Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
CHAPTER 15
General Pharmacology
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Pharmacology
Pharmacology
Key Term
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
The study of drugs, their sources,
characteristics, and effects
Overview ofOverview ofMedicationsMedications
Used byUsed by
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Used byUsed bythe EMTthe EMT––BB
Medications Carried onthe EMS Unit
Activated charcoal
Oral glucose
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Oxygen
Medications Prescribedto Patients
Prescribed inhaler
Nitroglycerin
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Nitroglycerin
Epinephrine
What the EMTWhat the EMT––BBNeeds to KnowNeeds to Know
About MedicationsAbout Medications
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
About MedicationsAbout Medications
Medication Names
All listed in U.S. Pharmacopoeia
Generic name
Chemical name
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Chemical name
Trade name
3 Types of Medication Names
Generic name: epinephrine
Chemical name: B- (e, 4
dihydroxyphenyl)
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
dihydroxyphenyl)
amethylaminoethanol
Trade name: Epi-Pen®
Forms ofForms ofMedicationsMedications
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
MedicationsMedications
Compressed Powders or TabletsCompressed Powders or Tablets
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Liquids for InjectionLiquids for Injection
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
GelsGels
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
SuspensionsSuspensions
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Fine PowderFine Powderfor Inhalationfor Inhalation
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
GasesGases
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Sublingual SpraySublingual Spray
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
MeteredMetered--Dose InhalerDose Inhaler
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Indication
Specific sign, symptom, or
circumstance that makes it
appropriate to administer a drug
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
appropriate to administer a drug
Contraindication
Specific sign, symptom, or circumstance
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
in which it would be inappropriate, or
harmful, to administer a drug
DoseHow much should be given to a patient
ActionsDesired effects on a patient
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Desired effects on a patient
RouteHow the medication is administered
(i.e., orally, sublingually, by injection)
Any action of the drug other than
the desired actions
Some side effects are predictable
Side Effects
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
(e.g., headache as a side effect of
nitroglycerin).
Proper Use ofProper Use ofMedicationsMedicationsin the Fieldin the Field
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
in the Fieldin the Field
Medication Administration
Four “Rights” Right patient?
Right medication?
Right dose?
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Right route?
Medication Administration
Patients must be reassessed
after medication is administered.
Repeat vital signs.
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Document patient’s response to
medication.
1. Define the following terms:
Generic nameTrade name
Review Questions
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
Trade nameIndicationContraindicationDoseActionSide effect
2. List the forms of medications.
3. List the four rights in medication
administration.
Review Questions
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
4. Why must patients be reassessed
after medication has been given?
What additional patient history
STREET SCENESSTREET SCENES
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
What additional patient history
should you obtain?
Should you let the patient take
nitroglycerin? Why or why not?
Are vital signs important if nitroglycerin is going to be taken by
STREET SCENESSTREET SCENES
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
nitroglycerin is going to be taken by the patient?
What information do you want to know about nitroglycerin?
How should the nitroglycerin be administered?
STREET SCENESSTREET SCENES
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
administered?
When should vital signs be taken again?
Sample DocumentationSample Documentation
Limmer et al., Emergency Care Update, 10th Edition
© 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ
