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Hydrogen Deployment in Bulgaria:
from Wishes to Reality?!
D.Vladikova
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy
Collaboration in Policy and Technology” 26 October 2019, Budapest, Hungary
Bulgarian Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Energy Storage Association
OUTLINES:
Hydrogen Days 19│ 26/27 March 2019 │ Prague
Hydrogen in Bulgaria - SoA
Hydrogen in Bulgaria -
National Policy
Hydrogen in Bulgaria –the
Driving Force of Science
Hydrogen in Bulgaria –
Barriers to be Overcome
Bulgarian Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Energy Storage Association
OUTLINES:
Hydrogen Days 19│ 26/27 March 2019 │ Prague
Hydrogen in Bulgaria - SoA
Hydrogen in Bulgaria -
National Policy
Hydrogen in Bulgaria –the
Driving Force of Science
Hydrogen in Bulgaria –
Barriers to be Overcome
Bulgarian Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Energy Storage Association
Hydrogen Technologies in Bulgaria – SoA:
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
NO Hydrogen Transport:
• Number of H cars/buses = 0+ (2 Students H-cars)
• Number of HRSs = 0
NO Centralized hydrogen production
NO Green Hydrogen
Localized industrial production
• Reforming
• Electrolyzis
The first students car (2012)
NO Hydrogen Deployment
Hydrogen Technologies in Bulgaria – SoA:
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
NO Hydrogen Transport:
• Number of H cars/buses = 0+ (2 Students H-cars)
• Number of HRSs = 0
NO Centralized hydrogen production
NO Green Hydrogen
Localized industrial production
• Reforming
• Electrolyzis
Similar picture in Central/East
Europe
NO Hydrogen Deployment
Demo projects in FCH JU (2017)
Hydrogen Technologies in Bulgaria – SoA:
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
NO Hydrogen Transport:
• Number of H cars/buses = 0+ (2 Students H-cars)
• Number of HRSs = 0
NO Centralized hydrogen production
NO Green Hydrogen
Localized industrial production
• Reforming
• Electrolyzis
Similar picture in Central/East
Europe
NO Hydrogen Deployment
H2ME
+
GE, Fr - JIVE 2
FC vehicles
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
NO Hydrogen Transport:
• Number of H cars/buses = 0+ (2 Students H-cars)
• Number of HRSs = 0
NO Centralized hydrogen production
NO Green Hydrogen
Localized industrial production
• Reforming
• Electrolyzis
Similar picture in Central/East
Europe
NO Hydrogen Deployment
HRS
Hydrogen Technologies in Bulgaria – SoA:
Hydrogen Technologies in Bulgaria – SoA:
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
NO Hydrogen Transport:
• Number of H cars/buses = 0+ (2 Students H-cars)
• Number of HRSs = 0
NO Centralized hydrogen production
NO Green Hydrogen
Localized industrial production
Strong Dedicated Science
Nucleation of Political Acceptance
Beginning of Regional (Municipalities) and Industrial Interest
The first students car (2012)
NO Hydrogen Deployment – bifurcation point
OUTLINES:
Hydrogen Days 19│ 26/27 March 2019 │ Prague
Hydrogen in Bulgaria - SoA
Hydrogen in Bulgaria -
National Policy
Hydrogen in Bulgaria –the
Driving Force of Science
Hydrogen in Bulgaria –
Barriers to be Overcome
Bulgarian Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Energy Storage Association
BG: Science, Policy, Industry for Hydrogen
Deployment (2012 – 2019)
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
Accep
tan
ce f
or
dep
loym
en
t
Year 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Stage 1: 2012 - 2018
1
Stage 2 – today
Stage 3 - Expectations 2
3
BG: Science, Policy, Industry for Hydrogen
Deployment (2012 – 2018)
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
Stage 1: Leading role of Science Science
Overcoming the scientific fragmentation: BAS + Universities
2013/14: Roadmap of Infrastructures: Energy Storage and
Hydrogen Energetics (ESHER) - accepted (DCM from July 2014) –
2014: BAS Joining FCH JU:
• BAS – member of Hydrogen Europe Research
• BG Hydrogen Association – member
of Hydrogen Europe Industry
2014: BAS joining EERA
No funding
BG: Science, Policy, Industry for Hydrogen
Deployment (2018 – 2019)
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
Stage 2 – today
Positives for acceptance of Hydrogen from the policy makers:
• The Presidency of Bulgaria (especially in transport)
• The control from the EC for the implementation of the documents
Existing
Target 2025:
BG
10 HRS
400 HEV
National Engagements:
• National framework for alternative fuels – too ambitious
BG: Science, Policy, Industry for Hydrogen
Deployment (2018 – 2019)
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
Stage 2 – today
National Engagements:
• National framework for alternative fuels – too ambitious
o Ordinance for HRS under development – requested
• National engagements for Clean Vehicles Directive
• National engagements for Renewable Energy Directive (RED II)
o Integrated Plan for Energy and Climate – Draft 1 -no Hydrogen
Draft 2 with Hydrogen
BG: Science, Policy, Industry for Hydrogen
Deployment (2018 – 2019)
Stage 2 - today
2018 August - First grant for the Roadmap Infrastructure (2018-2023
2018 November - National Research Program “Low Carbon
Energy for Transport and Household E+” (2018-2022)
2019 March - Center of Competence “Technologies for Clean Energy”
(HITMOBILE 2019-2023)
TOTAL GRANT: ~ 10 Mill. € - FOR INFRASTRUCTURE & DEMO PROJECTS
2018 May: FCH JU Hydrogen Summit in Sofia
BG: Science, Policy, Industry for Hydrogen
Deployment (2018 – 2019)
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
Stage 2 – today
Transport: Demo Projects
• Mobile HRS
• Range extender battery/fuel cell on trolley - retro fitting;
Sofia Municipality
TRL 1 Basic principles observed
TRL 2 Technology concept formulated
TRL 3 Experimental proof
TRL 4 Technology validation in Lab
TRL 5 Technology validation in relevant environment
TRL 6 Demonstration in relevant environment
TR
L
Years
Research
Development
Industrialization
Industrial
participation required
Costs
& Risks
Costs
& Hope
E+Hy Trolley
Hydrogen Days 19│ 26/27 March 2019 │ Prague
BG: Science, Policy, Industry for Hydrogen
Deployment (2018 – 2019)
Stage 2 – today
Transport: Demo Projects
• Range extender battery/fuel cell on trolley - retro fitting; Sofia
Municipality
TRL 1 Basic principles observed
TRL 2 Technology concept formulated
TRL 3 Experimental proof
TRL 4 Technology validation in Lab
TRL 5 Technology validation in relevant environment
TRL 6 Demonstration in relevant environment
TRL 7 Demonstration in operational environment
TRL 8 system complete and clarified
TRL 9 Successful mission operation
TR
L
Years
Research
Development
Industrialization
Industrial
participation required
Costs
& Risks
Costs
& Hope
BG: Science, Policy, Industry for Hydrogen
Deployment (2018 – 2019)
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
Transport: Demo Projects
• Range extender battery/fuel cell on trolley - retro fitting; Sofia
Municipality
• Plans for Production line
for 20-50 units
BG: Science, Policy, Industry for Hydrogen
Deployment (2018 – 2019)
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
Stage 2 – today
Energy DEMO Projects
• Demonstration of µ CHP fuel cell (first unit in BG)
• Demonstration of Hydrogen injection in the gas grid (small scale
portable equipment) in collaboration with the gas distributors
(OVERGAZ)
SUMMARY of NATIONAL PRIORITIES
o Public Transport
o Residential & Commercial CHP
o Hydrogen in the Gas Grid
Transport: Demo Projects
• Application for purchase of 20-50 buses in JIVE 2 (with HRS)
o TCO: FC bus 1,94 €/km; diesel bus: 2.08 €/km
BG: Science, Policy, Industry for Hydrogen
Deployment (2018 – 2019)
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
Stage 2 – today
Energy Projects
• Hydrogen Valley- Stara Zadora : member of European
Hydrogen Valleys Partnership (EHVP)
SUMMARY of NATIONAL PRIORITIES
Public Transport
Residential & Commercial CHP
Hydrogen in the Gas Grid
OUTLINES:
Hydrogen Days 19│ 26/27 March 2019 │ Prague
Hydrogen in Bulgaria - SoA
Hydrogen in Bulgaria -
National Policy
Hydrogen in Bulgaria –the
Driving Force of Science
Hydrogen in Bulgaria –
Problems to be Solved
Bulgarian Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and Energy Storage Association
BG HYDROGEN: Problems to be Solved
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
Lack of Supporting Institutions /Consultants with Knowledge
in Financial Instruments
Lack of TCO Analyses
Administration and Legislation: Old fashioned; heavy with low
level of knowledge for hydrogen
Politicians prepare documents with “brave” promises and
ambitious plans, but do not care for heir implementation
Industry wants financial benefits. It is interested only in
CAPEX and does not accept TCO analyses
Lack of financial support mechanisms
“ I believe that WATER will one day be employed as
FUEL, that HYDROGEN and oxyden which
constitue it, used singly or together, will furnish an
inexhaustible source of heat and light, of an intensity
of which coal is not capable...
“WATER will be the coal of the
FUTURE.”
Jules Verne
The Mysterious Island (1874)
Instead of Conclusion
Workshop: “UK – Central Europe Hydrogen Energy Collaboration │ 26 September 2019 │Budapest
