1

IDENTIFIKASI TANAMAN HIAS dan BUNGA

17 September 2010

Bambang BSantosoFakultas Pertanian

Program Studi HortikulturaSemester GanjilTahun Ajaran 20102011

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2

Tujuan Belajar

Mahasiswa mengetahui dan mengenal organ daun batang bunga dan akar dari tanaman hias dan bunga

Mahasiswa mengetahui bentuk masing-masing organ tanaman tersebut

Mahasiswa mampu dan dapat mengidentifikasi masing-masing tanaman hias dan bunga

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3

Anatomi tanaman Sel (Cells) Jaringan (Tissues) Organ (Organs)

Fisiologi tanaman Transpor air dan gula Hormon tanaman

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ldquoStruktur berkorelasi dengan

fungsirdquo

Selalu harus diingat bahwa dalam anatomi morfologi dan fisiologi hellip

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5

Tubuh Tanaman Golongan Angiosperm

Monocotil dan Dicotil

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Perkembangan Monocotil vs Dicotil

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Anatomi Dasar

Akar (root) Tajuk (shoot = daun+batang)

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Anatomi yang diperluas Akar (root)

Akar tunjang (root tip) Rambut akar (root hairs)

Batang (shoot = stem) Buku (nodes) Ruas (internodes) Tunas pucuk (apical buds) Tunas ketiak (axillary buds Bunga (flowers)

Daun (leaves) Tulang daun (veins)

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Bagian (organ) Tanaman Angiosperm

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Shoots

Terdiri atas batang (stems) daun (leaves) dan tunas-tunas (buds)

Stems nodes = tempat duduk daun internodes = ruas batang antar buku

Buds Pertumbuhan pucuktunas

terminal or apical bud = pada ujung tanaman

axillary bud = pada buku batang

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11

Roots Akar menumjam ke tanah sehingga tanaman

tegak mengabsorbsi minerals dan air serta menyimpan makanan Akar serabut (fibrous roots) (1)

Akar berukuran kecil dan menyebar monocotil

Akar tunjang (tap roots) (2) Satu akar besar dan tumbuh vertikal Padanya tumbuh dan berkembang akar lateral

yang ukurannya lebih kecil atau akar cabang dicotil

Rambut akar (3) Meningkatkan areal permukaan serapan

2

1

3

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12

LEAVES

lsquoPhotosynthetic factoriesrsquo of the planthellip

Function Photosynthesis ndash food production for the whole plant

Blade Flat expanded area Petiole stalk that connects

leaf blade to stem andtransports materials

BLADE

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Leaves Fungsi daun photosynthesis

Produksi energi Produksi CHO

Pertukaran gas Transpirasi

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14

Types of stems Herbaceous vs Woody

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15

Identifikasi Tanaman Tanaman hias dpt diidentifikasi melalui Bagian Tanaman

Daun Bunga Tunas dan batang Akar

Siklus Hidup Kebiasaan Hidup Bentuk Ketahanan (keberadaan) Daun

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Daun Susunan (Arrangement) Dimensi (Shapes) Warna (Color) Pola Tulang Daun (Vein pattern) Bentuk (Form = sederhana atau komplek) Pinggiran Daun Permukaan Daun

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17

Leaf Form

Simple

Compound

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Leaf Arrangement

Alternate Opposite Whorled

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Leaf Shapes

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Vein Pattern

Palmate Parallel Pinnate

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21

Leaf Margin

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22

Bunga (Flowers)

Warna (Color) Dimensibentuk (Shape) Ukuran (Size)

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23

Tipe Bunga (Types of Floral Design Material)

Line Flowers Mass Flowers Form Flowers Fillers

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24

Line Flowers Umumnya bunga

memanjang dgn bbrp kuntum bunga (blossoms)

Bunga ini mengkreasikan desain rangkaian bunga yg tinggi

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25

Mass Flowers Tipe bunga ini digunakan untuk mengisi

bagian desain dalam rangkaian bunga

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Form Flowers Bunga dgn bentuk

khusus digunakan mengkreasikan pusat pandangan dan keunikan desain bunga

Sebagai point interest

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27

Fillers Bunga berukuran kecil yg

digunakan untuk menambah tekstur warna kedalaman dan mengisi ruang dalam rangkaian bunga

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28

Tunas dan Batang (Bud and Stem)

Bentuk dan warna (Shape and color) Modifikasi batang - duri thorns spines prickles

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29

Thorns Spines Prickles

Thorn

PrickleSpine

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Akar (Roots)

Akar Tunjang (Tap) Akar Serabut (Fibrous) Umbi akar (Bulb)

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31

Root Types

Fibrous Roots

Tap Root Bulb

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32

Buah (Fruit) Cones Nut (acorn) Clusters or drupes (raspberry) Capsules (willow) Samara (maple)

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33

Buah (Fruits)

Cones Acorns

Drupe Samara

Capsules

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34

Siklus Hidup (Life Cycles)

Annual-melengkapi siklus hidup selama satyu tahun (musim)

Biennial-2 tahun (musim) siklus hidup Perennial-melengkapi siklus hidup lebih dari

2 tahun (musim)

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35

Kebiasaan Hidup (Growth Habits)

Pohon (Trees)

Semak (shrubs)

Merambat (vines)

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36

Form

Columnar Spreading Weeping Round Oval Pyramidal

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37

Growth Forms

Spreading

Weeping

Columnar

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38

Growth Forms

Round Oval Pyramidal

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39

Foliage Retention Evergreen

Deciduous

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40

Kegunaan dan Lokasi Tidak mutlak tetapi menolongberguna Indoor atau outdoor Ketinggian Bawah atau kering Wilayahkawasan (dataran rendahtinggi) Terbuka (Sun) agak naung (partial shade)

naung (shade) Tujuan pertamanan Dan lain-lain

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41

Transvaal Daisy = Hair Brush

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42

Nerve Plant = tanaman hias daun kerangka

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43

Peperomia Variegata

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44

Peperomia watermelon (semangka) = kuping tikus

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45

Karet-karetan = Ficus elastica

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46

Poinsettia = kastuba

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47

Hen and Chickens = Sukulen

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48

Gardenia

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49

Carnation = anyelir

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50

Purple Passion Velvet Plant =

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51

Dwarf Octopus Tree = Wali Songo

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52

Bromelia = nanasan

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Pocipodia

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54

Aglonema

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Daftar Pustaka

Armitage Allan M 1994 Ornamental Bedding Plants Crop Production Science in Horticulture CAB International

Larson RA 1992 Introduction to Floriculture 2nd Edition Academic Press

Ingels Jack E 1994 Ornamental Horticulture ndash Science Operations and Management ITP Delmar Publisher Inc

Poincelot Raymond P 2004 Sustainable Horticulture ndashToday and Tomorrow Prentice Hall New Jersey

Tjitrosoepomo G 1987 Morfologi Tumbuhan Gadjah Mada University Press

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57

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Transvaal Daisy (Hairbrush)Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (httpwwwnovapdfcom)