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GIS AND REMOTE SENSING FOR OPEN SPACE PROTECTION

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

22nd May 2009

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Introduction

It is said that more than 80% of the City’s activities throughout the world are spatially related.

GEOGRAPHIC“Conservation is about places” - Andy Rowan, Ph.D.

“Almost everything that happens, happens somewhere.” – Paul A. Longley

INFORMATION SYSTEMThe new source of power is not money in the hands of a few but information in the

hands of many.” – John Naisbitt, Megatrends

“A decision is a good as the Information that goes into it.” – John F. Boorout, Jr.

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GIS Analysis

GIS Process

Data ManagementAnd

Verification

Build OS Database

Decision

Output

Define problem

Define GIS criteria

Contents to be covered in the presentation

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Define GIS Problem

Developmental challenges:

Pressure for development/ alienation of open spaces/ rapid loss of open space

Development pressure specifically on the retention, conservation and expansion of the open space network

Invasion of open spaces

Inherited fragmented open space system

Redress and equitable provisioning of open space

Pollution and dumping

Hazardous land uses e.g. sewage, mine dumps, slimes dams

Quality of open spaces

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Decision-making:

Integration between decision-making in different departments

Consistent decision making based on accepted criteria

Information:

Accuracy of database

Level of detail of database

Access to database

Define GIS Problem

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Define GIS Problem (JMOSS Process)

OS MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

Status QuoPolicy Framework

Regional OS Framework

JMOSS I

OS Policy

JMOSS II

Management Strategy

• OS Categories• Capturing of OS• Sourcing of OS datasets

• OS Verification (Groundtruthing)

• Capturing of Brown OS Network• OS Verification (Groundtruthing)• OS Provision (Analysis)• OS Integration with RSDF’s

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OS Categories

MAIN CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORIES

Ecological open space

Existing

Nature reserves

Botanical gardens

Waterbodies (buffered by 50 m)

Undeveloped ridges

Bird sanctuaries

Nature trails

Desired

Areas of “high” conservation value (as determined byspecialist ecologist)

Areas with “high” habitat diversity (as determined by specialistecologist)

Areas with a low disturbance (as determined by specialistecologist)

Red Data fauna (from GDACEL)

Red Data flora (from GDACEL)

“Natural” land cover categories

PRIMARY OPEN SPACES

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OS CategoriesMAIN CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORIES

Social open space

•Zoological gardens•Sports facilities•Recreational facilities•Places of interest•Places of worship•Libraries•Community centres

Institutional

•Municipal facilities•Airports/airfields•Educational facilities•Public service facilities (e.g. police stations, post officesetc.)•Health facilities (i.e. hospitals and clinics)•Cemeteries

Heritage

•Historical monuments•Museums•Art galleries•Cemeteries of historical importance•Archaeological sites•Cultural sites

Agricultural •Agricultural lands (including urban agriculture)

SEC

ON

DA

RY O

PEN

SPA

CES

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OS Categories

MAIN CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORIES

Prospective open space

•Refuse sites

•Mine dumps

•Slimes dams

•Landfill sites

•Mining land & quarries

TERTIARY OPEN SPACES

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Build/Import Datasets (Existing Ecological OS)

WaterbodiesRidges

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Build/Import Datasets (Desired Ecological OS)

Habitat DiversityAreas with

LowDisturbance

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Build/Import Datasets (Ecological Network)

Ecological OS

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Build/Import Datasets (Secondary OS)

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Build/Import Datasets (Tertiary OS)

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Data Management (OS Ownership)

OS Categories

Priv

ate/

Publ

ic O

S

Valuations Information

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Data Management (OS Zoning)

OS Categories

Zoning Information

Zoni

ng R

equi

red

(YES

/NO

)

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Data Management (OS Development Status)

OS Categories

Dev

elop

ed/U

ndev

elop

edParks Database

Aerial Photograph

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Data Verification

• BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT

• Field verification of Natural Areas within the City

• Identification of all Animal and Plant Species

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• WETLAND AUDIT

• Retain, conserve and expand the open space network.

• Wetland status and functioning within the ecosystem

Data Verification

Region Hectares

A 2990.50

B 982.49

C 2186.29

D 1075.33

E 1982.30

F 1871.04

G 2319.58

F

G

BC

D

A

E

Total Hectares: 13407.43

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GIS Analysis

The true Power of GIS lies in the analysis

GIS analysis shows you:• Patterns, • Relationships, and• Trends.

in your geographic data that help you:• understand how the world works, • make the best choice from among options, • plan for the future

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GIS Analysis• Calculation of OS hectares and Quantify

within wards

Provision of Openspaces• International standard: 2.4ha/ 1000 people

X = OS/P*1000

Where by:

X: is the ratio of openspces per 1000 people

OS: is the total Ha of openspaces per ward

P: is the total population of each ward

Open Space Provision

Provision of Openspaces

Parks/OS Social OS

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Outputs

OPEN SPACE CATEGORY AREA (ha) % OF TOTAL AREA

EcologicalExisting 30219.78 18.37

Desired 55123.00 33.52

Social 9436.19 5.74

Institutional 4883.01 3.00

Heritage 111.17 0.07

Agricultural 21952.26 13.35

Prospective 7636.51 4.64

Total 74238.91 45.14

Table Format

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Outputs

Summary of OS Categories

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Existing Ecological Desired Ecological Social Institutional Heritage Agricultural Prospective

OS Categories

%

Graph Format

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Outputs (Map Format)

Conservation Value

OS Categories

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Outputs

OS ProvisionBiodiversity

Hotspots

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Outputs

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Decision-Making (DSS)

DATA

INFORMATION

DECISION

KNOWLEDGE

Need for Decision Support System:

• Recognize the spatial environmental dataset as a strategic asset to the City• Link to other City processes (i.e RSDF’s)• Easy accessibility of the OS database• Regular and easy updating of the OS database• Proper data management and maintenance

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Remote Sensing

Landuse 2007Landuse 2004

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Remote Sensing

Landcover 2007

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DISCUSSIONS /

THANK YOU

Makau Alfred Malatji

Alfredmalatji@joburg.org.za

0114076754