GCSE Physical GCSE Physical EducationEducation

The Link Between Exercise, The Link Between Exercise, Diet, Work & RestDiet, Work & Rest

Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

By the end of this lesson pupils should:

Understand the links between- Exercise- Diet- Work- Rest

Explain the requirements and factors of a balanced diet

The Importance of a Balanced The Importance of a Balanced DietDiet

What do you understand by the word ‘Diet’?

The Importance of a Balanced The Importance of a Balanced DietDiet

People adopt diets for different reasons: Moral reasons Religious reasons Control body composition

Diet is an essential part of providing energy needed to work and exercise, and also to rest and repair muscles tissues.

Energy BalanceEnergy Balance

Energy BalanceEnergy Balance

Energy balance must be considered:

calories in = calories out

Active people use more energy so they need more calories in their diet...

For example Michael Phelps

Michael PhelpsMichael Phelps

38 world records & 14 Olympic Gold medals... More than any Olympian

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates

What are carbohydrates?

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates Carbohydrates give us energy

There are 2 types of carbohydrates:- Complex carbohydrates- Simple carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are stored in the muscles and liver as glycogen

This is quickly converted to glucose and used to provide energy

Complex CarbohydratesComplex Carbohydrates

Often referred to as starch and found in natural foods such as bananas, brown bread, nuts, and potatoes

These help provide energy to exercise and should form about 50% of our daily intake

These provide a slower, longer-lasting release of energy and contribute to long term health

Simple CarbohydratesSimple Carbohydrates

These are known as sugars

In their natural form they are found in fruit and vegetables. Refined sugars are found in chocolate and confectionary

FatsFats

Are fats important in a balanced diet?

FatsFats

Provide energy, together with glycogen, to help muscles work

Fats are found in butter, cooking oil, bacon, cheese, etc. Daily intake of fats to provide necessary energy should be about 30% of total diet

ProteinsProteins

Proteins comes in two types of food...

ProteinsProteins

Important to help build muscles and repair damaged tissue

Proteins are also used to provide energy once carbohydrates have been used up Proteins are found in animal protein and plant or vegetable protein

Types of ProteinsTypes of Proteins

Animal proteins are found in meat, fish, milk, cheese, eggs, etc.

Plants or vegetable proteins are found in nuts, bread, potatoes, pasta, rice, etc.

Minerals - CalciumMinerals - Calcium

Calcium helps the growth of what?

CalciumCalcium

Important during growing up as it helps the formation and strengthening of bones and teeth

Milk, cheese and cereals are the main sources of calcium in the diet Strong bones are needed in order to withstand the impact of exercise

Minerals - IronMinerals - Iron

What foods contain iron?

IronIron

Important for blood to help it carry oxygen and form red blood cells

Without iron, it would be impossible for oxygen to carry blood around the body Many foods contain iron, but iron in meat is absorbed more easily

Other MineralsOther Minerals

What minerals do these foods represent?

Other MineralsOther Minerals

Sodium is needed for regulating body water content

Potassium is important to the functioning of cells Trace elements such as zinc and selenium are needed in very small amounts

VitaminsVitamins

What vitamin are oranges a good source of?

VitaminsVitamins

Vitamin A - found in milk, cheese and carrots

Needed for vision/prevent night blindness

Vitamin B1 - found in whole grains, nuts and meat

Needed to release carbohydrates

Vitamin C - found in fruits and vegetables

Needed to help healing and fighting infection and

the maintenance of bones, teeth and gums

VitaminsVitamins

Vitamin D - found in milk, fish, liver, eggs and sunshine

Needed for the absorption of calcium

Vitamin E - found in vegetable oil, wholemeal bread

and cereals

Needed for growth and development

A balanced supply of vitamins is essential for the

body to function properly and therefore important

to a balanced healthy lifestyle

WaterWater

Why do we need water?

WaterWater

Water accounts for about half of body weight

Holds oxygen and transports nutrients, waste and hormones around the body During exercise, water is important to control temperature and to prevent dehydration

FibreFibre

Why is fibre important in a balanced diet?

FibreFibre

Fibre adds to the functioning of the digestive system

Fibre is found in the leaves, stems, roots, seeds and fruits of plants Without fibre the digestive system would not be able to get rid of wastes products and therefore could lead to many diseases

WellbeingWellbeing

What is meant by the term wellbeing?

WellbeingWellbeing

Diet makes an important and valuable contribution to wellbeing and the ability to function

A balanced diet provides all the nutrients needed to exercise and work Appropriate rest periods are necessary to allow the body to repair

Learning Objectives Learning Objectives (revisited)(revisited)

By the end of this lesson pupils should:

Understand the links between- Exercise- Diet- Work- Rest

Explain the requirements and factors of a balanced diet

Thank youThank you

Any questions, please do not hesitate to ask