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FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Sustainable and Cleaner Production in the Manufacturing Industries of
PakistanSCI-Pak
Mar 2009- Feb 2012
Water Consumption Figures
Water extensive industry (500-5,000 m3/d)
Specific water consumption (75-400 liter/kg)
Water Consumption Estimation
Water turbine capacity and running hours
Process wise water consumption estimation (Recipe)
Wastewater flow monitoring (WW = 80% of fresh water consumption)
Production in meters x average width (m) x average GSM ÷ 1000 = kg
Water Wastages
Water is free and abundantly available No water monitoring Extensive washings (Fabric, Floor, drums) Old inefficient machines
(Automatic water shut off valves, co-current washing, leakages)
Wastages from water hoses No reuse of steam condensate as boiler
feed water
Water monitoring and its control Reuse of cooling water (Heat exchangers, singeing, compressors, cooling drums, calenders, comfit, chillers, pumps etc)Automatic water shut off valves Countercurrent washings
Reuse of steam condensate as boiler feed water
Reuse of RO rejected water and softener backwash water in wash rooms
Reuse of process washes (Scouring-desizing, mercerization-scouring & bleaching, bleaching- scouring)
Water shut off valves at water hoses Reuse of colored water for washing color
kitchen floor, printing machine accessories and pigment drums
Optimum consumption: 40-100 m3/ton of hides
Higher consumption (no water conservation measures): 350-1,000 m3/ton of hides
# Tanning Process Water Consumption
(%)
1 Soaking 15-20
2 Liming 25-35
3 De-liming & Bating 8-12
Total Beam House 48-67
4 Pickling & Tanning 7-15
5 Re-tanning, Dyeing , Fat Liquoring
8-14
Total Tanning and Post Tanning
15-29
Running washes No float control (No measurement
of water being fed into the drum) Generally high float is maintained, 100-
200% more (to be on the safer side) Floor washing, self bathing with
the large diameter pipeline Leakages in the water pipelines Steam condensate is wasted More washes are required for
salted hides in the soaking process