. ·~itti(an' ,~ljt ittb' & • ~ ign'1l O!o. T~ADe

MARK : . ' .. · ·.,· •' , .. ,··!.-::>~:,· .. ~~IS~V~~~··~~~.;J··'.~~;:.::.:: ... · ' ' ' .. :~:'_:' !:A~K .: .. •,

·.:\·~-;:·:_. ..· -: .·., ... ".•\," :· . ,:!.··-. .:-.- ·._.', '·.,. ·•. ' ., .., I,. ••

S ·b· ... T.ETITTATIVE,. rNFORMATIOTIT::FQ.·R u. Q~i···s./cci · :., <·/.· .:.. · · · . · · · · · · ·· \··!·· u Ject ....... ~ ....... f:i .•••••.•...•••.•••.•••• ,., ••••••. :··:·· ... , ....... : .. ,., ............ +1 .......... ·:·····-.. , ..... '>l ............ , ... '.·::·-,,-.. t·::· -·,.,; .. INSTRUCTION PAMPHLET .',.·

,r.mi;.,i.RatN~~!l6~dl~~fi:~:.T)lAtll.Jl.~N~RQ~.~".~: i~mbi, • U-5053 . ·· • , . AMPLIFIER_:TUBEs .... :·:.\ ... ::. ·· ._: ·:···· ,- .:·. . .-::· .. , . ···' .'.''·.· · :· ·. · · · .\· .

. ··-~· <(';.:.··\:.° .. ,; ~ >·,>- . .... ·.:°'Date· .··/ ... _'_June 3·, .1~~4.'···< .·.· .· :· ' .. i .: :. : . .- · · ._ ._.:: .. ~.,. :.Sheets . . · • . ,,· .. :' ,· . '' .. '. :, · · : · .; ,·. ·• . << ·. ·:~':._: .. :. :, · ·.: ·:·· General Information . . ,. ·· .,·: ·· ... ·

.,. . ' · · ': Th.e' furida.nientai'·p~inciple of the 'vacuum tiib~.·.::amplifier,.· ··or.

' .·':. , .

. ... . . - ... · ... -.....

11 Pliot~()n11: 1s· ~h-at:··a-::metallic. filamen.t· heated in a. high ·Vacuum will

em.it ele~tr.on's.'.in ··a..'rtia~·er. a.h~logoUEJ ,to·::evapo:ratfon .• '·Th~.re. is, howeVE

. one differe~'.~'e/'ea~~ electr~n const;t_~t~s ~ ·un~'i:n~gative charge' and

' repel~ .other el~ct'ron~: 'and:, hence' oppo.~es 'the emis,ai'o~ of electrons ·.

from :·\J:1~'.·f1la:rt1e~:t;;, so :_t~at the}e,:,.wi:tr ... be;:·no ~e~j;rii-.~~-· iele-~t_ro~ .. current ·. · .. ,···~-·-:·.~- . ... _;· .. _ ··\r-. . :~· \.: .. -. .;. · .. : . ·,f. .. · ';:-.·~ :--:\ .;_~_i_ • ~.:. _ _ ..-. ·--== . -~:t·_ .. ~ .... _~;~ •. : .. :_.· .•.. ·. .· ·. .

··,• unless there: is an' e·lectromotive ·ro:rce. :to direc1i: :it~~. An electron· cur:-.... .. .

. <..: ';::< o.n ·the pla.te·,to·: Qause. ·t~e.··free:: electrorts: ·to be :.attra~ted ··to. it.: ···.If

: . . , .the te~era:tu~e of> t~e f,1°lamen~· is l~w .. and. the' pl~~.~·.··~o:lt,age i's, high.·:._ • ' • ~ • ' ' • I • • • • .. , • '' • t • ~

'. J •. • •• .,

'.' ' ..

····( · ..

. <: ·•·

the .··current wili' depend.·' .. ~ntirely upon .. the ability ·of ·the .. fl lament to·· . ··,.:, .... ·; .. '.·:.·. ,· .. :·_. •... ·-.: · ,··. ·. . . ·. . --· . .' ~··vS."'>:,3·:ff,7

emit 'elec.trons'. a~ i,;s :.c~~arly sho-vrzi ·on t_he a.tta~hed. CU;rV:~,· T03045·,. Sh~6

. .-. · .· Th;s :~urrent' rep·r~~~ri·t_~·· .~.h·e<:ma~:tnium · electron fl6~. t.o:r ·the. $1 ven fila- .·

',, ,·: :- me11i\:emperature and :1s•,common1y designated ·a,:(.the _11 satu~ation cur_r~nt . ' .... '.:' 'of th~. ~ube::.·· .... : Wh~n the·. :rl.ia~e~t, ·.te~~rature is' gra~uall'y incr~~s~d: .. a '',

{_c .. ,'.' 'oiri.t 'wil·l···b~ .' reached.· ~~ere' the'_'.to~~l charge 'o~~ ~ii .:the ·-~.lectrons in . ~ . . ,·· . . . . . . .

·,.,-., th~ -:·sp.ace 'qetwee1t .. the> 't ilamen:t· and'.··~;ia tf/ w111··equar .and· ba.lanc~:- t.he .' ...

. ·;):,~,'.applied posi'tiv.e ·plate;·V;Oltagtl,·",~~16i :wi-~~·::.i'imit .. :the:. ~U~;e~t SO ·.t~{·: ..

. . any . fu;the'.r_-. incr.eas~ · ln ::f i{am~~~{. t ~~ ·e;a t~-~~·:;w{i1'. -~av·~ ~o ~f f ect. : T~i

is desi~ate4·\i~ :.the ·'"sp~ce cha:~~e: effect:_-:~, ':'.·A. ;P·~·~1t·1~e-~'.9t· ... ri.egati~e · ·:.c

oha':g7 · 0.11 th<l ; gr1t·.~::.1.-. ~pd. ~ f .. ·· y· . ~h··· 7·~· .... sp ... • a.: .. ;c .. ~.: ... ;:. c.' .. f·· .•.. ~ ... · .r_ .. i' ... ~.'.,.J.:_.·.·::.:.:.;.:_; .... : __ ........ , .. ·• .. -.· ·.·::·:.~. i···;·~·'.·:····.\.· •. : :~•'.I.:·.-·.·· ... ····:··· · .. . · .. ':. ~;1s~o~~ate(, (:\:. - ' ,, 'u .• s· •. & s, co •. "•" .... ,. ':'.. . u:..505·3 .. :. ';-. '.''' . . ', ·.. . .. '

' " :: ; , .. /· / :/ ·.:-> .:·<~.\: .. ' ,, ·. . . '.· . ,' .: /~·; ' ':. ..... :':,:· . ·. . ', '· -

....

.. · ....

~ . . ,"· ·. . .. . ~ ·. ·j. · ...•. _i. ' . : • '! ·:. ,.; . . • • ·~ .. ' . ·. ~ ' j,

::..: ·2:.·._;- ·· ;·· _:·· . ·.· ·.. ·: usosrz: , ·:,:_. ·<.<.~'.:_--··.. ·'· ' . . .. . . ' ~- ..,._ .. . . ; •i/::·.i :·_ .. ·,. ··. . . :.- ····: . : ; :. . .i: ::-' . ·_ •. : '.:·_\>t -~'<.-·/.);:; >:;·. :_': ,,· . :.":· .. '..;' ._, ;:. . i.

· .· _- ·-_;·_ a~d th·e:r·~~y· oQntrol tI:t~ pla:te .. <Jur_r~.n~~--- ... _ :{/l' .-·· ·. , ·. :·:. · - ->\; __ ·__ :.:._.--:._··: ,•, < ,,, ' ' ) ~o~ th(~bdve 7t }8 ev,1de~t ~h~j;}h~~ t~e.- ~1.e~ti:0n: i:' ·····:' ,.

· emi.t:fsion is. ampler~-~he :_:plate current. depends .·-upon ·thEf ~.pplied-. plat~ ·. '. ·.:; .•. ... . . .- . . . . ::·:·· ' ..

. . . · -~.;' ·. and ·grid. vol ta.g~~/.-:anq. is-independent. of ·,th·e: 'fil~merit em.ission; ·and: . ·,:

. • ··•·.••· j .·· .•.. 1.~}a under ~is'. cOn~i ifrf Pniy ,th11t. t;~:_tu;~ win • fu~cti~n Propei1y' .·· · .. · .•.. ': ·.·· ·.··:., 'as'.._an ampl.i:f-ier.;·' :· __ .. ,. '<:,· .. -~-- . . ·, . '. ·.: =:- ' . . . . t:··:·... · .. :::.·. :·in~smuch··:-?~'s ·t~e _-,, spac~ ~harge 11. :' effe~t depe~d!--upon'·:·the ge.~:- .

~. ·'.. ·.· · m-~~rical COilstr;ct{~~'.:a~~i-:·.~p·a-~ing'.;of ::ithe·',·el~ments· ~~thin :the::\~ub·~:~fthe .

~ ;: :: cha;_act~ristiqa 'ar:~ ·c6n~t~nt. \h~ou~hou:t. -~~~- ·l~-~e\>f th~ tub:/un:less: :: ..

; ... the. filament. em.ission .be'comea_· deffcient, and therefore' measurement' •

. . off ilamen~~ emission· fa:'~ ~~eful ~h~~~- oithe.·abili tyo.f .a tube 'to.

· · ,·· ·: fun~tion, pr9perly. ·. · . . . ~.

The ·amplif_ier. tubes used. in· .tra.in control a.;re of two ·types •. : ·\ .•. ·~ .. .:. '

The 'first stage tube or· .voltage ampltfier. is' designated a.s 'fyPe PJ-:-2,: ;-:_.:-. . ·.-· .. . t •:. ··. ;.·.; . ' .,·, .· :_ '. · .. ·;... . . . . . . ;: ,• ,• • •• • ... ,.\ ~I - ; • ' • • • ......... • • •• i •: •

·and has :an ampliflcation. coneftarit_. 'of .30 · and: an:. impedance o_f'',30 ,000 ·. · ·' · • • • • '. • ·_.·: • • ~ •••• :~.- •• ~ .• •• ·.:; Jo~ :·· •• ' .'\ .. : ~f .: .. · ··_ ... ~ :/ .''. .··-._ .· ·.. .... .. . . . :- .--·. ": .· . ._· . -:· ,.~~· .. · .\./ __ -~·

,:.: °.'·<·· _ohms, its ~barac·t_er:isti?.s· ·a_r~;:_show,n·'9~ a.:ccompanyfng' cui-ve·:'U5053--.Sh~8.~-: ·--<~: ·a;~:;. _·, ~·-· . . ... ; .· - :. · .. ·:' .. ,. ~- . ..-_, . :: : :: : -~ .. : .. ·;-. --~·: ..... ·.·.~; . ~ '. . . '·. ·'.: ,. , . . .• . ' . . .. :. -~ . ,··. .·.·, ~. :·.~~

· .. : _.: The·· sec9nd_:stage tube/ O!: pow~r .amp+ifier-, ·- is des~gnatep. as _Type _PJ-:-4,···_ .. :

_::/. :. ana>haa ~n .ampli:f,i~~tio·~·;c·~-~stant.·~~£: :~_::and· impedance. o.f:·.sooo o~s~·'.: .. ,. _;; : '.-.'. .• '... ·. . ,. ... ·._.- ·_ ..... ·:·. ·: .... ~'-. ;,' .. ·. .· ; .. 'd;- .... ·' · .. ·. ·:_. '·, '

· , ) ... ~It13 charac:t;eris.ti.01!1' a,r_~ sho:vv~ on: ou,rve: t1505~Sh.9/' · The difference ,: ;;::·.;._;:

:-~·---~' in: ~he-~harao~e;f~-ti~~:::of.·th~_-.'two:·.typ~~,-.i_Et.du_e:.-ent_irely'to·'ihe ' .. -\? . : _:: _:dif:f_~renc.e~;\n, th'e:'::a1~-~- andi·:sp~cing.'. ~}_\he:_g;i~::::~1re~~\:aa ·t·h~·- PJ-2 and,··.'· ..

. P~4 t~be.s·;a~~-,::in:·:·all.''.·-ot}).er resp.ect·~~-. s-i~il~./.i:(i.~_e;:-gi:.ia\of.:·PJ-2 \.s mad~,:-:;: ,_ • i • . • • • •·• ~.. ,.,:- ;_ ::"~_, ... : ... ···:,.· ~-·_' .• ···:··~·:··:~-·-· ";'-· ...... ~ •• ··• -~~--~ •. ;_:f>; _.-:\.·.-·· '~ .. _ .. ·-.:.-':. ·.· ·~ ~~-.:.~_-· .. ·.~ ·. ·=~:· .

. of. coarse-wire·. with' -ctose·,·apa:oirtg· wh:1.le· t~e- 'e;+.f'd''.of,--'pJ...;4. is made ·of<: ::-. ·\,- -~"·":.:· •. ., : • !:--· ·•• •. -· :,·. , .. ~ ·'·' "' -'~·:· ~r ··-·.··.. ,··.: •·, ... •.•

'.· . .. . fine. wire :with 'wide -:·spac,i,:ng/ .. :·:': . .i'_ ~- ·.. . . ' . . . ·_:(-\\

·, .· ' ... ·. Th", : r1iaJ!ledt\ "oi f th\1,bes P l-:fl l!lld i Jj4\tak\~Orrnauy 1. i , \ _ . amps. ·at.'4. 5:".v:01.ts. , . These· fil~e-nts are .of: ~he:· ~o .:cai1,ea, :11 'tho-ria ted11 .\ ·.:·i ·

or -~XL 11 :.type: ~~nsis-~i~f{_'.o./ :-t~ng~--te~,::·wii;~-" ~o~ti~~ing .:·~/sm~l~:-~u~nt~ty:· .. ;;:··:: . ~ '· .! . · .. :-.:·· ~··· -~·_,:·'. ' ·. ~ ~ .:~'_.·,;~. - .. , .:, ~._. . ' . ·-;~~ __ .. _:

· of tho}:~ ;C' _wh-~ch\~11~i:t/~(~P6cjty o( d;,9 t1l{f 1~\6ut•·t~:f ie~irtg.the < , ...... .C 3=84::. ,.·,· ·. . ·.·;:·:··.·:O-S.&S. ·QO;. ·::;_:, Uf?053-·,,;;::;'L. ::· .P,f\.GE.2 .. _Y._ .·· .••.

4·Z3·28 .: .' .:·.:: -\.':.\·_.::<:;__.:'-..'/''''.,.·.· ·./.-' - · ,.· ·, ··::,.,/)-::; .. l I . ,,

.. '·','.··: , .·< .·::,,S , ,. ,~,:· .·,· \:ti5053;:~.'' .. . •. ; -~·· ••· · i: ~ • . ~ . • • • • • • :-

/. ,·_.··.,,_./, .:·.·.~-,: .·;,·.:.:~ :·:.·:-.. )~·::·3.-~---- ... __ ..; -:··. ' •. • • -~ • I • .•••' . . ... _" ·. ,:· .. ' • • !, .. ~· . <·; · .. ?. ·• :

·:.. : ... . . '.. .; ... :. ( . '• ·- ; ·.·. •:. •. :· .-·_;.; . . . ... _ ... ·. ··,.··

.. :: s~face of 'the .fil~~~c~ a~d ·p~-o-;i~i~g ·;_-'~~~~:::;1~~er .. -:e1'ec'.~ron 'emission·: . ;' .... · ... · . . ~ . . .· . •. . .. ·.· .. .

'·-· .. ; .··;_,_ . '! ' . . . . ':~

• ••••• ~~ <

·. · . . : .. · .·

-:: · than·.,c'a.n:'be obtained·::frorr(pU:X~:· tung~'te1i'<wire·\~t the . .'same tempe~~it~~e~-:·_:::::<:.:, ---~-- :-'~ ·-· _ .... - . - ·.: ·-- .. - ... ':. ·:~:..:·· . ,· -~· -'.:.· .. _·. ' .... ·. -~·: .. ---~-- · .... :-... ·- .. ·.· .. ·· .. •. ·_. ·, ... ·, ". ·.·

When th_e tube is in ·opera.tion the thorium on·. the· filament sur1a.ce is·.·. ·

''_ > ---gr~dually lost~ oi' ~e·t~~~ed: by. tii~··:ei.ectr.Qn\;urr~nt or' by bomb~;dm~nt >,,: : :: • • • • • • • :, ' 0 :• • •• • • •• • • • •." • > • • • • • '• I • • • • • • ••• : •' • • _. • • •. • •. :.. • ; • > '. • ~ • • • •:

-'.'

, · ·: .. -;.:from gas. molecules·, ·if ariy gas or. ·a11< ff.3 ·present:- in the' .. ·tube·, · and ·:··. :: , · · . . . ···< . ;··: ·. ~:-··> ··: -: ...... ·_ :"·:: .. _:·.:.~. :' .. . -...... ·._ ;-.: .. ·. _·:· ·. :·; ·. _.,. . _:· .. -·:·.,· ... . ·:··· ·:

. .

. '·: this loss is r.epl,enished·- by: p.istil'lation fro~.- the 'inter.ior of· the · ,

·~.: .. ·_:·fiiament·~·:i: -~~~~~;-;~6~~~i: ·b'ondi t-ion'~·:'.the·. activ·e· m~·teriai':ia repl.enishe~·-· ... _:;·: _:· ' . : .-: ' . . . . ' . ··. . . .. ' . . . .· ,· . . ., ..

;~··: ..:--.~a fa.st as 1~ is coriaumed and.the emi_ssion remains const~t· throughou\,,<.'·< . \, . . . .. . . . . . ~ . . .. . . . . . . \ ... ·._ . . ... : .· :' .' . . . ·. . . . . . . . ~· . : ,.. .: .. . .

. the. life 'of the' tube a.nd. gradually, cteoreases ,Jas' the thorium content'·'.· :./ . . ·.,· . . . ··,··. . : ·. :._.. . . . .. . ·, ·- ·\.. . .. ··, . · ....

· . appro_aches ex.ha.us tion. <:. ;.

SERVICE TESTING. . · ·

:,· . ... .

.. ·. ·:·.·: · In· order· to :reduce· road f~ilur.es of train: ·-control tubes to, · · · ·

.··.<a minimum/ the·tu'bes sh$u).d be given an:' ein~s-sion tes.t· at st_ated int.~:r- ' .·

·,· .. _··vals' -d~ring :se;·~ice. so' a~ ~;·· anticipat~ 1'i p.o,se'ible the failu~.e .of a; , '•·.,.;· .. ·.·

,·: tube' and r'emove tha.t· tube before this; fa.illii-e 'actually· occurs: .

. · ... · ?::, . ~,. -~- These:'· tubes _have .a large a.diount . of excess emission availa~le .··· ·_. . . ·. ~- ' ,.~:.: .. '":· :: . .-r:. .. ··:·· ·::. ,.i i'· ~.1~ .·~, ·:.-.-· .·~· .-: . •.• ·\· •· .·,~ <':··· ·. , . . ": ·. ', .· "". ·., ' ' • . • :

so ·that' a,_fal~irig'' pf{ qf {e~ission-' may .be:. ~'l'o;t~_d wJ1en,.-t~sttng ·before i~·.:

: ·:/,:'has decrease~ s~f;·:~~ie~t1').\o:·p;~vent _proper .ope;·at~o~ .--~;, ::.the: •tube •. ·· .. ·····:··::. --.- .... ., .. : ·- \ ·... . ·.. ·. .- . . . ' " . '•... . .·. •' . . . . ·. . . :·.· _. : ·.- . . .. ·>·.: . ..

· · :; .. . \: The emission tes-t:.1a·, ea.13ily· ma.de a.nd,' thet•efore,. adapt~ble. to. round- · ,, ., .. : . .: ._".' : ... ·. , .. •'•'.,. c :_ r" {'' r·.-· ((:; ' ..... ;/'. ::'.:-,/ ~-· ';';· · .. : . l .':: ' .• · ._; . . .·' '.·' ; • .. :'

hou.se use. In. real;i ty ~.;,,,i t.}i·s .also. a ·;·tes.t :forc ... :exoess ga·s . con tent and · ...

·~ :''slow air i_eaks,-_as. bo~~-:;~f'.·· t~~-s·-~.:.:.f;~tii:ts:,.:-~aJ~e. ·a:· dr'op=·11{;th'e:>e~is~ion •. · ... \: ·.·

. ,. . :·.. Exper~e~c_;~:i~~:a·: ~lib:_:·:~h~)::;~~,~-i-1~t.t~;: ::d-ef:~9·:t-~ ··~/s·~~ :re:sult.: fn_:. \ ::.;" .. ~,....., .... ~.. . ·~·. ·.; .. · ... ,· :.~;,!,,(··· .•.. ·- .. " ·, .. ~"I· ... t:. . *. $: ·~ .. : . . • : . . ; · .

. · -.. etching and weakening, the. filament so .that f_ilament ·brea.kag~. frequent_ly'·-._.::_:-

. ·.· '·occurs' shortly., a.ft·~/)~:."tube .·has b~-e~-~·re~;o;~i\/~6-~-~-~~ 6;i-~abnormal: de-:: .. ~.<.\·:--.. · ! • • • • , ·.: 1 ~ •, • • .' • • • • ... • • •• •• • • • .' • : .. • • ; ! ... ,, ·: ·:. : : . ·. . . . : . :· .... .

crease in e_mission •.. · '::, ·': ; . . :,-.· ,, ' . . . . ' .. . . . ..

. . . . Thi, t~_ste :ehq~l(i ~e ~~e\~~-~5~?.~~°:e :With tiie i.Cc, Emission · ·

.Te'st Set" U50~3'/· S\?.ppiemen·t .1io·.i: •. ·.'<.;~ .. :-/.··,.·· .. <.;:.' -... ,: .. - _· · ·. ·': ,,_,· ·' ·' ,:'·: . '1 g 34 .· .. · · .. ' .: :_:::.:.. · ·./:,:,~-.-;s~-&~:.:.:, ~~ .• ,:>;~.' ~ ::_:,: .:· ·. ·-~:":>:::::;:;~)u.~()'~3'<·.: .. :: :_- ·~';:': 'PAGE · 3~- :_i / ·'

. 4-z,.zr · -. .. -= . · · . -- .. - . . · · •' ..... , . .::·· ··.,;:,'·).''. , .. .- .. '·',."··, >i;_?:>,.'.:)/.> . ','

-:· .... · .. , .... ·:·· .. . ·. ,, ..... .,·1 .•

... · · · · · · -~ J~N?·\Wf x-0;;.t;:. u,.p; pz.,:14- .. !@J@¥. _ . .;. . . t pq:z,,; ><: ~e 4,a;.,P.:, ;iw.~#V w-a. 224, z tzeq;,.c: z ~*?*M ;:.*wa.44f.:@AA- ¥@A.c ~--* . r .. _ :;;:y.,;;;s.., +¥ ~®:.._ zJG.t¥ ;, ,h.G ;;;;:;;;;c;;!IJ!!f.'¥-~, .. n'.. . ... r +.&&- e _z:.;;.,s:_ p.;u.

~<-'<· ,.-i,;:, ·. :'.· · _./ ,.o:.:k.··;1.ife ·re.co.rd• o;f .each<tube _ shpuld. ·.be k~pt. /_, Each\:tube.:-,sh'ould': ·· .. · .. _.,\,}t:: .. :. :··?> .... · ·. - _.,::_ .. ·- > -:·.,:-< ,_:·_=. ·., ··.:. :·_./ :. · -:_ · .... ··, ,. · '.':, .. :'. ·. >< < -: -~- ::_. :· ·,_.,".\;;-. :·r---~,::-·\.· · ·'. ·:·.';' ::;:'

·_. :' i;·~/be.:_.iden.tif-ied:~·by-._its i:seri.ai. nu.rnber..-AP.d. :tl}~<-~e_c9rq.::·sh~uld.:.1n_9lu4e>nou:rs·: ::" ._:·.: .tf.· ·; .-. . . . ->· . .: · · ·. : ~ ~ · .· . . -.-·;·(. : -~-: .. _>_~,---;\';_.: .... _~.-~-, :_.~~- ; .-· ~-- · -.. __ : · .. ·.- · -~·;_ · :-- < :--:· :·.:-.:-:.· _:/·:._: ·: _-_.·: ~~-~ -·.- :#r-~- R-.. ~- \-\-: .? · ~;·-~ ~-:- -.- ./ · __ ._ ~\ .. ·: ·_ -/:; __ / _-<~-.. -_ ~~:.- .>!: .. -~-.): ~.:_.;~1/·-. : ·, ·1: r .. l ~· ~ ··:.) : :·· 'of' service>'an·d· the:'.elect~on· eniiasion'at .. int~rvai-s of thirtyi days:.;·."'':· . '·<··,':-

. · ·,~ i'.'.:·.t: '/'• ::/i1··~y- •.. tu~{;w{iit\~t~ws···; · .. s~l~f \~d··f no;a1··:d~_c~e~s·{i~ :':.rJCi}

': .. ·,·,,/:-~mis_~i_o:n,,.sll~~~--'?~-.>~~~-~· -~u_spi_?10~:.:~n~.·wl~1~e:'}>U~'}~XJ>:e:r:;~~c:~;;··~~~-ij;_·::thi£v\·>··.;';· '• :0, '•,'r\•: • • '• ·. ~ • • ,. • ,... • ·:·· .. • ."".· .·. • ; • • .· :·.·_.. ~-.; ·--~~, . ·,. • ··.-, ·. • ·';. · .. •.•:.-:·_. \·::': =.~ ·~.-- .,-:1~_ •. !··,.;·test: ha~ ·:not--_enaql~d us.· .to. def_init_ely,-establ1shi. a.-miniintir!}.·einissior,\ji:s:·:a·: ',

• .. -~·~.···,.' • .·(.,,. •.'· .. •: ·. 'J'. ·.·:-:/ :' •. :·~ ... ,.:: ··:·.~.:~/· ... .;!;··,;:·,.,. .. ·." -~: _; .. :·;' .. · ... ·~·:·./ .": ... •: .·': • • '.· <·t: L .•, ·:·.::.• ,:·~, ·,·.~·;.·~·~,; J~: .. ._.:_·,:i:·, : ·:::··. '· · ·:· tia:sfs · for: reject:Lng'.-"tube·s, ·.1.t 0 appears:· that° ·ariy :·tube: who~e 'emissfoii''1s·1.::~·-. : .'

..!~-- • ... ·:·\.>~·-( ;:·.::. -~ .... ~;_.:··\.:_\_.,· __ ··:· ·_..·.-~ .. ~·.·-:,-... :' · .. -~· ',:·-. __ ·.r.··.: :·:i.\. ·····. ·. _.:. ·_· ... , -. .. . · ... , .... ·- ~.:_:.· · ·: "<.:.: ) .. eBs::,·than ·;70'., M.,A../ ·a.houl,d .~e:· .tak_en·;:out. of-::,se:rv~ce' and .reserved.-'for,· ~esJ// ·· .

............. - ·--~ ·/t"':.: ~~:: :.·.~ ... ,· ... _:, 1-:_ ... : .. _·:_-~. _·· :·!: .... _ ·-:~- ,.-·- ··- :· ... -·_ ·-·. __ ,.,. :.-_·:_·:: : .. ----/ ·. ·. :·· .. ;~_-,·x~;.·-'\_---·-~;/

.... '.· ~-. ': .. 'I-n sorne·.cases it is 'found that .the exha.ustion· of the'. f:ilaiaent;:.·, : ._·: •._ .. ·,," ._,·'.···· .<·.··.· ·.. . · ... · .· ·:. '.· .:,, ... ·:··:· . · ... : ·. -::·,:. _:_·:.".>>":. ,,.vi:1~~\ .. ,ts .:tetnpora~Y-,t p~rti·~u.larly · \J!Th~n due··. to. sudden overloa.d or short G:.i,r.9ui_t· :. ·~.·J,~., •.• .,,· • _; I .• ,-·(

0

1 'i, , .: .. · f', .. • . ··.;· ;. .. . . . • • , .: .. . ·. . • . .•· .;: ':°," ', · , .

. · .''."::'• _'\'::?~ 'the. :pla t'~:.-oircuit ,:- and und.~r .th~13-~: circumstances· . the elecitr:oz:,. : =,::::. ',-·!· · . :, . ;· • , . • • , • . •. . ·: ,• i . • I ; " ~ , . , • . il' 7 .... _ ... '• :. • ·: ··\ '' {

'. >,.f ·':< ·.emission.'inay.:-be rest.ored by. r~nning. the. tube ·wi th_<the. pla·te yol',~a.ge off.' .-'.J-'t • - ~;· ~- _.· ....... ~~· / · . .' ~--~ ._· .. ',. '. :< ~ · .. -;:· .· .. . .·· ~. ·_.·:. ·~. -~· <: ... · :. ":i .. _: . _.": ... · .. : :·~ .· ..• ~( . '< ·-·· .... :. ... ·:._... ::. ~---, -~·~_,;·.:·. ·.:_.-·

.:.:·.-_r~nd ·.with:_~?~. filament. curtent at' l,~~ :amps·~:·:~~r ·20_:mfnut.e~ ... t: .: ~ .. ·. :>~ '} ::-<?(:, .'.;/. : . . ·. \i:·_::;'.· ,·_·:RETURi OF DEFECTIVE TUBEs°~ . ·'... .· ·. ::__i: :·::·;,_: :>-· ... l. • ;, :'

. ·· .. i·: .. ··:.:,:.' .. :'·:.:·:?· (;:, _:.: -:,:- .... >.' .. ; : ..... ; . . :' ;>: ·i'' ... ·'·,.· ·. . . . . . .... .'. ~. :: -:,-.,-... · ·t:;·. · ,/.': ,., .. ··: · .. ,.·_Any .. info~m~tion 'regarq.i~g· 'the· -ope;ration:i'of.t :tub~s i:r:i :actual-·~.·,.:'.·, ·. :, ·, ;·:·_.:.··· ... J•':., ~- .~ ·~-~-·!, l_. __ ~--~- • • •. • .:. <~ .. " _ _.·;,.: ·:.-· -, ·_.::· ... :" ... ...... _ : ·.·: :·:.:::·_·.~: ... ·~ ,,; ::·. ; .'. :,: ,'~'.~ \_ · .. · ,.-.: .. ··.-:·.

:~.:· ·: .. ;·--:-: ;-"s''erv.i9e· .a~~·: .. 1ih'e,: ·con<ii tion;'of: .. failure -ier·:of ·.great·<val,ue:~ provided it\ can,;, __ :·· ....... -.--;/: · .. : ... " ... :,... -~·.; .·.'.·:··:··.'.:_:·._.·\:··:. ~·-.,···. · .. ·.':~-.~---~--:· .. :.~-_·.'. .. :: ·/::·'.:~.--:·:· .... .-· ··.-:: _:.·_ ··:· .. ··< :.-...... ··;-~.--.--~;·: ... ' · ... ··. ':"·_ .· .':.,.'·J;\ .. _- .

···\\.'.',; .. b~.' ~rought)o/th_e_ .. atten.tion):>f-.''Jr_ie:,.mil.nut,a,o·tureir.:·w(t~'i:n a.'rea.sona.bl~ ·</].-:':::.: ,#> .... ,"~ ~-'t' /'·:·:" ''.".

1 • 1 • J··,.>;·.: ::_·.-, • . ·;.,'~_:•, ... ·· .... ,,:· .. _ .. /f.,i~ ,.' ;-.':'. .:.::: ,:·.,···.•\. •· .. I.'·:,'- • • ; ·,·:·: ;".'\ ... ·· .. ; : : ·. '.: ·;.,·. ·.::·;_.=~~-.·~·:·

·. :·.·.,· .. ·:'length ·-~f.'· ti~e .. ·.' I~ .q·ra.~.r .1,o.····aqcomplis)?,· ;~ts.,_. a1r·1moperative. train···.-.-:_::.\.: .. ·· ,,.';::_···.,:_\.': .-·.··::; ._.,_· ··:·• .. : .·,,· --~,;· :: ... ·:· .. )i:.C::_·:;.;· ...... ·:·'· '; :,:··.,:· ::.:\···:· : . ·:·: '·,~---··,· :• ... ,· ·. '.·/f:'.)'.·.,.·· .. : · ,::_<· ~ ,·. ~~ntrQr : .• tµb~s:: sb°Qtild' ·_be-:- returned·· t·o .· the Union· Switch~ & ,Sie;n:al- Comnan1;·:.:·: · .. _-

:-~·:· ~:'-:--.~·· -: __ '._::,f·._.·: <. : .. '. "-::::· .: .. ';,_ ,<;-·--: <-·::·:.·. . ·. ::_ '-~.: .... · · .. ::> ... ·, <.' ; __ ':;·:::{.{·{:·

.. ·:-. ;: :tog~the-r.~-yr,ith·).n:formation_'_,ooncerning_-··th~ir: ·life·· .. and· .. failu.re.~-·· ,.· - ·.·:· -·~--.-,(·:·,:-~:

;\"ti/~;,·25t \ .. t:,T~ ·o~f y·\~{f~?f f ~i~tl:.Il:e~id\~t~i~i·~'.tiiWL.j .~:d···~11'..:i1• ;r .. '..i\:c'_:: · ;·:~~aOp.?cart'on·· ·oit .WhiQh°·'i ~ ·· -t.he·, :f.'.o11owfng?,q:ue ~t1'o#a'..fre.~'.f'·,·/Tl'ifa·:._q~'¢·a t~onairff./·.

·~;:.,\J";:~·oJdifir111:i-,~~t ·id \~;f .~f wii11}:~f }A¥ti,1;:,;rf ii:W¥f fr}t: ... ·.%:··;····· :··\.: .:··.,_ .. :·;tupe',:,consi.dered Joi.::·· adj'ustme_nt':~\/'_;.b6opel:'E1Ji:6if:tzi.:,~t~i:~.:,proc,~dure:':by ·-~· :: ,:: _ .. ,;·-.,~- :.":' ._·.· . ·' .·,. ,. ... _::, ,'.:·.:-·.·. ·.·-... · ... ·.-. :.-·:·.-.~· ,.- -;_:··, .-,·· .. ·""-~ ... :·,~:.<\·-;~·_· .. _.- ... :."-.:.. .... ~·;._ ...... ;.:,:. ·---,~ ·,:: .. ~--=! .. _.··,·~ _ .. _..

· :. · ; . the: users :,of train :·control.:: tube_s -.-will, .help-_··.·qo;nsip.er~bly, ~11.:.:th_e ma:in- . . ' . .'·J._ ~ ·.. I

·. .- .. r. . ' .' ,, . tenance . . . ·: .: :

•,.', .. · ... :· .. -~. . .

l .. \.· . ;. ·~, :If this Pliotron ~e·co~e$'::irioperati~.e\ •fill:. out. th.~s;;card andi,:;_(,:_"\ .. . ·:.·,_: .. > {'.·return ,i { .. with'··.the ·:tube· !ib- ,Tra1.n .~Co~t:,;01.· Labor{i1tory:, .·:The· . ·:;: :'./'!:'.:·:::' "1·.:·:_;'·,; ·

;·)'.··\ .. :;~:::;n;:i::tt:ti,i:z};{;;:t:}~· G'.'./J'.}J;!S'.:0.:£~/\;kf i8};/ : : ,<);:.; ::,. · -Resul ~ of :Initial 1'.es.t,. ,.·.i~··~>'Se~ial_ .. Nc;>°/~ ~ ·.,Type rJ-.-. :.:'.~~..:.;~";< .·~:,~_,-, ·-,. i·< ·,. · . .. · .. ~.' .. ·. ,,:-:',' . , ~ . ·. ~ . . . · ... ·. -·:.. ..· ~ .•. : .· ·: . :"·:: , ... ·:· .· . . . . . .-·, ..

• .:: # •

. · .... ' · /·Conditions.- ··of:· Sei:vioe :· ~ ~ .'.-~ .. ·· ... ~--~ .' ~ .... ~ ~ ·.:; .">.·, •. > .. :~ .•.•. ~ -.' .... ·.~ .. ." ..... // > ·:. . . .

. ··.: · .. :,: ·::;:·; ~;;; ~ i;if :;~f t:.,:·:i: ;· :: :\~i:t: t: : : : : : :t ::: :: : : : './:': : : :/,;: }Y3:· .· ... · ·· · i' -~~., • .... ~: .-.·· , .... ·Cond·i tions ~of F·af 1Ure ; ·.~; ... · .•.•.•. ~ ........ -~ .• ·· . .. : ..• ; ....• · ....... ~ ... •·• ;,: . -~ ·_. -~:·: · . ..

• • \ •.•, ; • : • · - •. ·,,: ·t, .... .• . f ' • ' t'• • · ; • •.->I " 1•,' ' • •

·····.~ ·~ -~··. '~\· ~ ~.;/~·:~ ··.:.:. i_·; . .-. ~\ ... ~-~_;: .• ::~:::<_:_\ ·~ · .• :,:.~ • ~ ••.•.• ·• ~;-· •• :-. : .• -. :;.::'..: / .: .. -••. ~ -~;~;..;~./r:'(._'. ::. : . ' ~ '~·. ~ .• ·. .... . ·. ·.; •.•.· ...... J . . ' . . ~ . • . .. . .r. ........ .,,;

• ; ',· - . . .• ·. . . .. : .~,., • .. ·"' ·,. '.: .. '.. . • ': I I ' l. • • ' !' : .; _ .•

. . -. , . . . -.~ '/ . -~ :: : :' . . . ~ : . . .

: 1r;

· . .:. .. · :-... ,·· ... .. ·'"' .. ·-:·' ··".·.·,·-· ...

, :· .·. ·. ;' .'. ··\t.·:, .:.I'i:t~b~·a,/;Jf/ t().· he (C?_risid~;~d· f6r_.·c:r'edi t; the :infor~·~tio~.·i;/ .. : .. ··.: • • ; I_ ·.'· ' : ,: ' ._.. \· .... ~ ... •• . •. • --:· . : .. • -~ cl> • • • •• • • • ; •• ' • •• ·.>· · .. \":: . , I

· · tq.e,·follo.wi.hg<paragrap:b.s:. should ·be ',:Zippli.eq.:. · · :· ,·. .. ,.

. . : ·. ·:: \··_,./_:... \\.'. ·~n . trai~:~ c·o~t;~.l· use ·th~'.· tubes are: operated ·u~d.~r appro~;~~~ely ~ . . . \ . ' ':' . :· . ..:·· . . ' ~ . . :~ ;._ . -: . . · ..

... -.;, .. ·· .. ·· .. ·.-. ' .. _.:. ,,.:: .. '. .: . ,; ., .· · .. ~ ; . :: .. ~- . -·.--. ·.; ' .. ~--. . .·( .'" ;·. ··- ·.··~ ... :,··' _'. _.:·:·· ... .. · ... known:. ·conditions_..-. ,-To :-obtain cre.¢it ·'the tubes should:·have been>used·· fn ; .... · . . .. . . . . ~ . -::• . . ·. . . . . . . ' .

. \·t·· ~/· ·_ · .... !' • .. --·· •.. _·_,.:<~--'·;·_: \:,.::,} . .-.~ .. _\.~ · ... •> ':: ... ,.· ... -. .- {. __ ~-:/ .. t:·. ··_,., :~ ·:·t ··r·.:1·t ... ,; ·. ; · : ~ /-'egular :ti'ain/ con t~ol ·system· undet these: kpowrt ·conditions~ vvhich '': · ~, \: ..

', ~ < _1_ .·' •• : ·, :: • ,·. _:_,/ .:~-. ---~··._,-. , •• • ·._. • :, : • •• ' • . • . • • • • • .' ; ~-

:, , shoul4 no·t· exce,ed . i'n seveiri:ty .. \the. inaxi,nn,un: specif ie'd· Condi tio:ris for... . :;.,:

.·_:--_th~s; \ube'·~_;·: <M~>.adj~~tm~nts :\~an, th~r~fo·r~;:, b/:~:o~·si'de.red· ·o~ }tube.s. · .. \ ..... :'..,

... ~~~d. ;:o:;.·'·~,~~.~~j_~~~~~l. work '·oi(~~-.. : .. tubi·s·.-u~~d<~nd.e;. :;.th·~:/\h'a;; ~he ~pe~'.·:/,><·:; ... · . . .· '. .. ·: ... · • :}'.:/· ! .• ':.. '· •. . . '·>.;,_.;·.· . . ': ,·. ·,.~ . <~, _: ... · ... -·, ~·. ·. . . . . . · ... ; ·.

,-:.:.~··,. c1fied, 'co.nditions •. , · · ·. · · .- · · ·:·:,,;,. ,,: _ ,·. .. · '; : .... •, .· ·. · .. :. '•: ... :·· .. -: .. :.:-::-::. :: . . · ... ·:··:'·:;· .,· _. , ... , .. ::: '.\· .,.;;: .. ', .. ,·:'/·\.-.:: ..•. '._·· .. ..:.-1,~r.::.·, :.·, . . \,; '· ... ·' .·

; : :! .· ·• • ··< ':_::. \ ... :_Tti,~· :·xeturne.d·,·tube~: ~'hou:l.d{ce·· as,.v.r.el'.l· pa:~ke<i<~uri_:qg::·~hipni.EJ.nJ(·,>,:

., ' ::::1::ar:tt:::p::e{l;r~:;:;1:z_r;;j1:.;;:a{::,n:;;;£~?'::\;:1:i;:::t:n}i:;<; . : .. :r'e'gardless' of.-;the:·:·"numbe·r:·:·o.f'.::-!;upe,s: .$.hipped .to·.have :.th'~ :outside carton:· :: ,::: :?~:

.. · .. ~·····,:t:; :p::;1r::a::~;~::1sirc:::~r tr in~{·;~i,;f~f~lilf i?~.· t;e,~ :canno/': .. ·· . , , .. ·: ::' -. .-:·: GUSTO~.~~·'';.~:-,~~.~~-: ~~· ~,E~_:}~ES:~:·,_.. . . ,. ·}:;,,\ ."{\/:- :.::. ~·.) __ .-'·:'.(_.. ., .·· .. ~:,,(::\ ..

:·"When' the·- customer·· rece'ives ;.the tu:t>es:, :·:befor·e: th~y- are. ·placed : : . . . ........ :._,···:._· ,· ,_,.t·'_·;·::.--· . .,~-~~: .. · .. ;- :,· ....... ·· , : .·, \·····~~ ..... <.-. - ~·. ··.,;'; .

. . in stock or service,.· they'_shou1.a·be'. :tested 'in :o'rder. t'o, riot~ .:any faults:

.. PAGE·5.·

' ' ' ' '.· . . ( ... !,-.,-~

'--.. --.... - .......... -., .. - .. ---- .. · ··-·--·-----.. --·· .. -. I · t:., .4Afi(.¥@!J®Aa;;;mx; 4 . .;t .,Uf.K 2PM@#.,., < k44K .lfl:-&41Jil!fu4l\ ..• ,sfa_. mz .. A . ... z::;;zw;nma;M4M19fWJ& 14f.4A• ,,2rq:;3.y41., t1,)3. rwv. a.um c:<, .;;.,.4;: , .. .-. ·i 4

-~ '

·', '.

. ' ,,· . . ,, !. · .. ,

~ ,:, :--'· .

:.~.· ..

eve·ntually··. tie>. 9p~rate> .. .. . . \ .·· .· . . · .. . ,.i . .: .. i" ..... : • ·~ . ~

. ·.·· •. · .

-~ ·._::

. Ifr, '.·wh~n :_a;_::.=coJsf~e~t. of ··new,)tu.'Qes:,:is~-r.e.'cei;e·d;

··oart·on .·sho·w~·:>~videnb~: {o:f::·:~~u~b-:.::h·~n-dling/ -~n~it·r~;·~-i~-~._:·:./tha_t::,cartori'. shou19,·,~ ~··_:· ·' •' ))e a~ce¢;i,d •. e ~ni,i.'tionhl.~; ·j;,e; si);nl:~g •• a • bad o;der '. ,;i,c<lipt, pe n<iin'g , , \' ·•··· · ·

.··. .. -.,.:

j'inve.stigat'_iob.,'_·pf\the:-,q:o_:i;idftion>o:t·>the: tub.ef?·,..·: .Th_i.S:.,~llows ·.the-~·piaoing_;_· ·:.; ·~. · :·.;· .:'.::·~~-··,.. :, \; ·. ~~~~~:· ... t#~:/\: .. · .;:-_-:_:._:~·:·.;·.·}·~-.: .. ) .. : .;;_ ... ~·-··~_· . .- · ·:.:· .... : .. -:'.·~· ... -~ .... -. l .... ~-~·; -~~·-;~-~; .. ;.·:.·. ·>1 ... ~--····~ .. · ..... ~_- ... :~·;\_.-::r~·>:.:~\·~·-,- ·

, ; Of .. a i?.laiI!l: ·.la te!,.~-~gainf._f:?~:t),e· tral?:9,~ortat~ Orl}, C~mpany_:';i.f ~~ece 6~~~r ~ .- / ?}: : _.-:·.·,.,.-, .. _,.'<. ·, -' .. ·-.;:'· _ .. ,. ·.,_ ·: :.;•,f;-: .,;.·,· .. , ·.,r :' . .- .,1<'·

·~:<;;;~'iiKitJ,~*·~s, , . ,.,: : · ... :: ':\. , . .. . ":_,,:' . :·'\\.,;.·:'>";:,. ;,' :;d .,; __ .. : -'/\,:_-·

' •• ·,: } .... ' ., • • ; • 1 1 •• . \i,·. ' .~ • •·· · I ! ~·. :._,

. . .• .. ·: •. ~-~ .. ~. '. \·'.·,! ·.: ·.,, ·""~: .:··

the. ·outside.-<:.:

: ' ·~: ... / . · .• ;' ( . <) •• ·;,... : .. ·

,.' .. . . ·. \ .. ·.~·

:-...... f . '

',•'' : ·:·· ,• .

/. .. ? ;,• .· .,,,.· .. ; . ;. t,• ··.,

:·.,. ..:.• .·. '.":,':

··:(i. .... ,

,· ·, . ,· .·\.

·:t ·,.

:.- .. :· . •.•'

. ·~. ~ ! ."•'• ·:·.f:· .. :\'• }' : <<:tF:·.'I

·1

· ... ·· .. ·

t,·., /:;,;' t-.~.

.-: . :·:.. ~:

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I Nt UNIUN ~WITCH & SIGNAL co., Swissvale; Pa. ENGINEERING DEPT.l/50$351,.7

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SHEETS •••- -•••""".••..,..:••I...,.,. """""•""1•11._ ,i.,,'-'11 "-"W'IIW'Vll""'IVJ I'°"'" ..... "" .............. ,"" ..,._, ..

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