Green Garden [broj 79, mart-april 2012.]

8/2/2019 Green Garden [broj 79, mart-april 2012.]

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/green-garden-broj-79-mart-april-2012 1/17

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L \F O 1 9 • F ŵ ] O H G & R \H S H KO < 0 8 < + L \F O 1 4 • ZI O MĎ H KO & S MN O H Ď H < 0 8 < +



kh Eh|gfrh. ehzrm| zr|}gm

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E P. ++

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L \F O 1 9 • F ŵ ] O H G & R \H S H KO < 0 8 < +L \F O 1 9 • F ŵ ] O H G & R \H S H KO < 0 8 < +



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p|zghkom ini hniomshkom frfpikhehfsid akfoish ghgf li zm fzia}|hfbfrfg k}Żkid d|hkoish gfoi m pfrh%gk}ri |hzr i |hsfo nizrfsh i fzia}|hril}ok} i b}afr|hok} jshrko}+

AKFOISF _H \]ŵM\}Żh om khopfkhrioi jsiomr zh s|nf

b}afe r|hbijiofe }afoh i khnhizm } afrfsf zshgfe s|r}. ph|g} inifg}kiji+ Bhkhz pfzrfoi s|nf smnigilf| zf|ri }k}rh| zg}pikh $ąhoms%gm. pfniohkrh. f|il}kbh. pmkohąijm.eiki |}Żm) |hniąirid lfoh. flnigh ismniąikm jsiomrh+ Bh li |}Żh izpfnoinhzs} |hzgfŨ i nompfr} zsfah jsiomrhr|mlh o} l|iŻkf komafshri Ũrf iem%Ę} fzrhnfa pfb|h}eiomsh p|ip|m%e} rnh i akfoibl} p|iom zhbkom ghf ip|id|hk} riomgfe |hzrh i |hsfoh+

Riomgfe smamrhjiom komah zm zh%zrfoi fb }gnhkohkoh fjshnid jsomrfshbh li pfrhgk}ni jshrko} i } p|id|h%koishko} rmg}ie akfoisieh om| z}|}Żm smnigi pfr|fŨhąi d|hkoish. kh%|fąirf cfzcf|h. ehakmioh i lf|h+ _hp|id|hk} zm gf|izri A|mkk Ah|bmkakfoisf h |}Żm gfom om flfahmkf ieig|fd|hkoisieh+

Akfoisf om pfzmlkf cf|e}ni|hkfh akfoibl} zsid s|zrh |}Żh+ ]|hs%kfrmŻmk fbkfz d|hkoisid mnmemkh%rh zrie}ni|h p|hsinhk |hzr i flink}jshrko}. |hsfo gf|iomkh i nizrh rmlinog} ąiki ohąfe+

fg}kijm km fgirm kmgie jshr}ielinome gfom hdromsh smnig} pff|%kfzr om| ombikf rhgf }s|hrir m p|m%g|hzkie jshrfe+ Fb smnigfa l|fohlhngfkzgid jsomrkid s|zrh khosiŨmzm }ahoho} pmnh|afkiom i pmr}kiom+

Akfoisf h pmnh|afkiom om pfzml%kf kheiomkomkf akfoibli zsid s|zrhpmnh|afkioh. p|}Żho}i ie d|hkoismzhzrfogm kmfpdfbkm h p|hsinhk|hzr i flinkio} jshrko}+

]pf|hlh i bfi|hkom? \hzrsf|i%ri zhb|Żho µ ąmph akfoish } 0.1= n

AKFOIBLH _MNMKID LINOHGHFsfo zg}piki p|iphbh zsf jsiom%

m gfom zm }anhskfe zhbi } rmanijm$nfkąhkijm) i kheiomkomkf om b|Żh%ko} } zflkie. hrsf|mkie p|fzrf|i%oheh ghf Ũrf om g}z. nhbmkb|fk.zhkzmsm|ioh. i ekfaf b|}aid+ Z fl%i|fe bh z} rf linokm s|zrm gfom zmzhbm } afrfsm z}pzr|hrm gfoi zhb|Żm

sfbm. rm bflismkfe frfpikfe h%niomshri pmnh|afkiom+ P|ieomkoishrikh sm snhŻkfe rn} zshgid 80 bhkhriomgfe pm|ifbh ikrmkiskfa |hsf%oh $fŻ}ohg%|}ohk). i zshgid <0%:0bhkh } pm|ifbieh ei|fshkoh smam%rhjiom $nizrfphb%smnohąh)+

Akfoisf h pmr}kiom om pfzmlkfp|inhafĘmkf akfoibli zsid s|zrhpmr}kioh $E}nrif|h. A|hkbif%|h. Khkh Jfephjrh rm pfzmlijm hPmkb}n})+ _hdshno}o}i }|hskfrm%Żmkfe fbkfz} d|hkoish p|ip|hshgoheąi gfkrik}i|hk} i b}afr|hok}jshrko}+

]pf|hlh i bfi|hkom? Ďmp lfjmzm gf|izri ghf eom|h+ µ ąmph akf%oish $<0 en) |hzrsf|iri } 2&= nirh|hsfbm. rm bflismkfe frfpikfehniomshri pmr}kiom+ P|mpf|}ą}omzm }pfr|mlh akfoish zshgid zmbhebhkh } pm|ifb} jshrkom+

Riomgfe smamrhjiom pmr}kiom

r|mlho} kmŨrf siŨm Żmnomh ph om }s|iomem khoikrmkiskiom jshrkom.pmr}kiom pfr|mlkf akfoiri i zh A|mmkAh|bmk Żmnomkie akfoisieh p|frisgnf|fm. ghgf li pmr}kiom hb|Żhnmikrmkisk} lfo}+

]pf|hlh i bfi|hkom? Ďmp lfjmzm gf|izri ghf eom|h+ µ ąmph akf%oish $<0 en) |hzrsf|iri } 2&= nirh|hsfbm. rm bflismkfe frfpikfehniomshri linog}+ P|ieomkoishri khsm snhŻkfe rn} zshgid 80 bhkh

fb l}Ęmkoh smamrhjiom bf g|hohjshrkom+ P|mpf|}ą}om zm fl}zrhsiriakfoibl} } pm|ifb} omzmk%ieh+

AKFOIBLH LHNGFKZGFAJSIOMăH

\iomrgi z} fki gfoi zsfom lhngfkm i

f|ahkzgh akfoish i linokh d|hkoish.akfoiblh zm flhsnoh } flnig} p|i%

d|hkm khgfk fb|mĘmkfa s|mem%kh ghbh z}pzr|hr fzi|fehŨ}om khd|hkoisieh+ Zrfah bh km bfsmbmeflinog} } zrhkom anhbfshkoh ef|hefp|id|hkoishri+

A|mmk Ah|bmk akfoish h mnm%km linogm z} pfzmlkf kheiomkomkhakfoibli zsid mnmkid linohgh pf%zhĘmkid } pfz}bheh ini kh frsf%|mkfe+ \mbfsirh p|ieomkh akfoishzrie}ni|h p|hsinhk |hzr i |hsfo lino%gm. rm om ąiki ohąfe+

]pf|hlh i bfi|hkom? \hzrsf|i%ri zhb|Żho µ mph akfoish } 0.1= nsfbm. rm bflismkfe frfpikfe h%niomshri linog}+ P|ieomkoishri kh smsnhŻkfe rn} zshgid 80%8= bhkhriomgfe p|fnomh i nomrh. h zshgid<0%<= bhkh } omzmk i ie}+ Gfb cf%nioh|km p|ieomkm gf|izriri pfnh kh%smbmkm bfm zshgid <0%<= bhkh+

AKFOIBLH JSOMRHO]ăIDLINOHGH

Jsomrho}m linogm riomgfe jkom r|hŻm pfzmlhk |mŻie akfoifbkfzkf akfoish z khanhŨmkieb|Żhome ghnioh+ Ghnio om s|nf lh jshrko}+ Zrfah h p|id|hkoisjshr}id linohgh p|mpf|}ą}oA|mmk Ah|bmk akfoisf h jshlinogm gfom fzie khanhŨmkfa b|Żhoh ghnioh zhb|Żi i eig|fkoish+ Akfoisf h jsomrho}m lom ibmhnkf h l}ohk i }|hskfr|hzr jsomrho}id linohgh rm h fljshrko}+

]pfr|mlh i bfi|hkom? \

zrsf|iri zhb|Żho 8&< ąmph akfsh } 0.1= n sfbm. rm bflismkffrfpikfe hniomshri linog}+ Peomkoishri kh sm snhŻkfe zshgid 80 bhkh riomgfe p|fnomi nomrh. h zshgid <0%<= bhkhomzmk i ie}+

0

L \F O 1 9 • F ŵ] OH G & R \HSH KO <0 8< + L \F O 1 9 • Fŵ ]O HG & R\ HSH KO <0 8< +




Eā. + +

Pfs|rkohgpfąmrgfe p|fnomh

sm afbikm gniehrzgm p|inigm ieho} linoh km}fliąhomk riomg. om| pfąmrgfebikm iehni zef flinkm zkomŻkm phbhnikm } Dm|jmafsiki+ Ihgf om dnhbkfkomŻkf s|iomem ehnf l}kinf pfnofp|is|mbkigm i s|rnh|m. pfohąhkiebfsieh } b|}afo bmghbi fŻ}ogh i riomgfe r|hskoh efŻm zm khp|hsiri smāi bifbiŨkoma pnhkh p|fisfbkom. Ũrf zm fbkfzi kh zomrs} i zhbko} pfs|rnh|zgid

}nr}|h. gfom p|iphbho} fsfe |fg}

Fsm afbikm efŻmef }zrs|%biri bh om g|f jiomn} smnohą}snhbhnf kmp|mbsibisf s|i%

em z mrhpheh dnhbkfa i zkomŻ%s|memkh+ Ghf pfznombij} rfah

hef kmŨrf ghzkiom |fgfsm zomrsmbkom pfs|h om| zm kh ph|jmnm fb

km sfbm km efŻm ki }i h ghefnifl|hbiri ini pfziohri+ EmĘ}rie. kmbief pmzieizri om| kiŨrh kiom i%lnomkf h ef|hef zm khri i p|inh%

hshri khzrhnie p|feomkheh ehgsm afb fkm linm+

EmĘ}rie. i pf|mb zsmah smnigi iinokioi p|fisfĘhąi iphg z} zp|m%i h zomrs} i zhbko} |hniąirid s|%pfs|h om| ie om bfl|f pfkhrf

gf m bfnhzgfe p|fnomh kmzrhrihp|mgm gfom efa} fa|hkiąiri

komafs} p|fisfbko}+ Fzie rfah.ghf i bh km pfzrfoi pfs|rnh|zgh g}n%r}|h ąio} zomrs} km efŻmef flhsirigfkjme fŻ}ogh Ũrf zshgfe p|fi%sfĘhą} zrhsnoh kh |hzpfnhahkom bhihlm|m fkm g}nr}|m gfom e} khosi%Ũm i fbafsh|ho} h zomrs}. fbkfzkf.zhbko} } snhzrirfe pfs|rkohg}+

Zhbkoh g|}epi|hZpfemkief ghgf om } Dm|jm%

afsiki r|mk}rkf hgr}hnkh zhbkohg|}epi|h i Ũrf om khohkienoisiomzhbm zm kmŨrf kfsiom zf|rm h zsm siŨmzm hkmeh|}o} fkm r|hbijifkhnkm+

Rhgf kiom siŨm bfsfnokf khlhsirizomem liomnfa ini j|smkfa g|}epi|hsm om shŻkiom pfkhshri afzpfbh|%zgm i g}nikh|zgm fzflikm rhgsfag|}epi|h+ Zrfah bhkhz kh r|ŻiŨr}efŻmrm khlhsiri zomem g|}epi|h

Zomrsh pfs|h kh frsf|mki p|fzrf| } rfpnioie pfb|}ąoieh

S\ZRH PFS\ăHGFNIĎIKHZOMEMKH $a&e<)

S\IOMEM ZOMRSM

E\GSH 2 08+0:%:0+02+

JIGNH : 80+0:%8=+02+

PM\ŠIK : 08+0:%8=+02+

\HBIĎ = 08+0:+%80+02

ŠPH\FAH 80 08+0:%<0+0:+RIGSIJH 8 8=+02+%:0+02+

\HOĎIJH = 08+02+%<0+02

PHP\IGH 3 80+02+%<0+02+

A\HD EHD]KH\ 8 : 08+02+%:0+02+

A\HD _\KHŠ 82 08+02+%:0+02+

G\HZRHSHJ = zomemkgi } g}āij} 08+02+%:0+02+

Zhbkoh pfs|h kh frsf|mki p|fzrf| } rfpnioie pfb|}ąoieh

S\ZRH PFS\ăHL\FO

P\IOMZHBKIJH $e<)S\IOMEM ZHBKOM

PHP\IGH 82 80+02+%:0+02+\HOĎIJH = 80+02+%:0+02+PHRNIBŵHK = <0+02+%:0+02+

gfoi zm km |hzg}dhsh h p|hsnomkomg|}epi| zhnhrh $zhnhrki). h §nmŨf·p|ip|me} $h g}dhkom). }kism|hn%ki h g}dhkom i pmąmkom. h p|Żmkom

} b}lfgfe }no} $h pfec|ir i ąipz)ghf i h pi|m i g|}epi|kh riomzrh+Bhgnm. zshgh zf|rh g|}epi|h iehzsfo} kheomk} f ąme} li phg r|m%lhni i pfsmzri |hą}kh p|inigfe kh%

lhsm komafsh zomemkh+ _heomrkf omi bh zm } Dm|jmafsiki iphg zsm siŨmizrią} i zhbm kfsm zf|rm? H|kfsh.Efkhgf. \fgf. Zri|nika. gfom z} fbfsbhŨkoid zr|}ąkohgh gnhziji|hkmi ghf zf|rm l}b}kfzri } Dm|jmaf%siki+

P|mzhbkijm pfs|āhH }gfnigf lfa gniehrzgid km%

p|inigh kizrm }zpomni p|fismzri|hzhb pfs|h km r}a}orm om| Ha|f%jmkr|i Zomemkh|km } Efzrh|} i Ši%|fgfe L|ioma} i A|}bheh zshgmafbikm fzia}|ho} smnigm gfniąikmgfkrmoki|hkid p|mzhbkijh pfs|h+Zhbkofe gfkrmoki|hkid p|mzhbkijhpfs|m §km lfn}om· khgfk zhbkomsm fbehd khzrhsnoh zh zsfoie |h%zrfe rm p}kf |hkiom bfnhi kh |fb hi zhei p|ikfzi z} p}kf smi+ Ghgfzef b}noi ki afbikh pfekf sfbi%ni |hą}kh f ilf|} zf|riemkrh fsm

afbikm m zm } pfk}bi Zomemkh|kmkhi zhef p|fsom|mkm zf|rm gfom z}zm siŨm kmaf bfl|f pfghhnm } m%enoiŨkie i gniehrzgie p|inighehDm|jmafsikm+

GF\HLIJH % ehkompfkhrh g}p}zkohąh

Ihgf om ombkf fb p|sidp|fnomrkid sh|ish ipf|fbijm g}p}zkohąh.znhlf om hzr}pnomkh }p|fisfbkoi+ G}dh|i omzsm siŨm r|hŻm. h gf|izrmom h p|ip|me} o}dh.sh|ish. h kh|ilhkhhbmlnohnh zrhlnoighfbniąkh om zsomŻh zhnhrhhąikomkh fjrfe i }nome+

Gf|hlijh om bsfafbiŨkoh g}%p}zkohh. gfoh } p|sfo afbikikhgfk mrs|rfa bf zmbefa

nizrh pfikom hbmlnohshri zrhlnoi%

g} gfoh kh g|ho} pfp|iei fg|}ahfini fshnhk flnig+ Zsomrnfmnmkm om inino}lihzrm lfom+ Kh s|d} hbmlnohnmzrhlnoigm |fmrh om niŨh+ ] amkm|h%riskfo chi i ph}dh nizrfsh pfrom|h%o} jsomrkm a|hkm z s|Ũkie jshrfsieha|fbfsieh. Ż}rie jsomrfsieh ipnfbfsieh gh|hgrm|izrikie h fs}s|zr}+

]somri p|fisfbkom_h |hk} p|fisfbko} gf|hlijh r|h%

Żi nhgŨh rnh gfoh zm l|Żm ha|iohsho}.h h omzmkzg} p|fisfbko} pfsfnokhz} z|mbkom rmŨgh rnh z smie ghph%jirmrfe h sfb} } |mhgjio} rnh pD3%1.=+ Hgf zm gf|hlijh Żmni }ahohrikh gizmnie rnieh. pfr|mlkf om bf%bhshri shpkf h p|mrg}nr}|}+ Gfk%rikmkrhnkh gnieh fefa}hsh }afo|hkm gf|hlijm kh frsf|mkfe. gfohbfzpiomsh h lm|l} } zsilko} i nipko}.p|iom |hbflnoh sizfgid rmepm|hr}|h+P|mg|ishkom khzhbh ha|frmgzrinfeini pm|cf|i|hkfe PM cfniofe efŻm}l|hri lm|l} h 1%82 bhkh+

Gf|hlijh zm flikf zhbi khgfkg}nr}|m akfomkm f|ahkzgie akfoi%sieh+ Zhbkoh kh izrfo ph|jmni efŻmzm pfkfsiri rmg khgfk r|i zmfkm+

I Pā. + +

Gf|hlijh ieh |heom|kfg|hrg} smamrhjio} bf rmd%kfnfŨgm |mnfzri i hrf ofor|mlh fzia}|hri pfr|mlkhd|hkish } nhgf p|izr}%phkfe flnig}+

Ilf| zf|riZomemkzgm g}m k}bm siŨm |hni%

irid zf|ri gf|hlijm. h pfzmlkf C8 di%l|ibh. gfoi zm } fbkfz} kh gnhzikmzf|rm fbnig}o} ikrmkiskioie |hzrfe.lfnofe }ombkhmkfŨ} rmdkfnfŨgm|iflm i. kh|hskf. smie p|ikfzfe+B}Żikh smamrhjiom fb zhbkom bf pf%mrgh lm|lm efŻm liri fb 20 bf 800bhkh. h smniikh hbmlnohnm zrhlnoi%gm fb 10 a|heh } |hkid zf|ri bf <.=ga } ghzkid zf|ri+ Lfoh hbmlnohnmzrhlnoigm } smikm zf|ri om zsiomrnf%mnmkh $flikf zm khish liomnh). inipfnhsfno}lihzrh $pnhsh)+ Fb bfl|mzf|rm gf|hlijm r|hŻi zm frpf|kfzr khp}jhkom i gfkhsfzr. p|ioms|memk}c|}grighjio}. lfnmzri i Ũrmrkigm+

]afo gf|hlijmGhf i fzrhnm g}p}zkohm i gf|h%

lijh zm khomŨm }ahoh i p|mzhb%kijh+ _h |hk} p|fnomrk} p|fisfbko}

p|mzhbkijm zm p|fisfbm }hŨrimkie p|fzrf|ieh i rf } gfk%rmokm|ieh fb zri|fpf|h. smniikmnfkih fgf :0 e:+ _h 2%= rombhkhefŻm zm p|fismzri fgf 300 p|m%zhbkijh pf e< zh : bf = nizrfsh+ _h|hkio} p|fisfbko} kh frsf|mkfe }pfg|ishkom ha|frmgzrinfe ini pm|cf%|i|hkfe PM cfniofe gf|izrm zm smmp|mzhbkijm }afomkm } kmŨrf smienfkiieh $20%=0 e:)+ Rhgsm p|m%zhbkijm fefa}}o} |hkio} lm|l}.flikf 80%82 bhkh+

\hkm zf|rm gf|hlijm zio} zm kh}biak}rm a|mbijm. gfom r|mlh |hkiomp|ip|meiri bh zm rnf znmakm i pfs|Ũik%zgi znfo bfl|f p|fz}Ũi+ Ehn fb j|kmcfniom fefa}hsh l|Żm ha|iohshkompfs|Ũikzgfa znfoh rnh i lfnom }siom%rm h |hzr linohgh khgfk zhbkom+ _hp|fisfbko} gf|hlijm } omzmk. a|m%bijm kiz} p|iomgf pfr|mlkm. hni p|iomzhbkom rnf r|mlh bfl|f khrfpiri+

Zomrsh i zhbkoh\fgfsi zomrsm i zhbkom gf|hlijm

fsizm f gniehrzgie }somrieh i zf|%ri+ Rhgf p|ieom|ijm h |hkm i z|mbkom|hkm zf|rm zomrsh zm flhsnoh fb p|smbmghbm smnohm bf p|sm bmghbmfŻ}ogh. zhbkoh fb b|}am bmghbmfŻ}ogh bf p|sm bmghbm r|hskoh. hhgf om zsm flhsnomkf kh s|iomem.lm|lh li r|mlhnh liri fb p|sm bmgh%

bm zsilkoh ph bf b|}am bmgz|pkoh h z|mbkom ghzkm zf

] pfb|}oieh z smkhbef|zgfe sizikfe efm om pnhki|hri lm|l} i nom|fgfsm zomrsm i zhbkom r}zgnhbiri z b}Żikfe smajiom pfombikm zf|rm+

P|mzhbkijm zm zhbm kh izr} lik} kh gfofo z} linm } nfk\hehg zhbkom fsizi f zf|ri+ \hzf|rm gfom z} i znhliom l}okiom zm kh |hehg <= t = je ini :0 je. fbkfzkf 8:%83 linohgh pf eomzmkzgfe }afo} z|mbkom ghzghzkm zf|rm zhbm zm kh |heht :0 je ini :0t:0 je+ KhoshŻeom|h } khzhb} fbkfzi zm kh Żhshkom snham ikhb 3= - pfnozghphjirmrh. bh } zn}ho} ohid f|ikh km bfĘm bf p}jhkoh hbmlzrhlnoigm+ Šrf zm rim eom|h hŨrirlfnmzri i Ũrmrkigh. ombkhgm z} ghp|fisfbkoi b|}aid g}p}zkohh+

Lm|lh gf|hlijmGf|hlijh zm }anhskfe lm|m |}

|mŻ}i om fŨr|ie kfŻme kmpfz|mizpfb hbmlnohnm zrhlnoigm+ Izrfbkf zm fb|mŻ} zsi zrh|ioi i fŨrmnizrfsi+ ] p|fnomrkfe }afo} lom }anhskfe siŨmg|hrkh. h lm|zhef linogm gfom z} bfzrianm r|hŻsmniik} hbmlnohnm zrhlnoigm+ ]kh gf|hlijh phgi|h zm } nmrsh|ijg}riom+ _h p|hsinhk |hzr gf|hlijm lirf om shŻkh |hskfeom|kh fpzgsfbfe+ Hgf khgfk z}Ũkfa |hbphbkm ohh giŨh. hbmlnohnh zrhlp}jh+ Kh p}gk}rfe rgis} }l|zrsf|i ghn}z. hni rhgsh gf|hlijhkmeh r|Żk} s|iombkfzr+



+ I Fā

_lfa Ũrmrkfa bomnfshkoh Żią%kohgh zshgm zm afbikm p|m%ziohsh siŨm zrfrikh dmgrh|h

s|Ũikh pfb fgfphsikheh. p|iomah pfb g}g}|}fe i Ũmm|kfefe+ Gfnigf z} Żiąkohji fphzkirkiji pfnofp|is|mbkid g}nr}|hgh}om i ąikomkijh bh zm h koidf%z}liohkom gf|izri kmgfnigf p}rhm rs+ —’ menoiŨkid —’ ikzmgrijibh.f Ũrf zm r|fŨi h z}liohkom zsid

hnid Ũrmrkigh gfoi Żism } rn}+

kohji%khokhąhokioi menoiŨkirkiji

EmĘ} smie l|fome Ũrmrkigh gfoim } rn} khosmm Ũrmrm p|iąikoh%} Żiąkohji+ P|flnme Żiąkohgh omhŻmk i ąikomkijfe Ũrf om koidfsfliohkom bfzrh rmŨgf+ Khiem. hnig} fb smikm Ũrmrkigh gfom oma}m g}|hriskf z}liohri. gfb

d rf kiom efa}m ini om bfzrh frm%f+iąkohjieh z} gf|kohŨi. smniąikm<= ee. gfoi kiz} Ũrmrki. bhph%

efa} liri gf|izki om| zm d|hkmrkie g}gjieh. p|ieom|ijm ni%e }Ũieh+ Koidfsm niąikgm z} i%mkfa jinikb|iąkfa riomnh. gfom omf g|}rf. Ż}ghzrf zemĘm lfom

ąme} pfbzomho} kh gfehbmbmkm Żijm. lfa ąmah kfzm kh%

Żiąkohji+ \hsfo Żiąkohgh r|hom= afbikh+ B}noikh |hsfoh hsizi

s|zrm Żiąkohgh i kmgid shkozgid

ąielmkigh. p|iom zsid fb rmepm|h%r}|m i s|zrm d|hkm+

Khphbho} smnigi l|fopfnofp|is|mbkid g}nr}|h

ŵiąkohji z} smfeh pfnichaki Ũrmr%kiji+ D|hkm zm ekfaie linokie s|%zrheh+ _h rfpnh s|memkh Żiąkohjizm khnhm } pfs|Ũikzgfe znfo} rnh+

] zn}ąho} z}Ũm riomgfe nomrh ghbh }pfs|Ũikzgfe znfo} rnh kmeh bfsfno%kf snham Żiąkohji zm pfsnhąm kmŨrfb}lnom hgf om rnf |hdnf i p|f|hąkf+Hgf rf kiom zn}ąho rhbh fliąkf fzrh%o} } pfs|Ũikzgfe znfo} h pfr|mlm }snhi pfbei|}o} ikrmkiskie d|h%komkome zh zfąkie pfbmekie bi%omnfsieh linohgh+ _lfa rfah zm }snh%ąm } pfbmekm biomnfsm zrhlnoigm.pfzmlkf } afefnom. i } rfe |hbf%lno} efa} p|iąikiri smnigm Ũrmrm. p|i%eom|ijm gf|iomkh e|gsm ini afefnohg|}epi|h+ Pf|mb sm|righnkfa g|mrh%koh gfom om }somrfshkf snhafe. Żią%kohji zm g|m} i df|ifkrhnkf. h rf omg|mrhkom smhkf h r|hŻmkom d|hkm+L|Żm p|fkhnhŻmkom d|hkm ie fef%a}hsh p|isnhąkf bomnfshkom kmgidrsh|i. p|ieom|ijm JF< i niikh gfomin}ą}om gf|iomkom linohgh+ ] omzmkghbh hdnhbi bfnhi bf khrkiomsm|righnkm eia|hjiom. om| zm Żiąkohjipfsnhąm kiŻm } rnf khoąmŨm kh b}li%ki fb :0 bf =0 je+

Šrmrm z} s|nf smnigmŠrmrm gfom Żiąkohji khkfzm riom%

gfe afbikh kh pfnofp|is|mbkie

g}nr}|heh rmŨgf om p|fjiomkiri+Fkf Ũrf om zia}|kf omzrm bh z} fkmfa|fekm+ ]kiŨrhshkome gf|fszgidlinohgh Żiąkohji zm gfkjmr|i|ho} khpfnofp|is|mbkm g}nr}|m. ph z} Ũrm%rm i|hŻhokiom kh ph|jmnheh lmgf|fszgid linohgh kmaf fkieh khgfoieh ieh gf|fsh+ Rf km r|mlh pf%a|mŨkf zdshriri i frii } b|}a} g|ho%kfzr i kighgf km }kiŨrhshri gf|fsm.ghgf li zm Żiąkohji d|hkini gf|fsi%eh i ehkom khphbhni pfnofp|is|mb%km g}nr}|m+Z}Ũrikh om } rfem bh km

r|mlh rmŻiri bh zm } kmgfo pfnofp|i%s|mbkfo g}nr}|i pfrp}kf }kiŨrm zsigf|fsi. sm gf|fsm r|mlh zsmzri khfk} eom|} p|i gfofo l|fokfzri kmmiehri smi }romjho kh zehkomkm }|f%bh+ ] rfe zn}ąho} m p|f|iomĘmki

gf|fsi pfzn}Żiri Żiąkohjieh h d|h%k} ph m fki } ehkofo eom|i khph%bhri pfnofp|is|mbkm g}nr}|m+ Ikhąmr|mlh |hą}khri z rie bh }gfnigf zmŻmni bh } kmgfo pfnofp|is|mbkfo g}n%r}|i km l}bm gf|fsh. r|mlh |hą}khriz pfsmhkie Ũrmrheh fb Żiąkohgh.}gfnigf zm km p|fsmbm r|mri|hkom rnhp|iom zomrsm fb|mĘmkm pfnofp|is|mb%km g}nr}|m+

Afefnoi g|}epi|h kho}a|fŻmkioiEmĘ} g}nr}|heh gfom z} pf%

zmlkf pfbnfŻkm khphb} Żiąkohgh.g|}epi| h}ieh sizfgf eomzrf+Khiem pfombikid afbikh pfzrfrhgfŨrmmkid afefnoh g|}epi|h om s|nfsmnig+ Zieprfei fŨrmmkoh }fąhsho}zm } flnig} zirkid |}pijh+

P]ŵMSI ‚ zsmkhhokioi Ũrmrkijipfs|rnh|zgid g}nr}|hkfo s|zri zhef kmŨrf ehkoid romnm%zkid biemkioh)+

_hŨrirhP}Żmsi fŨrm}o} linogm } koidf%

sie |hniąirie chheh |hsfoh+ Koi%dfsh fŨrmmkoh z} fzflirf g|iriąkh} chi kijhkoh linohgh om| bfsfbm bf

koidfsh p|fphbhkoh+ Kh fb|hznielinogheh p}Żmsi zr|}Ż} i pm|cf|i|ho}niŨm i zrhlnoigm+ ] fkie pfb|}ąoiehabom zm p}Żmsi ohsnoho} } pfsmhkfopfp}nhjioi. zshghgf r|mlh p|fsfbirieom|m hŨrirm+

Eom|m hŨrirm p|fris fsid ŨrmrkighefŻmef pfbiomniri } bsiom zg}pikm?

8+ emdhkiągm eom|m hŨrirm<+ gmeiozgm eom|m hŨrirm

Emdhkiągm eom|m p|fsfbm zm}anhskfe } ehnie pfs|rkohjieh ikh ehnie pfs|Ũikheh+ Fkm zm zh%zrfom } }p|hli |hniąirid rsh|i gfomzm |hlhjho} fgf pfs|rkohgh i gfomzsfoie bomnfshkome iz}Ũ}o} riomnfp}Żmsh.rm fk }ailh+ Kmgm rsh|i i kh%a|iho} riomnf.fbkfzkf zrfphnf p}Żh+Rsh|i gfom zm }l|hoho} } emdhkią%gm eom|m hŨrirm z}? Żisf i ahŨmkfshpkf.pmpmf. eikm|hnkh akfoishi b|+ Pfzmlkh eom|h hŨrirm p|frisp}Żmsh om p|ieomkh pish $hr|hgrhkrgfoma p}Żmsi flfŻhsho})+

I B. + +

P}Żmsi } pfombikie afbikh%eh efa} khkiomri smnigmŨrmrm.pfzmlkf pfs|}+ D|hkm

zm zsie s|zrheh pfs|h.fzie n}%gfe i ąmŨkohgfe+ Khosmm Ũrmrm z}h snhŻkh s|memkh.pfzmlijm kf}+Izr|hŻishkoh z} bfghhnh bh khosmmŨrmrm riomgfe kfi p|iąikohsho} i%emĘ} <8 i 8 zhr+ Šrmrm z} nhgf }fąnoi%sm om| p}Żmsi i zmlm fzrhsnoho} zn}%hsm r|hafsm.fbkfzkf z|ml|mkghzrmp|}am i fzrhrgm iemrh+

Fb pfs|rkid g}nr}|h pfzmlkfp|mcm|i|ho} zhnhr} i g}p}zkohąm ro+r|hŻm zfąkm enhbm nizrfsm.h s|nfąmzrf fŨrm}o} i pnfbfsm b|}aid pf%s|rkid g}nr}|h+ KhoąmŨm zm d|hkmniŨme.} gfome ia|iho} |}pm inifzrhsm zhef mpibm|e}+ Fzie nizrf%sh i pnfbfsh s|nf ąmzrf ia|iho} ignijh rm enhbm linogm+

P}Żmsi zm biomnm } bsiom smnigmzg}pikm% p}Żmsi afnhi% p}Żmsi z g}ijfe

P}Żmsi afnhi ieho} ib}Żmkf ri%omnf flhsiomkf zn}hsie pnhŨrme.h} kmgid s|zrh zm kh nmĘkfo zr|hkiefa} }fąiri fzrhji no}Ũr}|m+ Smniąi%kh riomnh ie sh|i|h+ EmĘ} Ũrmrkigmpfs|rkid g}nr}|h }l|hohef p}Żmsmąioh zm smniąikh riomnh g|mm fb =%8=ee+ Kh anhsi ie zm khnhm bsh ph|hrijhnh+ Kh s|d} b}noma ph|h zeomŨrm%km z} fąi+ Gfb kmgid p}Żmsh afnhhp|iz}rkh om zheffpnfbkoh+ Ri p}Żmsiz} i |fbh Nieht i H|ifk+

Khosmi Ũrmrkiji emĘ} p}Żmsiehafnhieh z} i |fbfsh? Einht. H|ifk.Nieht i Bm|fjm|hz+ Fzie fsid p}%Żmsh s|nf ąmzri afzri } pfs|rkohjiehz} i p}Żmsi z g}ijfe+ Pfzmlkf z}khąhokm bsiom s|zrm i rf? Dmnit pf%ehrih ‚ sikfa|hbh|zgi p}Ż i Dmnit kmef|hniz ‚ $s|zrh zniąkh p|mrdfb%

Gmeiozgm eom|m hŨrirm pfs|r%kid g}nr}|h fb p}Żmsh zhzrfom zm} p|ieomki gmeiozgid p|mph|hrh‚ niehjibh+ Niehjibi zm gf|izrmghf hr|fshki eheji gfoi zm|hzipho} pf rn} } linogm+ Bhkhzzm khosiŨm gf|izr p|ip|hshg pfbkhisfe P}Żfef|+ Pfzrhsnomkmehejm pfr|mlkf om ąmzrf h%eomkoishri kfsie om| zrh|i ia}lmhr|hgriskfzr+




ă.+ +Zshgm afbikm kh r|ŻiŨr} zomemkh g}g}|}h } LiD bfnhm kfsi dil|ibi gfoiieho} ki p|mbkfzri } fbkfz} kh pfzrfomām+ Bh li ri dil|ibi pfghhni zsm zsfomp|mbkfzri pfr|mlkf om bh id p|hri fbafsh|ho}āh ha|frmdki gh+ Zshghgf. omzmkzghfl|hbh rnh om i}mrkf lirkh ha|frmdkiągh eom|h h pfzrihkom sizfgid }|fbhg}g}|}h+

P|hsinf om bh zm. fzie kh nhgiepomzgfsirie rnieh i kh s|nfkhak}rie rm|mkieh abom p|i%

fphzkfzr fb m|fiom rnh. f|m khmk om| zm kh rho khąik fzrsh|}o}f shŻki }somri h kf|ehnhk |hzrsfo g}g}|}h+ Hgf zm km f|mmzmk km efŻm zm pfzrii bfsfno%|hzr|mzir znfo h |hsfo gf|omkh ibkf ąs|zri zomrsmki znfo } gfome

gniohkom i kijhkom l|f fbsioh.bfnhi bf |mb}gjiom zgnfph gfohfg}om bfbhrk} hgf|fsnomkfzr igf zehkomkom p|ikfzh+ RhgfĘm|.kome kh omzmk pfsmhsh zm gf%kh hg}e}ni|hkm flf|ikzgm sfbm} g}g}|} gf|izri } nomrkfe |h%no} ghb e} om khopfr|mlkioh h

sfo gniph i |kh+

RSH G]G]\]_H

rh|f om |hrh|zgf p|hsinf? g}g}%r|mlh ziohri rhgf bh |kf nmakm

rs|b} pfzrmno}. h bh ieh |hdnig|ishą+

S|nf ąmzrf } p|hgzi zm bfahĘhs|nf pnirgh zomrsh fb 8%< je. h pf%zrmnoijh om linh kh b}liki fb 4% 80je+ ] fshgsie zn}ąhomsieh |kf

km efŻm }piri bfsfnok} gfniąik}snham h pfąmrhg gniohkoh i kijhkoh+Z b|}am zr|hkm. bfahĘhnf zm bh om|kf pfziohkf p|mb}lfgf $ąhg i bf8= je b}likm) } liri znfo abom z}kh|}Ũmki sfbf%|hąki fbkfzi. abomkmeh bfsfnokf |hgh i abom zm |kfombkfzrhskf „}a}Ũi―+

Ekfai pfnofbomnji zio} afbikh%eh. h bh km kho} ghgf zm koidfshsnhzrirh ziohąijh pfbmŨhsh h zomrs}fb|mĘmkfa l|foh |kh pf ombikijipfs|Ũikm+ Rhgf zm bfahĘh bh zm zsidil|ibi zio} kh izri |hehg } |mb}lm fli|h f p|mpf|}gheh p|fisf%

Ęhąh zomemkh f fpriehnkfo a}zrfizomrsm h pfombikm dil|ibm+ RhgfĘm|.ofŨ }siomg smnig l|fo pfnofbomnhjhziom p|m|iomrgf. h kh rho khąik kmefŻm zm pfzrii ehgziehnki p|ikfz+

ZYKAMKRIK I_LF\ DIL\IBH

KG Hnpdh om |hki dil|ib g}g}|}%h i zg}pikm CHF :40 gfoi zm gf%|izri h |kf $}lhk)+ P|mpf|}ąmkizgnfp linohgh pf dh ikfzi 1<000%19+000+ Ziom zm kh |hehg 84%<0 je}k}rh| |mbh+ Dil|ib KG Hnpdh fbni%g}om zrhlinhk }|fb } zsie }somriehp|fisfbkom. fbniąkie frp}Ũrhkomesnham+ Dil|ib om rfnm|hkrhk kh lfnm%zri gniph. h gnipfsi zm } chi |iflmfg|m} p|meh bfnom+ Kh zrhlnoiji zmąmzrf ohsnoh pf bsh gniph+

KG Jizgf om dil|ib g}g}|}h izg}pikm CHF 2:0 gfoi zm gf|izri hp|fisfbko} |kh $}lhk)+ P|mpf%

|}ąmki zgnfp linohgh pf dh ikfzi3=000%10+000. h ziom zm kh |hehg89%8< je }k}rh| |mbh+ Dil|ib zm fb%nig}om l|ie pfąmrkie pf|hzrfe.rm ąs|zrfe zrhlnoigfe+ Šrf zm riąmilf|h rnh. dil|ib KG Jizgf om pfaf%bhk h z|mbkom rmŨgh i rmŨgh rnh+

KG Jfn}elih om dil|ib g}g}|}%h i zg}pikm CHF 220 gfoi zm gf%|izri h p|fisfbko} |kh $}lhk)+P|mpf|}ąmki zgnfp linohgh pf dhikfzi 18000%19+000. h ziom zm kh|hehg 80%<0 je }k}rh| |mbh+ Di%l|ib fbnig}o} ąs|zrh zrhlnoigh gfomzm km nfei kiri pfniomŻm+ Dil|ib KGJfn}elih om pf}bhk dil|ib } zr|m%zkie }somrieh. rm ieh fbniąhk }|fbz}dfa |kh+

KG Phgf om dil|ib g}g}|}h izg}pikm CHF 290 gfoi zm gf|izrih p|fisfbko} |kh+ P|mpf|}ąmkizgnfp linohgh om 18000%1=+000 pfdmgrh|}+ Dil|ib KG Phgf om |mgf|%bm| } zsfofo a|}pi pf }|fb}+ Anhskhfbnigh dil|ibh om bh bfl|f pfbkfzizr|mz ihshk z}Ũfe i sizfgie rme%

pm|hr}|heh+ \omĘi zgnfp khbfgkh%Ę}om smniąikfe gniph+ KG Phgf ompfafbhk h zomrs} kh nhgŨie rniehrm h lm|l} } gnip}+

KG Rieij om dil|ib g}g}|}h izg}pikm CHF =00 gfoi zm gf|izrih h p|fisfbko} |kh hni i h zi%nhŻ}+ P|mpf|}ąmki zgnfp linohgh om18000%1=000 pf dmgrh|}+ Gfb rfazgnfph |hehg zomrsm }k}rh| |mbhikfzi 89%<0 je+ Dil|ib fbnig}omsizfgh i ąs|zrh zrhlnoigh.g|}phkgnip rm sizfg }|fb zinhŻm i |kh+ Di%l|ib Rieij bhom |mgf|bkm }|fbm }ikrmkiskie }somrieh p|fisfbkom+

KG Ahnhjrij om dil|ib g}g}|}hi zg}pikm CHF =20 gfoi zm gf|izrih p|fisfbko} |kh+ P|mpf|}ąm%ki zgnfp linohgh om 34000%18000pf dmgrh|}+ Ziom zm kh |hehg fb<0%<8 je }k}rh| |mbh+ Dil|ib omrfnm|hkrhk kh z}Ũ} rm pfafbhk hikrmkiskm }somrm p|fisfbkom+ Pf%

afbhk om h |hkm |fgfsm zomrsm+KG Dmnijf om dil|ib g}g}|}h

i zg}pikm CHF ==0 gfoi zm gf|izrih p|fisfbko} |kh hni i h zinh%Ż}+ P|mpf|}ąmki zgnfp linohgh om3=000%18+000 pf dmgrh|}+ Ziom zmkh |hehg <0%<< je }k}rh| |mbh. hhgf zm gf|izri h p|fisfbko} zinhŻmziom zm 80 - a}Ũi zgnfp+ Dil|ib fb%nig}om |fl}zkh. sizfgh i nizkhrh zrh%lnoigh. rm i}mrkf g|}pkf |kf khgnip}+ Dil|ib om i}mrkf pfafbhkh lm|l} } gnip} fbkfzkf lm|l}gfelhokfe+

KG Ehsm|ig om dil|ib g}g}|}hi zg}pikm CHF =90 gfoi zm gf|izrih zinhŻ} |kh i jiomnm linogm+ P|m%pf|}ąmki zgnfp linohgh om 3=000%18000 pf dmgrh|}+ Ziom zm kh |h%ehg <0%<< je }k}rh| |mbh. h gfb}afoh h zinhŻ} 80 - a}Ũm+ Dil|ibKG Ehsm|ig fbnig}om |mgf|bhk}|fb rm i}mrkf gshnirmrkh zinhŻh|kh i jiomnm linogm+ Dil|ib om p|mpf%khrnois pf sizfgfo. ąs|zrfo zrhlnoijiz }zp|hskie Ũi|fgie nizrfsieh ig|}pkie gnipfe+ Kg Ehsm|ig omi}mrkf rfnm|hkrhk kh lfnmzri nizrh.zrhlnoigm i gniph+

KG Zyjf|h om dil|ib g}g}|}h izg}pikm CHF 3<0 gfoi zm gf|izri hzinhŻ}+ P|mpf|}ąmki zgnfp linohgh om30+000%3=+000 pf dmgrh|}+ \h%ehg zomrsm gfb fsfa dil|ibh ikf%zi <8%<: je }k}rh| |mbh+ Anhskmfbnigm fsfa dil|ibh z} l| pfąmrkipf|hzr. sizfgh i nizkhrh zrhlnoigh rmbmlmf gnip

KG Ha|hkf om dil|ib g}g}|}hi zg}pikm 330 gfoi zm gf|izri h

zinhŻ}+ P|mpf|}ąmki zgnfp linohghpf dmgrh|} ikfzi 30+000%3=+000.h |hehg zomrsm <8%<: je+ Hgf zmdil|ib gf|izri izgno}ąisf h zinh%

Ż} fkbh zm efŻm ziohri i 80- azgnfp+ I}mrkf gshnirmrhk dil|izinhŻ} gfoh om bfl|f p|flhsnoiszrfg}+

_hŨrirh fb gf|fshZ}liohkom gf|fsh ombhk om fb gno}ąkid efemkhrh } p|fisfbkoi g

g}|}h+ G}g}|} om i}mrkf fzomrnois kh p|iz}rkfzr gf|fsh. pfzmlkfpfąmrkie hheh |hzrh+ Fzkfsk} hŨrir} fb gf|fsh $}gfnigf kiz} pz}rki siŨmafbiŨkoi gf|fsi) pfr|mlkf om flhsiri khoghzkiom bf 2%= nizrfg}g}|}h. om| zm khgfk rm hm kmahrishk }romjho gf|fsh kh }|fb l|pfsmāhsh+

Kfsioh izr|hŻishkoh $ZHB. <080) afsf|m f bfzhb ehkom pfkhrfo komkiji bh |hkf }gnhkohkom gf|fsh } g}g}|}} zp|omąhsh fbliohkom kpfsfnokfa zpmgr|h zsomrnfzri kh nizrfsm g}g}|}h+ Khiem. }gfnigf z} rn} p|iz}rkm enhbm gf|fszgm linogm fkm |mcmgri|ho} zpmgrh| rs+„bhnmj|smkm zsomrnfzri„ khhb kh nizrfsm+ Linogh g}g}|}h p|mpfkhom rhgzsiomrnfzr i smā zm } |hkie |hsfokie hheh $2%= nizrfsh) p|ip|mehbhnoi |hzr } kmpfsfnokie }somrieh+

]gfnigf zm rhgsh zsomrnfzr fblioh kh nizrfsm g}g}|}h bf hm = nizsh $bhgnm. }gfnigf zm rnf bf rhbh km fąizri fb gf|fsh) fsho p|fjmz pfzrhi|msm|ilinhk. ro+ km efŻm zm siŨm s|hriri } kf|ehn} i a}lirhg }|fbhkmeikfshk+ ] gfkg}|mkjio} h d|hkish i sfb}. fsm zpfkhom p|mbzrhnoho} ofŨ ombhk bfbhrki |hnfa hŨrf }zoms g}g}|}h r|mlh |hkf fąizfb gf|fsh+

N]EHT om dm|lijib gfoi pfg|ish khoŨi|i zpmgrh| ombkfafbiŨkoid g|fsh. }gno}ą}o}āi i khors|bfgf|kiom hl}rinfk. ąiąhg i hel|fio}+ N}eieh i khob}noi efa}āi |fg p|ieomkm i rf fb zomrsm bf 2+ Nizrh g}g}|}Khop|ieom|mkioi rm|eik h p|ieomk} N}eht%h om |hkf khgfk kijhkg}g}|}h+ Rhbh zm kholfnom izgf|izrm zsm p|mbkfzri fsfa p|mph|hrh+ Neht zm gf|izri } bfi :.=%2 n&dh. hni zm ąmzrf gf|izri i } gfelikhjiohe

8+ Hgf om kh ph|jmni khgfk kijhkoh g}g}|}h p|iz}rhk znhg rhbh kholfnom gf|izriri gfelikhjio}? N}eht :.= n&dh ' Pmhg 8=%<0 a|&dhMtr|hsfk 0.8 n&800 n sfbm

<+ ] zn}ąho} ehkogh snham ąmghri kh p|ieom|mkm phbhnikm $8=%ee). gfŨrhk pfąikom lfgf|mkom. rhbh om kholfnom gf|izriri gfelikhjiN}eht : n&dh ' Efrismnn 0.2 n&dh ' Mtr|hsfk 0.8 n&800 n sfbm

3




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b|+ Ishk Fzrfoiā

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Ehrmh Pmdh|.bipn+ika+

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g|}epi|h. r|hŻif ombk} zf|r} gfoh zm

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g|}pkfm+Eh|if ă}lmnh.bipn+ika+

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hkieh ghbh id r|mlh p|id|hkiri i gfoh

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zkf p|ieiomrif zhe bh ie nizrfsi Ż}rm6

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gnf|fm gfoh om ripiąkh } p|fnomrkfe|hbflno}. ph om zrfah kmfpdfbkfbfbhri Żmnomf Zmx}mzr|mk 8:4 ZA iniCnf|amk 3 } gfniąiki fb = ‚ 80 a&n sfbm+

Isijh Bfgf.bipn+ika+

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hkieh gfnigi om pfŻmnoki |hehg

nigfe zhbkom iemĘ} linohgh i gf

zm efŻm fąmgishri pnfbfsh pf om

linoji6

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Ishk Pm|iā.bip


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zm rf kmahriskf fb|hŻhsh kh fpnfb%ko} i hemrhkom pnfbfsh+ ] pfanmb}fpzg|lm sfbfe a|hd ehd}kh| ieh}eom|mkm hdromsm+ PfŨrf zm gf%|iomkfs z}zrhs }anhskfe khnhi }pfs|Ũikzgfe znfo} rnh. pfr|mlm hsfbfe z} ehkom } fbkfz} kh b|}ampfs|rkm g}nr}|m+ Iphg. } rfe pfanm%b} ef|hef sfbiri |hą}kh bh kipf%Ũrf km p|mrom|hef om| p|mgfeom|khgfniąikh sfbm $zrhaki|ho}h sfbh)efŻm bfsmzri bf pfehkoghkoh gi%zigh } fki gf|iomkh+ Fzie rfah.p|msmnigh gfniąikh sfbm } s|iomemjshrkom efŻm p|f}|fąiri fphbhkomjsiomrh i zehkomkom p|ikfzh+ Khbh%nom. } pfanmb} rnh a|hd ehd}kh| kiomp|mrom|hkf hdriomshk rm kholfnom}zpiomsh kh bfl|f b|mki|hkie rni%eh ghf i rnieh bfl|m zr|}gr}|m gfohieho} bfsfnokf shpkh+

Pnfbf|mb i zomrshIhgf smikh khŨid pfnofp|is|mb%

kid p|fisfĘhąh hkmeh|}om pnf%bf|mb i komafsf pfŨrishkom. pnfbf%zeomkh ieh smnig} shŻkfzr } }afo}a|hdh ehd}kh|h+ Khiem. a|hd eh%d}kh| li kh izr} ph|jmn} r|mlhfpfkfskf bfi rmg khgfk 2 afbikm+Bfl|h p|mrg}nr}|h om g|}epi| ghfi zr|kh Żirh bfg zm kipfŨrf ghf p|m%b}zoms km p|mpf|}ą}om }afo a|hŨ%gh. lflh i pfs|h i izrm pf|fbijm+Zomrsh a|hdh ehd}kh|h flhsnoh zmkh emĘ}|mbki |hehg 20 bf 40 jebfg |hehg } |mb} ikfzi =%<0 je+B|}aie |iomąieh kizgm zf|rm zio} zmkh |hehg fb = je bfg zm sizfgmzf|rm zio} kh smi |hehg } |mb}.

gfoi r|mlh ikfziri 8=%<0 je+ Zomemzm ziom kh b}lik} fb :%= je+

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+ I Fā

0


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Gąā. + +

A|mop h e|Ũhsnomkom izehkomkom gfnmzrm|fnh

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B Eā. + +

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Pfohsh i niomąmkom gnf|fm

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Zieprfei kh pfombikieg}nr}|heh

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Ikhąm. Żmnomf om znhlf pfg|mrnoisf} linoji i zpf|iom zm p|mkfzi } f|ah%km abom om khopfr|mlkiom. zrfah zmŻ}rijh pfohsi khop|iom kh s|dfsiehenhbijh i nizrfsh+ ] sikfa|hbiehgfb khz ąmzrh om pfohsh gnf|fm.}zniomb ąmah bfnhi bf z}Ũmkoh ni%zrfsh $kmg|fh). fbkfzkf hgf zmkm pfb}e} hbmgshrkm eom|m. r|%zfsi efa} p|fphbhri+ Gfb sikfsmnfm khgfsi kmbfzrhrgh Żmnomh zmohsnoho} km|hskfeom|kf. ro+ Ż}mkomzm ikmkhbh p|ieiomri zhef kh pf%ombikie r|zfsieh. bfg z} z}zombkikf|ehnkf |hsiomki+ _hrie. gnf|fh

zm ofŨ ąmzrf ohsnoh kh ha|}eieh.smikh gfŨriąhsid sfhgh $l|mzgsh.eh|mnijh. Ũnoish‣). ghf i kh ohl}%ji i g|}Ũgi+ Izrf rhgf i hgrikibioh omfzomrnoish kh pfehkoghkom Żmnomhfzflirf } pfąmrg} smamrhjiom abomzm pfohsno}om Ż}mkom nizrfsh+ Zm%fkzgf jsiomm } pfz}bheh ąmzrfpfbniomŻm gnf|fi. ghf i r|hskohjii }g|hzki a|efsi. ph om zrfah km%fpdfbkf pfb}mri fbafsh|ho}meom|m+

Niomąmkom gnf|fmRhef abom zm pfohsi gnf|fh ghf

ifnfŨgh lfnmzr r|mlh p|msmkriskfi i|hskf bomnfshri. z jinome }ehkom%koh msmkr}hnkid Ũrmrh+ P|mpf|}ąh zmakfoiblh Żmnomkie z}nchrfe‛mnm%kfe ahnijfe„. hrie dmnhri Żmnomh.ghf kp|+ Zmx}mzr|mk Cm 8:4 ZA iCnf|amk 3+ Khgfk p|ieomkm }ąikji

zm p|ieom}o} sm h kmgfnigf bz rie bh zm nizrfsi mnmkm. pflfsh zm jshrkoh i lfoh jsomrfsh+ _mahnijh zm hf|m } rnf fb 8 bf : gasfhgh } fsizkfzri fb zrh|fzrizhbh. h Zmx}mzr|mk i Cnf|amk 3 f‚ 8=0 a pf zrhln}+ Gfb ha|}eh om fb = ‚ 80 a Żmnomh |hzrsf|mnir|i sfbm+ _h gfŨriąhsf sfm 2a&n sfbm+ _h giqi } bsh khs|hrhbiŨkom } bfi fb < a&n sfbm+ Ohli g|}Ũgh. <%: p}rh afbiŨkom } < ‚ : a&n sfbm+ Sikfsh nfh 80 ‚a pf r|z}+ _h zsm pfs|rkm g}nr}a } : ‚ 2 nir|h sfbm&e< + _h r|hsgm : ‚ 2 nir|m sfbm pf e< } bf8 a+ Flhsiri : ‚ 2 p|ieomkm afb} |hehg} fb rombhk bhkh+ ŵmf zm efŻm p|ieiomkiri i i|hskflsmkf hniomshkom ghzkiom+ ŵki dmnhri $Zmx}mzr|mk i Cnf|amz} pfzrfohki } rn} h pD s|iombiemĘ} 2 i 9+ Akfoiblh ŻmnomefŻm zm p|ieomkoishri fb fŻ}og|}okh eomzmjh+

L \F O 1 9 • F ŵ ] O H G & R \H S H KO < 0 8 < +

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L \F O 1 9 • F ŵ ] O H G & R \H S H KO < 0 8 < +



Z}liohkom efkiniom khgfŨriąhsie sfgheh

fkinih nhth khphbh p|mrmŻkf gfŨriąhsm sfāgm? r|mŨko}. siŨko}. Ũnois}. l|mzgs}.h|mnij}+ KhoąmŨāh om kh eh|mniji. siŨkoi i l|mzgsi+ ] pfombikie afbikheh. fbm lfnmzri. efŻm pfrp}kf ifzrhri }|fb+

B. + +

_h sfāh|m gfoi ieho} kmgfnigf zrhlnh gfŨriąhsid sfāhgh p|mbnhŻm%ef khlhsg} p|ip|hsgh Ziak}e } phgi|hko} fb <0 a| gfoi om bfzrhrhkh ombk} nmĘk} p|zghnij} gfofe zm efŻm pfp|zghri kmgfnigf sfākidzrhlhnh+

Z}Ũmkom enhbijh ehkicmzri|hzm } jshrkoi i fbehd ih jshr%kom+ Enhbijh p|fjshrm. hni rhbh

i ini ehkoi l|fo jsomrfsh pfąikomnf zemĘiri. z}Ũiri zm i p|fphbh%

Enhbijh zm fz}Ũi+ Ekfai no}bi km

o}i h }|fg zsfbm rf kh dnhb%} ini e|h+ EmĘ}rie. hgf zm |hbie|h}. fkbh zm z}Ũm zsi jsomrfsikm sfgm. h } fsfe zn}ąho} zmm zhef jsomrfsi kh pfombikie

hbijheh+ L|fo rhgf fz}Ũmkidhbijh z jsomrfsieh efŻm kh zrh%

liri smnig. ph ąirhsh sfgh iehfzrhk ianmb om| om hdshmkh }kfo jshrkoi+ \fbh kh|hskf kmeh+Khog|iriąkiom om }p|hsf |hbflnom

rkom ghbh om giŨfsirf i p|fdnhb%s|iomem z smnigfe gfniąikfe

am+ Ghbh sfgh p|fĘm ch} jshr%i pnfbfsi ehnf kh|hzr}. kmeh

siŨm efa}kfzri p|fbf|h anoism }enhbij}+

Hgf z} z}di i pfsfnoki }somri }s|iomem jshrkom. km bfnhi bf h%|hm i rm afbikm kmeh z}Ũmkoh enh%bijh+ Kf. } zn}ąho} }hzrfpkfa pf%khsnohkoh giŨfsirfa s|memkh siŨmafbikh } s|iomem jshrkom. zr|hbho}enhbijm. ohsnoh zm zefnfrfg i sfghpfnhahkf znhli i z}Ũi zm+ Rf zm khoąm%Ũm bfahĘh gfb l|mzgsm. eh|mnijm isiŨkom. h bhnmgf znhliom om i|hŻmkfgfb r|mŨkom i Ũnoism+

_hŨrirhP|si bif hŨrirm zm fbkfzi izgno}%

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Bhnom. flhsmkf zm ef|ho} zgi%k}ri i zphniri ini hgfphri zsi e}ei%ji|hki pnfbfsi fzrhni kh b|smr}+RhgfĘm| izpfb sfhgh li linf bfl|fpfąizriri rm|mk fb efa}id fzrhrhghsfh+ I fkf khoshŻkiom. p|zghkom }p}kfo jshrkoi z f|ahkzgie c}kai%jibieh? Ziak}e. Jdf|}z i b|+ p|i%p|hsji+

JSHRKOH SIKFSM

NF_M % p|zghri ini km(

Fb jshrkom sikfsmnfm } smnigfo eom|ifsizi i g|hokoi }|fb.fbkfzkf. p|ikfza|fŻĘh } sikfa|hbiehZrfah om jshrkohombkh fb khoshŻkioidmkfhh } ikrmkiskfsikfa|hbh|zgfop|fisfbkoi+

K \. + +

]zmfzgfe Żh|afk} Dm|jm%afsikm i bhk bhkhz ąmzrfefŻmef ą}ri }|mąij} ‛_h

jshrkom ki prijh km zeiom p|fnmririsikfa|hbfe„ ini ‛] jshrkoi kmefo kianmbhr } sikfa|hb„+ H ghgf om zshghzmfzgh rs|bkoh }ombkf eizhfkh rmkh g|ho} i rmf|iozgi pfrg|iompnomkhrhghs om zn}ąho i z jshrkofe sikfsmnfm+ Khiem. zrh|ioi z} sikfa|hbh|ibfl|f khni ghgf lfa smnigm fzomr%noisfzri sikfsm nfm. } fsfo chi $}jshrkoi) r|mlh ilomahshri zsm ha|f%rmdkiągm eom|m i p|fnomrkm |hbfsm$hnhehkom nhzrh|h. p|id|hkoishkom.hniomshkom i zn+) om| riem zhef ef%Żmef kmahriskf bomnfshri kh riomgfp|hŨishkoh i fpnfbkom sikfsm nfm+Fzie rfah. zsieh khe om pfkh%rf ghgf khanh hdnhĘmkoh i flinkmgiŨm h r|hohkoh jshrkom s|nf Ũrmrkfbomn}o} kh fpnfbko} sikfsm nfm+

Pfzmlijm z} fphzki ghzki p|fnomrkie|hmsi gfoi efa} khkiomri kmpf%p|hsnois} Ũrmr} jsiomr} i rhgf i|hs%kf }romjhri kh zehkomkom }|fbha|fŻĘh+

R|hohkom jshrkomR|hohkom jshrkom fsizir m f siŨm

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fpnfbkom. i pnfbkijm m zm |hsirilflijh. h ko}Ũgh i s|hr r}gh fz}Ũmzm i frphbk}+ Kh s|d} lflijm fzrhomrheki fŻinohg } flnig} rfgijm+ Zpf%emkief ofŨ i ghgf jsomrhkom pfikom

ghbh bkmskm rmepm|hr}|m p|iomĘ} 8=zr}pkomsh J. bfg om fpriehnkh rme%pm|hr}|h h kmzemrhkf fp|hŨishkomi fpnfbko} kmabom iemĘ} <= i :0zr}pkomsh J+ EmĘ}rie. h rf om fziepfsfnokm rmepm|hr}|m kmfpdfbkh i}eom|mkh snhŻkfzr+ B|}aie |iomi%eh. z}df i somr|fsirf s|iomem kmah%riskf zm fb|hŻhsh kh fpnfbko} si%kfsm nfm. h Ũrf om zn}ho i z giŨfe rmkhanie hdnhĘmkoieh+ Hni. zsi jsom%rfsi } a|fb} kmm zm fpnfbiri rm mfb koid 8=0 bf 8000. gfnigf id efŻmliri p|iz}rkf } ombkfe jshr}. frph%zri fgf =0 pfzrf+ _lfa rm ‛p|i|fbkmzmnmgjiom„ kh g|ho} m zm } ombkfea|fb} |hsiri fb 800 bf 100 lflijh+

P|zghkom z cfnioh|kie akfoisieh khfzkfsi lf|h

Kmgm zf|rm sikfsm nfm }siomgieho} nfŨ} fpnfbko}+ P|ieom|ijm. }Dm|jmafsiki om rf zn}ho zh zf|rfeLnhrikh gfoi ieh Żmkzgi jsiomr ph

ofo r|mlh bflh| fp|hŨish+ Gfb b|}%aid zf|ri ghf p|flnmeznhlm fpnfbkom mzrfom kmbfzrhrhg lf|h+Ghgf li zm rf ilom%

anf. sikfs} nf} r|mlh p|zghri jshrko}. kmgie fb akfoish kh fzlf|h+ P|mpf|}hef gf|iŨrmkom aksh pfb khisfe LF\CHZR. akfgfom efŻmrm eiomŨhri z gmeiozp|ip|hsjieh+

_hŨrirh sikfa|hbh }jshrkoi%fp|hsbhkf ini km6

R} pfzrfom fp|mkh eiŨnomkoh+iem. pfombiki sikfa|hbh|i h r|hojshrkom ki h Żis} anhs} km }nhzsfom khzhbm. bfg b|}ai } }somefa}m pfohsm lfnmzri iphg om nf} i hŨrirm+ H Ũrf om izp|hsrmŨgf om zh 800 pfzrfrkfe zia}Ũ} |mi+ _lfa zsmah rfah sikfr|mlh r|mri|hri kmpfz|mbkf jshrko} kmgie fb bfzr}pkid zeikid c}kaijibh. h zsm ghgf li Ũrf b}Żm s|memkh linh hŨrifb pfohsm linokid lfnmzri+ Z bzr|hkm. }gfnigf sikfs} nf} khbmgshrkf hŨririni p}kf om pfkiom r|mri|hri sikfa|hb i h r|hjshrkom. kmaf p}zriri bh ah khphi } komah ‛zm khzrhki„ lfnmzr+ Rmef. izrikh. ia}liri bif }|fbm khe kh gfkj} p|mfzrhnf a|liri b|hsf. Ũrf om }fzrhnfe i jinkfa|hbh|zgm p|fisfbkom+

Kh g|ho} zpfemkief ghgf khi bif g}nrish|h pnmemkirm nfmbsfzpfnhk jsiomr. p|mebh zm ohs

i g}nrish|i z c}kgjifkhnkf Żmkripfe jsomrh $hg|Żnohni z} ie pkiji). ghf Ũrf om rf zn}ho z Lnhrij|kfe+ _lfa rfah zm } sikfa|hbpf|mb khsmbmkid zf|ri sikfsm }siomg zhbm i fbafsh|ho}m gfn$8=%<0 pfzrf) p|hrmid zf|hrh $gl}Ũm. r|kogh. s|hkjh i b|+). h zsmŨrf lfnom i zia}|kiom fpnfbkom+ lm l|iam%smikh g}nrish|h m}|fsikfsm nfm ieh kf|ehnkf |hsbsfzpfnhk jsiomr z r}gfe i p|hjieh Ũrf khi bh m lm pfrmŨg|mbfsirf bfi bf fpnfbkom i cf|ekoh lflijh a|fbh+

2




Kfsh phgi|hkohdm|jmafshągid |hgioh

znombkoid afbikh lfa p|mhziāmkfzri r|ŻiŨrh. h hdshno}o}āi bfeiŨnohrfzri sikfa|hbh|h. kh pfb|}ąo}m|jmafsikm pfąmnm z} zm pfohsnoishri hkienoism lfjm z a|fŻĘme+ _hp|hsf. |hbi zm f rfem bh a|fb |hzrmf|iomsh } lfji } gfofo ām pfzniom zrhohri } |hgioi+ Zpfemk}ri p|fisfb ihshf om p|hs} pfehe} khŨme r|ŻiŨr}. ghf Ũrf om rf zsfombflkf lif zn}ąho z lfjheh } gfoieh om bf|iomshnh g|}Ũgh Sinohefsgh+

Nā. + +

Ghgf om khŨm r|ŻiŨrm hzimkf|hkf|hkie pfnofp|is|mb%kie p|fisfbieh. rhgf om i

dfsh p|fbhoh lirkf fa|hkiąmkh+zm p|iom zsmah fbkfzi kh zsm sm}fohnk} gfkg}|mkjio} } gfofo zm.shno}o}i cmkfemk} bhepikŨ%

jiomkh. ehni p|fisfĘhąi kma} ilf|iri h zsfom eomzrf khŨr}+ B|}aie |iomąieh. anflhni%ioh ąiki zsfom. ph rhgf i } flnhzrifa|hbh|zrsh i sikh|zrsh ‛smnigi} fkm ehnmkm„+ EmĘ}rie. z ehnf

eiŨnohrfzri iphg zm efŻm khiom eomzrf kh r|ŻiŨr}+ P|i rfe}

ei sikh|i r|mlho} }ąikiri p|sihg+ Kholfnoi p|ieom| omz} p|fi%Ęhąi gfoi z} fsm afbikm flfahrinio hzf|riehk kfsie p|fisfbfe+

Khiem. |hbi zm f }g|hzkfo lfji }gfofo |hzrm i bf|iomsh a|fb i } gfo}zm khgkhbkf }niomsh |hgioh gfohm fbnmŻhshkome p|m}mri h|fe}a|fbh+ Amkiohnkf(

Pfzr}phg p|ip|mem |hgiomJshrkoh sikfsm nfm fsizi f siŨm

ąielmkigh i sh|i|h fsizkf fb sikf%a|hbh bf sikfa|hbh+ Hni. efŻmef}zrs|biri ghgf ombhk jsiomr jshrm r|ibf ąmri|i bhkh. ombhk a|fb $jshr)pmr bf bmzmr bhkh. ombhk r|z fbfzhe bf bshkhmzr bhkh i kh gfk%j} ombhk sikfa|hb fb bshkhmzr bfbshbmzmr bhkh+ Khgfk flhsnomkmfpnfbkom i fl|hfshkoh lflijh jshrpfzrhom a|fb+ ]p|hsf rhbh. Ũrf ph%Żnoisiom. pfekf fbhl|hkm a|fbfsm}lhj}omef } }k}r|hŨkofzr }g|h%zkid lfjh+ Pfrfe lfjm p|iąs|zri%ef kh p|ieom|mkf eomzrf kh r|z}+

_h p|iąs|Ũishkom zm fliąkf gf|izrizhsirnoish Żijh z pnhzriąkfe ifnhji%ofe om| lfnom b|Żi lfj} i ehnf gf|f%bi|h+ Lfjm zm efa} p|iąs|zriri i a}%emkie r|hgheh ini fbafsh|ho}ie}ijheh. z rie bh zpfemk}ri eh%

rm|iohn h p|iąs|Ũishkom r|mlh lirifrpf|hk kh s|memkzgm p|inigm i }n%r|hno}liąhzrf |hąmkom+ Rf om i |h}%enoisf z fli|fe kh ąikomkij} ghgfa|fŻĘm bf|iomsh h smnigid nomrkids|}ikh lfa ąmah pfzrhsnomkm lfjmpfs|memkf r|mlh gfkr|fni|hri omz}ni bfl|f }ąs|Ũmkm+ Bfl|f li linf}gfnigf li zm lfjm efanm }ąs|zririkh Żiąhk} gfkzr|}gjio} khznfkh om|li riem kmkhrkf fprm|mrinm zhe r|z+]gfnigf zm } lniiki pfzrhsnomkidlfjh khnhm i b|}ai a|fbfsi. koidr|mlh fbzr|hkiri. ghgf km li kh|}Ũh%shni rm femrhni |hsfo i bf|iomshkoma|fbh }emrk}rfa } }k}r|hŨkofzr

pfzrhsnomkm }g|hzkm lfjm+ Ghbh oma|fb bff|if. pmrmnog} fb|mŻmefrm lfj} phŻnoisf zgikmef z r|zh+Khgfk rfah lfj} z shkozgm i }k}%rh|kom zr|hkm fpm|mef enhfednhbkm sfbm+ ] r} zs|d} msmkr}%

hnkf zm efŻmef pfzn}Żiri }zgfeąmrgfe h p|hkom lfjh hni zhef} ehgziehnk} fp|mkfzr. h zsmghgf km li bfŨnf bf khakomąmkoh ifŨrmmkoh lflijh a|fbh+ Kh gfkj}lfj} fg|mkmef ghgf li zm sfbh ikomikm }k}r|hŨkofzri fjiombinh+ ].kh rho khąik p|ip|menomk} i fz}Ũmk}lfj} z a|fbfe. }niomshef |hgio}rm om bfl|f hrsf|ief $hąmpief)+Lfjm zm pfrfe zp|meho} } pfb|}e.} r|hohko} fb kmgfnigf eomzmji. hzsm ghgf li |hgioh p|m}mnh h|fe}a|fbh+ Khgfk kmgfnigf pfzn}Żish%koh. ghbh lfjh l}bm pfr|fŨmkh bfg|hoh. pfkfskf om p}kief |hgiofeŨrf efŻmef ąikiri i kmgfnigf p}rh+Ghgf bhkhz kh r|ŻiŨr} iehef kihkienoisid flnigh i smniąikh lfjhrhgf efŻmef. } snhzrirfe h|hk%Żehk}. khp|hsiri hkienois} gf%nmgjio} p|iafbkid bh|fsh+ Fki ehnfeh|noisioi i ehŨrfsirioi efa} khp|h%siri hkienois} pfk}b} r}|izriehom| om lfjh p|ip|menomkh kh fshghskhąik zsfoms|zrhk }kighrki |hb+ Hrhgsm p|fisfbm z h}rfdrfkie dm|%jmafshągie p|mbkhgfe. } fsfezn}ąho} a|fŻĘme. r}|izri }anhskfei |hbf khlhsnoho}(

Zomemkh|kiki Ha|f%jmkr|i } Efzrh|}. Ši|f%gfe L|ioma} i A|}bheh} pfk}bi ieho} smnigiilf| lfjh. |hniąiridflnigh i hp|meikh.gfom efŻmrm gf|izriri h‛}afo a|fŻĘh } lfji„+

\hbfsi } pąmnikohg}pfąmrgfe p|fnomh

Pfąmrgfe p|fnomāh. khgfk

kmgfnigf iezgid eomzmji.

pfąiko} ikrmkiskioi |hbfsi }

pąmnikohjieh+ ] rf s|iomem pfąikom

i jshrkoh sfāhgh ph zm pąmnm |hb}o}

zshgfe rfpnfe i z}kąhkfe bhk}

p|iafbfe inmrh } p|fl}Ęmk} p|i%

|fb} p|is}ąmkm zh zsm siŨm |hzjsom%

rhnfa linoh. gfom k}bi flinom pmn}bi i

p|sm ghpi kmgrh|h+

P|si |hbfsi gfoi zm p|fsfbm }pąmnikohg} pfąmrgfe p|fnomāh z}

pfzrhsnohkom diaiomkzgid pfoinh. kh

gfom zm pąmnm r|mlho} p|isigk}ri i

bfnhiri riomgfe jiomnm zmfkm hgf

} kome} l}bm zrhnkf bfsfnokf ąizrm

sfbm+ ] p|fnomām. ghb kmeh kmgrh|%

zgm phŨm. pąmnheh om sfbh pfr|ml%

kh h |hsfo zsm fliekioma nmanh. h

riomgfe nomrkid s|}āikh i |hbi fb|%

Żhshkoh eig|fgniehrzgid }somrh }

gfŨkiji+ ]rs|Ęmkf om bh ombkh ohgh

pąmnikoh hombkijh riomgfe hgriskm

zmfkm r|fŨi 0.< bf 0.= nirh|h sfbm

bkmskf. h rf fsizi f gfniąiki nmanh.

rmepm|hr}|i |hgh i bfrfg} zsomŻma

kmgrh|h } gfŨkij}+ Bh li zm bfkiom%

nf 0.= n sfbm. pfr|mlkf om bh :+000

pąmnh khp|hsi pf 80 nmrfsh+

Hgf om efa}ām pąmnheh li r|m%

lhni fkmefa}āiri pfzomāishkom

eomzrh z }zrhohnfe i fkmąiŨāmkfe

sfbfe om| p|mgf rhgsm sfbm zm

efa} p|mkiomri }|fąkiji h|hkid

lfnmzri kp|+ kfmefm ini hem|ią%

gm akoinfām+ _lfa rfah om pfr|mlkf

riomgfe jiomnm zmfkm fb pfąmrgh

iniomrhkoh. ph zsm bf ghzkm omzmki.pąmnikoie hombkijheh fzia}|hri

ąizr} sfb}. pfzrhsnomkome pfoini%

jh+ Pfzrfoi siŨm ripfsh pfoinijh+ ]

p|hgzi z} zm kholfnoieh pfghhnm

fkm pfoinijm abom pąmnm bfnhm pf

sfb} z bfkom zr|hkm om| om kh rho

khąik pąmnheh fkmefa}āmkf bh

fzrhsm zsfo iemr kh pfoiniji rhgf bh

om rhgsh pfoinijh }siomg ąizrh+ R|mlh

ilomahshri |hkm bhzgm. zri|fpf|m

i zniąkm khp|hsm om| rhgsh eomzrh

efa} zhef Ũgfbiri. h kighgf km

efa} liri gf|izkh+ Ghb zm ombkfe

pąmnm khsigk} kh pfoinijm kighgf

km zeiomef hlf|hsiri zrhnkf bf%

p}kohshri pfoinijm ąizrfe sfbfe

om| hgf kmeh sfbm zhef g|hrgf

s|iomem. iehr āmef smnigid p|flnm%

eh pfkfskf khsighshri pąmnm kh rf

eomzrf z sfbfe+

Bfnhzgfe kh pąmnikohg p|si om

pfzhf } linf gfom bflh bhkh i linf

gfom bflh afbikm lhjiri pfanmb

kh nmrh gfŨkijh+ Pf inmr} pąmnh i

gfŨkijh i koidfsfe pfkhŨhko} kh

nmr} i lm frsh|hkoh gfŨkijm efŻm

S Nā. + +

zm fjiomkiri Ũrf zm } zshgfo gf

ji lish i nhgf zm efa} }fąiri

gfŨkijm z p|flnmeieh+ Rhgf

khrkf ehkome }kfz} pmn}bi }

kfz} kh fzrhnm pąmnjm. p|mpfk

ef i p|fkhnhief lmehrgm+ F

pąmnh|. gfoi om zsfom pąmnm }ie

enhbie ehrijheh. iehr ām bh

ehkom pfznh i km}afbkid ikm

Ęmkoh fb pąmnh|h gfoi om zsfom p

}ieif z ehrijheh |hkm i km

khrm zrh|fzri+

P|si p|manmbi pąmnikoid homb

z} fliąkf g|hrgi. l|i i lm z}si

ikrm|smkjioh+ ]rs|Ę}omef gfk

l|fo a}lirhgh i koidfsm }|fg

frg|ishef z}ekoism i znhlm h

kijm. gfom āmef khgkhbkf zp

z ohąie hombkijheh+ Kighbh

zphohef bsiom znhlm hombkijm

fb koid khoąmŨām fpmr pfzrhom z

hombkijh+

] zkhŻkfo pąmnikofo hombki

fsizkf f s|memkzgie p|inighbfrfg} kmgrh|h i pmn}bi. } af|k

khzrhsg} ieh jjh 3%4 fgsi|h

gnfpnomkfa nmanh. h i p}kf en

pąmnh+ Ihgf } af|kome khzrh

kmeh siŨm znflfbkfa eomzrh

pfnhahkom ohoh. ehrijm km|hbf

nhm } bfkoi khzrhshg. om| om }

kome khzrhsg} kmŨrf dnhbkiom

pąmnikoh hombkijh km li hfzr

} |hsfo}. r|mlh khp|hsiri p|s}

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zrhshgh+ Fsf zm |hbi ghbh s|io

l}bm rfpnf i ghbh om bfrfg pm

i kmgrh|h |mbfsir. ghgf li p

efanm Ũrf p|iom pfg|iri zhbh af

p|hkioi khzrhshg. } gfoi. zhb

bfkoma khzrhsgh p|mnhi ehr

rhef khzrhsnoh z pfnhahkome

Khgfk 8=%84 bhkh khzrhshg ām

p}k nmanh i rhbh r|mlh khp|

b|}a} heomk} sizikm khzrhs

Gfb heomkm eomzrh khzrhs

gf|izrief ikzrikgr ehrijm bh

nhŻm ohoh } af|kome khzrhsg}. o

r} khorfpniom+ Izrf rhgf. i pąmnm

zrikgriskf p|mkfzm d|hk} i bf

} af|koi khzrhshg. ghgf li dlinh Ũrf lniŻm frsf|mkfe nman}.

gfoma zrsh|ho} siomkjm z emb

Kh rho khąik zrie}ni|h zm pąm

hombkij} kh l|i |hsfo z pfzr

āfe d|hkfe } gfŨkiji+ ] fshg

zn}ąho} pąmnh| km ef|h zgibhri

gnfpjm kh emb} i km ef|h zri

nhriskf p|id|hkoishri. Ũrf kh p

kohjieh z smāie l |fome gfŨ

hdriomsh p}kf |hbh i s|memkh

li zm hombkijh efanh kmzem

|hsiohri i bh km li phnh } |fom

zrhkom. p|iom pfąmrgh anhskm

r|mlh bfbhri i r|māi khzrhshg+

3




B}afr|hokhhgriskfzr+

Hkri%ham|msfn}jioh+

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_hombkf. p|mbhki pfrijhko} komafsm emkrhnkmzpfzflkfzri i fpām bfl|fliri+

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PfehŻm shŨme pz} bh b}nomfzrhkm hgrishk+

KFSI P\F PN

HZF\RIEHK _H E

EIKI PHZEIKM P

SIZFGH K]R\

S\IOMBKFZR

Sizfgh gfkjmkr|hd|hkoisid rsh|i gfopfb|Żhsh l| emehnid phzeikh+

EHNM A\HK]

Ehnm i d|zghsm agfom pfehŻ} nhgŨ

Żshghkom ehnid p

KOMAH _]LI

Bfghhkf zehkokhg}pnohkom ghemh 20-

Efoh p|mbhkfzr ehniepzieh pfÇikom z efoie

ehnie no}liejme

A]INHIKM.P\F PNHK K]R\IJIFKIZRZ OF\GŠI\ZGIE RM\IOM\FE. BHIZY

Ghf i Si. P}|ikh k}r|ijifk

rm|ikh|i z} zr|hzrsmki

phzh+ I rfa |hnfah z}

40 afbikh p|mbhki frg|ish

r|iriskid ikfshjioh gfom ie

irishk mcmgr kh b|hsnom

pzh % rhgf om i khŨ P\F

ZEHNN # EIKI HZF\

zpmjiohnkf cf|e}ni|hk bh

pfzmlkm pfr|mlm ShŨid

phzh+



Pfzrhkirm i Si ąnhk Gn}lh A|mmk Ah|bmk rmfzrsh|irm zsm pfafbkfzri gfom She p|}Żh+

_h zsm ikf|ehjiom fl|hrirm zm khl|fo rmnmfkh 0:9&100%000 ini kh

m%ehin? a|mmkah|bmk+anhzinf@zomemkh|kh+jfe

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ki sm b}af p|mpf|}}om h zkiŻhshkom g|s%rnhgh. h p|fsmbmki pfg}zi pfrs|Ę}o} fp|hsbhkfzr rhgsid p|mpf|}gh+bkfo om zr}bioi gfb pfg}zkid Żisfrikoh }l|iahshkom ikomgjioh z mg%

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afo ehakfniomzrh|fo zm hem|igfo ch|ehgfnfaioi emĘ}

nie b|faheh zpfeikom gf|h ehakfni om+kie hkhniheh $p|sh flhsnomkh 8403+) omkfsnomkf bh gf|h afrfsf zsid hem|igidh ehakfnioh zhb|Żhsh dnhpnoisf }nom. af|gmnm i g|izrhnik} z}pzrhkjio} ehakfnik+ Zsm rm gfepfkmkrm hombkf

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fi kh frsf|mkf+ Fb rhbh zm ehakfniom km }ahoho} } zrhgnmkig}. ini 6

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zm zgf|f } }afo} kighbh i km sibm z} b}%hzrh |kh+ Šmm|kh r|zgh zm }ahoh pfzs}%

r|fpzgfe pfb|}o}+ Šmm|kh r|zgh bhomf pfnfsikm zsomrzgm p|fisfbkom Ũmm|h+ Šmm| zm zhg}pnoh i z|iginoigm i rhef bfzmŻm zhb|Żho bf <0 -+ Pfnoh zm p|iom lm|lm mzrf zphnmi zm from|hnm fr|fskm eiom i fnhgŨhf |hb zr|fomsh+izjiomĘmkh zfgh bflish zm zemĘi zi|fsi Ũmm| h bhnokfe g|izrhnihji%liomni g|izrhnki Ũmm|+ Fzrhrhg gfoi zm km efŻm g|izrhnii|hri gf|izri zmflishkom hngfdfnh. hni i pfafkzgfa af|ish h h}rfeflinm+ ] ekfaiemenoheh biomnfsi Ũmm|km r|zgm p|fbho} ghf omcriki znhrgiŨ+

hsh ‚ ikiekf nomgfsirh li nogh|mjikiom. 800 a|heh a}hsm ieh bsh p}rh

sirheikh J. shŻkfa h b|hsnom i nompfr}m. kmaf smnigh kh|hkh+ Rho sirheik. khiem.hk om } p|fisfbkoi gfnhamkh $810 ea p|m%

4:). Ũrf hbfsfnohsh bkmskm romnmzkm pfr|m%ŵmkm gfom omb} ekfaf khei|kijh lfahrideikfe J ieho} ehkom lf|h kmaf fkm gfom rf km ikm. ghŻm zr}bioh

om p|hrinh p|md|hk} siŨm fb 2000 Hem|ighkgi } bfli fb 20 bf 12 af%+ Fzie rfah. bflishrm i bfbhrk} fl|hk} fb lhgrm|ioh+ A}hsh. khiem.Żi rsh|i gfom Ũrirm fb |hniirid phrfamkh pfp}r nizrm|iom i zrhnfgfgh.

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Documents

Green Garden [broj 79, mart-april 2012.]