZRvebiT. politikose-bi, biurokratebi, kompaniebi iyeneben statistikas Ta-vianTi miRwevebis warmosaCenad da warumateblobis da-safarad, fuli ki aseve politikosTa saqmianobis miRma imaleba.

gadasadgmelia ramdenime elementaruli nabiji ekono-mikasa da biznesSi ramdenime ZiriTadi siaxlis mwarmoe-beli seqtoris miRma dafaruli saidumlos amosaxsnelad da gasaTvaliswinebelia erTi-ori rCeva imis Taobaze, Tu ra unda moviZioT:

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1) ekonomika

ekonomika sruli Sejamebaa milionobiT gasakeTebeli saq-misa: imisa, rasac miwaSi vzrdiT an miwidan viRebT; rasac vyidulobT da vyidiT; saidanac fuls viRebT, rom gada-vixadoT; rogor viyenebT fuls, romelsac viRebT gayid-visas; imisa, rasac xelisufleba akeTebs am yvelafrisaT-vis xelis Sesawyobad an mis Sesaferxeblad.

ekonomistebs sCveviaT amis Sefaseba-gaangariSeba da am yvelafrisaTvis iseTi saxelebis darqmeva, rogoricaa mTliani Sida produqti (GDP), inflacia, fiskaluri ba-lansi da a. S. xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi da sxve-bi (biznesebi da profkavSirebi) cdiloben maTze zemo-qmedebas ama Tu im politikis gatarebiT. imavdroulad, Cveulebrivi adamiani zemoqmedebs msgavs movlenebze Ta-visi yoveldRiuri qceviT, oRond masze zedmeti fiqrisa da gaazrebis gareSe. amitomacaa, rom ekonomikas mecnie-rebasTan ver gavaigivebT. is exmianeba yovelgvar adamia-nur qmedebas, iqneba es racionaluri dagegmva, momWirneo-ba da fulis Cadeba, iracionaluri gaumaZRroba, SiSi Tu korufcia.

rogori istoriebi iqmneba, aqedan gamomdinare?

yvelaze Cveulebrivi istoriebi exmianeba arsebuli eko-nomikis sijansaResa da perspeqtiulobas. maT uwodeben ekonomikur indikatorebs; isini moicaven iseT sazome-bs, rogoricaa GDP-is zrda, inflacia, umuSevrobis done, fiskaluri balansi, vaWrobisa da mimdinare angariSis ba-lansi. xelisufleba – iseve rogorc bevri adgilobrivi Tu saerTaSoriso instituti – Cveulebriv, regularu-lad aqveynebs am informacias. rasakvirvelia, Rirebule-

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bas gazrdis rogorc eqspertebis, ise am saqmeSi CarTuli xalxis – muSebis, fermerebis, menejerebisa da investore-bis – analizi da komentarebi. yuradReba gaamaxvileT am-bis im nawilze, romelic pasuxs scems kiTxvas, ratom da ras niSnavs es Cemi mkiTxvelebisaTvis da ara marto imas, ra ricxvebia?

samTavrobo da ekonomikuri politika

ekonomikis ganviTarebisaTvis Zalze mniSvnelovania, Tu rogor politikas atarebs mTavroba. arsebobs amis ori mizezi. pirveli, is gaxlavT yvelaze didi monawile eko-nomikaSi – is yvela sxvaze, TviT yvelaze did biznesebze, met fuls xarjavs. meore, is wyvets, rogor warmarTos ekonomika. zogierT qveyanaSi mTavroba faqtobrivad mar-Tavs ekonomikas saxelmwifos kuTvnili sawarmoebisa da sxvadasxva ministris mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebebis meSveobiT. sxva qveynebSi mTavroba cdilobs safuZveli Cauyaros kerZo bizness, raTa Tavi gaarTvas produqtis warmoebasa da muSebis dasaqmebas. rodesac umeteswilad mTavroba ganagebs yvelafers, saqme gvaqvs marTvad eko-nomikasTan. rodesac am saqmes bizness miandoben, mas vuwodebT sabazro ekonomikas. umetes qveynebSi es ori erTmaneTSia areuli.

marTvad ekonomikaSi mTavroba miznad isaxavs produ-qciis gamoSvebas, saxelmwifo sawarmoebi ki cdiloben, mas moergon. aseve, mTavroba awesebs fasebsa da valiu-tis kurss da saxelmwifos kuTvnil bankebs ukarnaxebs, Tu vis da ra procentuli ganakveTiT asesxos fuli. amas xSirad mivyavarT paraleluri (an Savi) ekonomikisaken, romelSiac biznesebi da movaWreebi deben aralegalur garigebebs e. w. Savi bazris tarifebsa da fasebze. Sedegi,

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Cveulebriv, sakvebis, samrewvelo saqonlisa Tu ucxouri valutis naklebobaa.

sabazro ekonomikaSi xelisufleba axerxebs makroeko-nomikuri politikis gatarebas. is samnawiliania – fiska-luri, monetaruli da savaluto kursis politika. pirveli exeba imas, Tu ra da ramdenad unda daibegros gadasaxadiT, mere ki – raze unda daixarjos fuli. Tavi-sufali fiskaluri politika an amcirebs gadasaxadebs, an kidev, zrdis danaxarjs im mizniT, rom ekonomikaSi gasa-vlis saerTo jami gazardos. xisti fiskaluri politika ki gadasaxadebs zrdis an amcirebs danaxarjebs im mizniT, rom Seamciros ekonomikaSi gasavlis saerTo jami. mone-taruli politika Seexeba im sakiTxs, Tu ra raodenobis fuli unda daibeWdos an rogor darTos bankebs momx-mareblebze fulis gasesxebis neba. savaluto kursis po-litika Seexeba im kursis dadgenas, romliTac qveynis va-luta SesaZloa gadaicvalos sxva valutaze. xelisufle-bas, romelic xangrZlivi daubalanseblobis nebas rTavs romelimes am sammagi politikidan, SeuZlia ekonomikuri krizisis gamowveva.

gadasaxadiT dabegvris garda, xelisuflebas SeuZlia sagadasaxado Semosavlebis gazrda sesxis saSualebiT, romelsac aiRebs fasiani qaRaldebis bazrebidan, bankebi-dan an iseTi saerTaSoriso organizaciebidan, rogoricaa saerTaSoriso monetaruli fondi (IMF), msoflio banki da TviT sakuTari xalxi. bolos da bolos, sesxi, unda dabrundes. ase rom, faqtobrivad, yoveli dabadebuli Cvili yoveldRiurad ufro mets ixdis samrewvelo saqon-lisa da momsaxurebisaTvis mTeli cxovrebis ganmavloba-Si da albaT Semdegac im fulis asanazRaureblad, xeli-suflebam rom isesxa mis papa-bebiaze mzrunvelobisaTvis.

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ekonomikuri krizisis yvelaze xSiri mizezia is me-tismetad didi vali, romelsac adamianebi da biznesebi da/an xelisufleba iRebs da mere veRar istumrebs. cen-traluri bankis daniSnulebaa procentuli maCveneblis SenarCuneba saTanado doneze, risi Sedegic aris balansi danazogsa da sesxs Soris.

ganviTarebadi qveynebisaTvis saxelisuflo politika Zalze mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli zrdasa da ganviTarebas-Tan. iman, rasac xelisufleba Cadis da ris nebasac rTavs an ukrZalavs Tavis moqalaqeebsa da biznesebs, SesaZloa stagnaciamde da gaxangrZlivebul siRatakemde migviyva-nos an piriqiT, zrdamde – milionobiT adamianis siRari-bidan gamoyvanamde.

kidev erTi Semosavlis wyaroa erTjeradi realizacia saxelmwifo aqtivebisa. amas xSirad „privatizacias“ uwo-deben. privatizacia xdeba maSin, rodesac xelisufleba gadawyvets marTuli biznesebis SeCerebas da kerZo seq-tors nebas rTavs, gauZRves saqmes. xelisuflebisaTvis amis miRwevis ZiriTadi saSualebaa misi kuTvnili kompa-niebis gayidva; es procesi cnobili gaxlavT privatiza-ciis saxeliT.

sagadasaxado Semosavlebisagan gankerZoebiT, xelisuf-lebas surs Tavisi wilebis gayidva kompaniaSi, Tuki

• am wilebs mZlavrad afinanseben,• isini grZnoben, rom kerZo menejments xelewifeba

ufro iafad da ostaturad gaanawilos saqoneli da momsaxureba,

• surT, xalxi flobdes raRac wils saxelmwifo sa-warmoSi da zrdides Tavis Semosavals, rodesac kompania flobs mogebis procentul raodenobas, mepaieebTan erTad.

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marTalia, privatizaciis Sedegad xSirad ufro met `produqtiulobas~ viRebT, Tumca is iwvevs samsaxuris dakargvas. ase rom, mniSvnelovania Tvali mivadevnoT imas, aqvs Tu ara xelisulebas sadazRvevo bade im muSe-bisaTvis, romlebic aRmoCndnen quCaSi.

kidev erTi ram unda aRiniSnos: dapirebuli jildo yovelTvis ar isxams xorcs. magaliTad, Tu ar arsebobs mkafio legaluri an normatiuli baza konkurenciis was-axaliseblad bazarze, safrTxe seriozulia.

magaliTad, ruseTSi bevri kompania xelisuflebis kuT-vnili cudad marTuli sawarmodan cudad marTul kerZo sawarmod iqca. axali kerZo seqtoris kompaniebma, romle-bic jerac ise imarTeba, rogorc monopoliebi, produq-tiuloba dakarges, veRar qmnian ukeTes momsaxurebasa Tu produqtebs da veRar amcirebdnen fasebs, veRar qmnidnen samuSao adgilebs.

Tu gvinda Tvali mivadevnoT, ase vTqvaT, CaxlarTul da xSirad politikurad rTul, magram saintereso pro-cess, Zalze mniSvnelovania ara marto imis codna, Tu rogor xdeba kompaniebis privatizeba, aramed imisic, Tu ratom SeiZleba isini gakotrdnen. imis gasaazreblad, moxdeba Tu ara es, mniSvnelovania imaze dakvirveba, Tu ras akeTebs mTavroba kompaniis warmatebisaTvis marTebu-li ekonomikuri garemos Sesaqmnelad da imis dasadgenad, aris Tu ara sando da kargad dagegmili axali mflobe-lis Canafiqri axali fulis Casadebad. axal mflobelebs dasWirdebaT kompaniis rekonstruqcia xanmokle droSi, maSin rodesac perspeqtivaSi isini, imedia, gafarToebasac moindomeben. maT orive Canafiqris miRweva gauWirdebaT, Tu xeli ar miuwvdebaT saWiro dafinansebaze.

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rogori istoriebi iqmneba, aqedan gamomdinare?

yvelaze didi mniSvneloba eniWeba, rodis gamoacxadebs xelisufleba, romeli gadasaxadebi dasWir deba mas da raze daxarjavs fuls. es, Cveulebriv, warmoCindeba for-malur dokumentSi, romelsac asruleben biujets. Jur-nalistebi mniSvnelovan rols TamaSoben imis dawvrile-biT gaSuqebaSi, Tu ra Sedis zustad mTavrobis xazinaSi da ra gamodis iqidan, saiT midis, vin igebs da vin agebs.

xelisuflebis qceva zemoqmedebs ekonomikis funq-cionirebaze da ara mis kuTvnil rolze am ekonomikaSi. aqedan gamomdinare, JurnalistebisaTvis mniSvnelovania ambebis SeTxzva imaze, Tu rogor kurss adgas mTavroba da ra Sedegs moaxdens zrda-ganviTarebaze, inflaciaze, savaluto kursebze da a. S.

Jurnalistebis saqmea, gamoamzeuron yvela danaxarji, aseve rogorc sagadasaxado Semosavlebis yvela wyaro, iqneba es gadasaxadiT dabegvra, bunebrivi wyaroebi Tu saerTaSoriso sesxebi da uzrunvelyos rac SeiZleba meti gamWvirvaloba.

Teoriulad, biujetze axlodan dakvirveba dagvex-mareba imis garkvevaSi, mikerZoebuli aris Tu ara saxeli-suflebo politika mdidrebisa Tu Raribebis mimarT da gamoamzeurebs Tu ara igi korufciisa da uxeiro mmarT-velobis potenciur saqmeebs.

Tu xelisufleba fuls sesxulobs msoflio banki-sagan, IMF-isa Tu sxva aseTi organizaciebisagan, wesiT, unda arsebobdes sesxTan dakavSirebuli specifikuri pi-robebi. SeecadeT gaarkvioT, rogoria es pirobebi da Tu sruldeba isini? moutans Tu ara es sesxi da misi pirobe-bi sargeblobas qarTvelebs, somxebsa da azerbaijanelebs mTlianobaSi?

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2) sxva mTavari axali ambebis gamavrcelebeli seqtorebi biznesJurnalistikaSi

sabanko saqme da finansebi

bankebi xSirad gvevlinebian qveynis udides da zogjer yvelaze gavlenian instituciebad. rodesac kompanias surs qarxnis aSeneba im manqanebis sawarmoeblad, romel-Tac garkveuli periodis Semdeg gayidis, is sesxulobs fuls da ukan abrunebs maSin, rodesac klientebi yidu-loben mas. rodesac fermers sWirdeba Tesli da sasuqi mosavlis misaRebad, da radgan Wirnaxuls mis aRebamde ver gayidis, is fuls sesxulobs.

bankebi xalxs uzrunvelyofen usafrTxo adgiliT fu lis Sesanaxad da sesxad aZleven fuls imaT, vinc daarwmunebs, rom momavalSi SeZleben valis gastumrebas. sanacvlod, cdiloben mogebis miRebas (procentis saxiT fulis gasesxebisaTvis). ra Tqma unda, bankebs xSirad eqmnebaT problemebi. amitom mTavroba zedamxedvelobs da aregulirebs process (xSirad Zalze cudad, ris gamoc daiwyo 2008 wlis safinanso krizisi msoflioSi).

Tavdapirvelad bankebi iyo mcire firmebi, romlebic depozitebs iRebdnen maT irgvliv myofi individebisa Tu kompaniebisagan da sesxs aZlevdnen TavianT nacnobebs. wlebis ganmavlobaSi isini gaizardnen da axla globalur dawesebulebebad gvevlinebian. msoflios TiTqmis yvela qveyana xedavs usafrTxo sabanko sistemis arsebobis saWi-roebas da axlandeli mTavrobebi axaliseben safinanso seqtoris zrdas. maT sjeraT, rom safinanso seqtors mniSvnelovani roli ekisreba sabanko saqmis ganviTare-baSi, radgan is uzrunvelyofs sesxis gacemas, romelic saWiroa investirebisa da, aqedan gamomdinare, zrdisaT-vis.

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gasuli ramdenime dekadis ganmavlobaSi bankebma gaa-farToves TavianTi biznesi; maT aRar akmayofilebdaT mxolod anabris miReba da sesxebis gacema. isini CaerT-vnen sabanko-sainvesticio momsaxurebaSi (mag.: Zmebi le-manebi). maT TavianTi samsaxuri SesTavazes sapensio da sadazRvevo fondebsa da yvela saxis investorebs, ro-melTa meSveobiTac TamaSobdnen birJaze supermogebis mosapoveblad. isini vaWrobdnen iseTi raodenobis aqcie-biT, fasiani qaRaldebiT, farTo moxmarebis saqonliTa da valutiT, rom, xarjebis miuxedavad, metismetad didi odenobis fuli moixveWes. rac ufro grZeldeboda Ta-maSi (daaxloebiT sami dekadis ganmavlobaSi ramdenime xanmokle SesvenebiT, sanam ar CamoiSala 2008-Si), miT met fuls ixveWdnen da fantastikur xelfasebsa da bonusebs iRebdnen.

mkiTxvelebi da mayureblebi yovelmxriv CarTulni arian sabanko saqmeSi. bevri maTgani fuls bankSi debs an sesxulobs. zogi bankSi muSaobs. sxvebi im kompaniebSi sa-qmdebian, romlebic bankebisagan sesxuloben fuls. Car-Tulni arian Tundac im kuTxiT, rom moixmaren sakvebs, sakvebis warmoeba ki damokidebulia fermerebze, romle-bic xSir SemTxvevaSi fuls bankisgan sesxuloben Tavian-Ti saqmianobisTvis. bevrgan banki erTaderTi realuri wyaroa adgilobrivi mcxovreblebisaTvis xelmisawvdomi kreditis mosapoveblad. am mizeziT sabanko saqmis mimar-Tulebebsa da cvlilebebze, finansebsa da sesxis gacema-ze wera uaRresad sainteresoa sazogadoebisaTvis. ro-desac sabanko sistemaSi Cndeba problema, aman SeiZleba daamwuxros yvela, isinic ki, vinc Tavis dReSi ar Sesula bankis SenobaSi. faqtobrivad, finansuri krizisi metwi-lad sabanko sistemidan iwyeba. ase rom, sabanko sistemis sijansaRe yvelasaTvis mniSvnelovania.

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rogori istoriebi iqmneba, aqedan gamomdinare?

Jurnalistebi, romlebic bankebis saqmianobas mimoixi-laven, unda gaecnon amJamindel mdgomareobas an samo-mavlod dagegmil cvlilebebs, radgan maTi meSveobiT SesaZloa Seiqmnas istoriebi:

- ramdeni bankia qveyanaSi?• ramdenia adgilobrivi da ramdeni ucxouri?• vin flobs am bankebs – mTavroba Tu kerZo piri?

- ramdeni fuli aqvs TiToeul banks anabris saxiT?- rogor axerxebs banki anabris amoRebas adgilobrivi

mcxovrebisa Tu ucxoelisagan? • ra procentul ganakveTs ixdian Tqvens danazog-

ze, fiqsirebul anabarze?• icvleba Tu ara procentuli ganakveTi imis

mixedviT, saqme gvaqvs adgilobriv Tu ucxour valutasTan?

• gvTavazoben Tu ara isini ufro maRal procen-tul ganakveTs sapensio asakis adamianebisaT-vis?

- rogoria TiToeuli bankis sesxis portfolio?• visTvis imeteben bankebi met sesxs – adgilob-

rivebisa Tu ucxoelebisaTvis?• ra saprocento ganakveTiT iZlevian sesxs?• aris Tu ara calke saprocento ganakveTi adgi-

lobrivisa da ucxoelisaTvis?• romel seqtorebs aZleven met sesxs – turizms,

TevzWerasa Tu soflis meurneobas? • aqvT Tu ara sagangebo sesxis sqema mcire mewar-

meTaTvis ufro iafi saprocento ganakveTiT?

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• romeli bankebi gascemen met sesxs mcire bizne-sis TviTdasaqmebul warmomadgenlebze?

• sesxi metwilad grZelvadiani proeqtebisaTvis gaicema Tu moklevadianisaTvis?

- rogoria bankis rekordi sesxebis Segrovebisas?• uZneldebaT Tu ara maT sesxebis gadaxdevineba

imis gamo, rom kompanias Seeqmna problema, mmar-Tvelobam ar gaamarTla, seqtorma, romelsac sesxi misces, ver gaarTva Tavi saqmes?

• istumreben Tu ara vals did korporaciebze ufro xSirad mcire mewarmeebi?

- kidev ra qoneba aqvs banks?- gvTavazobs Tu ara is raime axal „produqts“ (sesxs

an momsaxurebas)?- rogor emsaxurebian bankebi xalxs Soreul regioneb-

Si – bankomatebis Tu bankis filialebis gamoyenebiT?- naRd fuls iyenebs garigebis dasadebad Tu Cekis wi-

gnakebs?

ras ityviT sakredito baraTebze?• ramden adamians aqvs sakredito baraTi?• izrdeba Tu ara maTi raodenoba wels, risi mowme-

nic SeviqeniT bolo ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi?• ufro xSirad iyenebs Tu ara dResdReobiT sakre-

dito baraTebs Cveulebrivi adamiani? • ra saprocento ganakveTs awesebs banki, rodesac

adamiani ver ixdis sakredito baraTis angariSs?

arsebobs aseve araerTi istoria samTavrobo poli-tikisa da bankebis zedamxedvelobis Sesaxeb.

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kompaniebi

yvela qveyanas aqvs rogorc didi, ise mcire kompaniebi, romlebic mniSvnelovan asruleben ekonomikaSi.

kompaniebs SeuZliaT fulis Segroveba, raTa moaxdi-non misi investireba miwaSi, qarxanasa Tu meqanizmebSi, risTvisac:

• unda aiRos sesxi bankidan cvalebadi saprocento ganakveTiT (ganakveTiT, romelic xan maRla iwe-vs, xanac dabla Camodis, radgan damokidebulia kontraqtze).

• unda aiRos sesxi investorebisagan maTTvis fasia-ni qaRaldebis miyidvis saSualebiT. es aris sesxe-bi fiqsirebuli saprocento ganakveTiT. fasiani qaRaldebis Tavdapirvel mflobels SeuZlia mi-hyidos isini sxvas valis gadaxdis vadis amowur-vamde. kompania droulad istumrebs fasiani qa-Raldebis mflobelis vals.

• obligaciebisa da aqciebis saxeliT cnobili wile-bi unda mihyidos investorebs. investorebis fuli ixarjeba kompaniis operaciebis anazRaurebaze. sa-nacvlod, investors uxdian dividends, romelic warmoadgens mogebis wils (Tu kompania iRebs mo-gebas). investori agebs, Tu kompanias eqmneba pro-blema. Tu kompania nusxaSia Setanili, investors SeuZlia fasiani qaRaldebis sxva investorisaTvis miyidva nebismier dros. yvela investori, romelic flobs fasian qaRaldebs kompaniaSi, aRiarebulia mepaied. kompaniis menejerebi arian aRmasruleble-bi, romlebic SesaZloa flobdnen ramdenime wils. ase rom, ofisSi adgilis dasamkvidreblad maT xmas aZleven mepaieebi.

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kompaniebs aqvT biznesgegmebi anu dokumentebi, rom-lebic zustad gveubnebian, Tu ras akeTeben isini – ramde-ni fuli aqvT dagrovebuli, raze xarjaven, ra produ-qciiTa da momsaxurebiT vaWroben, rogor asaReben mas, ra mogebis imedi aqvT da rogor moixmaren komerciul mogebas (nawils mepaieebs gadauxdian, nawils ki biznesis gafarToebas moaxmaren).

rodesac kompania mimoqcevaSi uSvebs aqciebs, aseT biznesgegmas uwodeben prospeqts da is Seexeba sakiTxs: rogor SeuZliaT investorebs imaze msjeloba, Cadon Tu ara saqmeSi fuli. isini aseve awarmoeben angariSs, rome-lic warmoadgens biznesgegmis finansur Canawers.

arsebobs sami mTavari angariSi: mogeba-wagebis an-gariSi (aseve cnobili Semosavlebis deklaraciis saxe-liT); balansi da mimoqcevis saSualebaTa balansi. isini gveubnebian:

1. ramden fuls gamoimuSavebs kompania Tavisi saq-mianobidan (mTliani mogeba).

2. ramden fuls xarjavs is am procesSi (mimdinare xarjebi).

3. ramdeni darCa pirveli ori punqtis Semdeg da ne-bismieri savaraudo gadasaxadi (wminda mogeba da sruli wageba).

4. ras flobs is (qonebis saxiT).5. ramdeni marTebs (vali).6. gansxvaveba me-4 da me-5 punqts Soris (gadaxdisuna-

rianoba).7. sad iSova fuli imis sayidlad, rasac flobs (fa-

siani qaRaldebi da vali).8. saidan modis misi naRdi fuli (gasaReba, investicia

da sesxis aReba).

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9. raze ixarjeba naRdi fuli (dividendebi, investi-cia, mimdinare xarjebi).

10. sabolood, meti naRdi fuli Semodis Tu gadis (de-nadoba).

rogori istoriebi iqmneba aqedan gamomdinare?

kompaniebs xSirad hgoniaT, rom maTi saqmianoba Zalze saintereso da sargeblobis momtania. es SeiZleba, mar-Talic iyos maTTan mimarTebiT, magram yvela mkiTxveli rodi daeTanxmeba.

Tumca mkiTxvelisaTvis SeiZleba saintereso iyos:• namdvilad axali produqtebi an momsaxureba.• waxalisebisa da gasaRebis axleburi da saintereso

saSualebebi.• iqmneba Tu ara axali samuSao adgilebi da kargavs

Tu ara xalxi samsaxurs.• ras gveubneba kompaniis miRwevebi ufro farTo

ekonomikaze.• aris Tu ara raime kavSiri kompaniis administaciasa

da politikosebs an saxelmwifo Cinovnikebs Soris.Jurnalistebi, romlebic msjeloben kompaniebze, unda

daakvirdnen Semdgom cvlilebebs, radgan maTgan SeiZle-ba Seiqmnas sagazeTo masala:

• vin flobs.• vin marTavs.• vis asaqmeben.• fuli, romliTac marTaven.• fuli, romelsac Souleben.• ras akeTeben.• sad akeTeben.• ra teqnologiiT akeTeben.• ra treinings gadian.

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• ra kvlevebs atareben.• visze yidian.• saidan modis produqcia.• romeli kompaniis naxelavia.• ra dajda.• vis ejibreba.• romeli kanonebi da regulaciebi moqmedebs.

farTo moxmarebis saqoneli da soflis meurneoba

farTo moxmarebis saqoneli uxeSad or mTavar saxeobad iyofa: myari nedleuli (rogoricaa oqro, airi, navTobi, qvanaxSiri, spilenZi) aris tipurad bunebrivi resursebi, romlebic mosapovebelia. moklevadiani moxmarebis saqo-neli ki gaxlavT soflis meurneobis produqtebi (rogo-ricaa marcvleuli, xorbali, bamba, brinji, yava, Saqari, xili, soios marcvali) an saqoneli (Roris xorci).

rogori istoriebi iqmneba, aqedan gamomdinare?

yvelaze amaRelvebeli istoriebi did aRmoCenebs ukav-Sirdeba: oqros mopoveba! an „Savi oqro“ (navTobi)! ma-gram aris sxva bevri rutinuli ambebi imaze, Tu vin dado xelSekruleba madnis mopovebasa da milsadenis gayvanaze; sad da ra teqnologiiT muSavdeba farTo moxmarebis sa-qoneli (rogoricaa gadamamuSavebeli da navTobqimiuri qarxnebi); ra ziani SeiZleba miadges garemosa da xalxis janmrTelobas am adgilebSi; sagadasaxado Semosavlebis ra raodenobas iRebs xelisufleba da mogvianebiT rogor ubrundeba xalxs; vin upirispirdeba mTavrobiseuli myari nedleulis mopovebis politikas da iyenebs Tu ara is po-litikur an Zaladobriv saSualebebs amis gasakeTeblad.

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soflis meurneobasTan dakavSirebuli ambebi moica-vs aminds, katastrofebsa da garemos (qimiuri nivTie-rebebis da pesticidebis gamoyenebas), miwis sakuTrebas; fermerebisa da fermis muSebis finansur pirobebs, gan-sakuTrebiT, valebs; rogorc Sinauri, ise saerTaSoriso bazrebis xelmisawvdomobas; sakvebsa da soflis meurneo-bis produqtebze fasebis dawesebas (mTavrobisa Tu „Ta-visufali“ bazris mier).

bazrebi

ra aris es?

yvelafers aqvs Tavisi bazari, maSinac ki, rodesac saqme gvaqvs aralegalur saqmianobasTan, romelic oficialu-rad ar arsebobs; mag.: narkotikebi da seqsi. fasebs gan-sazRvravs mowodeba da moTxovna. „sabazro ekonomika“ aRiarebs am faqts da qmnis formalur bazrebs, rac au-cilebelia jansaRi ekonomikis Camosayalibeblad. sxva-dasxva sazogadoebaSi, umeteswilad, arsebobs bostneulis bazari, tansacmlis bazari da sxva Cveulebrivi bazrebi. magram arsebobs aseve formaluri, xSirad globaluri bazrebi, romlebic gulisxmobs kolosaluri raodenobis Tanxebis mimoqcevas, ris gamoc zogjer maT koleqtiurad moixsenieben finansur bazrebad. movaWreebi Cvennairi Cveulebrivi xalxi ar arian, Tumca zogjer Cvens fuls iyeneben. isini garkveuli finansuri instrumentebis gamoyenebaSi daostatebul bazris profesionalebs war-moadgenen. fuli, romelsac isini am saqmisaTvis iyeneben, ekuTvnis Zalian did sapensio, sadazRvevo da sainvesti-cio fondebs, romlebsac, erTad aRebulT, institucio-nalur investorebad icnoben. bazris sxva moTamaSeebi

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ufro mcire sacalo investorebad warmogvidgebian (in-dividebi, zogi mdidari, zogic ufro Raribi, azartul TamaSobaTa meocnebe moTamaSeni).

Tanamedrove ekonomikis bazrebia:

1. savaluto bazari. didi odenobiT naRdi fuli yo-veldRiurad xelidan xelSi gadadis. erTxelac saburave-bis mwarmoebel kompanias SesaZloa milioni gadauxadon motocikletebis mwarmoebeli kompaniisaTvis saburavebis miyidvisaTvis. man xuT dReSi milionebi unda gadauxados reziniT movaWres im nedli masalisaTvis, romelsac sa-buravebis sawarmoeblad iyenebda. am xuTi dRisaTvis is menejers milionebs ar udebs magidis ujraSi. mas es Tanxa bankSi Seaqvs „birJaze saTamaSod“. sxva sityvebiT, rezinis mwarmoebeli kompaniis saxeliT, banki naRd fuls sesxad aZlevs (meore kompaniis gavliT) im kompanias, romel-sac saswrafod sWirdeba milioni da mas ar eqneba fuli Semdegi xuTi dRis ganmavlobaSi. naRdi fuliT (da sxva moklevadiani instrumentebiT) moklevadian vaWrobas sa-valuto bazari ewodeba. centralur bazars am bazarzec SeuZlia fulis gasesxeba. ase akontrolebs procentul ganakveTs, radgan bevri Tu cota fulis gasesxebis wya-lobiT mas SeuZlia savaluto bazarze fasebis (procen-tuli ganakveTis) awev-daweva.

2. obligaciebis bazari. mTavrobasa Tu kompanias SeuZlia investorebisagan fulis sesxeba obligaciebis gamoSvebis gziT. es aris jadosnuri sityva, romlis meS-veobiTac isini investors awvdian qaRaldis furcels da eubnebian mas: „Tqveni milioni gvmarTebs da xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi gagistumrebT. amasobaSi yovelwliu-rad fiqsirebul saprocento ganakveTs – xuT procents gadagixdiT“. obligaciebis mflobels ar sWirdeba xuT weliwads lodini obligaciis gamosasyidad. mas SeuZlia

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sxva investors mihyidos is nebismier dros. ai, ra aris obligaciebis bazari. ase rom, obligacia gaxlavT ubra-lo sesxi, romelic SegiZlia mihyido sxvas. obligaciis fasi isaa, ra fasadac sxva investori moisurvebs mis yid-vas da fasi damokidebulia moTxovnaze. Tu investori ver daibrunebs xuT procents (romelsac obligaciebis bazarze sargebels uwodeben) sxva romelime usafrTxo investiciis wyalobiT, SeuZlia Tavdapirvel mepaies ga-dauxados milionze cota meti.

3. fasiani qaRaldebis bazari. swored amas vgulisx-mobT, rodesac safondo birJaze vsaubrobT. nusxaSi Se-tanil kompaniebSi kviris yovel dRes investorTa mier xdeba aseul aTasobiTa da milionobiT wilis gadanawile-ba. wilis fasi is odenobaa, ra odenobis gadaxdasac moi-survebs investori mis SesaZenad. amas bevri sxvadasxva faqtori gansazRvravs. erT-erTi maTgania qveynis zogadi politikuri stabilurobisa da ekonomikuri perspeqtivis rwmena da kompaniis efeqtianoba da produqtiuloba. yve-la safondo birJa iZens aqciebis kursis (an aqciebis kur-sis jgufebis) maCvenebel barometrs, romelsac uwodeben indeqss. uZvelesi safondo birJa gaxlavT amsterdamis safondo birJa (AEX), romelic daarsda 1600-ian wlebSi holandiis ostindoeTis savaWro kompaniis fasiani qa-RaldebiT savaWrod. es gaxlavT erT-erTi pirveli kompa-niaTagani (romelsac Semdeg saaqcio sazogadoeba ewoda), romelmac mepaies aqciebis wili SesTavaza. kidev erTi magaliTia Dow Jones Industrial Average (New York), NASDAQ, OMX Armenia yofili `somxuri safondo birJa~ an “Armex”; GSE – qarTuli safondo birJa an baqos safondo birJa (BSE).

4. sasaqonlo bazari. saqoneli nedli masalaa: navTo-bi, airi, kauCuki, spilenZi, bamba, xorbali, forToxlis

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wveni da a. S. is Zalze araproduqtiuli iqneba, Tu, maga-liTad, evropaSi daarsebul eleqtrogayvanilobis kompa-nias yovel jerze, rodesac ki spilenZis SeZena dasWirde-ba, CileSi, samxreT amerikaSi warmomadgenlis gagzavna da fasebze molaparakeba, Semdeg ki spilenZis gemze ga-datana da evropaSi wamoReba mouwevs. amis nacvlad, sa-qonliT profesionali movaWreebi yiduloben da yidian spilenZis Taobaze dadebul kontraqtebs (Tavad spilen-Zi iq ar gaxlavT) sasaqonlo birJebze londonSi, Cika-goSi, niu-iorksa da SanxaiSi – safinanso bazrebis did centrebSi. sasaqonlo vaWroba umeteswilad xorcieldeba winaswar – kontraqtebi dasanawileblad mzaddeba samo-mavalod amJamad SeTanxmebuli fasebis safuZvelze (ix. qvemoT `warmoebuli bazari~).

5. ucxoeTis savaluto bazari. trilionobiT dola-ria mimoqcevaSi am bazrebze. mxolod aT procentamdea gansazRvruli vaWrobasa da investirebaze. danarCeni varaudia (ix. qvemoT `warmoebuli bazari~). valutaze moTxovna nawilobriv ganpirobebulia eqsportisa da im-portis mozRvavebiTa da saxelmwifoTa Soris kapital-dabandebiT, Tumca metwilad is damokidebulia investo-ris rwmenaze, rom misi fasi moimatebs sxva valutasTan SedarebiT an, ukidures SemTxvevaSi, SeinarCunebs Tavis Rirebulebas. Tavis mxriv, mas nawilobriv azaralebs inflaciis done, radgan inflaciis maRali done Zirs uTxris valutis Rirebulebas.

6. warmoebuli bazari. zemoxsenebuli yvela midgomis Tanaxmad, es aris warmoebuli bazrebi (anu maTi Rirebule-ba ganpirobebulia im bazrebis parametrebiT). gansxvaveba isaa, rom movaWreebi yiduloben da yidian kontraqtebs saaqcio kapitalisaTvis, obligaciebisaTvis, farTo mox-marebis saqonlisaTvis, valutisaTvis da a. S. samomavlod.

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Semdeg maT SeuZliaT sxvas mihyidon es kontraqtebi war-moebul bazarze. warmoebul bazarze mTavari movaWreebi arian gadamyidvelebi, rac yovelTvis cudi rodia. eko-nomistebis umetesobas miaCnia, rom gadamyidveloba ar iwvevs sabazro fasebis cvlilebas. isini aRrmaveben saer-To tendencias fasebze da mwarmoeblebsa da momxmare-blebs ukeTesi dagegmvis saSualebas aZleven. magaliTad, Tu Tqven marTavT saburavebis mwarmoebel kompanias da gegmavT Tqvens wliur biujets, SegiZliaT ivlisSi ga-dawyvitoT 100 tona kauCukis yidva. magram amas gegmavT ianvarSi. Tqven ar iciT, kauCukis sayidlad ra fasis ga-daxda mogiwevT ivlisSi. magram nacvlad imisa, rom ga-mocnobas SeudgeT (da seriozuli Secdoma dauSvaT, rac didad daazaralebs Tqvens bizness), SegiZliaT iyidoT kontraqti, rac ivlisSi saSualebas mogcemT, kauCuki SeTanxmebul fasad SeiZinoT. movaWre, romlisganac mas yidulobT, varaudobs, rom fasi ivliSi daecema da ima-ze naklebi iqneba, razec Tqven dasTanxmdiT. es misTvis sarfiani iqneba. is amas amitomac akeTebs. Tu marTali aRmoCnda, is Tqvengan ixeirebs. magram es TqvenTvisac xelsayrelia, radgan odnav mets ixdiT imaSi dasarwmune-blad, rom kauCuks SeiZenT im fasad, rac biujetiT gaiT-valiswineT. Tu fasi ufro maRalia, mainc xels gaZlevT, imitom rom marto imdeni unda gadaixadoT, ramdenzec movaWres gaurigdiT, is ki wagebuli rCeba. warmoebuli bazari savsea saeWvo da azartuli TamaSebiT, romlebic exeba momavalSi yvelafris cvalebadobas, navTobis fa-sidan zaris xmis Rirebulebamde dolarTan SefardebiT, iseve rogorc dolaridan batamde ienTan SepirispirebiT.

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ratom aris es mniSvnelovani da saintereso mkiTxvele-bisaTvis?

Cvens mkiTxvelTagan/mayurebelTagan cota Tu iqneba ba-zris movaWre, cotas Tu ecodineba rame bazrebis Sesaxeb, magram fasebis meryeoba azaralebs maT. Zneli ar aris imis gaazreba, rom navTobis fasis zrda yvelas gvazaralebs, rogorc avtobusis mgzavrebs, aseve maT, vinc bazarze gatanil sakvebs yidulobs; an kidev, nedleulis bazarze bambaze dawesebuli dabali fasi zemoqmedebs planta-torebis kompaniebsa da bambis mkrefavebze. sakvebze ma-Ralma fasebma 2007-2008 wlebSi ekonomistebi aiZula, saubari daewyoT sakvebis krizisze. sasaqonlo bazrebze dakvirvebisas droul signals viRebT imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra aris mosalodneli.

2008 wlis msoflio finansuri krizisi, pirvel yovli-sa, amerikaSi saxlebis fasebs Seexo, magram elviseburi siswrafiT gavrcelda. man daazarala savaluto bazari, radgan yvelas aSinebda fulis gasesxeba im mizezT, vaiTu ukan ar dagvibrundeso. aman gamoiwvia kreditis SezRud-va. aman Semdeg fasiani qaRaldebisa da obligaciebis ba-zarzec gadainacvla, radgan bankebis wilebi mkveTrad Sem-cirda da yvelam gaiazra, rom es gamoiwvevda ekonomikis daqveiTebas, rac yvela kompanias daartyamda. kompaniebi iZulebuli Seiqnen, SeekvecaT investiciebi da SeezRudaT gafarToeba, ase rom, aman mniSvnelovnad imoqmeda sasa-qonlo bazarze, radgan nedl masalaze moTxovnileba Sem-cirda (navTobis fasi, romlis 1 barelis fasi ori wlis ganmavlobaSi $40-dan $147-mde gaizarda, eqvs TveSi kvlav Tavdapirvel niSnulamde Semcirda).

Semdeg savaluto bazari yovelgvar zRvars gascda – ienma istoriaSi umaRles niSnuls miaRwia da dolarmac mkveTrad imata. es imitom, rom orive SemTxvevaSi finan-

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suri bazris sainvesticio TanxaSi arsebuli miliarde-bi mTeli msoflios masStabiT ukanve, iaponiisaken da SeerTebuli Statebisaken warimarTa da am orive valu-taze moTxovnileba gaizarda.

rogori istoriebi iqmneba, aqedan gamomdinare?

aris bevri rutinuli, bazarTan dakavSirebuli istoria, romlebic Cveulebrivi mkiTxvelisaTvis imaze mniSvnelo-vani da saintereso rodia, vidre fexburTis matCis Sede-gebi maTTvis, vinc ar swyalobs am TamaSs. maT, Cveule-briv, bazarTan dakavSirebuli ambebis kuTvnil gverde-bze naxavT. magram aris bevri sxva istoriac, romlebic saintereso da mniSvnelovania mkiTxvelisaTvis. rodesac qveyanaSi iqmneba bazari, magaliTad, safondo birJa, be-vri istoria Cndeba imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor imuSavebs igi, vin marTavs, romeli kompaniebi Seva saxelmwifosgan ga-sasxvisebel nusxaSi da ra meTods mimarTaven amis aRsas-ruleblad. aris aseve saintereso istoriebi, romlebic xalxs miemarTeba – vin arian movaWreebi da biznesmenebi Tu investorebi, romlebic ixeireben? aris kidev isto-riebi korufciasa da danaSaulze (yvelaze did finansur danaSauls istoriaSi Cadiodnen 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi, romlis drosac bazrebisa da investirebis sabanko ope-raciebma piks miaRwia – $50 miliardis gayalbeba Bernie Madoff-is mier, romelic maRali Tanamdebobis mqone da gamocdili amerikeli investori iyo).

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vaWroba da globalizacia

ras niSnavs es?

meore msoflio omis Semdeg saerTaSoriso politikis Semqmnelebma (metwilad amerikelebma da britanelebma) irwmunes, rom qveynebs Soris savaWro oms 1930-ian wlebSi nawilobrivi pasuxismgebloba ekisreboda namdvil omze, romelic mas mohyva. maT aseve swamdaT, rom siRaribes mosdevda cudi politika, romelic warmoSobda hitle-ris msgavs diqtatorebs. maT miaCndaT, rom saerTaSoriso finansuri sistemis qaosi, cvalebadi savaluto kursiT, agreTve garkveul rols TamaSobda. ase rom, maT gamarTes saerTaSoriso monetaruli fondi, msoflio banki da dades generaluri SeTanxmeba sabaJo tarifebsa da vaWro-baze (GATT), romelic mogvianebiT msoflio vaWrobis or-ganizaciad gardaiqmna. maT sWirdebodaT es sami organi-zacia msoflio ekonomikis samarTavad, raTa uzrunve-leyoT mSvidoba ori msoflio omis Semdeg vaWrobisa da investiciebisaTvis karis gaRebis saSualebiT. Semdgo-mi 40 wlis ganmavlobaSi The Gatt-ma warmatebas miaRwia im araerTi barieris moSlaSi, romlebic xels uSlida msofliosTan vaWrobaSi, magram civma omma da msoflios didi nawilis dayofam prokapitalistur da antikapita-listur qveynebad daabrkola Tavisufali sabazro ekono-mikis gavrceleba. 1980-ian wlebSi es procesi gagrZelda (sityva „globalizacia“ pirvelad 1983 wels ixmares). Deng Xiaoping-is reformebma CineTSi da berlinis kedlis moS-lam daaxloebiT erTi dekadis Semdeg gza gaukvala saba-zro ekonomikis Teoriis gavrcelebas, savaWro-safinanso liberalizaciis politikis gatarebiT, dedamiwis lamis yvela kuTxe-kunWulSi. am perioSi ramdenjerme iCina Tavi finansurma krizisma, magram globalizacia da liberali-

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zacia ganagrZobda gafarToebas. wesebi moicavs rwmenas imisa, rom:

• ganviTarebadma qveynebma unda moizidon investi-ciebi ufro mdidari qveynebidan, radgan es qmnis samuSao adgilebs da warmogvidgens teqnologieb-sa da unar-Cvevebs, romelTa ganviTarebasac Tavad ver moaxerxebdnen. es yvelaze ukeT xorcieldeba kapitalis Tavisufali modinebisa da bazarze da-fuZnebuli savaluto kursis wyalobiT.

• ucxoel investorebTan da produqciasTan konku-rencia aumjobesebs saqonlisa da momsaxurebis xa-risxs momxmareblebisaTvis ganviTarebad qveynebSi.

• ganviTarebadi qveynebi unda SeuerTdnen msoflio savaWro organizacias (romelic amoizarda GATT-idan). amis gasakeTeblad maT mouwevT TavianTi ba-zris karis gaxsna ucxour importTan meti konku-renciisaTvis, magram es agreTve uzrunvelyofs sxva bazrebze maT met xelmisawvdomobas TaviaTi saeqsporto saqonlisaTvis. 2008 wlis masiurma globalurma krizismac ki ver SeZlo, fatalurad gamoeTxara Ziri am politikisadmi sayovelTaod gavrcelebuli mijaWvulobisaTvis. asea Tu ise, Se-saZloa, kvlavac ase gagrZeldes.

ratom aris es mniSvnelovani da saintereso mkiTxveli-saTvis?

araferi axdens qveyanaze ucxo saxelmwifoebis mxridan iseT zemoqmedebas, rogorsac globaluri ekonomikuri liberalizacia. samuSao, tradiciuli unar-Cvevebi, kul-tura, socialuri Rirebulebebi da a. S. SeiZleba Seicva-los swrafi ganviTarebisa da qveynis globaluri konku-

47

renciisadmi da ucxouri produqciisa Tu Rirebulebe-bisadmi daqvemdebarebis wyalobiT. politikis zogierTi Semqmneli da Zveli sistemiT dainteresebuli xalxi amas ewinaaRmdegeba. zogis TvalsazrisiT, swored amgvar po-litikas SeuZlia siRaribisaTvis da ekonomikuri CamorCe-nilobisaTvis bolos moReba da xalxisaTvis cxovrebis ukeTesi xarisxis SeTavazeba. aranairi mniSvneloba ara aqvs imas, Tu am TvalsazrisTagan romels daeTanxme-biT. rogorc Jurnalists, SegiZliaT SeniSnoT interesi Tqvens mkiTxvelebSi. TqvenTvis Zneli iqneba, magaliTad, imis axsna, Tu ra kavSiri arsebobs gasatarebel politi-kasa da Sedegebs Soris da ratomaa, rom los-anJeles-Si saxlze fasis dacemam maRaroels SeiZleba samsaxuri daakargvinos karaianis spilenZ-molibdenis maRaroSi, damlagebels – adgili baqoSi an muSas – samuSao Tbili-sis keramikis mwarmoebel qarxanaSi.

rogori istoriebi iqmneba, aqedan gamomdinare?

yvelaze mniSvnelovani istoriebi dakavSirebulia poli-tikasTan: ris gakeTebas an argakeTebas apirebs Tqveni mTavroba SemdgomSi meti investiciebis mosazidad – im-ports ufro Seuwyobs xels Tu eqsports? yvelaze uke-Tesi, rac SeiZleba gaakeToT, gaxlavT mkiTxvelisaTvis imis Cveneba, Tu rogor muSaobs es politika da rogor zemoqmedebs is Cveulebrivi xalxis cxovrebaze. wadiT iq, sadac iqmneba axali samuSao adgilebi an ikargeba tradi-ciuli samsaxuri, sadac turistebs SemoaqvT dolarebi an sadac garemoze Zaladoben, sadac myidvels meti arCevani aqvs an sadac ojaxis mier marTuli maRaziebi da biznesi ixureba, radgan isini ver uZleben konkurencias. uambeT es yvelaferi maT, rogorc uSualo damkvirvebelma Tavad xalxis eniT.

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Tavi III. ricxvebi da statistika

ricxvebi, statistika da specifikuri monacemebi sasi-cocxlod mniSvnelovania biznesistoriebSi. maT ver ava-ridebT Tavs. isini, faqtobrivad, arsebiTia Cveni saq-mianobisaTvis da wonasa da sizustes hmatebs axal ambebze daweril statiebs. saWiroa vicodeT, rogor gamoviyenoT isini Cven sasargeblod. es niSnavs imis gaazrebas, Tu ro-gor gamoviyenoT ricxvebi ambis Sesalamazeblad da ro-gor aviridoT Tavidan, rodesac kargs arafers gviqadian.

zogadi TvalsazrisiT, biznesisa da ekonomikuri is-toriebisaTvis mniSvnelovani ricxvebi gaRizianebis wya-rod iqceva samizne auditoriisaTvis, rodesac statia am ricxvebiT metismetad gadatvirTulia.

modiT, CavxedoT am magaliTs:

saxazino Tamasuqebis auqcionebis Sedegebis Tanax-mad, 364 dRis ganmavlobaSi SeTavazebul iqna 36.5 miliardis nacvlad 27 miliardi 6.8 procentiani ganakveTiT. 182 dRis ganmavlobaSi 30 miliardis nacvlad, romlis saprocento nixri utoldeba 6.8%-s, SemoTavazebul iqna 52.7 miliardis odeno-bis Tanxa. mTlianobaSi, 91 dRis ganmavlobaSi SeTa-vazebul iqna 41.1 miliardi, nacvlad 30 miliardisa 3.8 saprocento nixriT.

asea Tu ise, 35-dRiani periodisTvis xelmowera gauqmda 15 miliadis nacvlad 7.5 miliardis SeTa-

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vazebis mizeziT, romlis saprocento nixric gaxl-daT 2.8%.

Teqvsmeti (16) ricxvia CatvirTuli sul raRac sam ab-zacSi! es metismetia auditoriisaTvis da TviT daxvewili mkiTxvelisTvisac ki SiSis momgvrelia. maSasadame, xrikic isaa, rom SeirCes ramdenime ricxvi an ganlagdnen isini mwkrivad, raTa auditorias gageba gauadvildes. arCevani Jurnalistzea.

zemoxsenebul magaliTSi, mavansa da mavans SeuZlia cota ram gadaweros, gaaredaqtiros da ricxvebis sami meoTxedi amoiRos:

saprocento ganakveTi saxazino Tamasuqebis kvar-talur-wliuri gamyarebis periodisaTvis 3-dan 6.8-ze odnav met procentamde meryeobda, rac yvelaze metad mimzidveli Canda da gvarianad gazviadebuli gaxldaT.

gamyarebis yvelaze xanmokle, 35-dRiani periodis-Tvis saxazino Tamasuqi gayinuli gaxldaT, ramde-nadac finansurma dilerebma ganacxadi gaakeTes SemoTavazebis mxolod naxevarze, albaT imitom, rom 2.8-procentiani ganakveTi arc ise mimzidveli Canda.

yvelaze mniSvnelovani da dasamaxsovrebeli aforiz-mi gveubneba, rom axali ambebi gaTvaliswinebuli ar aris finansuri instituciebis eqspertebisa da akademikosebi-saTvis. axali ambebi ufro metad mkiTxvelebs, msmenele-bsa da mayureblebs gulisxmobs.

saSualod, auditorias ainteresebs ramdenime ricxvi, romelic mavansa da mavans daexmareba zogierTi mimar-Tulebis gaazrebasa da daproeqtebaSi, mere ki igi, ro-gorc bazris monawile, gadawyvetilebebs miiRebs.

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CasviT ricxvebi konteqstSi

maSinac ki, rodesac ricxvebi zomieradaa naxmari bizne-sistoriaSi, statia uintereso xdeba, Tu masze ar aisaxeba garkveuli saxis mamoZravebeli impulsi biznessa Tu eko-nomikaSi.

bolos da bolos, ricxvebi da statistika ar gamoiye-neba marto sakuTari Tavis wamosaCenad. saWiroa audi-torias davumtkicoT, rom zogierT qmedeba – magali-Tad, garkveul ekonomikur seqtorSi an biznesis zonaSi – realurad xorcieldeba an ganxorcieldeba garkveuli mimarTulebiT.

martivad rom gadmovceT, ricxvebi alamazeben naam-bobs, rodesac maT SeuZliaT, gamoxaton raRac momxda-ri ambavi an Seadaron da daupirispiron erTi ambavi meores. amitom mudam unda iqonioT maragSi istoriuli Sedareba axali ekonomikuri, zogadi da finansuri gaan-gariSebisaTvis. Sedarebebi SesaZloa iyos wina Tvis, wina kvartlis an wina wlis amave periodi.

finansuri reportiori, magaliTad, ver ityvis: XYZ fexsacmlis kompaniam wleuls awarmoa am fexsacmlis 1350 wyvili. imisaTvis, rom naambobs raRac mniSvneloba miva-niWoT, unda davZinoT: „nacvlad SarSan warmoebuli 1000 fexsacmlisa“.

modiT, gadavxedoT am magaliTebs:gazeTis mowinave statia ekonomikaze simZlavris de-

ficitis zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb ase ikiTxeba:

simZlavris krizisma 5.6%-mde Seanela qveynis eko-nomikuri zrda ama wlis meore kvartalSi, Sedare-biT SarSandeli wlis amave periodisgan, rodesac maCvenebeli 6.8% iyo.

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reportiorma SesaniSnavad gamoavlina mowinave statii-sadmi Tavisi ganmasxvavebeli damokidebuleba. mkiTxveli amas xedavs da Seswevs unari, ahyves ekonomikaSi mimdinare Zvrebs.

aqvea kidev erTi magaliTi, sadac reportiori ima-ragebs Sedarebebs sadazRvevo SenatanebisaTvis(://en.trend.az/business/economy/2800687.html):

azerbaijanulma sadazRvevo kompaniebma 2017 wlis ianvar-agvistoSi Seagroves 368.92 milioni manaTis odenobis sadazRvevo Senatanebi, rac 2016 wlis imave periodSi Segrovil Tanxaze 3.6 procentiT metia, – ityobineba 25 seqtembers gamosuli Finan-cial Market Supervisory Authority (FIMSA).

am periodSi moTxovnebi, garantiis Sesabamisad, gautolda 167.06 milion manaTs, rac 22.1 procen-tiT metia 2016 wlis imave periodSi arsebul moTxovnebze.

SeadareT qarTul eqsportze Seqmnili es istoria evrokavSiris qveynebisas evrokavSirTan savaWro garige-bis dadebidan ori wlis Semdeg (http://www.investor.ge/ar-ticle–2016–5.php?art=3):

gasuli ori weli sawyisi wertili aRmoCnda xan-grZlivi mogzaurobisa, – ganacxada ekonomikisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis saministros ucxoeTTan vaWrobisa da saerTaSoriso ekonomikuri urTier-Tobebis departamentis Tavmjdomarem mariam ga-buniam.

gasuli 24 Tvis ganmavlobaSi qarTul nawarms yve-laze didi warmateba xvda wilad aRmosavleT evro-pis bazrebze, – ganacxada man, – magaliTad, 2015

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wels poloneTSi qarTuli eqsporti 184 procen-tiT gaizarda. qarTuli kompaniebi aseve imkvidre-ben TavianT kuTvnil adgils Soreul dasavleT-Si. magaliTad, irlandiaSi qarTuli eqsporti 13 proceniT gaizarda.

am istoriaSi moyvanili ricxvebi – 184 da 13 procenti – arafers gvetyvis, Tu ar gvecodineba erTi wlis winan-deli Sesabamis eqsportTan Sepirispirebuli maTi Sedare-biTi Rirebuleba.

garda amisa, am magaliTSi ricxvebi gamoyenebulia sruliad umiznod, rac Zalze momabezrebelia (http://geor-giatoday.ge/news/7521/Foreign-Direct-Investments-at-%24346.6-mil-lion-in-Q2-2017):

$346.6-milioniani pirdapiri ucxouri investi-ciebi 2017 wlis meore kvartalSi

saqarTvelos erovnuli statistikis samsaxurma (Geostat) gamoaqveyna winaswari monacemebi pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis (FDI) Sesaxeb, romlis Ta-naxmadac 2017 wlis meore kvartalSi ganxorciel-da $346.6-milioniani kapitaldabandeba, wliuri 14.3 saprocento ganakveTiT.

Geostat-i adgens, rom 2017 wlis meore kvartalSi Zi-riTadi investori qveynebis nusxis TavSia azerbai-jani, romelsac mohyveba niderlandebi, TurqeTi, gaerTianebuli samefo, CexeTis respublika, panama, luqsemburgi, SeerTebuli Statebi da CineTi.

sami mTavari investori qveynis FDI-is wili ase-Tia: azerbaijani (36.6%), niderlandebi (12.4%) da TurqeTi (11.3 %).

saqarTvelos nacionaluri statistikis samsaxuri aqveynebs sami mTavari ekonomikuri seqtoris –

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transportis, komunikaciisa da mSeneblobis – pir-dapiri ucxouri investiciebis wils, romelic 2017 wlis meore kvartalSi utoldeba 66.3%-s, raSic udidesi wvlili miuZRvis transportisa da komuni-kaciisaTvis gankuTvnil pirdapir ucxour investi-ciebs ($130.4 milioni). meore adgils ikavebs mSene-blobis seqtori ($70 milioni), xolo sastumroebma da restornebma gamoyves $29.3 milioni.

ricxvebi auditoriisaTvis gasagebi gaxadeT

saSualeba Tu gaqvT, gamoiyeneT diagramebi da grafike-bi. es amcirebs ambis gaugebari da gaWianurebuli statis-tikiT gadatvirTvis saWiroebas. ix. qvemoT:

histograma temperaturis diagrama

seqtoruli diagrama

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SeadareT raodenobis, zomisa da/an manZilis Sesaxeb informacia TvalsaCinoebisaTvis

Tu Tqven, magaliTad, ganacxadebT, rom msoflio bank-ma moiwona somxeTze 73-milioniani sesxis gacema, Tqveni auditoria ufro TvalnaTliv warmoidgens am odenobis Tanxas, Tu mas SeadarebT konkretuli finansuri wlis ganmavlobaSi gaerTianebuli ramdenime saministrosaTvis gamoyofil srul biujets.

Tu Tqven ganacxadebT, rom mSeneblobisaTvis ganku-Tvnili adgili „fexburTis moedanze TiTqmis orjer me-tia“, Tqveni auditoria, gansakuTrebiT radiomsmeneli, amas ukeT warmoidgens, vidre im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Tqven axsenebT kvadratul metrebs.

wiladebi

mkiTxvelTa umetesobisaTvis ZiriTadi wiladebi iseTi umartivesi ricxvebia, rogoricaa naxevari, meoTxedi, mesamedi, mexuTedi da meaTedi. yvela danarCeni mxo-lod Secbunebas iwvevs. ase rom, scadeT, gamonaxoT gza maT Tavidan asacileblad; magaliTad, gadaiyvaneT isini procentebSi. sadac didi ricxvebi an Tundac procentu-loba Warbobs, SeecadeT ise daamrgvaloT, rom romelime ZiriTad wiladad aqcioT.

ase rom: nacvlad 51.1 procentisa, TqviT „daaxloe-biT naxevari“, 73.9 SecvaleT „TiTqmis sami meoTxediT“, 30 procentis nacvlad ki axseneT „erTi mesamedi“; 200 procentis magivrad ki gamoiyeneT sityva „orjer“ an „or-magi“.

zogjer saWiroa zedmiwevniT zusti ricxvebis xsene-ba, magaliTad, rodesac gadmovcemT savaluto kursis

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meryeobas, safondo birJis informacias, ekonomikis cva-lebad maCveneblebs, rogoricaa umuSevrobis ukanaskne li ricxobrivi monacemebi Tu inflaciis xarisxi da sapro-cento ganakveTis done.

ricxvebis damrgvaleba

imisaTvis, rom mkiTxvels gauadviloT ricxvebSi garkveva, SegiZliaT maTi damrgvaleba. damrgvaleba niSnavs cifris ricxvamde dayvanas an ayvanas ise, rom misi mniSvneloba realuri ricxvis mniSvnelobas utoldebodes. Sedegad viRebT naklebi sizustis, magram gamosayeneblad ufro martiv ricxvs.

• gadawyviteT, bolos romeli cifri unda daito-voT.

• nu SecvliT mas, Tu Semdegi cifri 5-ze naklebia (amas ewodeba naklebobiT damrgvaleba).

• magram gazardeT is erTi erTeuliT, Tu Semdegi cif ri 5 an metia (amas uwodeben metobiT damrgvale-bas).

• damrgvalebuli ricxvi Tavisi mniSvnelobiT TiTq-mis utoldeba sawyis ricxvs, magram naklebad zustia.

magaliTad, 3 769 000 amerikuli dolari SegiZliaT daam rgvaloT 3.77 milion an 3.8 amerikul dolaramde. ar aris saWiro metismeti damrgvaleba 4 milion dolaramde, radgan Tanxas daakldeba 231,000 dolari, es ki sakmaod mniSvnelovani ricxvia saimisod, rom gamovtovoT.

aseve SegiZliaT 23.84 daamrgvaloT 24-mde, xolo 0.00598 daamrgvaloT 0.006-mde.

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gamoiyeneT erTi decimaluri monacemi ekonomikuri maCveneblebis cvlilebis procentulobis warmosaCenad (magaliTad, turistTa nakadi 2016 wlisaTvis gaizarda 24.5 procentiT). Cveulebriv, gamoiyeneT, didi-didi, ori decimaluri monacemi yvela cifrisaTvis, Tu SeuZlebe-li ar aris misi Tavidan arideba, rogorc, magaliTad, im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac unda warmovaCinoT gansxvaveba erT-maneTTan axlos mdgom or cifrs Soris.

procentuloba

es albaT yvelaze xSirad gamoyenebuli statistikaa. es imitom, rom is TavisTavad gulisxmobs Sedarebas. nu dauSvebT Secdomas da nu ityviT, rom is, ramac wels oTxi procentiT imata, Semcirda, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom SarSan mas eqvsprocentiani mateba hqonda. man mainc imata, oRond ufro neli tempiT.

amasTan dakavSirebiT gaxsovdeT, rom gansxvaveba orgvar procentulobas Soris warmoadgens procentu-lobis wertils. zemomoyvanil magaliTSi zrdis xarisxi SarSandelTan SedarebiT ori procentuli wertiliT iyo Senelebuli.

SefardebiT cvlileba

SefardebiTi cvlilebis gansazRvra biznesJurnalistisa-Tvis saWiro erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi unaria. xelfa-si, gasamrjelo, biujeti, mTliani erTTviani danaxarji saSualo SeZlebis ojaxisaTvis aisaxeba samrewvelo sa-qonlisa da momsaxurebis „kalaTaze“, iseve rogorc sxva ricxvebze, romlebic xan izrdeba da xanac mcirdeba.

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SefardebiTi cvlileba procentulobis gamoyenebis gziT gansazRvravs gansxvavebas RirebulebaSi. Sefarde-biTi cvlileba erT-erTi saSualebaTagania programis ze-moqmedebis warmosaCenad Tu cvlilebis masStabis gadmo-sacemad. is gviCvenebs gansxvavebas „manam vs Semdeg“ Rire-bulebebs Soris. SefardebiT cvlilebas SeiZleba hqondes rogorc dadebiTi, ise uaryofiTi mxare.

axali fasi – Zveli fasi–––––––––––––––––––––––– × 100 Zveli fasi

p2 – p1–––––– × 100 p1

magaliTad, rogoria SefardebiTi cvlileba saferavis momyvani mevenaxis 2015-2016 wlebis wliur SemosavalSi?

saferavis momyvani me venaxis wliuri Semo savali:

2015-Si50.500,000 lari

2016-Si56.252,715 lari

56.452,755– 50.500,000 (= 5.952,755) ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– × 100

50.500,000

0,1178 × 100 = 11,78 % damrgvalebuli 12%-mde

saferavis momyvani mevenaxis wliuri Semosavali 2016 wels 12%-iT gaizarda 2015 welTan SedarebiT.

erT sul mosaxleze

zogjer ricxvebis moSveliebas marto maSin aqvs azri – anda es ufro azriani maSinaa – rodesac ici, ramdeni adamiania CarTuli saqmeSi. Per capita laTinuri sityvaa da niSnavs „erT sul mosaxleze“. es, magaliTad, gvexmareba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saqme exeba baraqian qveyanas. srul su-raTs ver SeiqmniT, Tu getyvian, rom qveyana A-s mTlia-

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ni adgilobrivi produqti (GDP: weliwadSi warmoebuli mTliani simdidre) utoldeba 100 miliard, xolo qveyana B-is produqti – 50 miliard amerikul dolars, anu qveya-na A-Si cxovrobs orjer meti adamiani, vidre qveyana B-Si. es imas niSnavs, rom maTi erT sul mosaxleze warmoebuli produqti Tanabaria.

rodesac qveyanaSi raRacaze moTxovnileba ver swvde-ba mosaxleobis raodenobas, saqme gvaqvs gansxvavebul viTarebasTan. Tu A qveyanasa da B qveyanas, orives er-Tad, 1000 eqimi hyavs, kargi iqneba, Tu gacnobeben, rom A qveyanas hyavs 5 eqimi yovel 10000 kacze, B qveyanas ki – 10 eqimi. es sazogadoebis ganviTarebis gansakuTrebiT sasargeblo maCvenebelia.

rodesac ambis SeTxzvaze midgeba saqme, kargi iqneba, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT ramdenime saxelmZRvanelo miTiTe-bas ricxvebis efeqtiani gamoyenebisaTvis:1. wereT ise, rom ricxvebi avsebdnen monaTxrobs da ara

piriqiT. dafiqrdiT: ris Sesaxebaa naambobi? mere ki, pirvel yovlisa, pasuxi gaeciT ise, rom ricxvebi ar gamoiyenoT. ase ixsniT Tavs ricxvebis monobisagan. sxva sityvebiT, ifiqreT ricxvebze, rogorc ambis Txrobis saSualebebze da ara rogorc ambis arsze.

2. Tu ggoniaT, rom ricxvebis gamoyenebas arsebiTi mniSvnloba aqvs ambis gasagebad, maragSi iqonieT mxo-lod ori. dRes ixmareba „ratom“? da „ra iqneba Sede-gi“? da aranairi ricxvebi.

3. Cveulebrivi axali ambavi unda Seicavdes ara umetes 5-6 ricxvisa. mkiTxvelisTvis esec bevri iqneba. ajo-bebs, Tu amaze naklebs gamoiyenebT.

4. ricxvebi gadaanawileT ambavSi. Tavs nu mouyriT er-Tad. SeecadeT gantvirToT situacia maTi gadanawile-biT da citatebis tempis cvlilebiT.

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5. erTmaneTis Tanaxmieri ricxvebi erTad datoveT. Tu Tqven pirvel abzacSi angariSs waradgenT kompaniis gayidvebis monacemebze, nuRar iCqarebT bolo abzacSi msgavsi kompaniis gayidvebis monacemebis gamomzeure-bas.

6. gaxsovdeT, rom ricxvebi erT-erTi Tavmomabezrebe-li faqtoria mkiTxvelebisaTvis. aseTive faqtoria grZeli winadadebebi, ucnobi kompaniebisa da adgile-bis dasaxelebebi, adamianebis saxelebi, saqmianobis miTiTeba da teqnikuri ena. daaSoreT es faqtorebi erTmaneTs, ramdenadac SesaZlebelia. iq, sadac erTi maTgani mainc unda gamoiyenoT, ricxvebis xmareba ma-qsimalurad SezRudeT.

7. imisaTvis, rom ricxvebi mkiTxvelisaTvis mkafio ga-vxadoT, SeecadeT daamrgvaloT isini.

8. saprocento ganakveTebi xSirad Zalze abstraqtulad gamoiyureba. sadac SesaZlebelia, SeecadeT gansxvave-buli gamoTqmebi gamoiyenoT maT gadmosacemad: „50 procenti“ SeiZleba SevcvaloT sityviT „naxevari“, „200 procenti“ – sityviT „orjer“ an „ormagi“.

9. dafiqrdiT zogierTi ricxvis amoRebaze da maTi ga-moyenebiT cxrilis an grafikis Sedgenaze imgvarad, rom informacia SigniT moeqces, Txrobas ki silaRe daetyos.

10. rodesac uaryofiT ricxvebs iyenebT, dawereT minus 65 da ara -65.

11. SeamowmeT yvela maTgani, SeamowmeT orjer, samjer.

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Tavi IV. sicxade efuZneba simartives

araerTgzis Tqmula, rom auditoriis yuradRebis mipyro-ba gaxlavT is mTavari mizani, romelsac unda eswrafvo-des nebismieri Jurnalisti. xolo yvelaze ufro mniSv-nelovani miRweva, romelsac auditoria elis mediisagan, gaxlavT Sinaarsis gaazreba.

gaxsovdeT, rom umTavresi roli da mizani biznesJur-nalistikisa mdgomareobs auditoriis gulisa da gone-bis dapyrobaSi da xelis SewyobaSi misi gadawyvetile-bisa, gaxdes bazris Tanamonawile da gaakeTos arCevani. amis misaRwevad biznesistoriebis brendireba da SefuT-va ise unda moxerxdes, rom yuradReba miipyros da ga-sagebi Seiqnas. sicxade da simartive sakvanZo sityvebia am SemTxvevaSi. saukeTeso biznesistoriebi martivi eniT ganmartaven finansur da ekonomikur terminebs.

am sazRvrebs Tu ar davicavT, biznesze msjeloba rTu-li da momabezrebeli xdeba da auditoriac Seijavrebs mas. Jurnalistebs unda gaxsovdeT, rom aramarto ekono-mistebi kiTxuloben axal ambebs. rigiTi mkiTxvelisa da mayureblisaTvis ekonomikuri Jargoni mosawyeni, Tavmo-mabezrebeli da Semacbunebelia. da mainc, ufro daxvewil mkiTxvelsa da mayurebelsac ki ufro metad axali ambebis gacnoba ainteresebs da ara erTi da imave ambis mosmena odesRac kolejSi Seswavlili ekonomikis, biznesisa Tu finansebis sferoSi. warmoidgineT, rom statias werT

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ubralo adamianisaTvis, magaliTad, dedaTqvenisaTvis. Tavi aarideT Jargons da martivad CamoayalibeT Tqveni saTqmeli.

am konteqstSi mouxmeT princips „martivad da goni-vrulad“. radgan simartives sicxade Seaqvs bazris mo-nawileTa rigebSi, miiReT informirebuli gadawyvetile-bani maTs amJamindel da momaval ekonomikur cxovrebas-Tan dakavSirebiT. swored es gadawyvetilebani aniWebs legitimurobas biznesJurnalistikas. da mainc, odnavi sifrTxilis dacvaa saWiro am gancxadebasTan mimarTe-biT, vinaidan metismeti gamartivebis gvariani saSiSroe-bac arsebobs, romelic SesaZloa sxva ukidures qmedebaSi gadaizardos: „martivad da briyvulad“.

Jargonis marTva, teqnikuri terminebis gan-sazRvra, procesebis axsna

TiTqmis yvela sazogadoebaSi viTardeba ena, romelsac specifikuri mniSvneloba aqvs maTTvis, vinc misi nawilia da romelic gaugebaria gareSeTaTvis. es exeba rogorc TamaSebs, ise mecnierebis dargebs. igive SegviZlia vTqvaT Cvens profesiaze. Cven vsaubrobT „mTavar siaxleebze“, „xanmokle cnobebze“, „qvesaTaurebsa“ da iseT Temebze, romelsac araJurnalisti ver gaigebs.

biznesisa da ekonomikis eqspertebi xSirad iyeneben rTul sityvebsa da terminebs interviuebsa da publika-ciebSi. Sedegad, Tu reportiorebi warmogvidgenen nedl masalas uSualod teqnikuri wyarodan, ambavi, sabolood, mosabezrebeli da Semacbunebeli xdeba da ara – mimzidve-li. Sedegad, komunikacia wydeba. biznesJurnalistma unda icodes am sityvebis mniSvneloba, magram rigiT mkiTxvels ver movTxovT maTi mniSvnelobis codnas. enis is saxeoba,

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romelic gamoiyeneba nebismieri biznesstatiis Sinaarsis warmosaCenad, didwilad gansazRvravs imas, Caswvdeba Tu ara mas met-naklebad auditoria.

es imas niSnavs, rom Tqven sakmaod kargad unda dawe-roT statia, raTa am dargis eqspertebi daainteresoT da raRac SesZinoT maT, magram is ise unda iyos mowodebu-li, rom araeqspertebmac SeZlon misi gageba. es Znelia, magram arsebobs saxelmZRvanelo principebi, romlebic dagexmarebaT: • upirvelesi amocanaa, ramdenadac SesaZlebelia, biz-

nes- da ekonomikuri Jargonis Tavidan arideba axali ambebis gadmocemisas, radgan is arTulebs komunika-cias. ase rom, dafiqrdiT, arsebobs Tu ara zogadi fraza an sityva, romelsac igive mniSvneloba aqvs? Tu asea, gamoiyeneT is. nacvlad imisa, rom TqvaT, „mTli-ani adgilobrivi produqcia gaizarda xuTi procen-tiT“, TqviT, `ekonomika gaizarda xuTi procentiT“. nu dawerT, „momxmareblis fasebis indeqsi gaizarda 0.2 procentiT“. ajobebs daweroT, „momxmareblis fasebi gaizarda 0.2 procentiT“. Tu saWiroa, SegiZliaT ga-moiyenoT teqnikuri terminebi, Tumca es arc ise au-cilebelia.

• da mainc, xSirad, Jurnalisti ver gaeqceva biznesis-toriaSi eqspertebis mier gamoyenebuli sityvebis xmarebas. Tu wyaroebSi gamoyenebulia rTuli termi-nologia an Tu rame ar gesmiT, ikiTxeT; da Tu mainc ver gaigeT, gamotoveT – Tqveni mkiTxvelebi, sava-raudod, ver mixvdebian; da Tu mainc mixvdebian, Se-giZliaT sakuTari Tavic gakenwloT da gazeTic.

• mianiSneT Tqvens mkiTxvelebs, rom aucilebeli ar aris, icodnen, ras niSnavs esa Tu is termini. amis gakeTeba SegiZliaT aseTnarad: rodesac am termins pirvelad

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gamoiyenebT, ubralod TqviT, „cnobili rogorc“... an „rasac ekonomistebi uwodeben“... es mkiTxvels agrZnobinebs, rom marto misTvis araa gaugebari da rom Tqven misi megobari xarT. morigi SesaZlebloba rom mogecemaT, ganmarteT misi mniSvneloba.

• moerideT teqnikuri terminebis xmarebas.• rodesac saWiroa teqnikuri terminis gamoyeneba,

nu gamoiyenebT mas im raRacebTan erTad, ris gamoc mkiTxvelma SesaZloa piri ibrunos Tqvengan. aseTebia: viRacisTvis raRacis mikuTvneba, ricxvebi, adamiane-bis, adgilebisa da organizaciebis ucnobi saxelebi.

• nu SeecdebiT teqnikuri terminebis axsnas sxva te-qnikuri terminebis gamoyenebiT. aseTi rame damaxa-siaTebelia teqnikuri leqsikonebisaTvis. Tqven Jur-nalisti xarT, sityvis mWedeli. dabrZandiT da moi-fiqreT, rogor ganmartoT martivi eniT. teqnikur termins nu moaqcevT Tavsatexebisa Tu rTuli fraze-bis garemocvaSi. rTulia, magram vina Tqva, Jurnalis-toba adviliao?

• nu SewyvetT Txrobas da moiZieT axsna-ganmarteba. ganmarteba unda gamomdinareobdes Tavad winadade-bidan, romelic sxva informaciasac itevs. amas hqvia axsna-ganmartebis damalva. misi wyalobiT ambavi amoqmeddeba da mkiTxvelic igrZnobs, rom aravin uwe-vs meurveobas. magaliTad:. „ministrma ganacxada, rom inflaciis donem 5 procents miaRwia. 2014 wlidan moyolebuli, pirveli SemTxvevaa, rom samrewvelo sa-qonelsa da momsaxurebaze fasebis zrda gaormagda“.

• Tu bevri ram aris gansamartavi da asaxsneli, yve-lafers erTad nu gaakeTebT. es Zalze Seanelebs Txro-bis temps. zogjer jobs iTqvas, ras akeTebs, vidre ra aris. magaliTad:. derivati saSualebas aZlevs myidve-

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lebsa da gamyidvelebs, dResdReobiT SeTanxmdnen mo-maval fasze.

• procesis ganmarteba SeiZleba ufro efeqtiani aR-moCndes, vidre individualuri terminebis ganmarte-bis mcdeloba. magaliTad, termini „ucxouri valutis intervencia“ SegiZliaT SecvaloT amgvarad: „centra-luri bankebi, sxva valutis nacvlad, sakuTar valu-tas yidian da yiduloben savaluto kursis gasazrde-lad an Sesamcireblad, rac damokidebulia maTs Tval-sazrisze imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra argebs maTs ekonomikas“.

• SeecadeT moZebnoT realuri nimuSi imisa, rasac gan-martavT an gansazRvravT.

• gamoiyeneT citata raRacis mniSvnelobisa Tu mniSvne-lovnebis gansamartavad (qvemoT ix. xazgasmuli nawili magaliTSi). magaliTad:. “A blue chip” saqveynod aRiare-buli, kargad gamarTuli da finansurad myari kompa-niaa. misi saxelwodeba saTaves iRebs pokeris TamaSi-dan, sadac umaRlesi Rirebuleba aqvs pirveli klasis fasian qaRaldebs. v. milerma, ABC – universitetis mkvlevarma, ganacxada: „fasiani qaRaldebis dasta, ufro metad, naklebad cvalebad kapitaldabandebad ganixileba, vidre wilebis mflobelobad kompaniebSi, romelTac ar gaaCniaT fasiani qaRaldebis statusi, vinaidan fasian qaRaldebs institucionaluri statu-si aqvT ekonomikaSi“.

• nu daurTavT arasaWiro damatebiT informacias imave winadadebaSi an abzacSi. magaliTad:. 1998 wels Camoyalibebuli evropuli centraluri banki, rome-lic evrokavSiris Svid instituciaTagan erT-erTia da romelic Setanilia evrokavSirisa da evrokavSir-Si Semavali im 19 qveynis centraluri bankis Sesaxeb dadebul xelSekrulebaSi, evros rom aRiarebs, iRebs

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gadawyvetilebas, Sewyvitos 500-evroiani banknotebis beWdva.

• procesi zogjer SeiZleba ukeT ganimartos ambis Txrobis fonze, rogorc konkretuli SemTxvevis Seswavlisas, romelSic CarTulia xalxi.

• mkiTxvelebi ambis Txrobisas ukeT iwyeben saqmis vi-TarebaSi garkvevas, vidre romelime sxva meTodebis gamoyenebisas.

• Tu Tqven axali ambebis analizs iwyebT an narkvevs werT, SeecadeT ganmarteba miiRoT naambobidan da moaTavsoT is calke yuTSi an gadaitanoT grafikze. aseve SegiZliaT gagvacnoT manamde momxdari ambe-bi gazeTSi ganTavsebuli da damatebiTi informaciis Semcveli mokle statiis saSualebiT, romelsac, sava-raudod, suraTsac daurTavT.

• zogierTi Jargonuli gamoTqma SesaZloa ver ipovoT popularul leqsikonSi. amitom sasargebloa sakuTari sacnobaro meToduri rekomendaciebi biznesTan dakav-Sirebuli Jargonis asaTviseblad. onlainversia metad xelsayrelia.

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Tavi V. rogor movifiqroT mimzidveli biznesistoriebi

moiZieT humanuri elementi

biznesisa da ekonomikis yovelmxrivi ganviTareba, am sa-kiTxze momuSave reportiorebis interesis sferos rom warmoadgens, arsebiTad iZleva im adamianebis daxasiaTe-bas, romelic marTavs bizness da sxva arafers. ase rom, ipoveT namdvili siaxleebi da gaxadeT isini saintereso da mkiTxvelisa Tu mayureblisaTvis sakmarisad advili gasagebi. gamodiT ofisidan da ipoveT adamianebi, rome-lic qmnis nawarms, yidis da yidulobs mas. ekonomikasTan Tu biznesTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri istoria gviCve-nebs, rogor zemoqmedebs is myidvelebze, mommarageble-bze, mwarmoeblebsa da, zogadad, sazogadoebaze.

gascdi am gamonaTqvamis sazRvrebs – Jurnalistikis guSindeli dRe

axali ambebis miRma imaleba meqanizmebi da berketebi, romlebic gansazRvraven namdvili biznesis mimarTule-bas. imaSi Casawvdomad, Tu rogor inarCunebs biznesi garkveul mimarTulebas bazarze, Jurnalistma yoveli Ro ne unda ixmaros da gascdes am gamonaTqvamis sazRvrebs: „Jurnalistikis guSindeli dRe“. man unda inadiros „damaluli“ biznesis farul gegmebze.

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magaliTad, erTi SexedviT Tu vimsjelebT, Camosxmu-li ludis gayidvis xelSewyoba fasdaklebis formiT, savaraudod, mimarTulia momxmareblisaken, rogorc Cans, produqtiT dainteresebis, gasinjvisa da SeZenis wasaxaliseblad. Tumca mrewvelobis sakiTxebSi kargad garkveul xalxTan erTad ufro axlos dakvirvebam Se-saZloa gamoavlinos Semdegi: fasdakleba nakarnaxevia im WeSmaritebis gaazrebiT, rom garkveul brenduli saqon-lis marags vada ewureboda da saWiro iyo maTi Tavidan moSoreba.

mudam gaxsovdeT: SesaZloa, es kompania an finansTa sa-ministro maTia, magram es Tqveni ambavia. ase rom, Tqveni gadasawyvetia, rogor miudgeT da kidev vis elaparakoT.

Tavi aarideT presrelizs; gamoCxrikeT axali am bebi

mudam gverdiT gyavdeT damoukidebeli pirovneba, rome-lic imsjelebs mTavrobis gadawyvetilebaze (mag.: fiska-luri politikis Sesacvlelad) an imaze, Tu ras ake Tebs kompania (mag.: rodesac kompania pirvelad sTavazobs sazogadoebas gayidvis wilebs) – finansuri mxaris anali-tikosi, akademikosi, kvleviTi organizacia da myidveli.

iseve rogorc yvela istoriaSi, ukan dabrZandiT da ikiTxeT: risi codna sWirdeba mkiTxvels ambavSi ukeT Casawvdomad? metis Setyoba surs ufro gafarToebuli ekonomikis Sesaxeb? kompaniis Sesaxeb? bazris Sesaxeb? saqmeSi CarTuli adamianisa Tu xalxis Sesaxeb?

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globaluri ambebis lokalizeba

globaluri biznesistoriebi da sxva ambebi SesaZlebels xdis, lokaluri biznesis sakiTxi relevantur da droul siaxles daukavSiros da sagazeTo masalad aqcios. ambis lokalizeba niSnavs saerTaSoriso movlenis Sesaxeb in-formaciis mopovebas da adgilobrivi magaliTebisa da wy-aroebis moZiebas ambis mosayolad. es meTodi saSualebas aZlevs Jurnalists, mkiTxvelisaTvis ufro relevanturi gaxados saerTaSoriso movlena.

globaluri ambebis lokalizeba SesaZlebeli iqneba, Tu gaecema pasuxi Semdeg kiTxvebs:

• vin zaraldeba am ambiT adgilobriv gaerTianeba-Si? globaluri kompania Tu daixura, rogor zemo-qmedebas iqoniebs es adgilobriv distributore-bze? navTobis warmoeba Tu moiSala, ra gavlenas moaxdens es ambavi navTobis fasebze Tqvens qveya-nasa Tu qalaqSi?

• ra adamianuri zemoqmedeba an universaluri huma-nuri interesi SeiZleba iqonios am ambavma?

• arian Tu ara lokaluri eqspertebi, mag., universi-tetebsa da kvleviT dawesebulebebSi, romelTaga-nac SegiZliaT aiRoT interviu globalur sakiT-xebze?

arCevanis Tavisufleba

zogadi TvalsazrisiT, cifrebi da teqnikuri termine-bi, romelTac didi mniSvneloba eniWebaT ekonomikur Tu biznesistoriebSi, gamaRizianebel faqtorad iqce-vian xolme samizne auditoriisaTvis, rodesac statia am terminebiTa da ricxvebiT zedmetad aris gadatvirTuli.

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amitom, werisas warmoidgine, rom uSualod viRacis gver-diT zixar da esaubrebi. gamoiyene martivi ena da mokle magaliTebi, Tavi aaride kliSeebsa da Jargons. saqmes iu-moriT miudeqi, Tuki amis SesaZlebloba mogecema, Tumca iumori qarafSutobaSi ar unda gadaizardos.

vizualurad warmoidgine da ricxvebi mkiTx ve-lisaTvis gasagebi gaxade

ricxvebi sasicocxlod mniSvnelovani elementebia nebis-mieri biznesistoriisaTvis, magram maTi mkafiod da mar-tivad warmoCena arsebiTia. warmoidgineT, rom amoiRo ramdenime ricxvi da cxrilad, sqemad an grafikad aqcioT isini ise, rom arc informacia dazaraldes da ambavic sainteresod warimarTos.

arCevani SeaCereT saukeTeso suraTebsa da SeTavazebe-bze, mokle teqstebsa Tu rukebze, romlebic dagexmare-bian teqstis ganmartebasa da ilustrirebaSi xarisxiani sqemisa da diagramebis wyalobiT.

wereT kompaqturad

araferia grZel, uRimRamo statiaze uaresi. ambavi, ro-melSiac metimetad bevri magaliTia, iseve rogorc grZe-li citata, moTminebas akargvinebs mkiTxvels. gamoiyene mxolod yvelaze mniSvnelovani masala, yvelaze metyve-li detalebi, saukeTeso citatebi da umniSvnelovanesi ricxvebi. nu daTrgunavT mkiTxvels. daisaxeT mizani da SeudeqiT saqmes. gamoiyeneT feri, cotaodeni konteqsti da foni, rac dagexmareba ambis gaSuqebaSi.

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warmogidgenT ramdenime sakvanZo kiTxvas, rac gamogadgebaT biznesistoriis werisas

• miekuTvneba Tu ara wyaroebs Sexedulebebi da infor-maciis winaaRmdegobis Semcveli monakveTebi?

• ramden wyaros efuZneba informacia? yoveli ambavi gansxvavebulia, magram, zogadad, 500-sityviani amba-vi unda efuZnebodes 3-5 wyaros, 1000-sityviani – 5-7 wya ros, xolo kvleviTi informaciis Semcveli ambavi – 10-ze met wyaros.

• aris Tu ara daculi wonasworoba naambobSi? war-modgenilia Tu ara ambis yvela mxare?

• meordeba Tu ara wyaroebSi daculi informacia? moi-Zieba Tu ara naambobSi iseTi informacia, romelic, amoRebis SemTxvevaSi, ar Seasustebs ambis STambeWdao-bas?

• aris Tu ara adamianuri elementi naambobSi? ganmar-tavs Tu ara naambobi, rogor zemoqmedebs biznesisto-ria xalxze, gansakuTrebiT ki momxmareblebze?

• Seicavs Tu ara naambobi im adamianebis pirdapir ci-tirebas, visganac interviu aiRes ambis SesaTxzvelad? an aris Tu ara ambavi gadatvirTuli ricxvebiT da te-qnikuri informaciiT?

• ganmartavs Tu ara naambobi biznesisa da ekonomikis teqnikur terminebs advilad gasagebi eniT? aris Tu ara Jargoni ugulebelyofili?

• pasuxobs Tu ara monaTxrobi ambavi 5W da 1H SekiTxvas? pasuxobs Tu ara kiTxvas „ramdeni“?

• gamoyenebulia Tu ara TxrobaSi statistika, gasamr-jelos odenobis gamomsaxveli da sxva aucilebeli ricxvebi?

• aqvs Tu ara azri am ricxvebis gamoyenebas da ganmarte-bulia Tu ara isini gasagebad? magaliTad, rodesac

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vlaparakobT did an patara ricxvebze, cxadia Tu ara, rasTan SedarebiT ganisazRvreba maTi sidide-simcire?

• Tu naambobSi naxsenebia kompania, gasagebad aris gan-martebuli Tu ara, romel kompaniazea laparaki da ras awarmoebs igi?

• mocemulia Tu ara konteqsti naambobSi? naxsenebia Tu ara bazris moculoba da misi konkurentebi? magali-Tad, Tu ambavi Seexeba saaviacio xazis mier gamarTul axal reiss, naxsenebia Tu ara sxva aviaxazebis axali reisebi, reisebis fasebi da saaviacio mrewvelobis sruli moculoba am qveyanasa Tu regionSi?

• aris Tu ara am statiaSi gamoyenebuli fotoebi, gra-fikebi an diagramebi, romlebic daexmareba mkiTxvelsa Tu mayurebels ambis gagebaSi?

daaxarisxeT es ambebi da gamoiyeneT zemoxsenebuli Ca-monaTvali:

israelis izrairi iwyebs reisebs baqosaken

israelis aviaxazebi da turizmi Seasrulebs reisebs baqoSi, – ganacxada israelis kompaniis generalurma direqtorma iuri sirkisma azerbaijanis kulturisa da turizmis minis-

(warweris gareSe)

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tris moadgilesTan – nazim samadovTan Sexvedraze. reisebi Sesruldeba Tel-avividan baqosaken 2 oqtombridan, kvira-Si samjer, rogorc nawili turistuli mogzaurobisa.

sirkisma da samadovma xazi gausves reisebis mniSvne-lobas turistuli saqmianobis ormxrivi ganviTarebisaT-vis.

Sexvedris dasasruls mxareebi agreTve SeTanxmdnen erTobliv aqtivobaze marketingis sferoSi (https://en.trend.az/business/economy/2800671.html).

Shop In America xsnis axal maRaziebs da aarsebs veb saits

dRes Shop In America-m gaxsna axlad saxelgadarqmeuli Shop In Flagship maRazia Haypost Office 0009-Si.

Haypost-ma aseve Segvatyobina meore ShopIn office-is gaxs-na delavarSi, SeerTebul StatebSi. axla momxmarebels SeuZlia SeukveTos sasurveli nivTi delavaris misa-marTze da gaTavisufldes gadasaxadisagan.

„ShopIn gvTavazobs yvelaze xelmisawvdomi miwodebis tarifs somxeTSi 1 kilogrami tvirTisa, romlis Rire-buleba Seadgens mxolod 5 amerikul dolars, xolo 400 gramade tvirTisa – 2 amerikul dolars“, daadgina kom-paniam.

(warweris gareSe)

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momxmarebels SeuZlia sabaJo gadasaxadi gadaixados Haypost-is nebismier ofisSi somxeTSi. xelmisawvdomia saxlSi mitanis momsaxurebac.

Shopi n-ma aseve daaarsa axleburad da akuratulad ga-marTuli axali vebsaiti, axali statiebiTa da momxmare-belTan megobruli damokidebulebis platformiT.

Haypost-ma saWirod cno imis xseneba, rom amJamad ShopIn-is 30 maRazia moqmedebs somxeTSi (http://www.banks.am/en/news/newsfeed/14373).

Evocabank: axali realoba somxeTis sabanko seq-torSi

dRes Prometey Bank-ma Caatara rebrendingi Meridian Expo Center-Si, sadac bankis mepaie varzgen gevorqianma warmoad-gina bankis axleburi strategia da brendi – Evocabank.

„es rebredingi im teqnologiuri ganviTarebis Sedegia, romlis mowmeebica varT yoveldRiurad. rac SeuZlebeli iyo guSin, dRes realobis nawilia“, – Tqva man.

direqtorTa sabWos Tavmjdomarem – emil soRomo-nianma aRniSna, rom rebrendigis gadawyvetileba miiRes ramdenjerme Catarebuli kvlevisa da gaanalizebis Semdeg. Prometey Bank-ma imsjela rebredingis dadebiT mxareebze, SesaZleblobebsa da gamowvevebze da airCia ganviTarebis

(emil soRomoniani da

varzgen gevorqiani)

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axali gza da xedva; is unda iqces yvelaze inovaciur da progresul komerciul bankad somxeTSi.

airCies axali ideologiis Sesabamisi axali saxeli da logo. saxelwodeba “Evocabank” saTaves iRebs sityva “evo-lution”-is („evolucia“) pirveli nawilidan. misi saxelwo-deba miamsgavses sityvas “evoke” („gaRviZeba“, „grZnobebis gamowveva“). es banki axorcielebs martiv, swraf, inova-ciur momsaxurebas da gamoirCeva uaxlesi sainformacio teqnologiebis aqtiuri moxmarebiT. banki gansakuTrebul yuradRebas miaqcevs mobiluri servisebis ganviTarebas.

Prometey Bank-is, axlandeli Evocabank-is mepaiem – varz-gen gevorqianma xazi gausva imas, rom mobiluri mom-saxurebisken gezis aReba ganpirobebulia Cveni drois moTxovnilebebiT.

„msoflio cifrul teqnologiebze gadadis da Cven unda movemzadoT amisaTvis. Evocabank-is Seqmnis wyalobiT, Cven gadavxedeT mTel Cvens strategias, muSaobis stilsa da biznesis models. Cven veswrafviT tradiciul saban-ko saqmesTan dakavSirebuli stereotipebis dangrevas. Cven vimuSavebT pirveli mobiluris formatiT da axali servisis dagegmvisas gaviTvaliswinebT misi gamoyenebis upiratesobas bankomatis meSveobiT“, Tqva bankis mepaiem.

EvocaTouch aris Evocabank-is ganStoeba. axali funqcie-bis monacvleoba gamoarCevs mas msgavs ganStoebaTa. So-ris. Evocabank-is imijis amsaxvel videoprezentacias daes-wrnen mowveuli stumrebi, bankis klientebi, adgilobrivi da ucxoeli partniorebi, centraluri bankis menejmenti da Tanamdebobis pirebi. prezentacias xelmZRvanelobda iveta mukuCiani.

prezentaciis dros Evocabank-ma gamoacxada pirveli kampania, romelic monawileebs saSualebas aZlevs, moigon dubais sagzuri, romelSiac Sedis jenifer lopesis kon-certze daswreba. kampaniis warmoeba or fazas moicavs:

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1. EvocaTouch-is CamotvirTvas AppStore-dan an Google Play-dan 1 da 31 oqtombers. 2. masterkardis an vizabaraTis SeZe-nas bankomatis meSveobiT. 1 noembers airCeven 75 iRblian klients, latariis gaTamaSebis pirdapiri eTeriT gadmo-cemisas. 16 noembers isini specialuri reisiT gafrinde-bian dubaiSi, estumrebian cnobil saocrebaTa baRs, Burj Khalifa-s Tavze avlen, daeswrebian oficialur wveulebebs msoflios saukeTeso sastumroebSi – Burj Al Arab-sa da Atlan-tis The Palm-Si da jadosnur saRamos gemiT gaiseirneben du-bai marinaSi. kampaniis gamarjvebulebi daeswrebian agre-Tve jenifer lopesis koncerts. ufro metic, TiToeuli paketi gansazRvrulia ori adamianisaTvis.

rebrendigi gulisxmobs moulodnel kenWisyras, rom-lis drosac sami stumari igebs dubaiSi turistul mo-gzaurobas da bileTebs cnobili adamianis koncertze. Evocabank-i muSaobas daiwyebs 1 oqtombers (http://www.banks.am/en/news/fintech/14411).

UAE kompania monawileobas iRebs Aazerbaijanis abSeronis sabados ganviTarebaSi

„UAE’s Topaz Energy-m da Marine-ma moipoves axali kontraq-ti frangul TOTAL kompaniasTan erTad, rac gulisxmobs

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monawileobis miRebas azerbaijanis navTobis sabados gan-viTarebaSi“, ityobineba kompania.

Topaz-i Tavis Ruzian xomalds – Topaz Triumph-s CarTavs TERAB-is saqmianobaSi, raTa erTi WaburRilis kapitalu-ri remontisTvis aRebuli valis procentebi gadauxados abSeronis sabados.

samuSao, winaswari gaangariSebiT, weliwadze metxans gagrZeldeba.

TOTAL E&P Absheron-i (TEPAB) muSaobs JOCAP-is (Joined Operating Company)-is saxeliT Absheron Project-saTvis, rome-lic gaxlavT erToblivi sawarmo azerbaijanis saxelmwi-fo navTobkompania SOCAR-sa (50 procenti) da TOTAL-s (50 procenti) Soris.

„es mniSvnelovani kontraqtia Topaz-isaTvis da CvenT-vis didi pativia is, rom Total-ma da Socar-ma ndoba gamo-gvicxades am mniSvnelovan wamowyebaSi. Cveni werilobiTi angariSi gadawyvetilebis gancxadebis Taobaze, romlis Tanaxmadac, yuradReba maxvildeba usafrTxoebasa da Rirebulebaze, gvexmareba am nominaciis SenarCuneba-Si da Cven mouTmenlad veliT Cveni Tanamimdevruli da msoflio klasis servisis miwodebas abSeronis sabados ganviTrebis mizniT“, Tqva Rene Kofod-Olsen-ma, CEO, Topaz Energy and Marine.

ufro adre, azerbaijanis saxelmwifos navTobkompaniam SOCAR-ma da Total-ma xeli moaweres CarCo-xelSekrule-bas mTavar saxelSekrulebo da komerciul principebze dayrdnobiT, rac aregulirebda abSeronis sabados gan-viTarebis pirveli fazis programas.

sabados ganviTarebis pirveli faza iTvaliswinebs erTi WaburRilis gaburRvas zRvis donidan 450 metris siRrmeSi. produqcia miaRwevs 1.5 miliardi kuburi me-tri gazis niSnuls weliwadSi da moculobas gamoiyeneben

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Aazerbaijanis Sida bazarze. 2019 wels dagegmilia sabado-dan amoRebuli pirveli gazis warmoeba.

Total-i aRiarebs abSeronis saboloo kapitaldabandebis gadawyvetilebas 2017 wlis bolos da pirveli WaburRi-lic am dros gaiTxreba. pirveli fazis miaxloebiTi fasia 1 miliardi dolari.

Socar-is geologebis gaangariSebis Tanaxmad, abSero-nis rezervebi gazis 350 miliard kubur metrs da 45 mi-lion tona kondensats Seadgens (https://en.trend.az/business/energy/2800529.html).

navTobis grZelvadiani gamomuSavebis zrda CEE-Si damokidebulia sam qveyanaze

navTobis warmoebis grZelvadiani zrda centralur da aRmosavleT evropis regionSi damokidebulia azerbai-janze, ruseTsa da yazaxeTze (Tanaxmad Fitch jgufisa).

CEE moicavs albaneTs, azerbaijans, belaruss, bul-gareTs, xorvatias, CexeTis respublikas, estoneTs, sa-qarTvelos, ungreTs, yazaxeTs, latvias, litvas, polo-neTs, rumineTs, ruseTs, serbeTs, slovakeTs, slovenias, TurqeTs, TurqmeneTs, ukrainasa da uzbekeTs.

`CEE navTobwarmoeba gaizrdeba 2017, 2018 da 2019 wle-bSi, rasac did winaaRmdegobas gauwevs ruseTisa da ya-

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zaxeTis navTobmwarmoebeli eleqtrosadgurebi – miuxe-davad maTi CarTulobisa OPEC/ara-OPEC-is mier warmoe-buli navTobis SezRudvis xelSekrulebaSi~, gveubnebian BMI kvlevis analitikosebi.

kompaniis prognozis Tanaxmad, CEE awarmoebs 15.14 mi-lion b/d-s 2017-Si, rac 50.000 b/d-mde gaizrdeba 2018-Si, umTavresad Kashagan-is zrdis xarjze yazaxeTSi; 100.000 b/d-mde 2019-Si, ruseTidan, yazaxeTidan da Sahdenizidan kondensatis mowodebiT azerbaijanSi.

„am bolo dros vvaraudobT warmoebis Sesustebas 2020 wlidan. didi navTobmwarmoeblebis umetesoba yuradRe-bas gaamaxvilebs warmoebis donis SenarCunebaze. ruseTis axleburi ganviTareba daemuqreba eqsports CineTSi, ro-melic daabalansebs warmoebis Semcirebas ganviTarebul regionebSi. Sevronis Tengizis sabados eqspansia 2022 wli-dan gaaWianurebs produqtiul periods yazaxeTis udides navTobsabadoze, maSin rodesac BP-is mier ACG (Azeri- Chirag-Gunashli) licenzia azerbaijanSi daastabilurebs grZel vadian mwarmoeblurobas“, naTqvamia angariSSi.

ratom daiwyo kievma saubari ruseTidan gazmoma-ragebis ganaxlebaze?

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navTogazi erovnuli navTobisa da gazis kompaniaa ukrai-naSi. is eqvemdebareba mTavrobas. kompania dakavebulia bunebrivi gazisa da nedli navTobis amoRebiT, transpor-tirebiTa da gadamuSavebiT.

ukraineli energoeqspertebs afrTxobT is Tvalsazri-si, rom 2030 wlisaTvis ukraina kvlav Semoitans gazs ruseTidan. navTogazis komerciuli direqtori – iuri vitrenko ambobs, rom arsebobs riski, „yvelaferi norma-lur kalapots daubrundes“ da ukrainam kvlav „ruseTi-saken qnas piri bunebrivi gazmomaragebisa da navTobisaT-vis“. misi azriT, qveyana aviTardebs „Zalze negatiur mi-marTulebebs“ da miuTiTebs „oligarqiuli sistemisaken“ mibrunebaze. winaT navTogazis komerciuli direqtori uZluri iyo, gamoericxa SesaZlebloba ruseTis gazis yidvisa „kritikul viTarebaSi“.

„es calke sakiTxia, amas CavidenT Tu ara, magram kri-ti kul viTarebaSi SegviZlia gazi ruseTidan Semovita-noT“, Tqva vitrenkom.

misi azriT, kievs SeuZlia miiRos ruseTis gazis tran-zitis garantia ukrainis teritoriis gavliT. gaixseneT, ramdenime dRiT adre gazpromis Tavmjdomarem – aleqsei milerma ganacxada, rom 2019 wlisaTvis kompania ukrai-nis gavliT gazis tranzitis moculobas weliwadSi 19 miliardi kuburi metriT Sekvecda. SedarebisaTvis: 2016 wels evropas miewoda 80 miliardi kuburi metri gazi ukrainis gazis miwodebis sistemis saSualebiT. satranzi-to arxebis diversifikaciisaTvis gazpromi axorcielebs proeqts „Turquli nakadi“ da „nord nakadi-2“. eqsperte-bis sityvebiT, alternatiuli gazis marSrutebis Seqmna dakavSirebulia ara marto moskovsa da kievs Soris da-Zabul urTierTobasTan, aramed ukrainuli gazis trans-portirebis sistemis gauaresebasTanac (http://georgiatoday.ge/news/7659/Why-Kyiv-Started-Talking-about-Resuming-Gas-Supplies-from-Russia).

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Tierras de Armenia gvTavazobs axali umaRlesi fa-sis somxur Rvinos

kompaniis TvalsazrisiT, Rvinis warmoebis 6200-wlianma tradiciam, klimatis Taviseburebam da 21-e saukunis te-qnologiebma SeaZlebina maT, SeeqmnaT Grand Karas 2013-is nazavi.

„es Rvino male daikavebs Tavis adgils msoflios saukeTeso nazavebs Soris da Rvinis moyvarulTa kole-qciaSi. esoden maRali xarisxis somxuri Rvinis warmoeba xels Seuwyobs somxuri Rvinis cnobadobis gazrdas ba-zris am seqtorSi“, aRiniSna Tierras de Armenia-Si.

Karas Juliana Del Aguila-Eurnekian-is direqtoris sity vebs Tu virwmunebT, Gran Karas-i 500 kacis Tavgadakluli Sro-mis Sedegia. man gamoTqva rwmena, rom Gran Karas-is wyalo-biT saqmis mcodne da Rvinis didad moyvaruli bevri ada-

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miani male Seityobs somxuri Rvinis istorias da somxeTi sul male daimkvidrebs adgils msoflios Rvinis rukebze.

„dRes bednieri varT imiT, rom SegviZlia warvadginoT Cveni axali Rvino, romelic saeqsportod unda gavitanoT mTel msoflioSi da Cveni istoria msoflios gavacnoT. Rvino, romelsac dRes warvadgenT, Cveni aTwliani Sro-mis Sedegia. am RviniT vapirebT axali furclis gadaSlas somxuri Rvinis warmoebis saqmeSi. is aseve produqtia 500 kacis Zalze mZime Sromisa da Cven madlierni var TiToeu-li maTganisa maTi Tavdadebuli SromisaTvis“, xazgasmiT ganacxada Juliana Del Aguila-Eurnekian-ma.

Tierras de Armenia-m aRniSna, rom Gran Karas-2013 gamova Zalze SezRuduli raodenobiT (http://www.banks.am/en/news/newsfeed/14400).

profesionalebi gaerTianebuli samefodan ikvle-ven qarTul Rvinos

qarTuli RviniT dainteresebuli Jurnalistebis jgufi, romelTac xelmZRvanelobda Rvinis britaneli specia-listi sara aboti, saqarTvelos ewvia qarTuli Rvinisa da misi tradiciuli warmoebis Sesaswavlad.

Rvinis gzaze mogzaurobisas gaerTianebuli samefos profesionalebma gamoikvlies Rvinis sardafebi da Rvi-nis mwarmoebeli kompaniebi kaxeTis regionSi.

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saqarTvelos nacionaluri saagento (NWA) gvamcnobs, rom mogzaurobis dawyebamde aboti Sexvda qarTuli Rvi-nis kompaniebis warmomadgenlebs TbilisSi. Rvinis eqs-perti esaubra maT fasebis politikaze, RvinisaTvis iar-liyebis mikvrasa da xarisxianobaze, gamomdinare bazarze qarTuli Rvinis ganviTarebis waxalisebidan.

Ggiorgi samaniSvils, NWA-is Tavmjdomares, sjera, rom, qarTvel Rvinis mwarmoeblebTan Tanmimdevruli da efeqtiani TanamSromlobis safuZvelze, qarTuli Rvino SeiZens progresul saeqsporto tendencias.

„es viziti gansakuTrebulia, vinaidan gaerTianebuli samefos bazari mniSvnelovania qarTuli Rvinis eqspor-tisaTvis. am bazris aTviseba prioritetulia qarTuli RvinisaTvis. vizitis Semdeg stumrebi daweren qarTuli Rvinis kulturis Sesaxeb da SemdgomSiac xels Seuwyoben misi cnobadobis gazrdas gaerTianebul samefoSi“, dasZi-na man.

Rvinis gzaze mogzaurobas organizeba gauwia NWA-m, romelmac airCia adgilobrivi marketinguli kompania; mas saTaveSi udgas Rvinis eqsperti sara aboti “Swirl Wine Group”-dan.

„marTlac fantastikuri da amaRelvebeli stumroba gvqonda. gvsurda warmogveCina qarTuli Rvinis yoveli aspeqti; ganviTareba, arsebuli da potenciuri“, ganacxa-da abotma.

„aseve msurda meCvenebina namdvili mravalferovneba da SemesunTqa qarTuli Rvinis energia, rac, Cemi azriT, erT-erT yvelaze aRmafrTovanebel Rvinos aZlevs da-sabams msoflioSi“, dasZina man.

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prognozi Seicvala uaresobisken, magram myari turizmi da eqsporti xels uwyobs zrdas

ISET-PI-m gamoTvala saqarT-velos realuri GDP-is zrdis maCvenebeli 2017 wlis mesame kvartlisaTvis. warmogidgenT am Tvis maCveneblebs:

• Geostat-ma gaiangariSa saqarTvelos namdvili GDP-is zrdis tempi 2017 wlis mesame kvartlisaTvis. warmo-gidgenT am Tvis monacemebs:

• Geostat-ma amas winaT gamoaqveyna ekonomikuri zrdis miseuli saxeldaxelo monacemebi 2017 wlis meore kvartlisaTvis, romlebic amJamad gayinulia 4%-ze. amis Sedegad, zrdis namdvilma monacemebma 2017 wlis pirveli naxevrisaTvis miaRwia 4.5%-s.

• ISET-PI-is monacemebi GDP-is realurad zrdis Taobaze 2017 wlis mesame kvartlisaTvis daeca 5.3%-mde.

• ivnisis monacemebze dayrdnobiT, uares SemTxvevaSi veliT 5.0%-ian an „aranairi zrdis“ scenars 2017-Si, xolo 5.3%-ian zrdas ukeTes SemTxvevaSi an „Cveule-brivi grZelvadiani zrdis“ scenars. wliuri zrdis tempis prognozireba daviwyeT 2014 wlis damdegs (ix. 2014 wlis ianvar-Tebervlis publikaciebi). yovelwliu-ri prognozirebis sizuste mniSvnelovnad umjobesde-ba meore kvartlis monacemebis Semosvlis Semdeg.

zrda 2017 wlis meore kvartalSi: sakmaod kargi, ma-gram mosalodnelze naklebi

bolodroindeli gamoSvebis Tanaxmad, zrdis oficia-luri Sefaseba, dafuZnebuli VAT gadasaxadebis gadamx-delTa saqonelbrunvis monacemebze, amJamad gaCerebulia 4%-ze. oficialuri Sefaseba aris 1.8 procentuli wer-

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tili ISET-PI-is prognozis qvemoT. prognozirebisas daS-vebuli Secdomebi ganpirobebulia zrdis moulodnelad neli tempiT aprilis TveSi (mxolod 2.1%), ramac mniSv-nelovnad daagdo kvartaluri zrdis tempi. xelisufleba cdilobs miaRwios 4%-ian yovelwliur zrdas, Tumca Q2 kvlavac imaze naklebia, vidre Tavidan iyo mosalodne-li prognozze dayrdnobiT. aqedan gamomdinare, Q3 pro-gnozma saxe icvala da 5.3%-mde daeSva. sxva faqtorebi, romlebic gavlenas axdenen ISET-PI-is prognozis model-ze, kvlavac mniSvnelovan stabilurobas inarCuneben.

asea Tu ise, erTi muWa cvladi sidideebi warmoaCe-nen mniSvnelovan da yovelwliur cvlilebebs. kerZod, gazrdilma fulis maragma, gaumjobesebulma sazRvarga-reTuli seqtoris statistikam, gajansaRebulma biznesma da momxmareblis ndobam dadebiTi zemoqmedeba iqonia Q3 prognozze, maSin rodesac maRali xarisxis inflacia ne-gatiurad zemoqmedebs daanonsebul zrdaze.

saqarTvelos mTliani Sida produqtis (GDP) zrdis realuri maCvenebeli (wlidan wlamde)

wliuri

wliuri

wliuri

wliuri

wliuri

prognozi 2017-is Q3-Tvis (me-3 ganaxlebuli versia)GDP-is kvartaluri zrdis realuri maCvenebeli (wlidan wlamde)GDP-is zrdis wliuri maCvenebeli

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pirveli wyeba cvladi sidideebisa, romelsac mniSvne-lovnad pozitiuri zemoqmedeba hqonda Cvens prognozze, dakavSirebulia mimoqcevaSi arsebul fulis masasTan. sa-qarTvelos erovnulma bankma, romelic valutis kursze gazrdili wnexis pirispir darCa, SeiZina 70 milioni do-lari, romelic utoldeboda ucxouri valutis rezer-vebs oTx gankerZoebul auqcionze. mTlianobaSi, mTeli fuladi agregatebi TiTqmis 15%-T gaizarda wina wlis imave TvesTan SedarebiT. kerZod, udidesi M3 da M2 agregatebi gaizarda 17%-iTa da 14%-iT, maSin rodesac yvelaze Tavisufali, mimoqcevaSi arsebuli fuli 16%-iT gaizarda wlebis ganmavlobaSi. ekonomikuri Teoriis Tanaxmad, gazrdili fulis maragi biZgs aZlevs biznesis gafarToebasa da, momxmareblis mxriv, xarjvas, rasac agregatis saWiroebamde mivyavarT.

kidev erTi wyeba cvladi sidideebisa, romelsac mniSv-nelovani pozitiuri zemoqmedeba aqvs GDP-is mosalo-dnel zrdaze, dakavSirebuli iyo sazRvargareTul seq-torTan. ivnisSi eqsporti gaizarda 37.4%-iT weliwadSi (zaralis nawils umTavresad anazRaurebda spilenZisa da koncentratebis xelaxali eqsporti), importi ki Tanmi-mdevrulad Semcirda weliwadSi 0.03%-iT. amis Sedegad sufTa eqsporti (savaWro balansi) gaumjobesda 13.3%-iT. mTlia nobaSi, savaWro deficitis Semcirebam mniSvnelo-vani pozitiuri wvlili Seitana GDP-is realuri zrdis prognozirebis saqmeSi.

fulis gadaricxva da turizmi, pirdapir ucxour investirebasTan (FDI) erTad, warmoadgens saqarTveloSi Semosuli ucxouri fondebis mTavar wyaros. ivnisSi ga-daricxvebi 17.1%-iT gaizarda wina wlis imave TvesTan SedarebiT. kidev erTxel gavimeoreb, rom am zrdaSi, um-Tavresad, wvlili miuZRvis israelsa da ruseTs. vizi-

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torebis raodenobas Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, saqarTveloSi aRiniSna 28.5%-iani yovelwliuri zrda. ufro metic, tu-rizmi, wliuri gaangariSebiT, gaizarda 43%-iT. ramdena-dac saqarTvelo im qveynebs Soris iracxeba, romelSiac gadaricxvebi da turizmidan Semosuli mogeba qveynis Semosavlis mniSvnelovan nawils warmoadgens, maTi zrda pozitiurad zemoqmedebs GDP-is realur zrdaze.

biznesis gajansaRebam da momxmareblis ndobam, sxva dadebiT faqtorebTan erTad, mniSvnelovani wvlili Sei-tana GDP-is zrdis saimedoobaSi. qarTuli biznesis san-doobis maCvenebeli (BCI), romelic barometria qveyana-Si biznesisadmi damokidebulebisa, metyvelebs biznesis gajansaRebaze 2017 wlis pirvel sam kvartalSi. aRsaniS-navia, rom biznesis warmoeba wels bevrad meti optimiz-mis safuZvels iZleva bolo wlebTan SedarebiT. amasTan erTad, isic unda aRiniSnos, rom momxmareblis ndobis maCvenebeli (CCI) garkveul gajansaRebaze metyvelebs. magaliTad, ivnisSi komerciuli bankebisadmi momxmare-blis srulma ndobam imata 30%-ze metad wina wlis imave TvesTan SedarebiT. momxmareblis ndobis xarisxi is mniSv-nelovani faqtoria, romelic gansazRvravs momxmareblis mzadyofnas fulis dasaxarjad, sesxis asaRebad da fu-lis dasazogad. momxmareblis ndobis maRali xarisxi biZgs aZlevs xarjvisadmi midrekilebas, rasac mivyavarT ufro qmediTi xarjvisaken da zrda-ganviTarebisaTvis gaumjobesebuli garemosaken.

ivnisSi 6 Tve iyo gasuli mas Semdeg, rac saqarTvelos xelisuflebam gazarda saaqcizo gadasaxadi mravalgvar samrewvelo saqonelze. amis Sedegad inflaciis wliurma tempma imata da miaRwia 7.1%-s (umaRles niSnuls bolo sami wlis ganmavlobaSi). ufro metic, inflaciam impor-tirebul saqonelze miaRwia kidev ufro maRal dones

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– 9.8%-s. amasobaSi sabaziso inflaciis maCvenebeli (ro-melic gamoricxavs sawvavisa da sakvebis fasebs) saerTo inflaciaze dabali iyo da utoldeboda 4.5%-s. saaqcizo gadasaxadis zrda droebiTi movlenaa da erTjeradi ze-moqmedeba aqvs fasebis doneze (savaraudod, wlis bolo-saTvis es zemoqmedeba aRar iqneba SesamCnevi). da mainc, Cveni gaTvliT, inflaciis tempis zrda uaryofiTad moq-medebs GDP-is momaval zrdaze.

Cveni prognozi dafuZnebulia wamyvani ekonomikis in-dikatoris (LEI) meTodologiaze, romelic gamoimuSava moskovis ekonomikurma skolam ruseTSi. Cven SevimuSaveT qarTuli ekonomikis dinamikuri modeli, romlis Tanax-madac, ekonomikis yvela cvlad sidides, romelSic igu-lisxmeba Tavad GDP, biZgs aZlevs sul ramdenime faqtori, romelTa monacemebidan amoRebac savsebiT SesaZlebelia GDP-is zrdis ganmsazRvreli monacemebis gamoqveynebamde karga xniT adre. ISET-PI-is yovel kvartalSi acxadebs xuT yovelTviur momdevno prognozs (an marTavs „rTvels“), romlis sizuste matulobas droTa ganmavlobaSi. Cvens pirvel prognozs (pirvel „rTvels“) SegiZliaT gaecnoT gansaxilveli kvartlis dasrulebamde daaxloebiT xuTi TviT adre. bolo prognozis (mexuTe „rTvelis“) monace-mebi qveyndeba Semdegi kvartlis pirvel TveSi (http://geor-giatoday.ge/news/7530/Q3-Forecast-Revised-Downward%2C-but-Strong-Tourism-%26-Export-Performance-Set-to-Boost-Growth).

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Tavi VI. eqspertebisagan aRebuli interviuebi

interviu aTasgvari mizezis gamo JurnalistebisaTvis mTavar wyaros warmoadgens. pirdapiri citireba statia-Si an eTerSi gaJRerebuli namdvili xmebi Tu ekranu-li saxeebi met damajereblobas aniWebs naambobs. es is samxilebia, romlebic mowmobs, rom Tqven Tavi gaarTviT saqmes da damajerebeli wyaroebi gamoiyeneT im sakiTxTan mimarTebiT, romelsac exebiT. kargi interviuebi da ci-tatebi zrdis Tqveni, rogorc Jurnalistis, sandoobas, radgan is aCvenebs mkiTxvels, rom Tqven didi dro moan-domeT sando wyaroebSi moZiebul masalaSi garkvevas da axla SegiZliaT, maTac yvelaferi ganumartoT. garda ami-sa, interviu gamomsaxvelobasa da STambeWdaobas aniWebs finansur dokumentebs, romlebic SesaZloa mSralad da momabezreblad ikiTxebodes.

eqspertebis moZieba da interviusaTvis partniorebis SerCeva

pirvel yovlisa, unda icodeT, sad moiZioT eqspertebi eqspertebi SeiZleba iyvnen biznesis administratorebi, universitetis profesorebi, biznesis analitikosebi, me-nejerebi, samTavrobo Tanamdebobis pirebi da nebismieri adamiani, romelic ikvlevs samrewvelo saqmianobas da da-saqmebulia mrewvelobis im dargSi, romelzec Tqven werT.

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Tqvens kolegebsac xelewifebaT daxmarebis gaweva. mdivnebsa da sazogadoebriv urTierTobebSi dasaqmebul pirebsac SeuZliaT kargi rCevis mocema. universitetis sacnobaro wignebSi SegiZliaT moiZioT fakultetis we-vrebis nusxa da maTi kompetenciis sfero. saerTaSoriso organizaciebis onlainsaitebze xSirad aris warmodge-nili eqspertebisa da mediakontaqtebis nusxa sxvadasxva dargSi, fiskaluri politikidan safondo birJamde.

intervius warmateba-warumatebloba didwilad da-mokidebulia kargi interviusaTvis partnioris SerCevaze. bevri ram aris gasaTvaliswinebeli imis gadasawyvetad, Tu visgan unda aiRoT interviu: maTi kompetenturoba, maTi unari sakiTxis martivad axsnisa, maTi pozicia da Sexedulebani im sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, romelsac in-terviu Seexeba.

amas isic davZinoT, rom, Tu Tqven radio- an telesad-gurze muSaobT, saWiroa icodeT ara marto is, SeZ lebs Tu ara Tqven mier SerCeuli piri intervius mocemas, aramed isic, moisurvebs Tu ara igi radioSi gamosvlas an teleintervius micemas. ajobebs, winaswar daadginoT, morcxvia Tu mSvidi Tqveni interviusaTvis SerCeul partniori, Tu bevri laparaki sCvevia intervius dros.

ndobis mopoveba

zogjer Znelia eqspertebis ndobis mopoveba. magaliTad, zogierTi mecnieri SeiZleba fiqrobdes, rom Jurna-listebi „yovelTvis raRacas amaxinjeben“, an yvelafers zedmetad amartiveben, an verafers gaugeben maTs deta-lur kvlevebs. marTalia, mecnierebi didi xania kvleviT saqmianobaSi arian CarTuli da, sanam pasuxs gagcemen, Cveulebriv, frTxiloben. isic marTalia, rom isini xSi-

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rad Cqaroben, mudam pasuxis ZiebaSi arian da cdiloben, mkiTxvels ambavi gaumartivon.

aseTi daZabuloba bunebrivia, magram misi daZleva Se-saZlebelia. moTminebiTa da SromiT, Jurnalistebi SeZle-ben moipovon eqspertTa ndoba. pirveli nabijia interviu-saTvis momzadeba. sakiTxs saTanadod Tu ar SeiswavliT, wyaro maSinve SeamCnevs. SeadgineT yvelaze mniSvnelo-vani kiTxvebis nusxa. SeiswavleT sakiTxi, romelsac ga-nixilavT. intervius asaRebad misuls, nu gegonebaT, rom wyarosagan intervius aRebisas moifiqrebT, raze unda ilaparakoT. dros nu dakargavT umniSvnelo sakiTxebze, romlebzec pasuxis gacemas SeZlebT, masalas Tu moiZi-ebT internetSi, biblioTekasa Tu sadme sxvagan.

rodesac intervius iRebT biznesSi dasaqmebuli xalxi-sagan, icodeT, rom isini Zalze dakavebuli arian da dros ver dakargaven iseT zogad kiTxvebze pasuxis gasacemad, rogoricaa „ras awarmoebs Tqveni kompania?“ Tqven ukve momzadebuli unda gqondeT „saSinao davaleba“ da unda icodeT, ras awarmoebs kompania, ramdeni xania, CarTulia biznesSi da sxva nebismieri sabaziso informacia.

Jurnalisti, romelic amzadebs „saSinao davalebas“, karg STabeWdilebas tovebs. Tuki Jurnalisti saxels moixveWs sazogadoebisaTvis zusti da detalebze yu-radRebagamaxvilebuli informaciis miwodebiT, kari gaiReba: sxva eqspertebi ufro moindomeben misTvis in-tervius micemas.

magram aris kidev erTi problema. zogierT eqsperts, politikuri komentatorebis CaTvliT, uyvarT TavianTi saxelis gazeTSi naxva da Jurnalistebs Zalian exmare-bian. isini awvdian maT saintereso citatebs, romlebic axaliseben ambavs; ase rom, Jurnalistebi waramara iRe-ben maTgan intervius. Tumca erTsa da imave wyaroze me-

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tismetad dayrdnobas erTi nakli aqvs. xSirad iCens Tavs erTnairi azrebis gameoreba da maTdami mikerZoebuli da-mokidebuleba, maSin rodesac sxva – zogjer ufro sain-tereso Tvalsazrisi da axsna-ganmarteba – uyuradRebod rCeba. nu izarmacebT. eZebeT axali eqspertebi.

gamowveva

eqspertebisagan intervius aRebisas yvelaze rTuli is aris, rom Znelia maTi Jargonisa da im CaxlarTuli procesebisa Tu procedurebis gageba, maTi yoveldRiuri samuSaos nawils rom warmoadgens. am SemTxvevaSi daixso-meT da morCilebiT miiReT jorj eliotis fraza: „ume-creba aTasnairi varaudis saSualebas iZleva“. nu moge-ridebaT, iTxovoT teqnikuri sakiTxebis, analogiebisa da Sedarebebis ganmarteba, rac dagexmarebaT saqmis viTare-baSi gasarkvevad.

eqspertebis umetesobas siamovnebs axsna-ganmartebis micema. gacilebiT uaresia Tavis moCveneba, rom raRac iciT, rodesac sinamdvileSi ar iciT, mere ki am Secdome-bis auditoriisaTvis miwodeba.

Tavisuflad gaimeoreT an SeajameT, rac SeiswavleT da mieciT saSualeba eqsperts, SegisworoT, Tu rame ver gaigeT. „neba miboZeT, davwmunde, rom es sakiTxi sworad gaviazre. Tqven brZaneT, rom...“ es dagarwmunebT Tqveni informaciis sisworeSi da, SesaZloa, eqspertma es sa-kiTxi ufro ganavrcos da ufro STambeWdavad agixsnaT.

sTxoveT mas, moimaragos fotoebi, dokumentebi, videoebi da sxva saSualebebi imis ukeT warmosaCenad, razec saubrobs. hkiTxeT, Tu SeuZlia gaTxovoT da maTi asli gadaiRoT.

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intervius dasrulebamde hkiTxeT, SegiZliaT Tu ara kidev daurekoT axsna-ganmartebis misaRebad, rodesac SeudgebiT am sakiTxze weras. hkiTxeT, girCevT Tu ara sxva wyaroebis gamoyenebas. monaTesave dargebis specia-listebi, rogorc wesi, erTmaneTs icnoben da sxva spe-cialists SeuZlia daadasturos, rom Tqven Caxeduli brZandebiT am procesSi.

SeiswavleT maTi kvalifikacia da midrekilebebi

am saqmeSi arsebobs Zveli gamonaTqvami, Tqvenc iseTi xarT, rogoric Tqveni wyaroebiao. SeecadeT, daadginoT, vin gamodgeba am sakiTxze komentaris gasakeTeblad. sad Seiswavla man sagani – magistraturaSi? aqvs ki 20-wliani gamocdileba? gamoqveynebuli aqvs Tu ara sagazeTo sta-tiebi da eswreba Tu ara globalur konferenciebs? vin warmoadgens Tqveni masalisaTvis saukeTeso wyaros?

Tumca mudam gaxsovdeT, rom mniSvnelovania sxva-dasxvagvari wyarosa da im eqspertebis tendenciebis ga-Tvaliswineba, romlebisganac konsultacias iRebT, iseve rogorc im informaciis awon-dawona, romlebic am ten-denciebiT ikvebeba.

zogi ar malavs Tavis dRis wesrigs da SesaZloa, gar-kveuli mizniT, daufaravi advokatobac gaswios an iseTi Tvalsazrisi gamoTqvas, yvelasaTvis cnobili da dasa-buTebuli rom gaxlavT. es kargia, magram ganumarteT es mkiTxvelebs da SeecadeT, warmoadginoT sapirispiro Tvalsazrisic.

eqspertebTan dakavSirebiT SesaZloa sakiTxi arc ise cxadad warmoCindes. zogi kerZo kompaniebTan TanamS-romlobs da albaT cdilobs, wminda mogebas gauwios po-pularizacia. samoqalaqo seqtorSi dasaqmebulni poli-

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tikuri partiebis dRis wesrigs areklameben, maSin rode-sac zogierT akademiur kvlevas korporaciebi da mrewve-loba afinansebs. magaliTad, kvlevam, romelic American Journal of Public Health-ma (Jan. 2006) gamoaqveyna, amxila Tam-baqos mrewvelobis gavlena mecnierebasa da mecnierebze germaniaSi da aRniSna, rom Tambaqos mrewvelobis masSta-bi sagrZnob gavlenas axdens samecniero istebliSmentze germaniaSi. industiram gamoavlina seriozuli mikerZoe-buloba, ramac zemoqmedeba iqonia germaniis mecnierul da sazogadoebriv Tvalsazrisze. mecniereba gayalbda xuTi cnebis gamoyenebis safuZvelze: daTrgunva, dasusteba, yuradRebis gafantva, xelis dafareba da manipulireba. kidev erTma, PL0S Medicin-is mier gamoqveynebulma kvle-vam, gamoavlina, rom mrewvelobis mier dafinansebulma kvlevebma saxeli gautexa kvleviT samuSaoebs, romlebic Seiswavlidnen SaqriT damtkbari sasmelebis moxmarebisa da wonis matebis sakiTxebs.

rodesac mecnierebi aqveyneben statiebs an acxade-ben kvlevis Sedegebs preskonferenciasa Tu interviuSi, SeecadeT daadginoT, rogor dafinansda maTi kvleva. mkiTxvelebs ufleba aqvT, icodnen.

ramdenime zogadi xasiaTis rCeva eqspertebisa da wyaroebisagan intervius asaRebad

moemzadeT – oqros wesi

intervius aRebamde SeZlebisdagvarad CaatareT kvlevi-Ti samuSao gansaxilvel Temaze, raTa Tqvens SekiTxvebSi Candes informirebuloba da azrianoba. gadaxedeT Tqvens wina interviuebze darTul SeniSvnebs im pirTan erTad, visganac apirebT intervius aRebas, iseve rogorc sxva

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interviuebis SeniSvnebs gansaxilvel sakiTxTan mimarTe-biT. gaerkvieT statistikaSi, fasebSi, monacemebsa da gan-saxilvel TemasTan an, SesaZloa, mrewvelobasTan dakav-Sirebul sxva ricxvebSi.

CaatareT saTanado kvleva. araferia imaze Semacbune-beli, rodesac intervius dros respondenti asworebs Tqvens kiTxvebSi dasmul Secdomebs an axerxebs faqtebis gayalbebas, radgan Tqven sakmarisad ver erkveodiT gan-saxilvel sakiTxSi da ver mixvdiT, rogor mogatyuaT da gagacuraT.

daadgineT, ra ar iciT

Tqvens SeniSvnebis rveulSi CamowereT is ricxvebi, sta-tistikuri Tu sainformacio monacemebi, romlebSiac eWvi ar geparebaT da romelTac naklebad endobiT. Tqven mxo-lod maSin SegiZliaT eWvis TvaliT SexedoT oficialur wyaros, Tu kargad icnobT faqtebs. Tu Secdoma mogivaT, axalbedas STabeWdilebas datovebT da oficialuri wya-ro, savaraudod, uars ityvis Semdegi kiTxvebisaTvis pa-suxis gacemaze. Tu ar moemzadebiT, Tqveni oficialuri wyaro Tavgzas agibnevT da mogiwevT naxevarsimarTliT dakmayofileba.

dagegmeT kiTxvebi da moamzadeT strategia

dagegmeT, ra kiTxvebi unda dasvaT an ra sakiTxebze unda imsjeloT. yuradReba gaamaxvileT mxolod erT sakiTxze. nu dasvamT kiTxvebs gverdiT aspeqtebze – sxva SemTxve-vaSi Tqvens respondents sxva sakiTxi gaitacebs da audi-toria (gansakuTrebiT, msmeneli da mayurebeli) daibneva.

Semdegi nabiji – dayaviT Tqveni kiTxvebi sam katego-riad:

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1. kiTxvebi, romlebsac SeiZleba upasuxoT Tqvenive kvlevis safuZvelze internetisa Tu biblioTekis saSualebiT. es aris sabaziso kiTxvebi; mag.: ramde-nia kvartaluri Semosavali an ra produqcias awar-moebs kompania.

2. kiTxvebi, romlebzec pasuxs ver ipoviT da unda dausvaT wyaros. daasaxeleT SesaZlo wyaroebi Ti-Toeuli am SekiTxvisaTvis.

3. kiTxvebi, romlebzec ramdenime pasuxi moZiebuli gaqvT, magram saWiroebs sxva wyaros mier dadas-turebas.

moxazeT intervius mimarTulebis maCvenebeli. Camowe-reT Tqveni yvela SekiTxva. dabolos: gansazRvreT inter-vius wamyvani kiTxva.

intervius dros xSirad nu isargeblebT Tqveni SekiTxvebis nusxiT da mzad iyaviT saubris dros warmoCe-nil niuansebSi CasaRrmaveblad.

intervius aRebisas ufro mniSvnelovania silaRe, vidre yvela kiTxvis dasma.

yuradReba miaqcieT pasuxebs, raTa SeZloT kargi, gamowvlilviTi kiTxvebis dasma. swrafad SeajereT sta-tistika an ricxvebi da daubrundiT pasuxs, Tu Semdegi pasuxi ar Seesatyviseba mas.

CainiSneT interviusTan dakavSirebuli SeniSvnebi da isargebleT am SeniSvnebiT Tqvens interviuSi. biznesi bevr ricxvs itevs da ajobebs, am ricxvebs Tan Tu iqo-niebT, sanam kiTxvebs dasvamT.

gamoiyeneT sxva interviuebSi wamoWrili sakiTxebi kiTxvebis Camosayalibeblad. Tu vinicobaa, analitikos-ma axsena kompaniis mier warmoebuli axali produqcia, hkiTxeT kompaniis warmomadgenels, ras fiqrobs imaze, razec isaubra analitikosma.

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marTeT interviu

intervius dawyebamde gaacaniT respondents ramdenime sakiTxi: ra aris intervius mTavari Tema da raze unda gamaxvildes yuradReba? ramden xans gagrZeldeba igi? Caiweren mas Tu pirdapiri eTeriT gadascemen? rodis ga-daicema interviu? mTlianad gadaicema Tu marto mSral informacias miawvdis mayurebels?

SesaZloa, SiSi mogvgvaros biznesadministraciam, uni-versitetis profesorebma, biznesanalitikosebma, meneje-rebma, saxelmwifo Cinosnebma; ase rom, aseTi mokle inter-vius erT-erTi Rirseba SesaZloa isic iyos, rom Tqven da Tqveni respondenti erTmaneTs gaicnobT. yinuli gatyde-ba da mRelvareba dacxreba. aseve SegiZliaT ivaraudoT, ras gipasuxebs respodenti SekiTxvaze: Soridan mouvlis is am sakiTxs, dawvrilebiT upasuxebs Tu mokled moWris da sakiTxis arsSi gagvarkvevs?

nu miscemT Tqvens respondents im kiTxvebis nusxas, romlebic unda dausvaT intervius dros, Torem dakar-gavT interviuze kontrols. Tu mogTxovT nusxas, Seeca-deT daarwmunoT, rom ar gadauxvevT intervius Temas da ar dausvamT saCoTiro kiTxvebs. SegiZliaT uTxraT Tqvens respondents, rom Tqveni mediakompania winaswar arasodes amxels kiTxvebs. da Tu Tqveni respondenti mainc dai-Jinebs, geqnebaT ori arCevani: SegiZliaT uTxraT, rom SeecdebiT moZebnoT sxva respondenti. aseTi mosalodne-lobis pirispir darCenili respondenti zogjer iRebs ga-dawyvetilebas, rom, bolos da bolos, miscems intervius, radgan Zalian surs, medias amcnos Tavisi Sexedulebebi. Tu ver ipoviT sxva kvalificiur partniors, gaacaniT respondents SekiTxvebis nusxa. ar dagaviwydeT, furclis TavSi daweroT: „ramdenime SesaZlo SekiTxvis CamonaTva-li“, radgan es mogcemT manevrirebis saSualebas da Se-

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gaZlebinebT SecvaloT Tanamimdevroba, gamotovoT zogi maTgani an CaurToT sxva kiTxvebi, Tu intervius dros Seqmnili situacia amas moiTxovs.

mniSvnelovania, kidev erTxel gavimeoroT, rom Tu moemzadebiT, SeZlebT intervius marTvas.

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Tavi VII. rogor CaviniSnoT STambeWdavi SeniSvnebi konferenciis mimdinareobisas

moemzadeT

winaswar gansazRvreT, ris Setyobas eswrafviT konferen-ciaze. sul erTTavad es mizani unda gitrialebdeT Tav-Si konferenciis msvlelobisas – es dagexmarebaT, uari TqvaT umniSvnelo ideebze da moaxdinoT qmediT azrebze fokusireba.

SeagroveT dokumentebi: Tu Tqven viTarebas ganixi-lavT bevr mosaubresTan erTad, winaswar SeiZineT pro-grama da gaecaniT dRis wesrigs. Tu gagimarTlebT, Seeca-deT, intervius dawyebamde adgili miuCinoT ufro mniSv-nelovan respondentebs.

CaniSvna daiwyeT adre, misvlisTanave, rac savsebiT marTebuli iqneba: saWiroa garemos aRweriloba, drois dafiqsireba, samosis aRwera (oficialuri Tu yovel-dRiuri) da a. S. Sexvedra Tu gareT tardeba, CainiSneT, rogori amindia. CaiwereT saxelebi. nebismieri intervius, Sexvedrisa Tu konferenciis dros saWiroa gvar-saxelis sworad Cawera da orjer Semowmeba. ar dagaviwydeT, res-pondents mosTxovoT savizito baraTi, romelzec data-nili iqneba misi monacemebi, profesiuli kvalifikacia da kontraqtis detalebi.

Tu vinme, TqvenTvis ucnobi piri, laparakobs an ra-Racas akeTebs Sexvedris dros, SeecadeT, rac SeiZleba

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male miuaxlovdeT mas da SeityoT misi gvar-saxeli. Tu es SeuZlebelia, hkiTxeT maT, vinc icnobs. Semdeg Seeca-deT telefoniT daukavSirdeT da gamoarTvaT TqvenTis saWiro da saintereso informacia.

yvelafers nu CaiwerT

gaxsovdeT, rom daswreba da yuradRebis gamovlineba Tqvens upiratesobaze metyvelebs. es gulisxmobs aqtiur yuris gdebas, TvalsaCinoebis saSualebebisaTvis Tvalis devnebas da leqciis yuradRebiT mosmenas. sanam Tqven au-dio- da videoCanawerebs akeTebT, es mxolod mcire in-formacia mogawvdiT da namdvil informacias ver Caanacv-lebs. azri ara aqvs mTeli saaTi auditoriaSi jdomas da Canaweris mosmenas, imitom rom metismetad dakavebuli iyaviT raRacebs CaniSvniT an Tqven gverdze mjomi adamia-nis gacnobiTa da ufro saWiro detalebis gagebiTa da ga-daxarSviT. Tqven ara xarT sasamarTlos mdivani, romelic cdilobs yoveli sityvisa Tu movlenis transkribirebas. Tqven mediareportiori xarT, romelic eltvis ambis mniSvnelovani da saintereso arsis moxelTebas. daiwyeT msjeloba imaze, Tu ra aris saintereso da mniSvnelovani imaSi, rac CainiSneT. nu daxarjavT energiasa da qaRalds imis CasaniSnad, rac Tqvenc iciT, rom ar aris saintereso da mniSvnelovani ambis SesaTxzvelad. amaod gakeTebuli SeniSvnebi met dros dagaxarjvinebs mogvianebiT, radgan Sen Seneuli SeniSvnebis miRma eZeb mniSvnelovan informa-cias an STambeWdav citatas.

nu daeyrdnobiT marto teqstze dafuZnebul SeniSv-nebs. raki bevri Cvengani naCvevia kalmistriTa da qaRal-diT CaniSvnis meTods, gansxvavebuloba werasa da metyve-lebaSi imas niSnavs, rom Cven ver daveyrdnobiT mxolod maT. amitom unda gavcdeT Canawerebis gakeTebis meTods.

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unda CavrToT mentaluri ruka, fotoebi (magaliTad, mniSvnelovani slaidebisa) an audioCanaweri. zogierTi aparati, romelic saSualebas gaZlevs, Cawero nairgvari formatiT, moicavs Evernote-s, Springpad-s, FolderBoy-sa da Notepub-s.

gansxvaveba informaciasa da citatebs Soris

rodesac informacias agroveb, uSecdomod unda Caiwe-ro ricxvebi da saxelebi, unda daicva marTlweris wese-bi. magram mosaubris mier zustad naxmari sityvebi arc ise mniSvnelovania, radgan informaciis matarebel cita-tebs, Cveulebriv, ar gaaCniaT STambeWdavad zemoqmedebis Tviseba. yuradReba ufro metad gaamaxvileT faqtebis sworad SerCevaze, vidre im sityvebze, romelTa saSuale-biTac mosaubre maT Sesaxeb gvesaubreba.

rodesac vinme iseT rames ambobs, rac gadmoscems Zlier emocias an Tvalsazriss, an rodesac gesmiT viRa-cis mamxilebeli dialogi, gaakeTeT sityvasityviTi Ca-naweri. werisas gonebaSi mibaZe mosaubrs da gaixsene sa-qmis viTareba. es muSaobaSi mniSvnelovnad dagexmarebaT.

CainiSneT emociebi

nu CaiwerT, rac gesmiT. Tu mavani da mavani xmas aimaRlebs an tirils daiwyebs, mokled CaiwereT, ram gamoiwvia emo-cia da rogori reaqcia hqonda adamians. aRnusxeT Tqveni da mayureblebis emociebic. ra iyo ambis yvelaze ufro emociuri momenti? rogor gamoxata xalxma emocia? isic aRniSneT, ras xedavT da ra suni gcemT, ras grZnobT da ra gemo gaqvT pirSi, Tuki es SegrZnebebi ambis TxrobaSi dagexmarebaT.

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daxveweT Tqveni SeniSvnebi

konferenciisa da Sexvedris dasrulebisTanave daamu-SaveT Tqveni SeniSvnebi. moaswariT amis gakeTeba, sanam axali ambebis ganyofilebaSi dabrundebiT, sanam Senobis darbazSi xarT – iq, sadac Sexvedra Catarda. im adgilas, sadac Tqveni xelnaweris garCeva gagiWirdebaT, faqizad amowereT sityvebi, sanam cincxlad gaqvT gonebaSi CabeW-dili. SeavseT citatebis nawyvetebi, sanam jer kidev gax-sovT.

gansazRvreT sakiTxebi, romlebic sxva wyaroebSi unda gadaamowmoT damatebiTi informaciis mosapoveblad.

ramdenadac praqtikulad SesaZlebelia, SeitaneT Ca-nawerebi kompiuterSi. es gagiadvilebT werisas didebu-li citatis an sakmaod kargad awyobili abzacis Tqvens teqstSi Catevas.

sanam rames dawerT, gadaxedeT Tqvens SeniSvnebs da „SemoxazeT“ isini, gamokveTeT kargi citatebi an mniSvne-lovani sakiTxebi. moniSneT monaTesave informacia erTi da imave asoTi an kodiT, ise, rom SeZloT SeniSvnebSi gab-neuli masalis organizeba.

dro ixelTeT da gadaxedeT Tqvens SeniSvnebs, moxazeT mTavari: ra aris am ambis Tavi, Sua nawili da bolo? zog-jer monaxazi SeiZleba sul sami-oTxi sityviT Semoifar-glos.

dawereT dauyovnebliv

maSinac ki, rodesac mzad ara xarT mTeli ambis Camosaya-libeblad, dawereT, rac jerjerobiT mzada gaqvT. Tqven sasargeblod gamoiyeneT isini da rac SeiZleba swrafad gadainacvleT mTavar ambavze.

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werisas Tu ver gaarCevT, ra giweriaT Tqvens SeniSvne-bSi iseTi, rac mniSvnelovnad gesaxebaT, daurekeT Tqvens respondents. SegiZliaT ase mimarToT: „mgoni, ase brZa-neT, magram ubralod mindoda davrwmunebuliyavi“. is al-baT dagidasturebT, gagisworebT an ufro dagaxvewinebT. SesaZloa erTi-ori iseTi ram giTxraT kidec, razec in-tervius Semdeg gamarTul Sexvedraze dafiqrda – iseTi ram, rac Tqveni SekiTxvis Semdeg amoutivtivda gonebasa Tu mexsierebaSi.

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Tavi VIII. sasargeblo kontaqtebis damyareba

Jurnalistika kontaqtebisa da wyaroebis gareSe mosawy-eni da warmoudgenelia, miT umetes, biznesJurnalisti-ka. ase rom, saWiroa damyardes da aRinusxos sasargeblo kontaqtebi.

pirveladi kontaqtebi

es xalxia biznesis administratorebi, universitetis profesorebi, biznesis analitikosebi, menejerebi, xeli-suflebis Cinosnebi da nebismieri adamiani, dakavebuli kvleviTi an samrewvelo saqmianobiT, romlis Sesaxebac Tqven werT.

universitetebi da kvleviTi dawesebulebebi savsea adgilobrivi eqspertebiT, romlebic aRWuvilni arian te-qnikuri da profesiuli codniT gansaxilvel sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.

sagangebo biznesSexvedrebi, rogoricaa savaWro ba-zroebi, preskonferenciebi, Sexvedrebi, seminarebi, bizneslanCebi Tu sadilebi, specialuri leqciebi, in-vestorTa forumebi, Tavs uyris biznesSi saxelmoxveWil pirovnebebs. msgavs Sexvedrebze daswreba biznesrepor-tiorebs SeaZlebinebs ara marto kontaqtis, aramed Se-sabamisi codnisa da gamocdilebis farglebis gazrdasac axleburi globaluri da adgilobrivi ganviTarebis sfe-roSi. gamoimuSaveT im adgilobriv eqspertebTan kavSiris

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damyarebis Cveva, romlebic muSaoben Tqven mier gansaxil-vel sakiTxze (wyaroebi Tqveni sagazeTo sensaciisaTvis).

mudam gaxsovdeT, rom politikosebi an parlamentare-bi ar arian yvelafris eqspertebi da rom Cveulebrivi xalxic biznesisa da ekonomikis sferos aseve mniSvnelo-van wyaros warmoadgens.

meoreuli kontaqtebi

dokumentebi mniSvnelovan wyaros warmoadgens kontaqte-bis dasamyareblad, iseve rogorc damatebiTi informa-ciis mosapoveblad. isini moicaven sagazeTo statiebs, Jurnalebs, biznesisa da satelefono cnobarebs.

gamoqveynebuli gancxadebebi da satelevizio Tu ra-dioreklama sasargeblo informacias Seicaven da gamo-gadgebaT biznesisa da ekonomikuri wyaroebis saWiro ka-talogis momzadebisas.

Cvens droSi, internetis wyalobiT, SesaZlebelia TviT Soreuli kontaqtebis damyareba. magaliTad, Google-is, Yahoo-sa Tu sxva saZiebeli sistemis meSveobiT SesaZle-belia saerTaSoriso Tu qveynis SigniT arsebuli distan-ciuri wyaroebis moZieba.

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Tavi IX. saboloo rCevebi biznesistoriebis werisas

• sanam ambis weras SeudgebodeT, ikiTxeT, ratom unda iyos is mniSvnelovani da saintereso Cveulebrivi mkiTxvelisaTvis, raTa sabolood ise ar gamovides, rom Sroma gaswieT marto Tqveni wyaroebisa da eqs-pertebisaTvis.

• sizuste siCqareze mniSvnelovania. biznessiaxleebi rac SeiZleba swrafad unda gadmoices, magram, pirvel yovlisa, cifrebis sizustesa da SesabamisobaSi unda darwmundeT.

• Tavi aarideT weras, sanam gansaxilvel sakiTxs ar gaiazrebT.

• kargad gaiazreT, risi Tqma gsurT.• karg citatasa da farTo sazogadoebisaTvis saintere-

so sagazeTo narkvevs maRla miuCineT adgili.• TviTmiznurad nu gamoiyenebT ricxvebs. maT gamoyene-

bas azri aqvs mxolod konteqstSi. SeecadeT moiZioT ufro didi, farTo suraTi.

• metismetad bevri ricxvis gamoyeneba Trgunavs da aS-foTebs mkiTxvelsa Tu mayurebels da mas uWirs am ricxvebSi garkveva. Tavi aarideT im ricxvebis xmare-bas, romlebsac ambis Txrobisas sakvanZo mniSvneloba ar gaaCniaT.

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• rodesac ekonomikur monacemebze vwerT, aucilebeli ar aris ricxvebis pirvelsave abzacSi gamoyeneba.

• ricxvebi orjer unda gadamowmdes, sanam axali ambebi gamosaqveyneblad gaigzavneba.

• relevanturi ilustraciebi (grafikebi, suraTebi) da nakvesebi maRala moaTavseT.

• gamoiyeneT konkretuli arsebiTi saxelebi da xatova-ni, STambeWdavi zmnebi.

• verc erTi reportiori ver iqneba bolomde miuke-rZoebeli. biznesistoriebi xSirad mTavrdeba Jur-nalistis individualuri Tvalsazrisis damowmebiT. ambis yoveli mxridan gaSuqebis mcdelobam SesaZlebe-lia gaaqarwylos reportioris mikerZoebuloba bizne-sistoriaSi. ase rom, gaiTvaliswineT da warmoadgineT sxva perspeqtiva, alternativa da ambis yvela mxare. nu gviambobaT ambis mxolod naxevars. nu damalavT mis romelime mxares. Tavi aarideT gadawyvetilebebis miRebasa da daskvnebis gamotanas. imetyvelon faqteb-ma. saboloo interpretacia miandeT mkiTxvels.

• Tavi aarideT iseTi kiTxvebis wamoWras, romlebzec pasuxi ar gagaCniaT Tqvens xelnawerSi.

• SeiZleba bizness exeba, magram mainc Jurnalistikis sferos ganekuTvneba – ase rom, ipoveT namdvili siax-leebi da martivad, advilad gasagebad da sainteresod miawodeT mkiTxvels. araferia im biznesistoriaze mo-sawyeni, gare samyaros movlenebisagan gankerZoebiT rom iwereba.

• scadeT ekonomikuri Jargonis Targmna ufro Cveule-brivi, martivi sityvebis gamoyenebiT, vidre maRal-fardovani sityvebiT, rTuli eniTa da CaxlarTuli winadadebebiT.

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• gaSifreT akronimebi: rogorc wesi, rodesac saqme exe-ba organizaciebs, programebsa da xalxs, Tavi unda aaridoT akronimebisa Tu abreviaturebis gamoyenebas. mogvawodeT organizaciis sruli an nawilobrivi da-saxeleba, rodesac mas pirvelad iyenebT Tqvens nawer-Si (mag.: Central European Free Trade Agreement – CEFTA).

• yvela ekonomikur istoriaSi CarTeT Sesabamisi zoga-di axali ambebi.

• ambebi mimarTuli unda iyos adgilobrivi auditorii-saken.

• gansakuTrebuli sifrTxiliT miudeqiT informaciis moZiebas iseTi vebsaitebidan, rogoricaa vikipedia da feisbuki. isini sasargeblo sainformacio wyaroebia, magram ar arsebobs garantia imisa, rom maTi monace-mebi zustia, rom faqtebi da cifrebi ar aris gayalbe-buli, informacia utyuaria da SegviZlia daveyrdnoT mas uSiSrad da daueWveblad.

• marto presaSi gamosaqveyneblad gakeTebul oficia-lur gancxadebas nu endobiT. meti moindomeT. Jur-nalisti kurieri rodia, romelic mTavrobisa da kompaniebis oficialur gancxadebebs awvdis gazeTe-bsa da televiziebs. kargi Jurnalisti oficialuri gancxadebidan gamomdinare informacias konteqstSi svams da mkiTxvels ganumartavs axali ambis RirsmniSv-nelovnebas.

ai, kidev ramdenime rCeva kompaniebis Sesaxeb ambis Se-saTzvelad:• imsjeleT ambavze imis mixedviT, Tu ramdenad Rire-

bul siaxles Seicavs igi. aris Tu ara is saintereso, axali, moculobiTi, moulodneli? nu miscemT nebas kompanias, es Tqven magivrad gadawyvitos.

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• ganavrceT ambavi. ipoveT gzebi gansaxilveli sakiTxis gamosakvlevad aramarto erTi kompaniis farglebSi. Tu saqme exeba erT produqts, daadgineT, kidev vin awarmoebs msgavs produqcias. Tuki saqme midgeba axa-li menejmentis strategiaze, daadgineT, sxva vin aris am saqmeSi CarTuli. xolo finansuri Sedegebis gamo-Tvlisas gaecaniT sxva kompaniebis Sedegebsac imave seqtorSi.

• izruneT imaze, rom gaigoT. ricxvebiT, Jargonuli eniTa da teqnologiuri terminebiT Tavgzaareuli bevri reportiori, romelsac ar surs gaamJRavnos sakiTxSi gauTviTcnobiereba, amjobinebs, gaiziaros kompaniis versia. es ki kompanias saSualebas aZlevs, upiratesoba moipovos rogorc Tqvenze, ise mkiTxve-lebze. dasviT „suleluri“ SekiTxvebi. CxrikeT, eZieT kontaqtebi. daadgineT, ra ras niSnavs.

• nu gaaigivebT menejments kompaniasTan. Tu kompania Setanilia nusxaSi, misi mepatroneebi misi mepaieebic arian. maT SesaZloa mmarTveli administraciisagan gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebi hqondeT. izruneT imaze, rom gansxvavebuli Tvalsazrisebi moagrovoT Tavad kompaniis SigniT da imsjeleT maTze. igulisxmeba da-saqmebulebic, romelTac xSirad TavianTi warmomad-genlebi hyavT. ar dagaviwydeT momxmarebelic. ro-desac kompania gaasaRebs Tavis produqcias, hkiTxeT azri myidvelebs.

• komentari TavSi moaqcieT. kompaniebma Seqmnes sazo-gadoebasTan urTierTobisa da komunikaciebis imxela departamentebi, rom xSirad maT gareSe Wirs saqmis keTeba. Tumca isini zogjer, waxalisebis nacvlad, aferxeben komunikacias. gamonaTqvami, romelic uSua-lod ufrosi administatorisagan mogdiT, sainfor-

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macio direqtoris mier warmoTqmul aTas sityvas utoldeba.

• nu gagitacebT sanaxaobis brwyinvaleba. rodesac kompanias surs, Tavi gaacnos msoflios, SeuZlia war-moadginos SesaniSnavi sanaxaoba. manqanebis mwarmoebe-li kompaniebi mimzidvel qalebs iwveven TaviaTi bolo modelebis saCveneblad. isini koqteiliTa da sauke-Teso xemsiT (zogjer saCuqrebiTac) umaspinZldebian Jurnalistebs. SeinarCuneT simSvide da Tavi SeikaveT azris gamoTqmisagan.

• hkiTxeT damoukidebel msajuls. mudam hkiTxeT azri miukerZoebel adamians kompaniis saqmianobis Sesaxeb – finansur sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT kiTxvebi dausviT analitikosebs, produqciasTan dakavSirebiT ki – aka-demikosebs, sakvlevi samuSaos organizatorebsa da myidvelebs.

• moamzadeT konteqsti. rogorc yvela sxva SemTxve-vaSi, cota xniT dabrZandiT da ikiTxeT: risi codna sWirdeba mkiTxvels ambis ukeT gasagebad? meti ram kompaniaze? bazarze? gafarToebul ekonomikaze? sa-qmeSi CarTul pirovnebasa Tu xalxze?

• moimarageT ricxvebi. Tqven mkiTxvelis – da ara kompa-niis – warmomadgeneli xarT. ase rom, winaswar WvretT, savaraudod ra ricxvebis codna unda mkiTxvels an ra gauadvilebs ambis gagebas. nu endobiT kompanias – is amaSi ar CagaxedebT. kompaniebis umetesoba mogawvdiT mxolod im ricxvebs, romlebic, maTi azriT, ambavs Seesatyviseba.

• Tvali adevneT. dafiqrdiT imaze, rom Tqveni gamoce-mis Semdeg nomerSi ufro gamowvlilviT gaaanalizoT kompaniis saqmianoba. SexedeT sakiTxs ufro farTo TvalsazrisiT da ara marto kompaniis saqmianobidan

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gamomdinare da dawereT narkvevi seqtoris Sesaxeb. dRiurSi CainiSneT, rom unda gadaamowmoT, rogoria saqmis viTareba erTi Tvisa Tu eqvsi Tvis ganmavlo-baSi, an rogori iqneba gaisad.

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Tavi X. sityvari

mTliani Sida produqti (GDP): es aris im yvelafris sru-li Rirebuleba, rasac weliwadSi awarmoebs konkretuli qveyana da rac fuliT izomeba. masSi Sedis xangrZlivi moxmarebis saqoneli da nivTieri produqti (rogoricaa: sakvebi, bunebrivi gazi Tu avtomobilebi) da momsaxureba (rogoricaa: mobiluri telefonis gadasaxadi an gadazid-vis xarjebi). ekonomistebs gvarianad afiqrebT am cifris zrda, ase rom, sakvanZo RonisZiebaa GDP-is zrda erT sul mosaxleze rac gamoixateba qveynis dovlaTis faqtobriv zrdaSi (rac ar gaxlavT fasebis zrdis Sedegi), rac mTel mosaxleobaze nawildeba (radgan, raki izrdeba, dovlaTic iqmneba da meti xalxi moixmars). rodesac zrda mcirde-ba zedized ori kvartlis ganmavlobaSi (mag.: eqvsi TviT), iwyeba recesia. es Tu wlobiT gagrZelda, maSin daiwyeba depresia.

fiskaluri balansi – fiskaluri niSnavs sabiujetos, anu im odenobis fuls, romelsac mTavroba iRebs gada-saxadebisgan da sxva wyaroebisgan da romelsac xarjavs ganaTlebaze, samoqalaqo samsaxuris xelfasebze, samxe-dro sferosa Tu policiaze, sabinao mSeneblobaze, jan-dacvaze da sxv. fiskaluri balansi aris gansxvaveba miRe-bulsa da daxarjuls Soris. is Tu mets iRebs, vidre xarjavs, maSin saqme gvaqvs fiskalur anu sabiujeto de-ficitTan. amis sapirispiroa fiskaluri anu sabiujeto

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siWarbe. Tu saqme exeba deficits, man unda isesxos (mag.: saxelmwifo obligaciebis saxiT) an dabeWdos fuli. maRa-li samTavrobo sesxi imas niSnavs, rom samomavlod, sesxis gasastumreblad, gadasaxadebi savaraudod gaizrdeba. GDP-is 3%-ze meti deficiti riskis Semcvelia. da Tu mTavroba zedmet fuls beWdavs, mosalodnelia inflacia.

inflacia ganisazRvreba, rogorc sursaTisa da mom-saxurebis fasebis zogadi donis gaxangrZlivebuli zrda qveyanaSi. is izomeba wliuri procentuli cvlilebiT. in-flaciis pirobebSi, droTa ganmavlobaSi, fasebi izrdeba. fasebi iSviaTad ecema didi xniT, magram, Tu ase moxda, es niSnavs daflacias, anu saqonlisa da momsaxurebis zoga-di fasebis donis dacemas.

ekonomikuri indikatorebi gulisxmobs iseTi movle-nebs, rogorebicaa: GDP-is zrda, inflacia, umuSevrobis xarisxi, fiskaluri balansi, vaWroba da mimdinare anga-riSis balansi.

mimdinare angariSi da savaWro balansi – im saqonlisa da momsaxurebis fasis gadasaxdelad fuli moedineba da gaedineba qveynebidan, romliTac erTmaneTTan vaWroben, da investiciebis mosazidad. rodesac es xdeba, erTi qvey-nis valuta sxva qveynis valutad gardaiqmneba. amas ewo-deba ucxouri valutiT vaWroba. amitom saWiroa balansis dacva (xangrZlivad) modenil da gadenil fuls Soris. rodesac es exeba eqsportidan Semosul fuls, gansxvave-biT importze daxarjuli fulisagan, saqme gvaqvs sa-vaWro balansTan. rodesac saqmeSi sxva raRacebs CavrTa-vT – iseTs, rogoricaa momsaxurebis gadasaxadi (raSic Sedis tvirTis gadazidva, telekomi, sabanko momsaxureba da a. S. iseve rogorc saprocento gadasaxadi sesxze da ucxoeli investorebis sargebeli), gansxvavebas daerqme-

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va mimdinare angariSis balansi an, sruli saxeliT Tu mo-vixseniebT, mimdinare angariSi gadaxdebis balansze.

mravalerovnuli korporacia – korporacia, romelic registrirebulia erTze met qveyanaSi an romelic erTze met qveyanaSi atarebs operaciebs.

eleqtronuli komercia – zogadad, cnobili e-com-merce-ad, industriis saxeobaa, romelSiac produqciisa da momsaxurebis yidva-gayidva imarTeba eleqtronuli sistemiT msgavsad internetisa da sxva kompiuteruli qselebisa.

uol-striti – es gaxlavT niu-iork-sitis finansuri raioni. es aris kera niu-iorkis safondo birJisa, rome-lic yvelaze did safondo birJas warmoadgens misi nusxa-Si Setanili kompaniebis sabazro kapitalizaciis wyalo-biT.

globalizacia aris sainvesticio fondebisa da bizne-sis tendencia, Sida da erovnuli bazrebidan sxva bazre-bze gadainacvlos mTeli dedamiwis masStabiT da ase ga-namtkicos sxvadasxva bazris urTierTkavSiri.

saxelmwifos kuTvnili sawarmo – mTavrobis mier Se-qmnili iuridiuli piri xelisuflebis saxeliT komer-ciul saqmianobaSi monawileobis misaRebad. saxelmwofos kuTvnil sawarmos (SOE) mTlianad an nawilobriv flobs mTavroba da Cafiqrebulia komerciul saqmianobaSi mo-nawileobis misaRebad.

kerZo kompania – kompania, romelsac, Cveulebriv, flobs erTi pirovneba (damaarsebeli) an xalxis mcire jgufi.

sazogadoebrivi kompania – saaqcio sazogadoeba, rom-lis wilis yidvac yvelas SeuZlia saaqcio birJaze.

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sarisko kapitali – investorebis mier Cadebuli fuli kompaniebisa da mcire biznesis wamosawyebad, gaazrebuli grZelvadiani zrdis potencialiT.

karteli – im mwarmoeblebis aliansi, romlebic ba-zarze fasebis dasastabilureblad farTo moxmarebis sa-qonlis maragis gasakontroleblad ikribebian (metwilad, maT maRal doneze SesanarCuneblad, rac maT, uTuod, sargeblobas moutans). navTobis eqsportis qveynebis or-ganizacia (OPEC) yvalaze cnobili organizaciaa, kidev bevri sxvac arsebobs. `Tavisufali bazris~ ekonomistebi amboben, rom kartelebi iyeneben momxmareblebs.

safondo birJa adgilia bazris moedanze, sadac usa-frTxoebiT, farTo moxmarebis saqonliT, fasiani qa-RaldebiTa da sxva finansuri instrumentebiT vaWroben. iseTi birJis, rogoric safondo birJaa, mTavari funqciaa patiosani da wesieri vaWroba, iseve rogorc fasebze in-formaciis efeqtianad miwodeba oficialuri pirebisa-Tvis, romlebic am birJaze vaWroben. gacvla-gamocvla uzrunvelyofs kompaniebs, mTavrobebsa da sxva jgufebs platformiT, mihyidos saxelmwifo fasiani qaRaldebi in-vesticiebis gamReb xalxs. birja SesaZloa aRmoCndes is adgili, sadac movaWreebi erTmaneTs xvdebian biznesis samarTavad eleqtronul platformaze.

kapitali – registrirebuli biznesis saaqcio kapita-li (an kapitali) Seadgens misi mflobelebis saaqcio ka-pitalis wils.

yovelwliuri angariSi – yovelwliuri angariSi amom-wuravi angariSia kompaniis wina wlis saqmianobaze. yo-velwliuri angariSi gamiznulia imisaTvis, rom mepaieebsa da sxva dainteresebul pirebs informacia miawodos kom-paniis saqmianobasa da finansur Semsruleblobaze.

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Mergers and Acquisitions (Serwyma da SeZena) – cnobili Ta-visi inicialebiT M&A. rodesac kompaniebi erTiandebian ufro did kompaniad an erTi pasuxismgeblobas iRebs meo-reze (iZens mas). es xSirad xdeba biznesSi da SesaZlebelia bazari radikalurad Secvalos.

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İSTİFADƏ OLUNMUŞ MƏNBƏLƏR

Gunasekara, Mel, EconomicandBusinessReporting, Retrieved 12Jan 2017. http://www.maldivesinfo.gov.mv/home/upload/downloads/Bu-siness–EN.pdf

Hayes, Keith, Business Journalism: How to Report on Business and Economics, Apress, 2014

Roush, Christ, Show Me the Money: Writing Business and Economics Stories for Mass Communication, 2010

Thompson, Terry, Writing about Business: The New Columbia Knight-Bagehot Guide to Economics and Business Journalism, Columbia University Press, 2001

Weber, Joseph, Teaching Business and Economic Journalism:Fresh Ap-proaches, Retrieved 12Jan 2017. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1089&context=journalismfacpub

Who’s Running the Company: A Guide to Reporting on Corporate Gover nance, Retrieved 1 Feb 2017. http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics–ext–content/ifc–external–corporate–site/ifc+cg/re-sources/toolkits+and+manuals/media–guide.

Tbilisi, p. CanCibaZis quCa 6 ( 214 34 01, 577 33 38 57stamba.damani@gmail.com

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