Gender in

Science Policy

AHN, Myoung-Ock MD, PhD, DrPH, MPH

(Dr. amo)

President & CEO

National Medical Center

Korea

Contents

01. My Understanding of the Theme

02. Statistics in Korea

03. Administration: GI Policy

04. My Most Recent Experience

05. Women Scientists & Policy

01. My Understanding of The Theme: Developing Science Policies to Promote Gender-Based Research & Innovations

National Medical Center of Korea

Center of Public Health

Korea

My identity

Most of all, Woman MD, OB & Gyn (Practitioner) PhD (Researcher) DrPH, MPH Prev.Medicine (Professor) Paliamentarian Currently

Administrator

Athena Doctrine: Feminine Value

The Athena Doctrine : How Women (& the men who think like them) Will Rule the Future Authors: John Gerzema & Michael D'Antonio Translators: Ahn MO & Kil JW

Feminine Value vs Masculine Value

Masculine Value vs Feminine Value

Masculine Value Feminine Value

Material, Physical Ethic, Emotional

Growth, Conquest Balance, Equality

Aggressive Progressive

Competetion, Conflict Solidarity, Compromise

Order Encourage

Strict Tolerable

Intelligent, Rational Intuitive, Integrative

Indivisualism Communalism

Possesion, Deal Communion, Donation

We are different

Feminine Value & Gendered Innovation

1. Equality including Gender Equality 2. Care for the Disadvantaged

3. Transparency against Corruption

Harmony, Empathy, Communication, Relationship, Communion, Love ( Soft Power, Social Capital )

Core Feminine Value

Value of Life: Love & Universal Fraternity

(Love Conquers All !)

-Publius Vergilius Maro(Virgil) (70 BC - 19 BC) : Roman Poet

02. Statistics in Korea

Statistics in Korea

연령별 2010

연령별 2010

인구 남자 여자 성비 인구 남자 여자 성비

0~4세 2,219,084 1,142,220 1,076,864 106.1 55~59세 2,766,695 1,360,747 1,405,948 96.8

5~9세 2,394,663 1,243,294 1,151,369 108.0 60~64세 2,182,236 1,057,035 1,125,201 93.9

10~14세 3,173,226 1,654,964 1,518,262 109.0 65~69세 1,812,168 833,242 978,926 85.1

15~19세 3,438,414 1,826,179 1,612,235 113.3 70~74세 1,566,014 672,894 893,120 75.3

20~24세 3,055,420 1,625,371 1,430,049 113.7 75~79세 1,084,367 410,726 673,641 61.0

25~29세 3,538,949 1,802,805 1,736,144 103.8 80~84세 595,509 186,008 409,501 45.4

30~34세 3,695,348 1,866,397 1,828,951 102.0 85세 이상 366,609 94,736 271,873 34.8

35~39세 4,099,147 2,060,233 2,038,914 101.0 85~89세 271,166 74,118 197,048 37.6

40~44세 4,131,423 2,071,431 2,059,992 100.6 90~94세 78,329 17,770 60,559 29.3

45~49세 4,073,358 2,044,641 2,028,717 100.8 95~99세 15,279 2,593 12,686 20.4

50~54세 3,798,131 1,887,973 1,910,158 98.8 100세이상 1,835 255 1,580 16.1

* 인구 (내국인) 합계 47,990,761 23,840,896 24,149,865 98.7

2010, Census, Korea

2010, Census, Korea

Women are already majority in terms of number in Korea,

BUT!!!

----------------------------- French Experience!

Parity Act

Statistics in Korea

Long, long way to go!!!

WEF GGI 2012 : 108/135 2013 : 111/136 2014 : 117/142

Statistics in Korea

Women employment rates among scientists and engineers by institution type and employment status : 2013

Institution Type

Number of

Institution

Full-time Part-time Total

All Women Rate All Women Rate All Women Rate

University of Science& Engineering

272 28,265 3,522 12.5 50,496 15,719 31.1 78,761 19,241 24.4

Public Research Institution

184 24,763 3,646 14.7 10,541 4,563 43.3 35,304 8,209 23.3

Private Research Institution

2,755 116,627 16,035 13.7 897 177 19.7 117,524 16,212 13.8

Total 3,211 169,655 23,203 13.7 61,934 20,459 33.0 231,589 43,662 18.9

Source : Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Center for Women in Science, Engineering and Technology,

2013 Report on the Status of Women in Science, Engineering & Technology, 2015

Statistics in Korea

Part-time employment rates among scientists (USA): 2013

Race, ethnicity, and sex Part-time employment rate

General population 19.2

All scientists and engineers 16.7

White women 26.2

White men 10.3

Asian women 19.6

Asian men 8.5

URM women 20.2

URM men 9.0

URM = underrepresented minority.

NOTE: The general population consists of the U.S. civilian noninstitutional population 16 years and over.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics,

Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System (SESTAT),

2013 (preliminary), and Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Population Survey, 2013.

Statistics in Korea

Full-time Part-time Total

Source : Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Center for Women in Science, Engineering and Technology,

2013 Report on the Status of Women in Science, Engineering & Technology, 2015

Full-time employment rates among women scientists and engineers : 2006-2013

Statistics in Korea

Women in senior management among scientists and engineers by institution type : 2013

Source : Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Center for Women in Science, Engineering and Technology,

2013 Report on the Status of Women in Science, Engineering & Technology, 2015

Institution Type All Women Rate

University of Science& Engineering

8,178 928 11.3

Public Research Institution 3,730 320 8.6

Private Research Institution 20,560 1,065 5.2

Total 32,468 2,313 7.1

Statistics in Korea

Source : Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Center for Women in Science, Engineering and Technology,

2013 Report on the Status of Women in Science, Engineering & Technology, 2015

University of Science& Engineering

Public Research Institution

Private Research Institution

Total

Women in senior management among scientists and engineers by institution type : 2006-2013

Statistics in Korea

Representing Companies of 45 nations (5,977)

Advanced nations (Norway, Sweden, etc.)

(‘13.3, GMI ratings)

Emerging nations (Chile, China, etc.)

Korea

KOSDAQ listed companies

Rate of women executives

3.5% 44th in 45 nations

135 women executives in 5,634

('13.6 Analyzed by KODAQCA)

Public Institutions (‘12.12 Analyzed by MOSF)

Rate of women executives

8.6% (Permanent women executives 2,8%, non-

permanent women executives 11.4%)

112 women executives in 1,307

Low ratio of women executives

Statistics in Korea

03. Administration : Gendered Innovation Policy

Women’s Health: Gender, Lifecycle Specific Aspect

Future Vision Committee of Women & Children for the Speaker of National Assembly • Chairwoman • 2013. Jan- June • Policy Research & advocacy for Rights of Women & Children • Women (7 subjects, 33 indicators) Children (8 subjects, 42 indicators) • Final Reports (pp. 260 Abstracts) (+ 1447 pp in detail Report) : CD + App.

Women’s Health Issues

1. Lack of gender sensitivity and lack of women’s right to the health

2. Customized and individualized health management has not been applied in women’s health issues which consider physical and socioeconomic differences.

3. MCH only focus on pregnancy and newborn and early childhood : Life-cycle specific approach and preventive medicine perspectives (primary, secondary, tertiary prevention) should be applied systemically.

Women’s Health Issues

My Inauguration (2014. 12.22)

Core Values (5C) 1. Confidence(공적 자부감) 2. Communication(소통) 3. Cooperation(협동) 4. Collaboration(협업) 5. Creativity(창의성)

Medical Cooperation

Office

General Affairs Team

Patient affairs Team

Facilities Management

Team

National Medicine Center

National Medicine Hospital

Strategy and Budget Planning Team

Management innovation Team

Research Planning &

Management Team

Public Health Research Institute

Human Resource Team

Medical Insurance Review Team

Quality Improvement Team

Biobank

Card

iova

scula

r Cente

r

Respire

ato

ry Cente

r

Dia

bete

s C

ente

r

Em

erg

ency &

Tra

um

a

Cente

r

Thyro

id C

ente

r

Life

& H

ealth

care

Cente

r

Cente

r for In

fectio

us

Dis

eases

Tra

nspla

nta

tion C

ente

r

Clin

ical N

euro

scie

nce

Cente

r

Cente

r for Jo

int S

urg

ery

Pain

& R

ehabilita

tion

Cente

r

Menta

l Health

Cente

r

Pro

sta

te &

Uro

logy

Cente

r

Asth

ma⋅Ato

py⋅A

llerg

y Cente

r

Derm

ato

logy &

C

osm

eto

logy C

ente

r

Aesth

etic

& P

lastic

Surg

ery C

ente

r

Wom

an's

Health

Cente

r

Child

& A

dole

scent

Cente

r

Inte

rnal M

edic

ine

Genera

l Surg

ery

Orth

opedic

Surg

ery

Neuro

surg

ery

Thora

cic

and

Card

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scula

r Surg

ery

Pla

stic

&

Reconstru

ctive

Surg

ery

Ophth

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Oto

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ryngolo

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Derm

ato

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Uro

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Anesth

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logy

Path

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Em

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Neuro

logy

Neuro

psyc

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Rehabilita

tion M

edic

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Fam

ily Medic

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Dia

gnostic

Radio

logy

Nucle

ar M

edic

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Labora

tory M

edic

ine

Radia

tion o

ncolo

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Departm

ent o

f Pharm

acy

Medic

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ecord

D

epartm

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Clin

ical N

utritio

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Departm

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Obste

trics a

nd

Gyn

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Pedia

trics

Spin

e C

ente

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Planninng and Coordination

Office

Vice-president Office

Administration

Oto

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Head a

nd n

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Nurs

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Adm

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Surg

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Nursing Department

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Kore

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cupunctu

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M

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Ophth

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olo

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Denta

l Servic

e

Department of Korean Medicine

Planning & Evaluation Team

Office of Education

and Training

Center for Public Healthcare Policy

National Emergency Medical Center

Denta

l Surg

ery C

ente

r

Medical Cooperation

Office

Department of Social Work

Seoul Emergency Medical Information Center

Busan E.M.I.C

Daegu E.M.I.C

Incheon E.M.I.C

Gwangju E.M.I.C

Daejeon E.M.I.C

Ulsan E.M.I.C

GyeongGi E.M.I.C

Gangwon E.M.I.C

Choungbuk E.M.I.C

Choungnam E.M.I.C

Kyoungbuk E.M.I.C

Gyeongnam E.M.I.C

Junbuk E.M.I.C

Jeonnam E.M.I.C

Jeju E.M.I.C

Dig

estive

Dis

ease

Cente

r

Public Health Medical Service

Departm

ent o

f Tra

um

ato

logy

Administration Department for Medical Service

Relocation Planning Team

Wonjidong Business Team

Administration Department for Medical Service

Public Relations Team

Inspection Division

Liaison & Public Relations Office

Department of Education &

Research

Bureau for Public Healthcare

emergency administation surpport team

emergency medical planning & evaluation team

emergency medical project team

Research & Statistics Team

Inte

rnatio

nal h

ealth

m

edic

al s

ervic

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Deve

lopm

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eam

North

Kore

an D

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Health

care

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erg

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medic

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Multi-

Cultu

ral F

am

ily C

linic

Emergency medical Information System Team

Organization Chart

Researc

h C

ente

r for

Chro

nic

Dis

eases

Researc

h C

ente

r for

Infe

ctio

us D

iseases

Dru

g s

afe

ty Ris

k m

anagem

ent

Researc

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Em

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Researc

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Health

care

researc

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Kore

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Cente

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om

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Health

and G

endere

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Clin

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Dis

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National Medical Center

Women employment rates in National Medical Center : 2013-2015

Source : National Medical Center in Korea, 2015.8

Year President & CEO

All Employee Executive Director Non-Executive Director

Total(a+b) Men(a) Women(b) Total(a+b) Men(a) Women(b) Total(a+b) Men(a) Women(b)

2013 Dr. YOUN (M) 874 284 590 1 1 0 9 7 2

100% 32.5% 67.5% 100% 100% 0% 100% 77.8% 22.2%

2014 Dr. YOUN (M) 853 272 581 1 0 1 7 5 2

100% 31.9% 68.1% 100% 0% 100% 100% 71.4% 28.6%

2015.8 Myoung-Ock

AHN (F)

855 267 588 1 0 1 8 4 4

100% 31.2% 68.8% 100% 0% 100% 100% 50.0% 50.0%

Dr. amo’s Policy

- Gender-Sensitive policy

- Age(lifecycle)-Sensitive policy

- Health-Sensitive policy

- Culture-Sensitive policy

Dr. amo’s Policy

Gender-Sensitivity

Male vs Female

Dr. amo’s Policy

Age-Sensitivity

From the Conception to the Heaven – : 7 (rainbow) generation

1. Nymph (요정) : fetus 2. Angel (천사) : neonate-12y.o. menarche 3. Princess (공주) : girl 4. Miss (미혼여성) : young lady 5. Ms (청장녀기) : reproductive age 6. Madam (마담) : peri & post menopause 7. Queen (여왕) : elderly women

Dr. amo’s Policy

-From the cradle to the tomb –

-From birth to death –

-From the Womb to the Tomb –

-From the Conception to the Heaven –

Life-cyle specific Health

Dr. amo’s Policy

Health-Sensitivity - Physical - Mental - Social - Economical - Intellectual - Spiritual - cultural

↓ Wellbeing, Health

Dr. amo’s Policy

Definition of Health (WHO, 1946)

“…a state of complete physical,

mental, and social well-being and not merely

the absence of disease…”

+ spiritual wellbeing

Dr. amo’s Policy

Culture-Sensitivity

Respect of

Individual & Group Difference

04. My most Recent Experience: MERS

MERS (Middle East

Respiratory Symptom)

outbreak in Korea! (5/20/2015)

As Woman Administrator

NMC video Clip for 60days of Fight against MERS

Crisis Commander Of MERS Crisis, NMC

Budget Facility Property Human

Resources Contract

Patient

I n f o

General

Support

Facility And

Property

Nursing U n i t Managing

Information

Public relations

Planning & Finance

Section (Chief)

Planning

Administration& Logistics

Section (Chief)

General

SUPPORT Archive

Medical Operation

Section (Chief)

Confirmed C a s e Treatment

Critical Patient treatment

Screening And

consult

Nursing Admin

General Serv ice Division

Training Education

Infection Management

Archive

Finance and Planning

Local Hospital Support

MERS national Medical Service Control team

Nosocomial Infection Prevention

Training Education Centre

Infectious Disease Research Centre

Control room

Organization Chart of

MERS CRISIS RESPONSE CENTRE, National Medical Center

CRISIS EMERGENCY RESPONSE CENTRE Hospital

Safety Control TF

Response Guideline (Manual ) TF

NMC Guideline for MERS & Reports (60days, 70days of

Fight against MERS)

PPE & PAPR do-0ning Do-offing Education Video

05. Women Scientists & Policy

Know Your Power! Nancy Pelosi (1st woman speaker of USA)

Women Scientists & Policy

Women’s Health Research: Korea

- History –

2012; KNIH(Korean National Institute of Health) office of cardio-vascular disease by Dr. Park, HY 2013; women’s health R &D - women’s health indicator research - reproductive health research - menopause related research - maternal health promotion research : super low TFR Work with Korean Society of Obstetrics & Gynecology: Annual conference of women;s health since 2012 Budget: 2013. budget: 1.25mil $ (15억원), 2014 budget:: 2 mil $ (24억원)

Women Scientists & Policy

-Hx of WHI(Women’s Health Initiative)-

Early 1980: gender sensitive pilot study 1985: Public Health Service Task Force on Women’s Health Issues 1986: NIH recommended gender sensitivity in all researches 1990: NIH, Office of Research on Women’s Health - life-cycle specific women’s health policy; development,

action plan, evaluation 1991: mandatory gender sensitivity in all researches by NIH 1991: Dr. Bernadine Healy (woman) 1991.4.19 - (1991-1993)

became a NIH director 1991: Women’s Health Initiative started (excellent case of

Gendered Innovation)

Women’s Health Research: USA

Women Scientists & Policy

Women: Last Resources of the Future

More Women in Power: More Woman Administrators

Completion of Democracy: Gender Equality: Parity and Equity

Work-Life Balance

Women Scientists & Policy

Change of Political Paradigm

⇒ Politics of Care (Gilligan,1982: Ethic of Care)

⇒ Politics of Difference (Young,1990)

⇒ Politics of Love (Chiara Rubich,1996)

★ Macroscopic vs Microscopic

Team Spirit

For the half of the world! We, women! A dream you dream alone is only a dream, A dream you dream together is reality. Maximized Cooperation instead of

competition

Act, Act, Act!!! 행동하기!!!!!!!

Thank you!