Http://nodal.ercot.com 1 Market Trials DAM/RUC/SASM Weekly Update April 9, 2010

http://nodal.ercot.com 1

Market TrialsDAM/RUC/SASM

Weekly Update

April 9, 2010


Antitrust Admonition

ANTITRUST ADMONITION

ERCOT strictly prohibits Market Participants and their employees who are participating in ERCOT activities from using their participation in ERCOT activities as a forum for engaging in practices or communications that violate the antitrust laws. The ERCOT Board has approved guidelines for members of ERCOT Committees, Subcommittees and Working Groups to be reviewed and followed by each Market Participant attending ERCOT meetings. If you have not received a copy of these Guidelines, copies are available at the Client Relations desk. Please remember your ongoing obligation to comply with all applicable laws, including the antitrust laws.

DISCLAIMER

All presentations and materials submitted by Market Participants or any other Entity to ERCOT staff for this meeting are received and posted with the acknowledgement that the information will be considered public in accordance with the ERCOT Websites Content Management Operating Procedure.


Agenda

• DAM summary for 4/6 and 4/8• QSE Activities for Next Week• FAQ• General Reminders/Updates• Environment Report

– Planned outages– Known Issues

• Nodal Scorecard Update• Special Topics

– Phase 2 validation– Day-Ahead Self-Commitment– Bid/Offer submission efficiencies

• Question and Answers / General Discussion

• Appendix– DAM Kickoff slides– Pre- and Post-DAM reports

ERCOT asks that Market Participants log into the WebEx session using their company name and then their name. This will allow ERCOT to take roll-call offline.

Market Trials 2010 Roadmap



Submission Overview for Apr 6

Submission overview

Overall, 150 QSEs

participated for Op Day 4/7



Submission overview



Submission overview

• Energy Bids from QSEs – 80% of Load was requested.



Submission overview

• AS Offers were requested for the first time

– 25 QSEs submitted

– We had an AS insufficiency for RRS and Non-SpinMCPCs:

• RRS ranged from $55-$63.18

• Non-Spin ranged from $50-$54.32

– We reduced AS requirement in DAM by the insufficient amount for those two types (DAM Operators followed the procedure for an AS insufficiency, except did not perform the step of waiting 30 minutes for additional AS Offers to be submitted – this will be done during operational scenarios in June)

– No AS insufficiency for Regulation (however prices were high for RegUp due to the Non-Spin and RRS insufficiency – the same capacity is offered amongst the online reserves)

MCPCs:

• RegDn ranged from $4.02-$7.44

• RegUp ranged from $50-$58.18



Submission overview

• AS Self-Arrangement from QSEs

– 50% of AS Obligation was requested, ~45% received

– 41 QSEs sent in AS Self-Arrangement

• Three-Part Offers – approx 80% of QSEs submitted prior to the DAM

• Energy Only Offers – 75 QSEs submitted EOOs

• PTP Obligation Bids – 48 QSEs submitted PTPs, averaging ~2,600 MW per hour



Submission overview

Overall, 153 QSEs

participated for Op Day 4/9



Submission overview



Submission overview

• Energy Bids from QSEs – 120% of Load was requested.



Submission overview

• AS Offers were requested – 25 QSEs submitted

– We had an AS insufficiency for Non-Spin for hour 17• We reduced AS requirement in DAM by the insufficient amount (DAM Operators followed the

procedure for an AS insufficiency, except did not perform the step of waiting 30 minutes for additional AS Offers to be submitted – this will be done during operational scenarios in June)

• AS Self-Arrangement from QSEs

– 50% of AS Obligation was requested, ~45% received

– 36 QSEs sent in AS Self-Arrangement

• Three-Part Offers – approx 83% of QSEs submitted prior to the DAM

• Energy Only Offers – 73 QSEs submitted EOOs

• PTP Obligation Bids – 55 QSEs submitted PTPs, averaging ~2,600 MW per hour


Next Week’s Activities

DAM executing on 4/13 and 4/15 (Op Days are 4/14

and 4/16)

• Changes from this week’s activities:

– Network constraints will be in the solution

– No PTP Obligation Bids or CRR Offers can be

submitted (or will be canceled prior to DAM

run)

– Virtual Bids/Offers guardrails relaxed to 10

transactions totaling 100 MW/QSE/hr

• Remember that Tuesday’s Load Bid MW target is

80% of forecasted load, and Thursday’s is 120%.

DRUC executing on 4/15 after DAM at 1430

– COP updates required after DAM and DRUC

complete

Week 3Note: Dates are DAM execution days

4/13/2010 & 4/15/2010

Objective

Network Constrained

Solution/Initial DRUC

Network Constraints IncludedSelf-Arranged AS Requested 50%

Load Bid MW Requested

80% Tue/120% Thurs forecasted

load

Virtual Bids / Offers

Up to 10 transactions totaling 100 MW/QSE/hr

PTP Obligations NoneNOIE CRR Offers None

COP Updates

After DAM and DRUC

starting 4/15

DRUCDRUC w/

Thursday DAMHRUC NoneSASM None


Next Week’s Activities

DAM executing on 4/13 and 4/15 (Op Days are 4/14 and 4/16) (cont’d):

• If you have AS-qualified Resources, please remember to submit AS Offers to

avoid AS insufficiency

– Also note that you must have a COP in the system in order to be awarded

AS Offers (applies to Load Resources as well). If no COP, the AS Offer will

be ignored by the clearing engine


FAQ

Q: Why does my QSE not show up as participating on the DAM participation

dashboard? I submitted my TPO prior to DAM deadline.

A: TPOs, COPs and Output Schedules do not count toward DAM participation, they

count toward Real-Time participation. In order to have participated in the DAM,

you need to submit a DAM-specific transaction – DAM Energy Bids, DAM

Energy Only Offers, AS Self-Arrangement, AS Offer, or PTP Obligation Bid.

DAM Participation Dashboard posted at http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/dam/index.html

Q: Why are my Energy Bid awards giving a negative MW quantity?

A: Due to the negative sign convention for load, the Energy Bid awards contain a

negative MW quantity.

FYI regarding large csv report files on the MIS: Large reports, such as the DAM

LMPs, won’t load completely in older version of Excel (pre-2007) due to row size

limits. MPs report that Access can open the files, however.


FAQ

Q: Why is there no product tool to select peak, nonpeak, and all hours for DAM Energy

Bids/Offers, similar to the Trades page?

A: Due to the ability to submit 10 price/quantity pairs if you choose a curve, the product tool

was not able to be added to this page. However, you can use the copy/paste functionality

to easily get the same result. This is discussed on pages 9-10 of the Market Manager

User Guide located at http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/connectivity/index.html

. Basically, for a 7-22, enter data in the 0700 hour. Click the 0700 column header of the

column. It will highlight. Hold down the shift key, then click the 2200 column header. All

the intervening columns will fill in.

Q: How do you properly reflect transition costs between combined cycle configurations?

A: The difference in the startup costs that you submit for different configurations is the

transition cost. An example:

Transition Cost(A->B) = Startup Cost B(Warmth state B) – Startup Cost A(Warmth state B).

Note that the startup cost for both configuration A and B depend on the warmth

status(cold/intermediate/hot) of B.


FAQ

Q: Does DAM check the COP resource status?

A: DAM uses the COP in two ways.

1) The HSL/LSL contained in the next day’s COP is used to determine max/min TPO

award quantities.

2) The resource status for the rest of the current day’s COP is used to determine the initial

condition (online/offline status) for the start of the next day.

DAM does not look at your COP resource status for the next operating day. If your unit is

planned to be OUT for the next day, do not submit a TPO into the DAM for any hours for

which the unit planned to be OUT

Q: Why wasn’t my jointly-owned unit (JOU) awarded in the DAM?

A: There are many possible reasons in a particular scenario but want to note one important

point: all owners of a JOU must enter TPOs into the DAM in order for any of them to be

awarded.


General Reminders/Updates

• ERCOT will discontinue the temporary DAM morning WebEx starting Tuesday

– Please contact [email protected] for assistance

• Network Model Update

– Next scheduled loads are 4/14 and 5/3• An updated settlement points and MP short name list will posted on 4/14 at

http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/index.html

• Phase 5 Handbook for DAM/RUC/SASM was posted on 3/31

– http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/dam/index.html

• For NOIEs

– ERCOT must have your CRRAH to QSE relationship on file in order to accept CRR Offers from your QSE. Please contact your Account Manager for details if you do not yet have this relationship set up.

General Reminders/Updates

Trade confirmation testing

• ERCOT will maintain a list of QSEs that desire to test trade confirmation/bilateral process with other QSEs during market trials

• Email sent to Nodal Project Managers yesterday afternoon, with a .xls attachment.

• Please fill out the spreadsheet, or send the following information, to [email protected] with the subject line ‘Trade Confirmation Testing Contacts’ by Friday, April 16, 2010.

– QSE short name– Contact name for trade confirmation– Phone number– Email address

• Once we have received this contact information, we will compile and distribute it to all QSEs participating so that the trading contacts can work together to complete their testing. Note that this information will only be shared with other trading contacts who have volunteered their own information.



Support Metrics

* This week, 30 out of 321 questions were responded to outside of the 24 hour time frame.

Market Participant Inbound Questions

Last Week This Week


Day-to-day operations summary: Planned / Unplanned Outages

• Planned Outages• 04/23/10 – 04/25/10

– ERCOT will be performing the initial release for Phase 5 on 4/23– Due to the size and complexity of the release, it will be necessary to take

systems down periodically throughout the weekend– ERCOT will be running a series of tests that Sunday which may result in

notifications and / or data in the Nodal Production systems that are associated with that test.

• Unplanned Outages• 03/27/10 09:00 A.M. – 4/7/2010 8:00 P.M

– Market Manager UI experiencing intermittent periods of unavailability and / or degradation in performance

– Update: configuration changes have been released into the NPROD environment which appear to have resolved stability issues.

• Note: ERCOT will be performing site failover testing on 04/10. A brief delay in EWS service availability may occur during this time period.

Environment Report-Known Issues

Full DAM/RUC/SASM known issues list will post every Friday night at http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/dam/index.html

New DAM/RUC/SASM known issues

• Bid/Offer IDs containing non-alphanumeric characters cause an issue with DAM post-processing. A validation rule will be added to restrict the Bid/Offer IDs to alphanumeric characters. In the interim, please do not submit special characters as part of your Bid/Offer IDs

• Total cleared Bids and total cleared Offers should be equal. However, when DAM is AS insufficient, the clearing engine can over-procure offers by a small amount (1-3 MW).

• Occasionally TPOs submitted at a submission cap are improperly rejected. Submitting at $0.01 less than the cap is successful.

• Market Manager - When buyer and seller both = submitting QSE, the details screen should show a column for each hour for the user to enter P or S. Buyer and seller are initially set to submitting QSE upon page load, so these columns should appear. Currently, the columns only show if the user selects a different QSE and then selects their own QSE again.

• Market Manager - When updating Resource Parameters, the value entered for Cold Start Time is discarded and the value for Intermediate Start Time is submitted in its place.



New DAM/RUC/SASM known issues• The trade confirmation notification that follows the cancellation of a confirmed trade is

currently returning a verb of ‘created’. This will be changed to ‘canceled’.

• TPO submissions in the adjustment period are rejected due to being DAM-committed even if the awarded amount was 0 MW. As a workaround, use the reason code field (enter OUT, FUEL, or DSCM) in order to be able to successfully submit your TPOs in the adjustment period.

• Get “SystemLoad” web service is incorrectly reporting the results as an hourly interval data. The corresponding CDR report is being sent as 15-minute interval data.

• When DAM MCPC report availability notification is sent as an Alert, the corresponding message has the header “Noun” value incorrectly set to the name of the report instead of the keyword “Alert”.

Closed DAM/RUC/SASM known issues

• CLOSED - Awards are no longer displaying incorrectly and incompletely on the Market Manager for Energy Only Offers and Energy Bids.



MIS/reports issues

• CLOSED – NP4-192-CD, DAM Total Energy Purchased, and NP4-193-CD, DAM Total Energy Sold, were delayed but will begin posting next week.

• CLOSED - Settlement Points and Settlement Points to Electrical Buses Mapping reports did not post on 4/1


Nodal Scorecard

3 DAM runs so far (4/1, 4/6, 4/8)

MPs measured on 50% participation (submission of DAM-specific transactions)

QSEs with Resources – 54/80 >= 50% participation

QSEs without Resources – 96/192 >= 50% participation

Generation – 87% participating (based on GRS from 4Q 2009)

Load – 76% participating (based on LRS from 4Q 2009)

AMBER/RED scores go live on 4/21, MPs with < 50% participation will be contacted starting 4/12

MP16 DAM Participation Metric Results


Special Topics

Phase 2 Validation reports and process• Phase 2 validation re-evaluates all submitted transactions at 7 am in

the day-ahead with updated information, such as AS Obligation, CRR ownership, credit limits, etc.

• If there is a validation error, ERCOT will cancel the transaction• We send a notification that a Phase 2 report is available for a particular

transactions type, and notification containing the cancellation for the transaction.

• You can query for the Phase 2 report via web service or on the Reports page of the Market Manager in order to view the reason for the cancellation.

• Correct and resubmit prior to 10 am.• Note that submissions are locked out during the Phase 2 process,

which is currently taking about 15 minutes to complete.


Special Topics

Day-Ahead Self Commitment

DAM clearing engine treats your TPO differently if you submit Startup and Minimum Energy (SU/ME) costs as $0 vs. NULL

• If you submit with SU/ME as $0, DAM engine treats this as a normal offer where the QSE is not requesting SU/ME to be covered. HSL/LSL constraints will be respected. Also, if you are selected for an online Ancillary Service, you will also be awarded at least LSL on your offer curve.

• If you submit with SU/ME as NULL, DAM engine is signaled to ignore the HSL/LSL constraints for the resource. In this scenario, the offer curve submitted will start at 0 MW and go to the max MW quantity desired – again, DAM will ignore LSL/HSL constraints. If the offer curve submitted doesn’t start at 0 MW, it will be extended to 0 MW by DAM. If the resource is selected for Ancillary Services, no requirement to also award TPO at LSL (since no LSL constraint honored in this case).


Special Topics

Day-Ahead Self Commitment

The purpose of the NULL: It allows a QSE to use part of a Resource to serve its own load, and then offer in the rest to the DAM and enable the offer to be co-optimized with its AS Offer.

Example:

A Resource has 100 MW LSL and 400 MW HSL, and the QSE has already committed 300 MW of the Resource through some other mechanism. The QSE wishes to offer the remaining 100 MW, which would otherwise be ignored due to the 100 MW LSL.

Then going into real-time, so QSEs will need to update their TPO to cover the full capacity of the resource, from LSL to HSL, rather than from 0 MW. To do that if the resource is awarded in the DAM, the QSE must provide a reason code, which is DSCM.

This functionality came about due to TPTF subgroup on the issue. It has not yet been added to the protocols but will during our protocol traceability/cleanup effort.


Special Topics

Bid/Offer efficiencies

• ERCOT has identified efficiencies in Bid/Offers submission with regard to the format of submission

• This applies to all transaction that use a Bid ID or an Offer ID (Energy Only Offers, Energy Only Bids, PTP Obligation Bids, and CRR Offers)

• Preference is for QSEs to submit the same Bid/Offer ID for each hour in the submission, versus submitting a different Bid/Offer ID for every hour. The market system treats the submission the exact same way, regardless of which format is used

• Using the preferred format will optimize DAM system performance

• For xml examples detailing this issue, please view a document that will be posted along with this presentation on the calendar page at http://www.ercot.com/calendar/2010/04/20100409-MT

• This was discussed at NATF 4/6, we send an email to the nodal technical contacts that we have on file for all QSEs, and we will add it to the External Interfaces Specification



Q&A

Q&A / Open Forum

Appendix

Appendix– DAM Kickoff slides– Pre- and post-DAM reports



Objectives

Objectives of Phase 4.0 DAM/RUC Market Trials:

• Execute DAM, RUC, and SASM in the Market Trials environment twice a week

• Generate awards, notifications, and reports


Entry Criteria

ERCOT Entry Criteria for Phase 4.0:

• ERCOT has completed required integration testing for Phase 4.0 functionality

• ERCOT has published all known, market-relevant defects to Market Participants

via the Readiness Center

Market Participant Entry Criteria for Phase 4.0:

• QSEs have met the system requirements (digital certificate with ‘MMS Trader’

role assigned, etc.)

• QSEs have completed the qualification testing and have confirmed their ability to

use Web Services or the Market Manager to submit transactions necessary to

support Day-Ahead Market Trials

Summary of QSE Activities

• QSEs with Resources: • Maintain SCED offers and ensure Start-Up and Minimum Generation

Offers are available prior to the Day Ahead 10:00 a.m. (Central) deadline

• Submit AS Offers• Update COP after DAM, DRUC, HRUC starting 4/13

• QSEs with Load: • Self-Arrange requested amount of AS Obligations• Bid a portion of their Load in the DAM (see example on next slide). In

general, this should take the form of an Energy Bid but during the last week of April, can also be in the form of a PTP Obligation Bid.

– Tuesday- 80% of QSE’s forecasted Load– Thursday- 120% of QSE’s forecasted Load


Summary of QSE Activities

• QSEs with Load (cont’d): Example for load bids

• All QSEs:

• May submit a limited amount of DAM Energy Only Offers and DAM Energy Bids that do not represent actual Resources or Loads (virtual bids and offers) – limit is up to a MW quantity total contained within a certain number of transactions per hour.

• PTP Obligation Bids will be limited as well

Details with dates on next slide


Hour-Ending HE 0100 HE0200 HE0300 … HE2400 ERCOT System Load Forecast

(download from MIS) 21,000 20,500 20,000 20,500 120% of System Load Forecast 25,200 24,600 24,000 24,600

QSE-A with Load Ratio Share = 10% 2,520 2,460 2,400 2,460 QSE-B with Load Ratio Share = 1% 252 246 240

246

QSE-C with Load Ratio Share = 5% 1,260 1,230 1,200

1,230


Schedule/Key Dates

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5

Note: Dates are DAM execution days 4/1/2010

4/6/2010 & 4/8/2010

4/13/2010 & 4/15/2010

4/20/2010 & 4/22/2010

4/27/2010 & 4/29/2010

ObjectiveConnectivity /

ExecutionAS co-

optimizationNetwork constrained

+ Initial DRUCDAM + DRUC

DAM + DRUC + HRUC + SASM

Network Constraints None None Included Included IncludedSelf-Arranged AS Requested 100% 50% 50% Actual Actual

Load Bid MW Requested

80/120% forecasted load





Virtual Bids / Offers

Up to 5 transactions totaling 50

MW/QSE/hr

Up to 5 transactions totaling 50

MW/QSE/hr

Up to 10 transactions totaling

100 MW/QSE/hr

Up to 10 transactions/

QSE/hrUp to 10

transactions/QSE/hr

PTP Obligations

Up to 5 bids totaling

50 MW/QSE/hr


50 MW/QSE/hr None


50 MW/QSE/hr

Up to 5 bids totaling 50 MW/QSE/hr (unless

the bid represents QSE's load)

NOIE CRR OffersAllocated CRRs

onlyAllocated CRRs

only NoneAllocated CRRs

only Allocated CRRs only

COP Updates Not needed Not neededAfter DAM and

DRUCAfter DAM and

DRUCAfter DAM, DRUC and

HRUC

DRUC None None DRUC ThursdayDRUC after each

DAM DRUC after each DAMHRUC None None None None LimitedSASM None None None None Yes


Activities

Market Participant Activities:

• Submit, update, and cancel DAM submission items, while keeping within the guardrails.– Three-Part Supply Offers (including Minimum Energy Offer and Startup Costs)– COP– AS Offer– AS Self-Arrangement– Energy-Only Offers– Energy Bids– PTP Obligation Bids– CRR Offer (for NOIEs only)

• Report any issues to the Market Trials Team at [email protected]

• Download and review pre-DAM and post-DAM report postings

• Download and review RUC postings, as applicable

• Download and review SASM posting, as applicable

• Update COP (after DAM, RUC)

• Submit self-selected credit limit to ERCOT, if desired, as often as weekly


Activities

ERCOT Activities:

• Execute DAM (including Phase 2 Validation), DRUC, HRUC and SASM

periodically

• Generate Awards, Day-Ahead LMPs/SPPs, and other reports

• Communicate DAM/RUC/SASM reports and outputs to the market via Market

Information System (MIS) postings

• Verify QSE submission activities

• Work with Market Participants to resolve issues

• Update Counterparty credit limits with self-selected credit limits submitted by

MPs

Other

Note:• All transactions will be supported.

• Trade submission and confirmation (Energy, Capacity and AS Trades) may be exercised at this time.

• DAM notifications will be active.

• Phase 2 Validation process will be active and supported.

• QSE transactions that do not follow the guidelines are subject to cancellation at ERCOT’s discretion.

• ERCOT may run DAM on non-supported days. No QSE participation is requested, and ERCOT staff will not be available to answer questions regarding the outputs of these non-supported processes.

• CRR information from the market trials auction conducted in March for the month of April will be integrated into the market system. CRR Offers (by NOIEs) must contain CRR IDs from this auction in order to be valid.



Exit Criteria

ERCOT Exit Criteria

• ERCOT completes DAM execution with Market Participant data, as planned

• ERCOT completes RUC execution with Market Participant data, as planned

• ERCOT completes SASM execution with Market Participant data, as planned

Market Participant Exit Criteria

• Each QSE participates in at least 50% of the available scheduled DAM executions by successfully submitting the relevant transactions as tracked on the DAM participation dashboard


Dashboard

MP16 Day-Ahead Market Participation

Requires at least 50% participation in Market Trials Day Ahead Market runs (includes all sub-QSEs)

Metric is reported up to the 168 Hour Test

80% of Load and 80% of Generation participation required to meet the metric

Light up date of 4/1 for GREEN/WHITE and 4/21 for AMBER/RED

Participation equals any DAM-specific transactions (bids, offers, or AS self-arrangements)

Nodal Scorecard Reminder


Supplemental Materials

Slide 44

Reference and Description Location Version

External Interfaces Specification

http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/sandbox/index.html 1.19

Explanation of Market Submission Items

http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/connectivity/index.html

0.26

Market Manager User Guide http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/connectivity/index.html

0.06

MMS Requirements http://nodal.ercot.com/docs/pd/mms/index.html#req Various

Market Connectivity Handbook http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/connectivity/index.html

0.97

DAM/RUC Known Issues List http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/dam/index.html

N/A

Web Services XSDs http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/sandbox/index.html 1.3.19

Sample Reports, Extracts, and DDLs

http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/reports/index.html Various

DAM ERCOT Operating Procedures

http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/dam/index.html

2.0

DRUC/WRUC ERCOT Operating Procedures

http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/dam/index.html

0.2



Report Postings

Posted by 6 am:

• Ancillary Services (AS) Plan

• Load Ratio Shares (these will be static based on Zonal production data as of October 16, 2009) *

• AS Obligations *

• Wind Generation Resource Power Potential (WGRPP) forecast * and Aggregated WGRPP forecast

• List of all Settlement Points and the mapping to Electrical Buses

• Load forecasts for ERCOT system, Weather Zones and Load Zones

• Load forecast distribution factors

• Distribution Loss Factors and forecasted Transmission Loss Factors

• Weather assumptions

* Denotes MIS Certified reports


Report Postings

Posted after each DAM:

• Awards (AS Offers, Energy Offers, DAM Energy-Only Offers, DAM Energy Bids, CRR Offers, and PTP Obligation Bids) *

• DAM Clearing Price for Ancillary Services (MCPC)

• Day-Ahead hourly Settlement Point Prices (SPPs)

• Day-Ahead hourly Locational Marginal Prices (LMPs)

• Shadow Prices

• Quantity of AS Offers

• Aggregated AS Offer Curve

• Total quantity of energy (in MWh) bought and sold in DAM

See DAM Handbook for a list of all DAM/RUC/SASM reports available starting in Phase 4.0 - http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/dam/index.html. See MIS Handbook for a comprehensive list of reports available - http://nodal.ercot.com/readiness/markettrials/mis/index.html.

* Denotes MIS Certified reports

Documents

Http://nodal.ercot.com 1 Market Trials DAM/RUC/SASM Weekly Update April 9, 2010