IGC2 - Element 1 Movement of People & Vehicles (1st Ed) v.1.0

7/27/2019 IGC2 - Element 1 Movement of People & Vehicles (1st Ed) v.1.0

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Copyright RMS Publishing

IGC First Edition - IGC2 Element 1 - v.1.0 - Slide 1

860409

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InternationalGeneral Certificate


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Licence details

RMS Publishing Limited

Victoria House, Lower High Street, Stourbridge DY8 1TA

ACT Associates Limited.

First Edition September 2007.

All rights reserved. No part of this presentation may be stored in a retrieval system, reproduced, or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the Publishers.

This presentation may not be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise disposed of by way of trade in any form other than that in which it is published,without the prior consent of the Publishers.

This presentation may not be reproduced in any form without prior consent of the Publishers other than a single copy thumbnail handout forimmediate use by the tutor.

Whilst every effort is made to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the information contained herein, RMS/ACT can bear no liability for anyomission or error.

Issued to: Strabag

Single LicenceLicence No: 860409


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Unit IGC2

Control ofInternational

workplace hazards


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Element 1

Movement of people

and vehicles -hazards and control


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1.1 Identify the hazards that may cause injuries to

pedestrians in the workplace and the control

measures to reduce the risk of such injuries

1.2 Identify the hazards presented by the movementof vehicles in the workplace and the control

measures to reduce the risks they present

Learning outcomes

Movement of people & vehicles - hazards and control


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1.1 Movement of people

1.2 Movement of vehicles

Contents of element



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Contents of element



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Slips, trips and falls on the same level

Poorly maintained surfaces

Changes in the level

Oils or water (slippery)

Inappropriate footwear

Rules not followed

Obstructions (trailing cables, pipes and air hoses)

Movement of people

Hazards to pedestrians


Typical hazards


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Falls from a height

Inadequate access

Fragile roofs

Inadequate barriers

Trenches


Typical hazards

Movement of people


f &


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Collisions with moving vehicles

Restricted space

Undefined routes to segregate site traffic

Traffic routes not defined

Unassisted reversing vehicles

Disregard for rules concerning vehicles

No or insufficient warning devices fitted to vehicles


Typical hazards

Movement of people


M t f l & hi l h d d t l


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Striking by moving, flying or falling materials

Stacking too high

Damaged / unsuitable pallets

Overloading of materials on racking

Loose materials stacked at too steep an angle

Faulty / inappropriate means of lifting or lowering

materials


Typical hazards

Movement of people




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Striking by moving, flying or falling materials

Unstable loads on vehicles

Insecure components

Obstructed designated walkways

Products of machining processes not contained

Free dust from work processes or outside areas


Typical hazards

Movement of people




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Striking against fixed or stationary objects

Poorly sited machinery and furniture

Insufficient space for storing tools

Poor lighting

Work in enclosed areas

Walking into cranes or lifting devices


Typical hazards

Movement of people




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Conditions that promote hazards include

Poor standards of housekeeping

Adverse weather conditions

Outdoor working

Typical high risk work

Distribution centres

Conditions and environments in which hazards may arise


Movement of people




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Why accidents may occur on staircases

Poor design

Not using handrail

Slippery condition

Inadequate maintenance

Obstructions

Inadequate standards of lighting

Bad practice

Too narrow for volume of workers using it

Conditions and environments in which hazards may arise


Movement of people




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Control strategies for pedestrian hazards

Risk assessment Slip resistant surfaces

Spillage control and drainage

Designated walkways

Fencing and guarding

Use of signs and personal protective equipment

Information, instruction, training and supervision

Maintenance of a safe workplace

Movement of people




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Weather conditions

Lighting

Surfaces

Unusually high numbers of workers

The effectiveness of existing controls

Unexpected movements of workers

Special needs for certain groups of workers


Risk assessment

Movement of people


Movement of people & vehicles hazards and control


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How slip and trip hazards in the workplace might be

controlled:

Improved work layout

Using high grip surface coating Hazard warning strips

Providing good lighting

Reporting defects

Housekeeping

Roughened non-slip concrete walkways on site

High grip grit sheets / mats at entrance to buildings / cabins


Slip resistant surfaces

Movement of people




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Pedestrian routes within work premises:

Adequate width

Provision of handrails

Dimensions of treads and risers

Provision of landings

Disabled persons

Using a lift as an alternative

Large or heavy items up or down stairs

Appropriate footwear



Movement of people




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Pedestrian routes within work premises:

Provision of non-slip surfaces

Adequate lighting

The removal of obstructions



Movement of people




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A procedure for spillage:

Raise the alarm

Evacuate all personnel

Quickly assess the incident

Do not approach the liquid if you do not know what it is

Raise first aid treatment

Provide a barrier

Isolate any ignition sources

Keep workers away



Movement of people




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A procedure for spillage:

Internal spills

External spills

Issue appropriate personal protective equipment

Ensure safe disposal of the spilled substance



Movement of people




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Clearly marked and free of obstruction and maintenance

Safety interface between pedestrians and traffic

Pedestrians and vehicles can circulate in a safe manner

Workplace may be some distance from the ground

Approach roads, portable access equipment and support of

underground workings must be considered

Particular thought should be given to access and egress for

emergency vehicles


Designated walkways

Movement of people




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Control of hazards related to floors and gangways

Kept clean and free

Good drainage

Suitable footwear Ramps kept dry

Level, even ground

Floor load capacities

Salting/sanding

Steps/corners/fixed obstacles clearly marked

Excavations and chambers kept covered


Designated walkways

Movement of people




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Fencing and guarding Suitable and effective

measures should be taken

to prevent any person

falling a distance likely tocause personal injury and

any person from being

struck by a falling object

likely to cause personal

injurySource: HSG76 - Health and safety in retail and wholesale w arehouses


Movement of people




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Signs must be clearly visible and be easily understood

Safety signs should indicate the need to use PPE

Hazard signs might be used where excavations are present

Suitable footwear is critical to avoid slips or trips or puncture

wounds in the workplace

On sites where vehicles operate and for streetworks it is

essential that workers are able to be seen


Use of signs and personal protective equipment

Movement of people




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The employer, through management, should ensure that

rules, policies and procedures are followed

Certain circumstances may require specific information,

instruction and training Employers must provide supervision as necessary

Increase the level of supervision on a needs basis


Information, instruction, training and supervision

Movement of people




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Cleaning and housekeeping requirements

Access and egress

Work environment considerations



Movement of people




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Cleaning and housekeeping requirements

Maintenance of a safe workplace may be achieved

through the development of a housekeeping

procedure Good housekeeping implies a place for everything

and everything in its place

Laid down procedures are necessary for preventing

the spread of contamination



Movement of people




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Access and egress

Adequate space for easy movement

No tripping hazards

Handholds or guardrails Emergency provision

Neat and tidy storage of tools, plant and equipment

Identify storage areas

Mark areas to be kept clear Emergency routes

Vision panels in doors

Emergency provision



Movement of people




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Heating

Lighting

Noise

Dust



Movement of people




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Heating

Workers can be exposed to a varying degree of

conditions and resultant temperatures When work in hot environments or in controlled systems

is required, it will be necessary for workers to be

acclimatised

Practical measures and adequate protection must beprovided against adverse conditions



Movement of people




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Lighting

Good general illumination with no glare

Regular cleaning/maintenance of lights/windows

Local lighting for dangerous processes

No flickering from fluorescent tubes

Adequate emergency lighting

Specially constructed fittings for flammable or explosive

atmospheres



Movement of people




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Lighting (continued)

Outside areas satisfactorily lit for work and access

Light coloured wall finishes improving brightness

Lighting within an open plan office:

Types of task being undertaken

Availability of natural light and emergency lighting

Effect of office layout and appropriateness of general

lighting



Movement of people




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Noise

Noise can produce a number of types of damage to the ear

Noise levels should be assessed and appropriate controlsestablished

Noise can cause an environmental nuisance to surrounding

areas

Controls implemented may include barriers and screensaround site boundaries to contain noise produced



Movement of people




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Dust

Dust is a common hazard with many processes or

operations The health hazards associated with dusts can vary but

usually result in an attack on the respiratory system on

humans and other living creatures



Movement of people




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Contents of element




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Hazards in vehicle operations

Movement of vehicles

Insecure and unstable

loads

Manoeuvring with the loadelevated

Colliding with kerbs and

other obstructions

Cornering at speed

Braking harshly

Driving on uneven or soft

ground Mechanical failure

Typical hazards causing loss of control and overturning ofvehicles




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Possible causes of a dumper truck overturning

Overloading or uneven loading of the bucket

Cornering at excessive speed Hitting obstructions

Driving to close to the edges of embankments/excavations

Mechanical defects

Inappropriate tyre pressures

Driving across slopes




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Driving too fast

Sudden braking Driving on slopes

Driving on debris

Under-inflated tyres

Driving over holes in floor,

such as drains



Possible causes of a fork lift truck overturning

Driving with load elevated

Overloading Collisions with buildings or

other vehicles

Incorrect choices of fork lift

truck type when used forthe wrong application


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Collisions with other vehicles, pedestrians, or fixed objects

Inadequate lighting

Inadequate direction signs

Inadequate signs or signals

Drivers unfamiliar with site

Need to reverse

Poor visibility

Poor identification of fixed objects

Lack of separation of pedestrians and vehicles Lack of safe crossing points

Lack of separate entrance / exit



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Collisions with other vehicles, pedestrians, or fixed objects

Pedestrians using doors provided for sole vehicle use

Lack of barriers to prevent pedestrians suddenly stepping from an

exit/entrance into a vehicles path

Poor maintenance of vehicles

Excessive speed of vehicles

Lack of vehicle management

Environmental conditions



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General site strategies

Risk assessment

Suitability and sufficiency of traffic routes

Management of vehicle movements

Environmental considerations

Maintenance of vehicles Driver protection and restraint systems

Segregating pedestrians and vehicles

Measures to be taken when segregation is not practicable

Protective measures for people and structures

Precautionary measures for reversing vehicles within a workplace

Site rules

Selection and training of drivers

Management systems for assuring driver competence

Control strategies for safe vehicle operations


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Design features of the vehicle intended to minimise the

consequences of an overturn

Features designed to prevent overturning

- the width of the wheelbase- the position of the centre of gravity of the vehicles


General site strategies


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The employer needs to consider the safe movement of

vehicles and their loads

This includes the use of:

- dumper trucks- lift trucks

- delivery vehicles


Risk assessment


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Clearly marked and signed

Adequate lighting

Separate routes, designated crossing places, suitable

barriers Clear direction signs and marking of storage areas

Sharp bends and overhead obstructions should be

avoided

Consideration to vehicle weight and height restriction onroutes

Control strategies for safe vehicle operationsSuitability and sufficiency of traffic routes


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Safe operation

Responsible person

Drivers trained

Unauthorised people not allowed to drive Visiting drivers aware of rules

Daily check of vehicles

Keys secure

Save movements Roadways / gangways maintained and lit

Separate vehicles and pedestrians

Use of horns




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Factors that should be taken into account when planning traffic routes

for internal transport:

Purpose of the routes

Types of vehicle using the routes

Likely volume of traffic The layout of the area

The need for one-way systems

Speed limits

Marking

Crossing points and signs

Segregation of vehicles and pedestrians

Environment issues




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Adverse weather

Overhead clearance

Changes in level

Road contamination

Environmental considerations





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Pre use checks

Maintenance

Road worthy

Maintenance of vehicles





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Rollover

Restraint systems /

Seatbelts

Driver protection and restraint systems





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Protection from falling materials

Suitable protection for the driver

Provision of a frame and mesh

Enclosed cab Safety helmets only are not sufficient

Driver protection and restraint systems





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Accidents can be caused where vehicles are unsafely

parked as they can be an obstruction and restrict visibility

Clear, well-marked and signposted vehicle traffic routes,which avoid steep gradients where possible

Speed limits of 10 or 15 mph are usually considered

appropriate

Transport requires clear routes to be designated Separate gates/doorways should be provided for vehicles

entry

Reminded of the hazards

Means of segregation

Control strategies for safe vehicle operationsSegregating pedestrians and vehicles




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Defined routes

One-way systems

Provision of refuges

Speed control Mirrors / cameras

Good lighting

High visibility clothing

Good housekeeping

Audible warnings on vehicles

Training

Supervision Site rules

Enforcement

Measure to be taken when segregation is not practicable





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Barriers

Markings

Signs

Warnings on vehicles

Protective measures for people and structures





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Segregated systems

Maintaining good visibility

Signs indicating where vehicles operate

Audible warnings on vehicles

Establish and enforcement of site rules

The provision of refuges

The wearing of high-visibility clothing A good standard of housekeeping

Training for, and supervision of competency certificates,

refresher training, trained banksmen

Measures to prevent accidents when pedestrians work in

vehicle manoeuvring areas





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Provision of parking areas

Provision and suitable battery charging or refuelling areas

Careful design of traffic routes

Maintenance of traffic routes

Traffic control

Measures to prevent accidents when pedestrians work in

vehicle manoeuvring areas (continued)





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Precautionary measures for reversing vehicles

within a workplace


Vehicles and pedestrians

Warning signs

Alarms / cameras Space to allow good:

- visibility

- mirrors

- refuges

- lighting

Site rules

Trained signallers

Avoiding the need forvehicles to reverse




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Site rules


Important to establish clear and well understood site rules

Communicated to drivers by security staff

Pedestrians should also know what the site rules are in

order to keep themselves safe

Site rules for pedestrians might include:

- using pedestrian exits/entrances or crossing points

- not entering hazardous areas

- wearing personal protective equipment in hazardousareas

- not walking behind a reversing vehicle


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Site rules


Site rules may clarify that once the site boundary iscrossed the worker has priority, this has to be clear

The site rules may be re-enforced by the provision of

additional signs

To clarify a speed limit and the nature of the priority ofworkers


M t f hi lMovement of people & vehicles - hazards and control


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General - normal agility, having full movement of trunk, neck

and limbs

Vision - good eyesight is critical, as operators are required

to have good judgement of space and distance Hearing - the ability to hear instructions and warning signals

with each ear is critical

Selection and training of drivers



M t f hi lMovement of people & vehicles - hazards and control


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The trained operator / driver

Testing

Refresher training

Operator / driver identification

Management systems for assuring driver competence





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Contents of element


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Element 1

Movement of peopleand vehicles -

hazards and control


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Unit IGC2

Control ofInternational

workplace hazards


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Documents

IGC2 - Element 1 Movement of People & Vehicles (1st Ed) v.1.0