INFANT SAFE SLEEP PRACTICESHSC 4910 Health Services Administration

Capstone

Shana Gaines

April 7, 2015

St. Petersburg College

GOAL

To present study findings and

recommendations for infant safe

sleep awareness strategies that

communities could implement.

(Baby C

orn

er,

20

15

)

OBJECTIVES To understand the statistics and racial

disparities associated with infant sleep deaths

To learn the educational practices of health care providers regarding infant safe sleep

To understand four knowledge deficiencies concerning infant safe sleep practices among non-parent caregivers

To have a clear understanding of infant safe sleep practices and strategies to increase infant safe sleep awareness in the community

WHAT IS SIDS?

SIDs is an unexplained death, usually while sleeping, of a baby that appears healthy and is less than a year old.

Every year in the US, 4,000 babies die from SIDS.

(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015)

DATA & STATISTICS

80-90% of U.S. SIDs deaths are the result of unsafe sleep practices (First Candle, 2015)

In 2013, 17 infant deaths associated with unsafe sleep in Pinellas & Pasco (Medical Examiner, Pasco & Pinellas Counties, District 6, 2013)

Male infants are more likely to die from SIDS than female infants (CDC, Health Data Interactive, 2012)

DATA & STATISTICS CONT.Infant Deaths per 1000 Live Births 3yr Rolling Rates

2011-2013 Florida Pinellas

All Races 6.2 5.69

White 4.33 4.6

Black 11.1 12.54

Black & Other 10.2 9.95

Hispanic Too low to calculate for 2013

Too low to calculate for 2013

Non-Hispanic 6.6 5.76

(Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Vital Statistics, Florida Charts, 2015)

Expanded infant sleep guidelines in 2011 focused on reducing entrapment,

suffocation and asphyxiation related to SIDS

(Meadows-Oliver & Hendrie, 2013)

RESEARCH

RESEARCH CONT. Use of soft bedding & unsafe sleep surfaces

are more prevalent with African Americans (Ajao, Oden, Joyner & Moon, 2011)

Pacifier use during sleep can reduce SIDS (Moon, Tanabe, Yang, Young & Hauck, 2012)

Only 50% of parents discussed safe sleep with non-parent caregivers (Ahlers-Schmidt, Kuhlmann, Kuhlmann, Schunn & Rosell, 2014)

All mothers have difficulty soothing infants to sleep at various times (Homer, Armari & Fowler, 2012)

INTERVIEWSHealth care providers were

interviewed on how they educate parents concerning safe sleep and

non-parent caregivers were interviewed on how they practice

safe sleep for infants

(Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, 2015)

INTERVIEWS CONT.

Hospital nurses are primary educators on safe sleep

Pediatricians are the primary educators in the office

Barriers to safe sleep were knowledge, age and infant health

One grandmother alternated sleep positions

No specific educational materials

Both grandmothers relied on parents to instruct them on safe sleep

Health Care Providers Non-parent Caregivers

INTERVIEW CHECKLIST

Swaddling Sleep position Sleep environment Pacifier use for sleep Well-ventilated room Dangers of co-sleeping Use of infant sleepers for warmth Additional benefits of breastfeeding Remove unsafe items from the crib Dangers of second-hand smoke exposure Danger of substance use with infant sleep

INTERVIEW CHECKLIST CONT.

NICU RN-well ventilated room

Pediatric LPN- pacifier use, swaddling, infant sleepers or the dangers of alcohol and illicit drug use

Grandmother-pacifier use

Grandmother-pacifier use and well ventilated room

Foster Parent-pacifier use, breastfeeding or the dangers of alcohol and illicit drug use

Health Care Providers Non-parent Caregivers

REC

OM

MEN

DA

TIO

NS

Enhance collaborations and partnerships with private & public health care and community organizations to increase the awareness of infant safe sleep practices

(Mis

sou

ri D

epart

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& S

enio

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ices,

201

1)

RECOMMENDATIONS CONT.

Advertise expanded AAP sleep guidelines (Meadows-Oliver & Hendrie, 2013)

Partner with health providers to educate non-parent caregivers on infant safe sleep practices (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2013)

Distribute pacifiers with educational materials (Moon, Tanabe, Yang, Young & Hauck, 2012)

Create educational materials geared toward non-parent caregivers

Ahlers-Schmidt, C.R., Kuhlmann, S., Kuhlmann, Z., Schunn, C., & Rosell, J. (2014). To improve

safe-sleep practices, more emphasis should be placed on removing unsafe items from the crib.

Clinical Pediatrics, 53(13), 1285-1287. doi: 10.1177/0009922813518964

Ajao, T. I., Oden, R. P., Joyner, B. L., & Moon, R. Y. (2011). Decisions of black parents about infant

bedding and sleep surfaces: A qualitative study. Pediatrics, 128(3), 494–502.

doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-0072

American Academy of Pediatrics. (2013). A parent’s guide to safe sleep. Healthy Childcare.

Retrieved on 02/13/2015 at http://www.healthychildcare.org/pdf/sidsparentsafesleep.pdf

Baby Corner. (2015). Keeping your baby warm at night. Image retrieved on 3/24/2015 from

http://www.babycorner.in/parents-checklist/keeping-your-baby-warm-at-night/

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015). About SUID and SIDS. Retrieved on 3/13/2015

from http://www.cdc.gov/sids/aboutsuidandsids.htm

/

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention., Health Data Interactive. (2012). Table report: Infant

mortality by cause: US/State 1999-2010 [Source NVSS]. Retrieved on 02/13/2015 from

http://205.207.175.93/HDI/TableViewer/tableView.aspx?ReportId=70

Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin. (2015). Safe sleep for babies. Image retrieved on 3/05/2015 at

http://www.chw.org/childrens-and-the-community/injury-prevention-and-wellness/infant-

sleep-safety/

Clipart image used with permission by Microsoft.

First Candle. (2015). Facts on SIDS/SUID. Retrieved on 3/05/2015 from

http://www.firstcandle.org/grieving-families/sids-suid/about-sids-suid/sids-facts-faq/

Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Vital Statistics, Florida Charts. (2015). Infant

deaths. Retrieved 2/13/2015 from

http://www.floridacharts.com/charts/DataViewer/InfantDeathViewer/InfantDeathViewer.aspx

?indNumber=0053

References Cont.

Homer, C., Armari, E., & Fowler, C. (2012). Bed-sharing with infants in a time of SIDS

awareness. Neonatal, Pediatric & Child Health Nursing, 15(2), 3-7. Retrieved from

CINAHL Plus with Full Text.

Meadows-Oliver, M., & Hendrie, J. (2013). Expanded back to sleep guidelines. Pediatric Nursing,

39(1), 40-49. Retrieved from Academic Search Complete.

Medical Examiner, Pasco & Pinellas Counties, District 6. (2013). Year 2013 medical examiner

annual report. Retrieved on 3/16/2015 from

http://www.pinellascounty.org/forensics/pdfs/2013ARfinal.pdf

Missouri Department of Health & Senior Services. (2011). Planning a safe place for your baby to

sleep. Image retrieved on 3/05/2015 from

http://health.mo.gov/living/families/babies/safesleep/

Moon, R. Tanabe, K., Yang, D, Young, H., & Hauck, F. (2012). Pacifier use and SIDS: Evidence

for a consistently reduced risk. Maternal & Child Health Journal, 16(3), 609. Retrieved from

Academic Search Complete.

References Cont.