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In: Zbornik Odsjeka za povijesne znanosti Zavoda za povijesne i društvene znanosti Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti, 30 (2012), str. 31-55.
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!"#$%&'("($)*+,-%./(0,1,2%3$(4,56/7,%,%iobagiones castri%8#9,:16%;%<=>%,%<?>%@A#/5(1;Zb. Odsjeka povij. znan. Zavoda povij. druš. znan. Hrvat. akad. znan. umjet., 30 (2012), str. 31-55
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!"#$%&'("($)*+,-%./(0,1,2%3$(4,56/7,%,%iobagiones castri%8#9,:16%;%<=>%,%<?>%@A#/5(1;Zb. Odsjeka povij. znan. Zavoda povij. druš. znan. Hrvat. akad. znan. umjet., 30 (2012), str. 31-55
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!"#$%&'("($)*+,-%./(0,1,2%3$(4,56/7,%,%iobagiones castri%8#9,:16%;%<=>%,%<?>%@A#/5(1;Zb. Odsjeka povij. znan. Zavoda povij. druš. znan. Hrvat. akad. znan. umjet., 30 (2012), str. 31-55
sa Pestyja,4')=<TwV',T8?SAQV&5 Pétera Váczyja6'A'7@N;X@V'kg?ATV&7'R:a='T='S;VOS:'TV-a=OA'\'TUQ=W=J=Y'?V'`:W;\^Q\'T;=W?Q:HQ=S:H?='5UVH:?AQ=&'S;VUQ=HTSA'a\`V?VOA':W?:T?:'comitatus castri'\'W:9V'+;`VW:HAJV&'TUA^?:':?ARV'\'T;=WAI?Q=R'WAQ=U\'B;VUQ=HTOHV&'9AUA'T\'`;=WVHV?A'\';\S=';V<?A]'[;SH=?A]'A'THQ=O:H?A]'X:T`:WV;V'OAQ=S:R'123'A'143'TO:UQ=JV'FVS:'T='<V?=RV;A'?=S:UAS:'HVa?A]'A<?ARVSV'`:`\O'B;Aa=HV[V'A'BVU?ASV&'S:QA'T\':TOVUA'
iobagiones ecclesiae WAQ=UAUA'`;VH?A'TOVO\T'iobagiones sancti regis'S:QA'T\'aAHQ=UA'?V'S;VUQ=HTSAR'`:TQ=WARV'\?\OV;' :SHA;V' S;VUQ=HTSA]' a\`V?AQV3' 0T`3' i;AX@=T' =TO@&' #( /9129.;.6?-15( ,-.567-86-1;4( :B.:380:0(4X<B8B608(9(Y H(6?-?9IZ98(h :HAQ=TO'\XV;TSA]'a\`V?VOV&'`:T=9A[='\'123'TO:UQ=J\j&'k\WV`=TO'1llD3&'TO;3'lZ3'-HWQ='R:a=R:'[AOA;VOA' A'RAIUQ=?Q='";ASV'ixX=WAQV'S:QA' Q='\'Q=W?:R'TH:R';V?:R';VW\'`:W;aV:'AW=Q\'WV'Q='W;\IOH=?A'`:U:aVQ'`U=R=?AOA]'[;SH=?A]'iobagiones'FSVT?AQA]'`;=WAQVUV[VK'?V'[;SH=?AR'`:TQ=WARV'bio u osnovi isti kao onaj iobagiones castri&'S:QA'T\'aAHQ=UA'?V'`:TQ=WARV'S:QA'T\'9AUA'\'`;A`VW?:TOARV'S;VUQ=HTSA]' OH;WA]' X;VW:HV3' 0T`3' ";AS' ixX=WA&' %25:.9( /0120( Z0:0<07X<360( [Naseljavanje Njitranske a\`V?AQ=j&'k\WV`=TO'1C2l3&'TO;3'D23'k\W\JA'WV'T='̀ AOV?Q='W;\IOH=?:X'TU:QV'\XV;TSA]'iobagiones castri riješilo \'?:HAQ:Q']ATO:;A:X;VcQA'FHAWAY'+OOAUV'pT:UW:T&'#(6?08:(45.-<2(6?9Z9IK95H(M0K0?0:04(9(,-.K;ZZ-126-1(:B.:380:3ZR<(h5U:9:W?QV[A' 5H=O:X' S;VUQV3' :XUVHUQV' A<' `:HAQ=TOA' iobagiones castrij& k\WV`=TO' 1CCC3K&' TVWV' 9A' O;=9VU:'rješiti `;:9U=R'\XV;TSA]'F[;SH=?A]K'`;=WAQVUV[V'SVS:'9A'9AU:'R:X\J='ATO:'AT[;`?:'ATO;VaAOA'A'S:R`V;A;VOA'`AOV?QV'A<?ASUV'A<'W;\IOH=?='`:HAQ=TOA'T;=W?Q:HQ=S:H?='5UVH:?AQ=&'`:T=9A[='Q=;'T=&'SVS:'Q=':`J='`:<?VO:&'W;\IOH=?V' A?TOAO\[AQV' [;SH=?:X' `U=RTOHV' F`;=WAQVU[AK' ?V' [;SH=?AR' `:TQ=WARV'R:a=' ?VJA' ?V' [AQ=U:R'O=;AO:;AQ\'pVX;=9V^S='9ATS\`AQ=3'.AWAY'A>*[, str. 181-182 (natuknica 012U-?5(80/06( h[;SH=?A'`U=RAJj&'V\O:;Y'!8T<Ug'5:U@R:TAK3'p9:X'RV?QSV'`;VH='SUVTAcSV[AQ=':HA]'`AOV?QV&'R:;VR:'`:TUQ=WA^?:'<VW;aVOA'?=W:\RA[\'S:QA'd=?:R=?A'T='R:X\'\T`:;=WAOA'T'S:QARV'A'?V'S:Q:Q':T?:HA3'6H;W?QV'T='R:a='Q=W?:TOVH?:'W:SV<VOA' [AOA;VR:' UA' Q=WV?' :W' ?VQHVa?AQA]' ;VW:HV' :' OAR' `AOV?QARV&' S:Q=X' Q=' ?V`ATV:' 7@N;X@' kg?AT'1C4E3'X:WA?=Y'reV':H:R'O=;AO:;AQ\'hT;=W?Q:HQ=S:H?='5UVH:?AQ='b'73'5<3j':WAQ=UQ=?:TO'A<R=_\'[;SH=?A]'A'THQ=O:H?A]'`:TQ=WV'?AQ='9AUV'`;ARQ=?Q=?V'hW;\IOH=?:'b'73'5<3jY'[;SH=?A'`U=RAJA'*\a?A]'WAQ=U:HV'`:O`\?:'T\'WAQ=UAUA'`;VH?A'TOVO\T'`;=WAQVUV[V'S:QA'T\'aAHQ=UA'?V'THQ=O:H?AR'`:TQ=WARV3'-9Q='X;\`='T\'A<;VTU='A<'stratuma iobagiones castri A' W;aVUA' T\' TH:Q=' O;VWA[AQ=' F333K3' 6:' Q=' `:TUQ=WA^?:'\<;:S:HVU:' ?=TO\`?Q=HAOA'`;AQ=UV<' A<R=_\' ;V<?A]' H;TOV' `;=WAQVUV[V' S:QA' T\' aAHQ=UA' ?V' S;VUQ=HTSAR&' [;SH=?AR' AUA' THQ=O:H?AR'`:TQ=WARV&'W:S'T\'\XV;TSA'[;SH=?A'`U=RAJA'F333K'9AUA'`:TH='W;\XV^AQA'OA`L3'0T`3'7@N;X@'kg?AT&'V\Z3.5631(36(.08I5631(9(4B?374;.5(/9129.(K;1Z98(hi=\WVU?A'T\TOVH'A'TOVU=ISV'W;aVHV'\'T;=W?Q:HQ=S:H?:R'\XV;TS:R'<VS:?\'j&'W;\X:'A<WV?Q=&'\;3'"U=R>;'kVU:X]&'k\WV`=TO'DZZ23&'TO;3'DnZ3'.AWA'ATO:Y' >O=;'.8[<@&'#(45.-<25(60.,508604(36(9(79:.5/;85-<56(45.-<26-1(hB;VUQ=HA'TU\a9=?A[A'Fservientes regisK'A'`VO;AR:?AQVU?:'S;VUQ=HTOH:j&'k\WV`=TO'1CDl3&'TO;3'EC&'9AUQ3'13'kAU:'9A'TUA^?:'Q=W?VS:'HVa?:';V<QVT?AOA'`:HAQ=TO':?A]'`U=RAJSA]'X;\`V'A'<VQ=W?A[V'S:Q='T\'aAHQ=U='?V'X;V?A^?AR'`:W;\^QARV'0XV;TS:fu;HVOTS:X'B;VUQ=HTOHV'F:9A^?:'<HV?A]'r`:T=9?:' `U=RTOH:L' \' RV_V;TS:Q' ]ATO:;A:X;VcQAK&' O=' A]' :9QVT?AOA' `\O=R' :`T=a?A]' S:R`V;VOAH?A]'TO\WAQV'SVS:'9A'T=':9QVT?AU:'SVS:'T\'O=&'A?V^='?=`:H=<V?='<VQ=W?A[=&'R:XU='`;:A<H=TOA'TUA^?='A?TOAO\[AQ='A' HAI=fRV?Q=' V?VU:X?=' W;\IOH=?=' d=?:R=?=' OAQ=S:R' T;=W?Q=X' HAQ=SV&' VUA' A' IO:' A]' Q=' ATO:H;=R=?:';V<UAS:HVU:3'.AWAY'+?OVU'eVX@'i=S=O=&'+<':;T<8X:T'>T'̀ V;OA[\UV;AT'?=R=TT>X'OVX:<gW8TV'V'SN<>`S:;9V?'h :WAQ=UV'?V'W;aVH?:' A'`V;OAS\UV;?:'`U=RTOH:'\' T;=W?Q=R'HAQ=S\j&'&/<344B82,(];/98;,6?42('-8I;.(6?X<0:360(U9:,989I54(^;.I=<JK-894(X88073.0@(FDWPH(/-K=6(_P(hp9:;?AS'\'^VTO'I=<W=T=O=':9UQ=O?A[=';:_=?QV'58?W:;V'):RV?:HT<S:X&'DE3'THA9?QV'1C2E3j&'k\WV`=TO'1C2E3&'TO;3'1GCf1l4m'kg?AT&'V\Z3.5631, str. 243-307; A>*[, str. 556-557 (natuknica 7.90I59<56(80/06(h`;=WAQVUV[j&'V\O:;Y' 8U'"?X=UKm'#V;OA?'(VW@&'%;Z5<5:2@([98I( 98I('0.,5S0( 58(>0I50,9<(V=819.2, Basingstoke – New York 2000., str. 79-95; Gábor Szeberényi, %0/065(4B?B663104(9('?0706631Z08(36(*`./0?R8(9(FWEFGH(6?-?9IZ98 a'?0/7;8:;4(9(6?07065(:b?<-8I?6-6;4(36(9(:=.;7;<K05(80/0604(7-.U=?9/-894(43.I363U0?c(h U=RAJS='<VQ=W?A[='\'5`AI\'A'6\;:`:UQ\'\'123'A'143'TO:UQ=J\'F(V<RVO;V?QV':'`V;VU=UVRV'A<R=_\'T`AISA]'r`U=RAJV'W=T=O:;A[='S:`UQV?ASVL'A'O\;:`:UQTSA]'`U=RAJVKj&'Pécs 2012. (u tisku).
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5 )=<Tw',T8?SA&'AB.B6/0120(9(YdE54(6?-?9IZ98'hB;Aa=HV^SV'a\`V?AQV'\'1G3'TO:UQ=J\j&'k\WV`=TO'1lC23&'str. 120-122.
6 Váczy, #(45.-<25(60.,508604, str. 77-87.7 kg?AT&'V\Z3.5631, str. 243-260.
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`:W'S;VUQ=HTS:R'HUVTOAK&'VUA'=UAOV'\?\OV;'RAS;:fW;\IOHV';V<?A]'r?=TOVQ\JA]L'a\`V?V-ta, tj. sloj iobagiones castri&'?AQ='`;=TOV:'`:TO:QVOA'F<V';V<UAS\':W'?QA]:HA]'`V?WV?V'\'0XV;TS:QK&'H=J'Q='H=JA?V'?QA]'\T`Q=UV'TV^\HVOA'TH:QV'`:T=9?V'`;VHV'A':S;\X=&'O='T\'9AUA'O;V?Td:;RA;V?A'\'r`U=RTOH:'\OH;WVL'F,-.80/06631K'AUA'`;=WAQVU?:'`U=RTOH:'S:Q='Q='<V-W;aVU:'TH:Q'W;\IOH=?A'A':;XV?A<V[AQTSA':SHA;'W:'S;VQV'T;=W?Q=XV'HAQ=SV&'V'R:aWV'^VS'A'kasnije.8' >O=;'.8[<@'̀ ;HA'Q=':9QVI?QVHV:'TU:Q'̀ ;=WAQVUV[V'Q\a?:':W';AQ=S=');VH='\'S:?-O=STO\'`;:9U=RV'\XV;TS:X'd=\WVUA<RV&'<VSUQ\^\Q\JA'SVS:'T\'r\'u;HVOTS:Q'A'5UVH:?AQA&'`:TQ=WA'S:Q='T\'W;aVUA'iobagiones castri'W:9AUA':9UAS'`;=WAQVU?:X'W;aV?QV'`:TQ=WVL&9 dok Q='7@N;X@'kg?AT&'S:QA'Q='W:'WV?VI?QA]'WV?V'?V`ATV:'?VQ;V<;V_=?AQ='WQ=U:':'d=\WVU?AR'O=?W=?[AQVRV'A'd=?:R=?ARV'S:QA'T\'?VTOVUA'\'T;=W?Q:HQ=S:H?:R'0XV;TS:R'B;VUQ=H-TOH\&'OH;WA'WV'T\'rS;VUQ=HA'`;=WAQVU[A'h\'5UVH:?AQA&'73'5<3j'F333K'9AUA'S:?WA[A:?VU?:'`U=R-TOH:'S:Q='T=';AQ=IAU:'TH:Q='`:W;=_=?:TOA'S;VUQ=HTSAR'\OH;WVRVL10 te je smatrao da su genera iobagionum castri,11'S:QA'T\'T'`;AQ=?:T:R'S;VUQ=HTS:X'HUVT?AIOHV'?VW'\OH;WVRV'\'`;AHVO?\'W:R=?\' ATO:'9AUA'`:W;=_=?A'HUVTOA' THQ=O:H?A]'X:T`:WV;V&'9AUV'\':T?:HA'rX=?=VU:ISAL'`:W\WV;?V' T' :?AR'X;\`VRV'S:Q='\'?VIAR' A<H:;ARV' OAQ=S:R'SVT?:X'T;=W?Q=X'HAQ=SV'`:S;AHVQ\' O=;RA?A' F\'kg?AT=H:Q'S:?[=`[AQA'HAI=' AUA'RV?Q=' TA?:?ARAK'r`U=R=?AOA' iobagiones castri” (nobiles iobagiones castriK&'`U=RAJA'\OH;W='Fnobiles castri) AUA'`;=WAQVU[A'F7.90I59<06).12'0S;VOS:&'`;=RV'RV_V;TS:Q']ATO:;A:X;VcQA&'rTU:Q'iobagiones
castri'T='\'5UVH:?AQA'O;V?d:;RA;V:'\'`;=WAQVU?:'`U=RTOH:L313
#:a=R:'`;:?VJA'`:?=IO:'W;\XV^AQ\&' VUA'\':T?:HA'\T`:;=W?\'S:?[=`[AQ\'\' ;V-W:HARV'eVW='BUVAJ3'-?V'Q='TRVO;VUV'WV'Q='S;VUQ'k=UV'$.3'TOH:;A:&'SV:'WA:'TH:Q='H:Q?=';=d:;R='?VS:?'R:?X:UTS='A?HV<AQ=&'?:HA'OA`'rTU:9:W?QVSVL'FRATU=JA'?V':?='S:QA'T\'`:TQ=W:HVUA'?=S\'H;TO\'S:?WA[A:?VU?='TU:9:W='\'T;=W?Q:HQ=S:H?:R'W;\IOH\'123'TO:-UQ=JV&'H=JA?:R'?V' iobagiones castri' A'TUA^?='W;\IOH=?='X;\`=K&'S:QA'T='?V'TUVH=?TS:R'nazivao 7.9?854, dok je 7.90I59<06 termin koji je korišten u latinskim izvorima.14 No,
8 ,T8?SA'Q='`:WAQ=UA:'`;=WAQVU[='B;Aa=HV^S='a\`V?AQ='\'1G3'TO:UQ=J\'\'O;A'XUVH?='X;\`=Y'`;=WAQVU[='S:QA'T\'`;A`VWVUA'S;VUQ=HTSAR'OH;WAR'X;VW:HARV&'`:`\O'B;Aa=HV[V'A'BVU?ASV&'`;=WAQVU[='?V'[;SH=?AR'`:TQ=WA-RV'F<VX;=9V^S:X'9ATS\`V&'`;=`:IOV'vV<R='A'7U:X:H?A[=&':`VOV'k=U='A'`;A:;V'.;V?=K'A'`;=WAQVU[='S:QA'T\'aAHQ=UA'?V'?=S:J'S;VUQ=HTSAR'a\`V?VOARV'IO:'T\'T='O;V?Td:;RA;VUA'\'THQ=O:H?V'HUVTO=UA?TOHV'b'?VQHVa?AQ=':W'?QA]'9AU:'Q='(:HAIJ=3'0T`3',T8?SA&'AB.B6/0120, str. 120-121.
%" Váczy, #(45.-<25(60.,508604, str. 84.!& kg?AT&'V\Z3.5631, str. 250.!! kg?AT'Q=&'TUAQ=W=JA'RAIUQ=?Q='!VQ:TV'6]VUUg[<@QV&'TRVO;V:'WV'T\'0XV;TSA'S;VUQ=HA'OAQ=S:R'`;:[=TV'`:UA-
OA^S:X' d:;RA;V?QV' 5UVH:?AQ=&' <VW;aVUA' T?Va?='W:RVJ=' TUVH:?TS=' ;:W:H=' r\'?QA]:H:R' h:;AXA?VU?:Rj'TOV?Q\&'O;V?Td:;RA;VQ\JA'A]'\'iobagiones castriL'F6]VUUg[<@Q=H'O=STO'[AOA;V?'A<Y'kg?AT&'V\Z3.5631, str. 246), IO:HAI=&'`;=O`:TOVHA:'Q='WV'Q='rS:]=<AQV'\?\OV;'];HVOTS:fTUVH:?TSA]';:WV'9AUV'OVS:'T?Va?V&'IO:'AR'Q='`:-R:XU:'WV'T=':^\HVQ\'^VS'A'\?\OV;':SHA;V'T\TOVHV'S;VUQ=HTSA]'OH;WA]'X;VW:HV'S:QA'T='9V<A;VQ\'?V'`:TH='W;\XV^AQAR'?V^=UARVL'Fkg?AT&'V\Z3.5631, str. 252).
!# kg?AT&'V\Z3.5631, str. 254.! A>*[&'TO;3'GGn'F?VO\S?A[VY'7.90I59<56(80/06&'V\O:;Y' 8U'"?X=UK3!$ eVWV'BUVAJ&(e;,5K06:(V.,9:9(=(.9?,5K08;/(6.0I8K0/(,5K04=@'pVX;=9'1CEn3&'TO;3'22Z3'-?V'T=':HWQ=';=d=;A;V'
?V'WV;:H?A[\'S;VUQV'k=U='$.3&'`:WAQ=UQ=?\'6A9\;[AQ\'\'a\`V?VO\'7V;=I?A[='F7=;<=?[=K'43':a\QSV'1DGE3Y'09I0/(S;8I5S5;80@(f=5Z=6(9<55(7.0I59<06(8;6:.5@(f=5(,=<1;(79.9?8=4(I5S=8:=.H(.AWAY']57<;/9:5g45(?Z;.854(A.9<K0E,580(V.,9:640@(]9</9S5K0(5('<9,;85K0H();I0C(]57<;/9:5S=6(+0185().;9:590@(]9</9:590(0:('<9,;8590(FWVUQ=Y',)K&'`;A;3'6VWAQV'5RA^ASUVT i dr., 18 sv., Zagreb 1904.-1990., TH3'G&'W:S3'GEl&'TO;3'G23'.AWA'AY'.8[<@&'#(45.-<25(serviensek&'TO;3'EEfElm'kg?AT&'V\Z3.5631, str. 248.
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\<ARVQ\JA'A]'SV:'[Q=UA?\&'O='X;\`='`;=WAQVUV[V'T\'TRVO;V?='HAI='AUA'RV?Q='W;\IOH=?:'analognima sloju iobagiones castri, te ona smatra da je novi termin 7.90I59<56 koji se `:QVHA:'\'W;\X:Q'`:U:HA[A' 123' TO3'HAI='?:HV'W=?:RA?V[AQV' ATO:X' OA`V'rTU:9:W?QVSVL'negoli znak novonastalih društvenih razlika u djelovanju.15
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;AQ='?=X:UA'S;=?=R'V?VUA<A;VOA'`:HAQ=T?='`:WVOVS=':';:HAIJV?TSAR'`;=WAQVU[ARV'FS:Q=' \<ARVR' SV:' SUVTA^V?' `;ARQ=;' TUVH:?TS:X' `;=WAQVU?:X' `U=RTOHV' :`J=?AO:K&'`:O;=9?:' Q=' WVOA' ?=S='`;=UARA?V;?='?V`:R=?=&' S:Q='R:X\'\^A?AOA' `;=O`:TOVHS\':'`;:ATOQ=[V?Q\'`;=WAQVU?A]'`U=RAJV'A<'iobagiones castri'`;:9U=RVOA^?:R'TVR:R'`:'T=9A&'O='T='R:;VR:'\`AOVOA'Q='UA'r`;=HUVWVHVQ\JA'<VS:?L'R:XV:':9QVT?AOA'HVa?='W;\IOH=?='`:T=9?:TOA'\'`:HAQ=TOA'TUVH:?TS:X'?Aa=X'`U=RTOHV'?V'OVS:'Q=W?:TOVHV?'?V^A?&'AUA&'IO:'Q='HVa?AQ=&'R:a='UA'OVQ'<VSUQ\^VS'9AOA'`;:IA;=?'?V'[Q=U:S\`V?'O=;AO:;AQ'T;=W?Q:HQ=S:H?='5UVH:?AQ=3' :XU=WVR:'UA'̀ :HAQ=T?='A<H:;='FH=JA?:R'AT`;VH=K'̀ :H=<V?='TV'a\`V?VOARV'\'5UVH:?AQA'\'123'A'143'TO:UQ=J\&'QVT?:'Q='WV'iobagiones castri'R:a=R:'`;:?VJA'`;VSOA^SA'TH\XWQ='FAVS:'?AT\'Q=W?VS:'W:9;:'W:S\R=?OA;V?A'\'THVS:R'a\`V?VO\&'`:T=9A[='?V'O=;AO:;AQ\'Q\a?:':W';AQ=S='5VH=K&'W:S'T\'T='7.90I59<06'`:QVHAUA'TVR:'\'`=O'TUVH:?TSA]'ra\`V?VOVL&'OQ3'̀ :AR=?[='\'comitatus''vV<R='F,T=<RA[=K&'7V;AJV&'7V;=I?A[='F7=;<=?[=K&'(:HAIJV'F(:Q[TVK'A'pVX;=9V316'eVWVUQ=&':TAR'(:HAI^V&'S:Q='Q=':TOVU:'`:W'S;VUQ=HTS:R'HUVTOA'TH='W:'S;VQV'143'TO:UQ=JV'FO='^AQA'T\'7.90I59<06 za sada najbolje dokumentirani, jer su izvori o 7.90I59<06'W;\XA]'a\`V?AQV'\'?VQ9:UQ=R'TU\^VQ\';AQ=OSAK&'H=JA?V'W;\XA]'^=OA;AQ\'a\`V?VOV'A'?QA]:HA]'TOV?:H?ASV'`:WH;X?\OV'Q='HUVTOA'pVX;=9V^S='9ATS\`AQ='W:'S;VQV'123'TO:UQ=JV'FSV:'7V;AJ'A'7V;=I?A[V&'VUA':HWQ='R:a=R:';V^\?VOA'A'?V'<VX;=9V^S='iogabiones castri'S:QA'T\'?V`:TUQ=OS\'`:TOVUA'9ATS\`TSA'7.90I59<06c@17'IO:'^A?A'O=ISAR'AUA'^VS'?=R:X\JAR'ATO;VaAHVOA'TVR:'`:'T=9A'TUVH:?TS:'`;=WAQVU?:'`U=RTOH:'\'123'A'143'TO:UQ=J\'\'?=[;SH=?AR'FrTHQ=O:H?ARLK':S:U?:TOARV318
!' e3'BUVAJ&'Povijest Hrvata, str. 330.!( eVWV'BUVAJ'Q='ATOVS?\UV'WV'T\'T='̀ ;=WAQVU[A'rQVHAUA'\'TVR:'?=S:UAS:'TUVH:?TSA]'a\`V?AQVL'FPovijest Hrvata,
TO;3'22ZK3'.;AQ=W?:'Q=':HWQ='?V`:R=?\OA'W:WVO?\'`:OH;W\'?VH=W=?:X'\'TU\^VQ\'W:9;:'W:S\R=?OA;V?:X'comitatus #:;VH^V' F#V;g[TVK&' S:QA' Q=' SVT?AQ=' `:TOV:' WAQ=U:R' pVX;=9V^S=' a\`V?AQ=' FHAWAY' B;ATOg&'A ,-./01234( 459<94=<-69&' TO;3' 2D2f2D4K&' XWQ='R:a=R:'?VJA'R?:X:'`:WVOVSV':'R:;VH^V?TSAR' iobagiones castri OAQ=S:R'123'A'143'TO:UQ=JV&'VUA'?ARVU:':'`;=WAQVU[ARV3
!) e:&':?A'<VX;=9V^SA'iobagiones castri S:QA'T\'T='O;V?Td:;RA;VUA'\'OVS:<HV?\'r`U=RAJS\'<VQ=W?A[\'6\;:`:-UQVL'\'SVT?:R'T;=W?Q=R'HAQ=S\&'^A?A'T='WV'T\'V?VU:X?A'?V'?=SA'?V^A?'T'F?=[;SH=?ARK'`;=WAQVU?AR'`U=R-TOH:R'Q\a?:':W';AQ=S=');VH=&'AVS:'Q=':H\'̀ ;=O`:TOVHS\'̀ :O;=9?:'Q:I'̀ :OS;AQ=`AOA'WVUQ?QAR'ATO;VaAHV?Q=R3'.AWAY'5<=9=;>?@A&'%0/065(4B?B663104((u tisku).
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naturales servientes nostros regales ultra Dravam constitutos),20'O='WV'T\'?QA]:H='`:HUVTOA[='`:OH;WAUA'A'V?a\HA?TSA'HUVWV;A3'e:&'12C23'comitatus'(:HAIJ=&'S:QA'Q='W:'O:X'O;=?\OSV'9A:'\' S;VUQ=HTS:Q' HUVTOA&' `;=UV<A' \' ;\S=' THQ=O:H?A]'H=UASVIV&' SVWV' Q=' S;VUQ'yAXR\?W'WV:'O\'S;VUQ=HTS\'W:R=?\'#V;OA?\')=;T\':W'5<=;WV]=U@V' A' ?Q=X:H:R'9;VO\&' A<' ^=XV' Q='9\S?\:'W\XA'r;VOL'A<R=_\'?:HA]'HUVT?ASV'A';:HAIJV?TSA]'`;=WAQVUV[V&'S:QA'T\'T='9:;AUA'`;:OAH':`VT?:TOA'TH:XV'T;:<VHV?QV'?V'TOVO\T'T=UQVSV321'0'THVS:R'TU\^VQ\&'W:XV_VQARV'A<R=_\':H='WHAQ='O:^S='`;=S;=O?A[='FS:Q='T\'T='`:SV<VU='SV:':WU\^\Q\J='\'`:HAQ=TOA';:HAIJV?TSA]'TOV?:H?ASVK'̀ :TH=J=?:'Q='RV?Q='̀ Va?Q='\';=U=HV?O?:Q']ATO:;A:X;VcQA&22 iako `:WV[A'A<'143'TO3':THAQ=OUQVHVQ\'R?:X='VT`=SO='T'S:QARV'UVSI='`:^A?Q=R:';V<\RAQ=HVOA'W;\IOH=?:f`:HAQ=T?='VT`=SO='S:QA'T\'9AUA'̀ ;AT\O?A'OAQ=S:R'r?=TOVQV?QVL'TOV;A]'TUVH:?TSA]'a\`V?VOV'OAQ=S:R'SVT?:X'T;=W?Q=X'HAQ=SV3
pT:UW:T&'z;NSNT'AT`8?T8X:S'V<'t;`8WfS:;9V?'heVTUQ=W?='a\`V?AQ='\'W:9V'+;`VW:HAJVj&'Aktualitások a /9129.(4B?374;.4=:9:-6Z98. 8(/0/;.59/(A.56:J($2=<9(aFDWDE_QQGc(he:H:TOA'\'ATO;VaAHV?QARV'RV_V;TS:X'srednjovjekovlja. 8(/0/;.59/'7@\U='B;ATOV' F1C2C3fDZZ43Kj& ur. Márta Font, Tamás Fedeles i Gergely BATT&' >[T' DZ1Z3&' TO;3' E2fCD&' :HWQ=' TO;3' l2flnK&' ?=WH:TRATU=?:' T='`:OH;_\Q='WV' A?TOAO\[AQV'?=[;SH=?A]'FO:^?AQ='S;VUQ=HTSA]K'`;=WAQVUV[V'?AQ='`:TO:QVUV'\'O:R='WAQ=U\'5UVH:?AQ='`;AQ='<VW?Q='^=OH;OA?='123'TO:UQ=-JV3'e=S='?V<?VS='T\X=;A;VQ\'WV'`:HAQ=TO' OA]&' ;=SUA'9A&'TOV;A]'`;=WAQVUV[V&' OAQ=S:R'H;=R=?V'HUVWVHA?='+;`VW:HAJV'R:a='9AOA'T\`;:OTOVHUQ=?V'`;:[=T\';V?='\XV;TS=':;XV?A<V[AQ='\'5UVH:?AQA3'F6:'TVR'`AOV?Q=':9;VWA:'\'W=OVUQ='\'<VTVWV'Q:I'?=:9QVHUQ=?:R'^UV?S\&'HAWAY'789:;'5<=9=;>?@A&''?<9,J859(/016?0.,0?360(36(9(L6?9Z9I(/9129.(7.0I5-<56;4N(h-;XV?A<A;V?Q='5UVH:?AQ='A'rTU:9:W?A'\XV;TSA'`;=WAQVU[ALjK3'
!% Pesty, #?(0<:\8:( .315(,-./01234@(sv. 2, str. 292-297; Pesty, #(/9129.;.6?-15(,-.567-86-1;4, str. 389-397; Csánki, AB.B6/0120&'TO;3'1D1m'*:TA`'k\O\;V[&'e;,5K06:(+;,5hi9&'(:HAIJ='DZZ23'FW;\X:'A<WV?Q=&'̀ ;H:'Q=':9QVH-UQ=?:'1CEG3K&'TO;3'1Cf44m'*:TA`'+WVR^=S,'(:HAIJV?TSA'`;=WAQVU[A&'V56:;.5K645(?Z;.854, god. 29-30, Zagreb 1976.-1977., str. 151-159; Elemér Mályusz, j651/;8I(45.-<2(=.9</9(>9129.;.6?-1;8(FWkPEFGWP( [Vlada-HA?V'S;VUQV'yAXR\?WV'\'0XV;TS:Q'12lE3f142E3j&'k\WV`=TO'1Cl43&'TO;3'122f12Gm't;`8W'egX;8W@&'+'5<=;-WV]=U@A=S'>T'V';:Q[TVA'`;=WA8UAT:S'h5<=;WV]=U@TSA' A';:HAIJV?TSA'`;=WAQVU[Aj&'*B.:380</5('?0/<0, sv. 1-2, k\WV`=TO'DZZ13&'TO;3'E2flDm't;`8W'egX;8W@&'-9AO=UQ'5<=;WV]=U@A'A'(:HAIJ=&'\Y'V.,9:64;E/9l9.645(;I8;65(FFQ_HEFDFkH(jZ;.854(.9I;,9, ur. Milan Kruhek, Zagreb 2004., str. 65-73.
#& V9?95(;4/-82:-.H();I0C(I57<;/9:5S=6(79:.5=6&'`;A;3' $R;='eVX@'=O'VU3&'l'TH3&'7@w;'b'k\WV`=TO'1lnG3f1lC13&'TH3'E&'W:S3'121&'TO;3'1EDf1E23' :O;=9?:'Q='?VXUVTAOA'WV'Q='*:TA`'+WVR^=S'AT`;VH\'S;VUQV'!VWATUVHV'$.3'WV?V'(:HAIJV?[ARV'FA'TV^\HV?\'\'R?:XAR'verbatim'S:`AQVRV'A'?=S:UAS:'`;=`ATV?A]':9UASV&'HAWAY' ;AU:XK'SUVTA-c[A;V:'SV:'S;AH:OH:;A?\&'9=<'ASVSH:X':9QVI?Q=?QV'F+WVR^=S&'+;,5hi98645(7.0I5K9<S5&'TO;3'1G2K3'e:&'RV_V;-TSV'WA`U:RVOASV'TRVO;V'Q='V\O=?OA^?AR'A<H:;:R3'F-9;VWAO'J\'?VH=W=?A'`;:9U=R'\'W=OVUQ='\TS:;:3K'.AWAY'+0106:9(.01=/(6:5.756(#.79I59890(S.5:5S;EI57<;/9:5S9H(#?(m.7-IU-?5(45.-<2;4(;4<0,0<05804(4.5:5495(K012?340(FWVUQ=Y'(=X3'+;`3K&'`;A;3'$R;='5<=?O`>O=;@'A'$H8?'k:;TV&'TH3'$f$$M1f4&'k\WV`=TO'1CD23f1ClE3&'9;3'DCEZfDCEDm'B;ATOg&'#(,-./01234(459<94=<-69&'TO;3'214&'A'TH\'RV_V;TS\'UAO=;VO\;\'A<'`;=O]:W?='9AUQ=IS=3'
#! +WVR^=S&'+;,5hi98645(7.0I5K9<S5, str. 155-158; Mályusz, j651/;8I(45.-<2, TO;3'122f12Gm'egX;8W@&'#('?0.I9EU0<2504, str. 78-81; Buturac, e;,5K06:(+;,5hi9, str. 41-44.
## Pesty (#?(0<:\8:(.315(,-./01234, sv. D&'TO;3'DC2K'A'+WVR^=S'F+;,5hi98645(7.0I5K9<S5, str. 154) citiraju samo ?=S:UAS:'A<V9;V?A]'AT`;VHV'\';V<W:9UQ\'A<R=_\'1DEC3f12C23&'W:S'Q='k\O\;V['Fe;,5K06:(+;,5hi9, str. 25-34) TVR:'W:?A:'`:`AT'AT`;VHV'9=<'ASVSH='A?O=;`;=OV[AQ=3'
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!"#$%&'()#*iogabiones castri i praediales prije 1279. godine
y\`V?VO'Fcomitatus castriK'(:HAIJV&'SV:'A':?A'TUA^?A'?Q=R\'\'5UVH:?AQA&'\'?VIAR'T='A<H:;ARV'QVHUQV':W'T;=WA?='123'TO:UQ=JV&23'\'`;A9UAa?:'ATO:R'O;=?\OS\'SVWV'T=';:HAIJV?-ski iobagiones castri'QVHUQVQ\'\T`:;=W?:'T'`;=WAQVU[ARV3
7:WA?='1DGG3&' SVWV' Q=' TUVH:?TSA'9V?'5OQ=`V?':W' ;:WV'7\OS=U=W'a=UA:'`:H;VOAOA'?=`;VH=W?:' :O\_=?=' <=RUQ=' (:HAIJV' \' ?QA]:H:' `;H:O?:' TOV?Q=&' \Q=W?:' Q=' ?V;=WA:'H;VJV?Q='SVTO;=?<V'Fcastrenses, ,-.83704K&'S:QA'T\'T='?=<VTU\a=?:'?VIUA'\?\OV;'X;\`V'iobagiones castri' AUA'`;=WAQVUV[V&'?V'?QA]:H='`;H:O?='rTU:9:W=L3'6VS:_=;' Q='`:OH;WA:'^UV?:HARV'O='WHAQ='X;\`='F\SUQ\^\Q\JA'A'^=OH:;A[\'U;675:06&'S:QA'T\'`;AQ='O:XV'W:WV?A'redu iobagiones castriK'?QA]:H'TOVO\T&'IO:'AR'XV'Q='WV:'rS;VUQ'B:U:RV?L324 Iste je godine 9V?'5OQ=`V?'`:OH;WA:'`;VH:'W;aV?QV'<=RUQ=':?AR'rTU:9:W?QV[ARVL'F<5Z0.;6(U;/5806) S:Q='Q='?VIV:'R=_\'`U=R=?AOAR'Q:9VXA:?ARV'(:HAIJV&'V'S:QA'T\'TH:Q='`:TQ=W='W;aVUA'kao iobagiones castri, isto tako još od vremena Kolomana.25'*\;IV&';:HAIJV?TSA'a\`V?'(comes, 567-8) dao je 1262. neku zemlju (terra A<;4;SU0=SU), koja je bila unutar granica \OH;W=&'a\`V?\' ;HIA&26'S:QA'Q=&'SVS:'TV<?VQ=R:'A<'S;VUQ=HTS='`:OH;W='WV;:HV?QV&'W;-aV:'`:TQ=W'TV'TU\a9VRV'?V'r?V^A?'`;=WAQVUV[VL327
)HAQ='AT`;VH='b'Q=W?V'S;VUQV'k=U='$.3':W'DE3'TAQ=^?QV'1DnG3'A'W;\XV'9V?V'(:UV?WV':W'D43'UA`?QV'1DnG328'b'QVT?AQ=';VTHQ=OUQVHVQ\':W?:T='A<R=_\'iobagiones castri'A'`;=WAQVUV[V'(:HAIJV'\';V<W:9UQ\'`;AQ='1DEC3'X:WA?=3'B;VUQ=HTSV'AT`;VHV'`;=T\WAUV'Q='\'T`:;\'A<-R=_\'a\`V?{'F|K'(:HAIJV'FH=J'T`:R=?\O:X'*\;I='A'?Q=X:HA]'T\;VW?ASV'S:QA'T='OVS:_=;'nazivaju S;/5:06(I0(+2=SU0c29'T'Q=W?='TO;V?='A'T'W;\X='rTU:9:W?A]'\XV;TSA]'`;=WAQVUV-ca” i iobagiones castri'(:HAIJV'F7.0I59<06(<5Z0.;6(V=819.;6(,5I0<5S0:(0:(5;Z915;806(S96:.5(I0(+2=SU0K'<9:X'`;VHV'?V'<VUV<?A?\'FdescensusK'S:Q\'T\'`:O:?QA'W\X:HVUA'a\`V?ARV&'V'S;VUQ'k=UV'Q=':W;=WA:'SVS:'J='T='\'9\W\J?:TOA';Q=IVHVOA':HVSHA'T`:;:HA3' ;=RV'S;V-UQ=HTS:Q':W;=W9A&'DG'`;=WAQVUV[V'R:;VU:'Q='`UVOAOA':?:UAS\'TH:O\'<VUV<?A?='FE'RV;VSVK&'S:UAS:'T\'`UVJVUA'`;AQ='W:S'T\'9;:QAUA'nZ'^UV?:HV&30'V'a\`V?ARV'?AQ='W:<H:UQ=?:'O;VaAOA'
# B;ATOg&'#(,-./01234(459<94=<-69&'TO;3'2123'eVIA'`;HA'`:WV[A':'HUVTOA'?VW'OH;WAR'X;VW:HARV'FSV:'A':'iobaEgiones castriK'(:HAIJV'Q='A<'1D2D3'X:WA?='F,) 3, dok. 323, str. 369). Prvi 7.90I59<56'A<'(:HAIJV'QVHUQV'T='\'izvorima iz 1255. godine (CD 4, dok. 514, str. 597).
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mes Junuš, magister Tyburcius (koji se drugdje u tekstu navodi kao comes), ,$#,'8!- Erney (drugdje magister@9!Q=C5$&)!"!`&:9!(%&J&!#$+B5) =+4!H $&)&!` ) I&9!comes Le-ustak46!"!^PE ,&9!#")!8%&4&)&3!a#$+%5-"B+!,"!=5!-'"C5!4% $59!'"-,C"'+!C5!-&!# !#&B+!$%5-#=&')"E"!4% $5!$%5-"C&,&E&!6$%5B-&!)5!#'"!+-!)C"D@!"B&,"!)5:&:&'!5$"=5=!:+C"!"D!C5!5:#:, ."')+!$+'5."'&+!#!)5:"B!+(,":+B!-% I='5)+4!$%5#="H&!62'(#*@%(01!*-#$). To =&:+A5%!$+='%A C5!-&!# !iobagiones castri!"!$%5-"C&,E"!*+'"IJ&!(","!)&!-% 4"B!%&.")&B&! !#=&= #)+C!D"C5%&%D"C"!$%"C5!/0?<3!4+-")53
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&0"#)-%0"*A/#%!/$!*.!2-!')#%2'(!-!*%.#%34/2&#@!-+.'+,C&'&!c!)&!(&."!-% 459!'5J!#$+B5-) =59!"#$%&'5!#&!#,"K)"B!#&-%H&C5B9!"&:+!#5!=&!+-)+#"!)&!$%5-"C&,E5!c!-&!$%+= B&K"-B+!=5%B")!F)+(","#G!#!=5%B")+B!F$%&5-"&,"#G948!&,"!( - J"!-&!)"#B+! #$C5,"!$+(,"H5!"-5)="ME"%&="!H $&)&!`&:+'&!".!-% 4"D!".'+%&9!+'-C5!B+H5B+!.&$&."="!#&B+!$%'"!$ =!$+C&' !=5%B")&!F%+'"IJ&)#:"!$,5B"J"G3!
# 78!29!-+:3!<<?9!#=%3!2>29!-+:3!0/9!#=%3!2?0d!78!19!-+:3!2;9!#=%3!1W3!V!O5%ED") !'"-"R!S+4,Y%:&!e5"#.9!f&-B&%&"#$Y)+:!&.!g%$Y-h:+%(&)!ij $&)"!:+B+%)"E"!6comites camerae@! !-+(&!k%$&-+'"J&l9!Turul, sv. 83, S -&$5#=!0N/N39!#=%3!?<h;?!6+'-C5!#=%3!;W@3
## CD 5, dok. 24, str. 574-576.#' X5J")&! C5! )C"D! "-5)="K)&! #! +)"B! iobagiones castri 6e.B5ED9! ^P,59! ^+PE5)9! L,+(5,ED9! _P(+,-9!
#")!L $:&9! !'"01!')#*% #!/*.#(%20*-$!%.#%34:#2&#@9!:+C5!'+-5!H $&)"! ` %&C9! #")!^&%:&! "! ` %I&9!:+C"! #5!$+C&',C C ! $%5-!]&.B&)#:"B!:&$=+,+B!:&:+! ("! $+='%-","! : $+') ! "#$%&' ! %+'"IJ&)#:+4!$%5-"C&!(,$#.!/() 1266. godine (CD 5, dok. 887, str. 418).
#( ^+4 J5!C5!-&!C5!"#=+'C5=&)!#&!H $&)+B!\5 #=&:+B9!#")+B!X"-&9!:+C"!C5!: $"+!%+'"IJ&)#:"!,$#.!/(%od H $&)& Pangraciusa (,$#.!/(%*//(%E ';'2#2&%/'20-/(%!)%34:2&#) 1266. godine (CD 5, dok. 887, str. 417).
#) CD 6, dok. 81, str. 94-95.#! X"-"!$+#5("E5!b%&.5!".!"#$%&'5!:%&,C&!S5,5!ZX3!".-&)5!$%"C5!#$+B5) =+B!S5)I"9!#") !U":+,59!&! !:+C+C!C5!
$+='%-"+!"#$%&' !(&)&!*+,&)-&!".!/0113!4+-")5R!-#$$0(%,'**!.#$#%!)%#0.#(% !"#$-0-#@%A/0%0 !!%,$#.!0 #*%,#$%nos ordinati ibidem terras tenent (CD 5, dok. 881, str. 410).
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rezultatom.53!V-4+'+%!,5H"! !)5 C5-)&K5)+C!-% I='5)+C!$+'"C5#="!K5=%)&5#=+#=+,C5=)"D!$+=+B&:&!%+'"IJ&)#:"D!iobagiones castri!"!$%5-"C&,&E&!:+C"!# !.&C5-)+!-+(","!$%"'",54"C!1279. godine.
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bagiones castri eiusdem@9!+'5!'5%."C5!#$+B")C !:+):%5=)5!+#+(5!6:+C5!#5!#$+B")C !+$5=!)5I=+!:&#)"C59! !:,& . ,"!:+C&!$+K")C5!#!%"C5K"B&!#C2#,-!*%0$-!2/ !*% !)%A/!"/*), na koje #5!$%"'",54"C!*,#2!0 !-#$%odnosi.56!Q&-&9!$%+B+=%"B+!,"!# -(") !K5="%"!%&.,"K"=5!'5%."C5!$%"'",54"C&!".!/0?<3!"! #$+%5-"B+!C5!#!-% 4"B!".'+%"B&!+!#=&)+')"E"B&!%+'"IJ&)#:+4!H $&)&=&! !/W3!#=+,C5J 957!B+H5B+!-+J"!-+!.&)"B,C"'"D!.&:,C K&:&3!
' O%5B&! g%$Y- ! UT4%Y-PC 9! "&:+! # ! *+'"IJ&)E"! F".4 (","! (+%( G! $%+="'! '5,5$+#C5-)":&! 685%#MC"! ".!Q.5%-&D5,PC&@9!"$&:!)"# !#%+.&)"!)&!%&)4!#5,C&I='&!"!(","!# !#$+#+()"!&-&$="%&="!#5!)&!)+'59!-5M)"="')+!)5$+'+,C)5!+:+,)+#="9! $%&'+!.(+4!=+4&!C5%!# !)C"D+'5!:+%"#="!$%+".,&.",5!".!#=&%"D!$%"'",54"C&3!UT4%Y-P9!7%O8#$.0&# 4!#;9! #=%3! ?;h;/3! Q!-% 45! #=%&)59! `+#"$!k-&BK5:! #B&=%&!-&! C5!$+(C5-&!85%#MC&! K")",&!-&!%+'"IJ&)#:+!F$,5B5)"=+!-% I='+G!)5#=&)5!-+!#%5-")5!/23!#=+,C5J&3!a#$3!k-&BK5:9!3':!PG0)*;!%,$#.!F0 2!, str. 155-158.
'# U&-&,C59!:&-&!#$+B")C5B!=5!K5="%"!'5%."C59!+.)&K"+!#&B!"D!#,+'"B&!6kh8@3!V(C&',C5)"!=5:#=+'"!# R!"#$%&'&!kR!<080!%H;(9)4-9$9!#'3!?9!-+:3!/>/9!#=%3!/?0h/?>d!"#$%&'&!SR!<080!%H;(9)4-9$, sv. 7, dok. 132, str. 173-174, CD 19!-+:3!0?/9!#=%3!>0Wh>02!c!QB"K":,&#+'+!".-&)C5!C5! !+'+B!#, K&C !)5$+=$ )+!"!(",C5I:5!# !B !)5$%5-E".)59!'"-"R!*54. k%$.9!(%3!0<?/d!"#$%&'&!7R!78 19!-+:3!0?;9!#=%3!>>0d!"#$%&'&!8R!*543!k%$39!#'3!09!(%3!0<;<9!#=%3!0W>h0WW!6$ )"!=5:#=d!(",C5I:5!ZB%5&!Q.5)=$q=5%PC&!# !#5!+'-C5!"#=+!$+:&.&,5!)5$%5E".)"B&@3!X"-"!O%",+4!.&!'"I5!-5=&,C&3!O+=%5()+!C5!)&$+B5) ="!-&!#5!`+#"$!k-&BK5:!$+."'&+!#&B+!)&!-'"C5!+-!K5="%"!"#$%&'&!6S!"!7@9!&,"!"D!C5!(5.!":&:'&!+(C&I)C5)&!$%":&.&+!:&+!:%"'+='+%")5!/W3!#=+,C5J&3!a#$3!k-&BK5:9!3':!PG0)*;!%,$#.!F0 2!, str. 153.
55 S - J"!-&!C5!.&-)C&!")b+%B&E"C&!+!U":+,"!:&+!H $&) !*+'"IJ&! $%&'+! !"#$%&'"!k!6'"-"R!L#+,-+#9!D01406$'$*891%:! 91%0$2&')-' Q1!9F0, #=%3!/;;@9!%5,&="')&!:%+)+,+4"C&!".B5A !+'+4!=5:#=&!"!+#=&,"D!=%"!C5!)5+-%5-"'&3!ZB%5!Q.5)=$q=5%P!C5!-&="%&+!#'5!K5="%"!'5%."C5! !)5:"!=%5) =&:!".B5A !,"$)C&!"!:+,+'+.&!/0?<3!4+-")53!*543!k%$39!(%3!0<?Nh0<?09!0<;<3!Z#=+!C5!=&:+!)5C&#)+!:&:+!"#$%&'&!678!19!-+:3!0?>9!#=%3!>01h>0?@!(&)&!U":+,5!(N. quondam banus@!+-!%+-&
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O%'+9!$+=%5()+!C5!$%5=D+-)+!)&4,&#"="!-&!#5!$%"C5)+#!=5:#=&! !K5="%"!'5%."C5!:%&-,C5'#:+4!$%"'",54"C&!.)&K&C)+!%&.,": C5358!k =5)="K)&9!verbatim!:+$"C&!+$J5)"=+!b+%B -,"%&)+4!$%"'",54"C&!:%&,C&!\&-"#,&'&!ZX3!:+C"!)5!-+)+#"!"B5)&9!#&K '&)&!C5! !#&B+!C5--)+B!$%"C5$"# !".-&)+B!/>003!4+-")5359!aC5-)+!C5!%"C5K!+!)&C#=&%"C+C!#&K '&)+C!:+$"C"!"!)5B&B+!$+-&=:5!+!(",+!:+C+C!-% 4+C!#&K '&)+C!b+%B"!+'5!"#$%&'5!:+C !C5!".-&+!:%&,C!Karlo I.60!Q!-% 45!#=%&)59!"#$%&'5!7!"!8!#&K '&)5!# !#&B+! ! )":&=)"B!verbatim!$%"C5-$"#"B&3!U&# $%+=!=+B59!B)+4"!#:%&J5)"!$%"C5$"#"!"#$%&'5!k!"!S9!:&+!"!)C"D+'5!verbatim =%&)#:%"$E"C5!# !:&#)"C5!(",5!(%+C)59!$+4,&'"=+!.(+4!#'+C5!K5#=5! $+=%5(5! !- 4+=%&C-)"B!(+%(&B&!".B5A !+("=5,C"!85%#M!"!%+'"IJ&)#:"D!$%5-"C&,&E&!)&:+)!/><>3!4+-")53!U+9!%&.,"K"="!F:&#)"C"!H"'+=G!+'"D!"#$%&'&!("+!C5!%5. ,=&=+B!=+4&!=:+!"D!C5!"!:&-&!:+%"-#="+!:&+!%5b5%5)E !:&:+!("!+#"4 %&+!$%&'&!$+-"C5,C5)&!+%"4")&,)"B!$%"'",54"C5B3
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+!4% $"!iobagiones castri.64!U&-&,C59!=5!4% $5!:+C5!C5-'&!B+H5B+!$%&="="!)5# B)C"'+!#5!%&.,": C !+-!$%5=D+-)+!#$+B5) =5!4% $5!F%+'"IJ&)#:"D!$,5B"J&G3
Q"4 %)+!C5!-&!C5!Z'&)9!#")!O&',&9!$+#="4&+!)&C.)&K&C)"C !:&%"C5% !+-!#'"D!K,&)+'5!4% $5!F%+'"IJ&)#:"D!$,5B"J&G!#$+B5) ="D!/>003!4+-")53!S"+!C5!:&I=5,&)!f+$%"')"E5!od 1327.,65!-%H&+!C5!#, H( !H $&)&!*+'"IJ&!+-!/>0<3!-+!/>W03!4+-")5366!U5 $"=)+!C5!-&!C5!b%&.&!F%+'"IJ&)#:"!$,5B"JG! !#, K&C !Z'&)&!+.)&K&'&,&!$ )+$%&')+4!K,&)&!#,&'+)-#:+4!$,5B#='&9!(5.!":&:'5!# B)C59!I=+!C5!$+='%A5)+!K")C5)"E+B!-&!4&!"#$%&'&!(&)&!^":E&!".-&)&!/13!% C)&!/>0?3!)&'+-"!B5A !$,5B"J"B&!:%&,C5'#='&!6B"#,5J"!$%"=+B!)&!Q,&'+)"C @!:+C"!# !$%"#=&,"!6de consensu nobilium regni@!".'"C5#="="!$+( )C5)5!S&(+)"J5!+!$+#,C5-"E&B&!)C"D+'5!:%"')C59!:+C !# ! K")","!$%+="'!:%&,C&!f&%,&367!j $&) Z'&)!$+='%--"+!C5!/<3!:+,+'+.&!/>>/3!)&$ I=5) !.5B,C !s.:5%&9!:+C&!#5!)&,&.",&! ) =&%!comitatus *+'"IJ&9!#")+'"B&!S5, -&9!U":+,"9!a%(&) !"!S&%=+, d!.5B,C&!C5!(",&!# #C5-)&!.5B,C"!Jakova Malog (Parvus@9!:&+!"!$+#C5- !X&,=5%&9!#")&!S,&H&!c!+)"D!:+C"!# !#$+B5) ="! !:%&,C5'#:+C!"#$%&'"!".!/>003!4+-")5368 Nikola i Bartol, sinovi Beluda, kada su zamije-)","!#'+C5!.5B,C5!"#$%5-!L&4%5(&K:+4!:&$=+,&9!=&:+A5%!# !#$+B5) ="!c!C5-)&:+!:&+!što je i njihov otac bio – kao )'"! #*%.#%.!*-$!2-/%3#/2&#.69 No, najbolje dokumentiran K,&)!4% $5!".!/>003!.&#"4 %)+!C5!`&:+'!^&,"!6#")!^"D+'",&@70!"!)C54+'"!$+=+BE"9!:+C"!# !)&.'&)"!f+)C#:"!$%5B&!#'+C5B!#%5-"I)C5B!"!)&C'&H)"C5B!$+#C5- ! !f+)C#:+B71 6:+C"!C5!/0?23!-&)!)C"D+'"B!$%5E"B&9!comites Kemenu i Bathaleru, koji su bili nagra-A5)"!.&!#'+C !'+C) !#, H( !.&!:%&,C&!\&-"#,&'&!ZX3!:&+!?0(! !0$#*!$&,&=")&!U":+,5!+-!
:+C"!# !-5M)"%&,"!4%&)"E5!$+#C5-&!6-+:!# !S5)5-":=!"!O%"(5)!=&:+A5%!$+#C5-+'&,"!.5B,C ! !# #C5-#=' !S5, -+'"D!#")+'&@3!a#$3!78!<9!-+:3!W109!#=%3!2?Nh2?/3!j $&) O&'&+!)&%5-"+!C5!%+'"IJ&)#:+B!comes terre6stris!-&!"B!$+='%-"!',&#)"I='+!)&-!.5B,C+B9!:+C5!# !$%5=D+-)+!-%H&)5!#!F$%5-"C&,)"B!$%&'"B&G!678!/N9!-+:3!WW?9!#=%3!1>/h1>0@3!X%"C5-)+!C5!+'-C5!#$+B5) ="!-&!"#$%&'5!%+'"IJ&)#:"D!H $&)& ".!$%'5!$+,+'"E5!/W3!#=+,C5J&9!:+C5!K5#=+!#$+B")C&)C !comites terrestris!*+'"IJ&!6^V\9!8m!00;WW/d!78 9, dok. 462, str. 570, -+:3!WW?9!#=%3!1>/9!-+:3!W?09!#=%3!11W@!$%+= %C5K5!m%"4P5# !O5#=PC !:+C"! C5!#B&=%&+!-&!="C5:+B!$%+E5#&!)5#=&C&)C&!%+'"IJ&)#:+4!H $&)&=&!F)5:&-&I)C"!H $&)"!6comites) više nisu bili :9$!*,9)';9!'5J!# !$+#=&,"!comites terrestres, tj. administratori” (Pesty, 78%# -=)-%$>1!%:9$(#14>;9!#'3!09!#=%3!0<>@3!^+H5B+!%5J"!-&!C5!# -(")&!+'"D!-'"C 9!'%,+!%&.,"K"="D!")#="= E"C&!"I,&! !'%,+!%&.,"K"="B!#BC5%+'"B&R!#, H(&!%+'"IJ&)#:+4!H -$&)&!$%'+!C5!$%+'".+%)+!$+'5.&)&!#&!#, H(+B!:&I=5,&)&!f+$%"')"E59!&!$+=+B!:&#)"C5!H $&)+B f%"H5-vaca, dok originalni comitatus!*+'"IJ&!c!#$+B5) =!#'5!K5IJ5!:&+!C5-)+#=&')"!F+:% 4G! ) =&%!=5%"=+%"C&!f%"H5'&K:5!H $&)"C5!c!)"C5!:+)&K)+!)5#=&+9!&!=&:+!"#=+!"!%+'"IJ&)#:&!#, H(&9!)&:+)!I=+!C5!$+#=5$5)+!$+#=&C&,&!#'5!B&)C5!#&B+#=&,)&d!.&-)C"!C5!$ =!#$+B5) =&!/>?N3!4+-")5!6o)45,9!7$2&')-' Q1!0, sv. 1, #=%3!02?@3!Q!-% 45!#=%&)59!#,"C5-!%+'"IJ&)#:"D!comites terrestres više je ili manje kontinuirano nastavljen +-!/>3!-+!/23!#=+,C5J&3
(# ZB&B+!$+-&=:5!+!$%"C&I)C"B!.5B,C&B&!)5:&-&I)C"D!iobagiones castri u tome razdoblju (samo jednom />W/3@R!-#$$!*%X'1.0)!%#-%Z 2&!);%A/').0(%!'"01!')/(%20*-$!%.#%34/2&#%(CD 10, dok. 431, str. 611).
(' CD 9, dok. 296, str. 359.(( MOL, DF 228 441, DL 33 367; CD 9, dok. 458, str. 567, dok. 461-462, str. 569-570; CD 10, dok. 447, str. 631,
dok. 472, str. 664.() CD 9, dok. 296, str. 359.(! CD 9, dok. 462, str. 570; CD 11, dok. 405, str. 535; CD 12, dok. 278, str. 371.(" CD 12, dok. 21, str. 25-26.)$ CD 11, dok. 373, str. 492; CD 15, dok. 295, str. 405.)% X"-"R!k-&BK5:9!3':!PG0)*;!%,$#.!F0 2!9!#=%3!/2>h/2W3!L&=+!C5%!# !K5#="E5!.5B,C5!$+#C5-+'&,"! !X&%&H-")#:+C!
H $&)"C"9!$+)5:&-!#5!"#=+!)&."'&C !.#%W# )42&0 (CD 11, dok. 312, str. 414; CD 12, dok. 386, str. 501).
#'
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ft#.54&@372!8+B")":9!#")!`&:+'&!c!:+C"!#5!$+C&',C C5! !"#$%&'&B&!+-!K5=%-5#5="D!4+--")&!/W3!#=+,C5J&!:&+!$%5-&)"!$%"#=&I&!:%&,C&!\ -+'":&!Z3!X5,":+4973!$+:&.&+!#5!#,"K)+! #$C5I)"B! ! #=C5E&)C !$+#C5-&! !)&-+,&.5J"B!-5#5=,C5J"B&974! &!)C54+' ! # !$%&:# !#,"C5-","!)C54+'"!#")+'"!:%&C5B!#=+,C5J&375
f&%&:=5%!F$,5B#='&G!+%"4")&,)5!4% $5!:+C&!#5!$+C&'",&!/>003!B+H5!#5!$%":&.&="!)&C,&:I5!c!$+!E"C5) !)5:"D!45)5%&,".&E"C&!c!$%5:+!)5:+,":+!$%"BC5%&!$+'5.&)"D!#!8+-B")":+B9!#")+B!`&:+'&!^&,+43! Z#$%&'&!\ -+'":&!Z3!X5,":+49! ".-&)&!/>3! ,"#=+$&-&!/>2139!)&4,&I&'&!-&!K5#="E&!.5B,C59!.'&)&!N8;4$?# .#,76!:+C&!C5!)5:+J!$%"$&-&,&! ='%-"!*+'"IJ5!6terra castri@9!$+#'5!C5!%"C5I5)&!'+C)5!#, H(5!%+'"IJ&)#:+C! ='%-"!-+'"C5:&9!=5!C !C5!8+B")":!$+#C5-+'&+!#!+)+B!"#=+B!'%#=+B!$,5B"J:"D!#,+(+-59!#!:+C+B!C5!$+#C5--+'&+!"!#'&:"!-% 4"!#'+C!$+#C5-377
8% 4"!$%"BC5%!6".!$%+#")E&!/>113@!+#'"C5=,C&'&!%&.,":5! !$%5#="H !".B5A !F$,5B"J&G!8+B")":&! "!)5:"!-% 4"D!$+#C5-)":&9! =C3! iobagiones castri! 6u@!*+'"IJ&)#:+4!F-"#=%":=&G3!Z#$%&'&! :+C ! # ! ".-&,"! \&-"#,&'9! #")! Z'&)&9! H $&)!f%"H5'&K:5! H $&)"C5! "! *+'"IJ&9! "!Petroslav, sin Marka, comes terrestris!*+'"IJ&9! ".'C5I=&'&!)&#!-&!# ! `&)K5E! "!Q=C5$&)9!#")+'"!Z'&)&9!F$,5B5)"="!iobagiones castri!%+'"IJ&)#:+4!-"#=%":=&G!6nobilibus iobagionibus
20*-$!%.#%.!*-$!2-/%34/2&#@!$%+-&,"!#'+C !K5#="E !.5B,C5!8+B")": 9!#") !`&:+'&!6de eodem
districtu@9!:+C"!#5!+$5=+'&)+! !"#$%&'"!"B5) C5!:&+!magister. Vidimo da se iza ove titule :%"C5!#,"K)&!,+4":&!:&+!"! !$%"C5!#$+B5) ="B!$%"BC5%"B&!".!/>3!#=+,C5J&378
U&$+#,"C5=: 9!"#$%&'&!:%&,C&!j"4B )-&!".!/></39!:+C+B!C5!$+='%-"+!.5B,C"I)5!$+-#C5-5!\&-"#,&'&!"!U":+,59!#")+'&!8+B")":&9!:&+!#'+C !F)+' !-+)&E"C G9!)&'+-"!-&!
)& CD 6, dok. 100, str. 113-115; CD 7, dok. 374, str. 418-419; CD 11, dok. 373, str. 492-493.) f%&,C!\ -+'":!$+='%-"+!C5!/>W;3!$+#C5-!E')!8;0%:&+!#'+C !F)+' !-+)&E"C G!8+B")": 9!2')*!.#$0-!*%J.#6
!-0-!"/*@%*#$$/!2!!*%#-%J.# !/(%*#$/!2!'$/(%,$#2 0$!*%#-%(/ -!('.!*%(#$!-!*%.!2-!%K'(!)!2!%J !!%Y02'"!%,0$/!%J !!%D42&0# !*%.#%34/2&#%J.# !*%)'*-$!%)'"!*%!)%.!/#$*!*%#C,#.!2!')!"/*%$#1)!%)'*-$!%#C&!"!-!*%#-%!(,#)*!* (CD 11, dok. 373, str. 492).
)# CD 11, dok. 240, str. 319-320, dok. 300, str. 393, dok. 312, str. 414, dok. 373-374, str. 492-494, dok. 405, str. 535; CD 12, dok. 230, str. 306-307, dok. 278, str. 371; CD 13, dok. 275, str. 375-376, dok. 422, str. 594-595; CD 14, dok. 1, str. 22-23, dok. 12, str. 24, dok. 15, str. 27-28, dok. 18-19, str. 33-35, dok. 25, str. 41-42. X"-"R!k-&BK5:9!3':!PG0)*;!%,$#.!F0 2!9!#=%3!/2W9!(",C3!/;3!O+=%5()+!C5!)&$+B5) ="!-&!#5!-% 4"!#")!`&:+'&!.#%E')8;09!O5=5%9!$+C&',C C5!/>?N3!:&+!nobilis vir (CD 14, dok. 187, str. 260).
75 CD 14, dok. 187, str. 260; CD 17, dok. 290, str. 395-396, dok. 299, 408-409, dok. 301, str. 410.)( X"-"!4+%5!#$+B5) = !.5B,C 
#(
!"#$%&'("($)*+,-%./(0,1,2%3$(4,56/7,%,%iobagiones castri%8#9,:16%;%<=>%,%<?>%@A#/5(1;Zb. Odsjeka povij. znan. Zavoda povij. druš. znan. Hrvat. akad. znan. umjet., 30 (2012), str. 31-55
se to dogodilo !/C-0%#C#(,-!')#(%0 !0*%.'(!)!%V0.!* 0!%$#1!*%)'"! !-0)-#*@% !"#$-0)-#*%02%0"%
'()!%!/1'%4'"01!')0-/*%20*-$#)*!/(%#C!(#)-#*%)#2)')%!)%#:/(%0"*' :#)-#*.79 8&:,59!#")+'"!8+B")":&!)"# !#5!B+%&,"!(%") ="!:&-&!C5!:%&,C!j"4B )-!-&%+'&+!
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Q -(")&!K,&)+'&!6"!)C"D+'"D!$+=+B&:&@!4% $5!:+C&!#5!#$+B")C5! !+%"4")&,)+B!$%"'",54"C !:%&,C&!\&-"#,&'&!ZX3!$+='%A5)+B!/>003!$+:&. C5!-&!# !+)"!(","!#$+#+()"!c!$%5B&!#&-%H&C !:%&,C5'#:+4!$%"'",54"C&!c! #$C5I)+!#5!$%"-% H"="!:&+!)'"! #*%.#%34/2&# #=%&= B !#,&'+)#:+4!#%5-)C54!$,5B#='&!6;\8)#(#**>1@!="C5:+B!/W3!#=+,C5J&3!X&H)+!C5!)&4,&#"="!-&!=+!)"# ! #$C5,"! K")"="!:&+!F4% $&G!","!F.&C5-)"E&G9!)54+!:%+.!")-"'"- &,-)5!)&K")59!"4%&C J"! #$C5I)+!)&!B+4 J)+#="!:+C5!# !)C"D+'"!$%5E"!-+(","!$%"'",54"C5B!".!/0?<3!4+-")53!U+9!# -(")&!+)"D!:+C"!# !.&=%&H","!:%&,C5'#: !$+='%- !\ -+'":&!Z3!X5,":+4!/>2139!:&+!"!-% 4"D!:+C"!# !C5!:+%"#=","!)&!+#)+'"!#'+C"D!$%&'&! !-% 4+C!$+,+'"-E"!/W3!#=+,C5J&9!C&#)+!+E%=&'&!-&!# !)&'5-5)5!B+4 J)+#="!(",5!'"I5!","!B&)C5!+='+%5)5!.&!#'59!&,"!-&!)"#"!#'"!%+'"IJ&)#:"!#=&)+')"E"!(","! !B+4 J)+#="!:+%"#="="!"D!C5-)&:+B!-C5,+='+%)+IJ 3
f&)E5,&%"C&!:%&,C&!\ -+'":&!Z3!$%5$"#&,&!C5! !=%&')C !/>213!#'5!'5%."C5!$%"'",54"C&!iz 1279. u njegovom A, B i C obliku,82!I=+!C5!)&)+'+!B+%&,+!("="!$+='%A5)+! !#'"()C !/>1W3!C5%!# !'5,":"!:%&,C5'#:"!$5K&=! :%&,"!)5:"!b&B","C&%"!)&-("#: $&!"!:&)E5,&%&!U"-:+,5!="C5:+B!:%&,C5'#:+4!$+D+-&! !S+#)"383
)" CD 17, dok. 303, str. 412; W*!1(').;'$!%'; #:> -9$%i8"$,+B&="K:"!.(+%)":!j"4B )-+'+4!-+(&l!6-&,C5R!L#V@9!/N!#'39!$%"%3!o,5Bq%!^Y,P #.9!Z'Y)!S+%#&!"!U+%(5%=!73!_T=D9!S -&$5#=!/<2/3h0NN<39!#'3!/9!(%3!002?9!#=%3!0W<3
!$ CD 18, dok. 263, str. 377-378.!% ZsO 2, br. 4905-4906, str. 611-612.!& L&$%&'+!)5!.)&B+!$%&'5!%&.,+45!".&!+'5!K")C5)"E53!U+9!,&:+!C5!B+4 J59! !)&CB&)C !% : !:%+)+,+I:&!
F#, K&C)+#=G!=+!# 45%"%&9!-&!("!$%"C5$"#!"#$%&'&!B+4&+!("="!$+'5.&)!#!:%&,C5'#:+B!%5+%4&)".&E"C+B! !tome trenutku, koja je imala svoje utjecaje i u Slavoniji; bana Nikolu je zamijenio Leustahije na kraju +H C:&!6C+I!C5!003!'5,C&K5!/>213!U":+,&!"B&+!= !b )E"C 9!-+:!C5!)C54+'!)&#,C5-)":!#$+B5) =!$%'"!$ =!13!=%&')C&@3!X"-"R!o)45,9!7$2&')-' Q1!0, #=%3!/N1h/N;d!v'&!S3!p&,Y#.9!p&DT=!^":,T#!#.,&'T)!(Y)"!Bw:n-q#5!6/>W>h/>21@!i8C5,+'&)C5!#,&'+)#:+4!(&)&!U":+,5!p&DT=&!6/>W>3h/>213@l9!E\8>,;'$-\$->)#-!%-0)/ (9)4';M 7% TNM% D#.!#:!*8-!;0!% R&K6;')?#$#)2!0% ]O8#1#.@% ^__`M% Fa)!/*% b6cMd% # e0.9*0!% [Studije iz srednjovjekovne $+'"C5#="3!x5#=&!:+)b5%5)E"C&!-+:=+%&)&-&!B5-"5'"#=":5! !Q.545- 9!W3h23!,"$)C&!0NN<3l9! %3!Oq=5%
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_+!#5!)"C5!-+4+-"+! !#, K&C !"#$%&'5!7!6","!(&%5B!)5B&B+!+!=+B5!)":&:'"D!$+--&=&:&@3!O%5B&!"#$%&'"9!O5=5r9!#")!Q=C5$&)&9!O5=&%9!#")!Z'&)&9!U":+,&9!#")!O&',&9!k)--%"C&9!#")!*+-"#,&'&9!U":+,&9!#")!Z'&K")&9!oB5%":9!#")!m&("C&)&9!S,&H9!#")!o,5 I&!"!` %&C9!#")!L5:5%&9!#'"!K,&)+'"!%+-&
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vonskog bana Mikca.96!L(+4!#'+C"D!-C5,&9!m&%:&I!C5!+# A5)!)&!#B%=!"!)C54+'"!# !$+#C5--"!$%"$+C5)"!D5%E54+'+C!-+B5)"! !*+'"IJ !6ad (...) ,'**#**!')#(%34/2&#%./20 #().97 No, m&%:&I!C5!$,&="+!#'+C!- 4!"!H $&) i stanovnicima, stoga mu je dozvoljeno da i dalje H"'"!"!-%H"!$+#C5-5!:&+!FC5-&)!+-!$,5B"J&!:%&,C5'#='&!".!%+'"IJ&)#:+4!-"#=%":=&G998 što C5!(",+!"!$+='%A5)+!"#$%&'+B!H $&)&!_+B59!-&="%&)+B!003!:+,+'+.&!/>2N3![%&)"E5!m&%:&I5'"D!$+#C5-&9!:+C"!C5!H"'"+! !f&)"H)"!6!)%E0)!*)0%$#*!.#)*@!+$5=!# !/>203!$+='%--","!'"E5(&)!"!:%"H5'&K:"!H $&)!O5=&%9!#")!^"D+'",&399
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.#%.!*-$!2-/%.#%34/2	!"#= !+) !"#$%&' !:+C&!C5!".-&)&!O5=% 9!#") !\C (5)&9!"!)C54+'"B!# -% 4+'"B&9!&!#&-%H"!=%&)#:%"$E"C !=5:#=&!"#$%&'5!S!".!/0?<3!4+-")53100 No, Nikola i O&'&+9!#")+'"!m&%:&I&!"!)C54+'! ) :!_+B&9!"#=+!# !"B&,"!$%+(,5B5!#!+("=5,C"!85%#M9!I=+!C5!K&:! 4%+.",+!)C"D+'!$,5B"J:"!$+,+H&C3
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") Prvo herceštvo (ducatus@!D5%E54&!Q=C5$&)&!k)H '")E&!-+4+-",+!#5!/>2N3!6p&,Y#.9!7)F'/%N*-:9), str. 34), =&:+!-&!b%&. !FD5%E54+'&!-+B5)&G!B+H5B+!$%"BC5)"="! !+'+C!#"= &E"C"3
"! ... 0.%!.#(%*#$/!2!/(%*!2/-%:!$/(%#C%)'"! !"/*%$#1)!%.#%.!*-$!2-/%34/2&#@%A/!%:-%.#%)'"! !"/*%#-%!1)'"! !"/*%$#*62!/!**#-%!,*#%!)-#$%)'"! #*%*#$/!2!/(%.'(!)!%$#1!*%*#$/!$#%2/$0**#- (CD 18, dok. 21, str. 27-28).
"" CD 18, dok. 21, str. 26-34; ZsO 1, br. 3983, str. 437-438; MOL, DL 33512.%$$ MOL, DL 74468.%$% X%"C5-)+!C5!#$+B5) ="!-&!C5!U":+,&!"B&+!+.(",C&)!D5)-":5$!)&!$+,C !F+-)+#)+4!:&$"=&,&G!$%5-!(&-
)+'#:"B!# -+B3!O+"B5)E59!^&%=")!85%#!("+!C5!C5-&)!+-!)&C.)&K&C)"C"D!b&B","C&%&!85=%":&!S (5:&9!-%-H5J"!#, H(5!'"E5(&)&!:&-!C5!$+=+)C"!("+!(&)9! !%&.-+(,C !".B5A !/>;<3h/><03!=5!C5!-+("+!"!-% 45!#, H(5!6$%"BC5%"E5!comitatus!L&4%5(&K:5!"!f%"H5'&K:5!H $&)"C5@3!O%5B&!g%$Y- !UT4%Y-PC 9!:%&,C!j"4B )-!C5! .&$%&'+!-&%+'&+!*+'"IJ5!^&%=") !85%# ! )&! $+="E&C!85=%":&! S (5:&3!X"-"R!g%$Y-!UT4%Y-P9!k!bn,-5#z%"!$q).CY%&-q:!)&4P#Y4&!q#!&-T=5%D5!&!:q#t!:n.q$:+%"!^&4P&%+%#.Y4+)!iX"#")&!',&#=5,")#:5!)+'K&)5!%5)=5!"!$+%5.)+!+$=5%5J5)C5! !:&#)+#%5-)C+'C5:+')+C!a4&%#:+Cl9!O8980.';9!#'3!09!S -&$5#=!2002., str. 451-468, ovdje str. 455.
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m&%:&I!.&=%&H"+!-% 4"!$%"C5$"#!$%"'",54"C&!:%&,C&!\&-"#,&'&!".!/>?W3!=59!I=+!C5!C+I!'&H)"C59!.&I=+!#5! !$&%)"E"!)"C5!$+C&'",&!+K"=+!+%"4")&,)&!"#$%&'&!]&.B&)#:+4!:&$=+,&!".-&)&!/>1<3!4+-")5{
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%$) MOL, DL 33512; ZsO 3, br. 1083, str. 293.%$! L#V!19!(%3!/N>/9!#=%3!0<<h>N0d!L#V!?9!(%3!>;;9!#=%3!/>>3!X"-"R!UT4%Y-P9!7%O8#$.0&# 4!#;,%,0**!(.%$" V#$+%&'&)C5!F$,5B5)"=+#="G!m&%:&I&!"!)C54+'"D!$+=+B&:&!(&."%&!#5!)&!=%"!&#$5:=&R!)&!m&%:&I5' !4%"-
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)54&="'&)!$%"BC5%!=+4&3!_5!B&,5!4% $59!+("=5,C"!"!%+-+'"!c!.(+4!#'+4!+%"4")&,)+4!$%"-'",54"C&!:+C"!#5!$+='%A C5!+$5=+'&)+!.&!'%"C5B5!k)H '")#:"D!',&-&%&9!&,"!"#=+!"!.(+4!#'+C"D!+#+()"D!#%5J&!"!'C5I=")&!c!(","!# !#$+#+()"!+#=&'"="!".&!#5(5!B!F%+'"IJ&)#:"D!$%5-"C&,&E&!"!iobagiones castriG3!_"!#5!F$%5-"C&,E"G!%"C5=:+!$+C&',C C ! !)&I"B!".'+%"B&!#'5!-+! .&-)C"D!-5#5=,C5J&! /W3! #=+,C5J&9! =5! #5! ! )&I"B! ".'+%"B&! '"C5:! %&.,": C ! +-!$%5=D+-)+!#$+B5) ="D!4% $&!"!+("=5,C"!:+C5!# !(",5!#$+#+()5!-+("="!$+='%- !#'+C"D!$%"'",54"C&!6:+C"!#5!=5+%5=#:"!+-)+#5!)&!#'&:+4!$%5-"C&,E&!"!iobagio castri@3!V)"!F%+'"-IJ&)#:"!$%5-"C&,E"!"!iobagiones castriG!:+C"!)"# ! #$C5,"!$+#=&="!F%+'"IJ&)#:"B!$,5B"J"-B&G!="C5:+B!/W3!#=+,C5J&9!)&#=+C&,"!# !-C5,+'&="!:&+!.&C5-)"E&!6+("K)+!'+A5)"!#'+C"B!H $&)+B!c!comes terrestris@!+-!:%&C&!&)H '")#:5!5%5!6C5%!)5!B+H5!("="!$ :&!#, K&C)+#=!-&!#5!+-C5-)+B!B&#+')+!$+C&',C C !(&I! !=+B5!=%5) =: @9!&,"!)C"D+'5!$+'"C5#="!)&-:+)!/><>3!$+:&. C !-&!C5!)C"D+'+!F$%"'",54"%&)+G!#=&)C5!(",+!'%,+!:%D:+3!_&C!C5!#=&= #!$+=5:&+!".!5%5!k%$&-+'"J&!=5!C5!=+!(",&!-+(%+!$+I=+'&)&!libertas!-+!:%&C&!/W3!#=+,C5J&9!&,"9!C5%!C+C!C5!B&)C:&,&!K'%#=+J&!$,5B"J:+4!B&=5%"C&,)+4!"!-% I='5)+4!$+#=+C&)C&!"!.(+4!$+#=5$5)+4!4 ("=:&!:%&,C5'#:5!$+-%I:5!)&:+)!/><>39!:+)&K)+!C5!$%5#=&,&!$+#=+C&="!-+!:%&C&!$%'5!K5='%=")5!/23!#=+,C5J&3
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Isprava A: !"#$!%#&#'()#*
Verbatim prijepis (Vp): kralj Karlo I., 1322-10-14 (MOL, DL 49620, CD 9, dok. 88, str. 102-103) !"#$%"&'&()!*(#('+ &,'-.' !"#$%&'()*+,-%./.0123123%4567-%87%99/0:-%;<6%=-%>!?%00@A119 B%"A%C"D)"+< '% "EFG#-%./.01.21:9%4567-%87%99/=/-%;<6%=-%>!?%.29.A120 = b) !"#, 1417-10-23 4567-%87%909=.A%B% !"#$%&'()*+,-%./.01.:1::%4567-%87%[email protected]%;<6%=-%>!?%.:0:APs 2: E"#"F'+%H' G#"%I"!$"+< '%'% !"#$JK< '%<*,"L%MJF"!%MJ!N+O'-%./.P12@129%4567-%DL 33365, ZsO 7, br. 388, Jura regni-%<K?%.-%,G ?%09-%<F!?%3P1P/A%B%C"D)"+< '% "EFG#-%1419-08-09 (MOL, DL 10747)121
Isprava B: Petar, sin Turuka
Vp 1: !"#$%7*,GK' %Q?-%.9@=12/12=%B%Q,J)-%.9=/12@1:.%B%C"D)"+< '% "EFG#-%.9=P1231.2%(MOL, DL 74468)Vp 2: kralj Ludovik I., 1356-04-06 > Idem, 1364-05-21 > slavonski ban David Lack od Szánta, 1417-03-08 (MOL, DL 33364)Vp 3:% !"#$%7*,GK' %Q?-%.9@=12/12=%B%Q,J)-%.9=/12@1:.%B%<")G<F"+%*%RG)GS*-%./.P120129%(MOL, DL 1046, ZsO 7, br. 735)Ps 1:% !"#$%7*,GK' %Q?-%.9=/12@1:9%B%C"D)"+< '% "EFG#-%.90/1.21.@%B% !"#$JK< '%<*,"L%Šimun de Szécsény, sin bana Konje, 1395-05-17 (MOL, DL 33511, CD 18, dok. 21, str. 26-34, ZsO 1, br. 3983)Ps 2:% !"#$%7*,GK' %Q?-%.9=/12@1:9%B%C"D)"+< '% "EFG#-%.90/1.21.@%B%"*FG!'FJF'%T!'UJ-K"V J%U*E"+'$J-%./..1.21.3%4567-%87%99@.:-%;<6%9-%>!?%.239A
Isprava C: rod Gurdumus
Vp: kralj Ludovik I., 1356-04-18 (MOL, DF 230215, CD 12, dok. 256, str. 341-342)
Isprava D: !"#"$% &'( )*(+" ' ,-".% &'( /'+0
Vp: QK"+-%<'+%WF$JE"+"%'%MJF"!-%K'LJ>"+-%U*E"+'%T!'UJK"V J%U*E"+'$J%'%E#J)'X '%<*L'-%GFE!'#' J%'D)JS*%./2:129123%'%./2:12P1:P122%4567-%87%9/[email protected]%+JEGFE*+%+"L!FA%
! 6,+G<'%<J%+"%E!'K'#J('$J% G$J%<*%,"#'% !"#$%YJ#"%4ZA%'% !"#$%7",'<#"K-%"%EGFK!,'G%'[% !"#$%7*,GK' % G$'%$J%GE'<"G%<F"+GK+' J%\GK']X"% "G%^servientes regis%'<EG,%!'$J J%8!"KJ_?
"# 8G+G<'%<J%<",!U"$%'<E!"KJ%`%E!J)"%verbatim%E!'$JE'<*% G$'%$J%=?%F!"K+$"%.9@=?%'D,"G% !"#$%7*,GK' %Q?%4 G$'%$J%,G>'G% G+"V+*%EGFK!,*%:.?%<K'>+$"%.9=/?A-%"%+"%FJ)J#$*%'<E!"KJ% !"#$'LJ%5"!'$J% G$"%$J%'D,"+"%.:?%F!"K-+$"%.9P.?%4;<6%.-%>!?%.P=3-%<F!?%:.@1:.=A-%<"V*K"+*%*%E!'$JE'<*%C"D)"+< G(% "EFG#"%G,%.?%<K'>+$"%.9P.?%4567-%87%99:3:a%;<6%.-%>!?%:2.9-%<F!?%::.A?%MG<#$J,+$"%<J%'<E!"K"%EGD'K"%+"%E!'K'#J('$% !"#$"%YJ#J-% G$J(%$J%EGFK!,'G% !"#$%7*,GK' ?
" b','%E!JF[G,+*%>'#$J] *? "" ;"%)G(*X*%,"F"L'$*-%K','c%d+(J#-%$%&'()*(+,-./, sv. 1, str. 254.
55
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Gábor Szeberényi
/012$&3' !($)"(2$&'(4)'5(&62$78(!!"0!&'09':0;"<=$'"4'6>$'?>"!6$$46>'and Fourteenth Centuries
Summary
B*(%#C%AD(%0#@A%@,E*,F76*A%E(*($6/%6@@;03A,#*@%6$,@,*E%,*%AD(%D,@A#$,#E$63D+%$(E6$4,*E%AD(%forming processes of Slavonian nobility during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries was connected to the presumed correspondence that supposedly existed between the stratum of the castle-warriors (Hung. várjobbágyok), and those members of the lower-ranking nobility in Slavonia who are generally referred to in the sources as praediales. This generalised opin-,#*%76*%"(%@;006$,@(4%"$,(G+%6@%C#//#H@-%#*%AD(%A($$,A#$+%#C%0(4,(96/%&/69#*,62%0#@A%#C%AD(%royal “castle lordships” or ispánates (Hung. várispánságok), similarly to the ones existing in the central areas of the Kingdom of Hungary, were handed over to various ecclesiastical and lay landlords during the thirteenth and the fourteenth centuries, but the elites of the micro-societies of the various “vanishing” ispánates, i.e. the stratum of the castle-warriors, did not cease to exist (as happened in the aforementioned central areas of the kingdom): rather, most of them were able to keep their special rights and districts, and were converted eventually into a special “castle nobility” (várnemesség) or praedial nobility, which was able to maintain its social and organisational framework until the end of the Middle Ages, or even beyond. Thus, as Pál Engel correctly stated, “the stratum of castle-warriors was transformed into the praediales nobility in Slavonia.”
!"#$%&'()%8#9,:1(2%3$6(4,6/(@2% 76@A/(IH6$$,#$@% J,#"6E,#*(@%76@A$,K2% /(@@($%*#",/,A+2% AD(%thirteenth and fourteenth centuries
