The French Revolution and Napoleon

The shy, indecisive, king of France at the start of the French Revolution was

named ________________. (Name and Number)

King Louis XVI (16th)

The Third Estate made up _____% of the population and paid _____ of the taxes.

The Third Estate made up 97-98% of the population and paid nearly all the taxes.

Enlightened ideas were one of several causes of the French Revolution,

especially the writings of John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu and ________ who was outspoken against intolerance and injustice. He criticized the monarchy

and the Catholic church while preaching “reason and rationality”.

Voltaire

Queen Marie Antoinette was especially out of touch with the realities that faced

her country. When asked what the monarchy was going to do about the

shortage of bread and the people starving in the streets, she supposedly

said…

“Let them eat cake.”

In 1799, Napoleon took part in a ________________ or overthrowing the

government using military force.

Coup d’etat

The new, radical French government under known as the Jacobins were led

by ______. During his time of power, they rounded up and executed thousands of “enemies of the state” which is known

as the Reign of Terror.

Maximilien Robespierre

Angry and afraid for their lives, thousands of peasants gathered and

stormed the _________, a fortress/prison.

The Bastille

Napoleon was defeated once and for all at the Battle of _____ in Belgium in 1815. After which, he would be banished to a

far off island.

Waterloo

Following Napoleon’s defeat at Waterloo and banishment, the __________ was

organized to meet and discuss peace, power and other politics in Europe.

Congress of Vienna

King Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, Maximillien Robespierre and thousands of

others would meet their fate at the ____________, a new device invented to

cause quick and painless death.

The Guillotine

Less than 2% of the population, the nobility, paid few, if any taxes,

controlled much of the wealth, held key government and military positions.

This describes the ________________.

Second Estate

Napoleon’s fall came when he invaded Russia. Cold, starving and without

supplies he decided to retreat. Of his 600,000 man army, only

________________ survived to make it back to Paris. This is considered one of the greatest military disasters in history.

40,000

The storming of the Bastille took place on July 14th, _______. This is widely

considered the start of the French Revolution. Bastille Day is considered a sort of French independence day and is

celebrated every year.

July 14th, 1789