Indian Security Forces and Agencies

8/13/2019 Indian Security Forces and Agencies

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Security Forces and Agencies inIndia (GS 3)

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Material IAS


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ndexCentral Armed Police Force.............3

Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)

Border Security Force (BSF) Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)

Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)

Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)

Railway Protection Force (RPF)

National Security Guards (NSG)

Special Protection Group (SPG)

Paramilitary Forces.......................11

The Assam Rifles

The Special Frontier Force

The Indian Coast Guard

Intelligence Agencies..15

Research and Analysis Wing

Intelligence Bureau

National Investigation Agency.

Central Bureau of Investigation.

Directorate of Revenue Intelligence.

Indian Armed Forces...21

Army

Navy

Airforce

Special Forces

Important Issues and Recent Develpoments....27 2


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Central Armed Police

ForceCentral Armed Police Forces (CAPF) are the followingeight police forces of the central government of India:


Border Security Force (BSF)

Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)

Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)


Railway Protection Force (RPF)



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One of the largest Central Police organisations in the world.

It functions under the aegis of Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) of the Government of India. Its main objective is to assist and help state and union territories' law enforcement agencies

in maintaining law and order and to contain insurgency.

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Major Duties: Crowd control

Riot control

Counter Militancy / Insurgencyoperations

Dealing with Left Wing Extremism

Overall co-ordination of large scale

security arrangement especially with

regard to elections in disturbed areas

Protection of VIPs and vital

installations

Checking environmental de-gradation

and protection of local Flora and

Fauna

Fighting aggression during War time

Participating in UN Peace Keeping

Mission

Rescue and Relief operations at the

time of Natural Calamities


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Border Security Force (BSF)

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It is a central police force operating under the Union Ministry of Home Affairs.

Formed due to inadequacies shown in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 with the specific mandate of

guarding India's international boundaries. Was used in Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 against the Pakistani Armed Forces in areas where the Indian

Armed Forces was thinly spread.

Also took part in the Battle of Longewala.

BSF has own Tear Smoke Unit situated at BSF Academy, Takenpur, Gwalior (M P), which supplies to all

state police forces for riot prevention.

Have its own Air Wing, Water Wing and also provides Choppers, Dogs and others useful service to all

State Police. Recently been given the task of aiding the Indian Army in counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism

operations.

Peace time Promote a sense of security

among the people living in theborder areas.

Prevent trans border crimes,

unauthorized entry into or exit

from the territory of India.

Prevent smuggling and any other

illegal activity.

War Time Holding ground in less threatened

sectors. Protection of vital installations.

Assistance in control of refugees.

Anti-infiltration duties in specified

areas.


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Indo-Tibetan Border Police Force (ITBPF) Responsible for security along the Indo-Tibetan Border, covering 2115 km.

ITBPF is a specialized mountain Force and most of the officers & men are

professionally trained mountaineers and skiers.

Being the first responder for natural disaster in the Himalayas, ITBPF has

been carrying out numerous rescue and relief operations.

ITBP has also very small Force with strength of 90,000 personals.

Being the first responder for natural disaster in the Himalayas, ITBPF has

been carrying out numerous rescue and relief operations.

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Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) Formed in 1963 to be deployed on the borders along with Nepal and

Bhutan.

SSB is very small central Armed Police force has 82,000 personnel.

SSB doesn't have its own proper vehicle and arms.

SSB operates on mountainous terrains.

Role:

To promote sense of security among the people living in the border area.

To prevent trans border crimes and unauthorized entries into or exit

from the territory of India.

To prevent smuggling and other illegal activities.


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CISF is the largest industrial security force in the

world. Its current strength is 165,000. The strength will be

raised to 200,000 over the next 23 years.

It is directly under the federal Ministry of HomeAffairs and its headquarters are at New Delhi.

Provides security cover to 300 industrial units andother establishments located all over India.

Industrial sectors like atomic power plants, spaceinstallations, mints, oil fields and refineries, majorports, heavy engineering, steel plants, barrages,fertilliser units, airports and hydroelectric/thermalpower plants owned and controlled by Central PSUs,and currency note presses producing Indian currencyare protected by CISF.

CISF also provides security to certain NGOs, likeInfosys.

Also provides consultancy services to privateindustries as well as other organisation within theIndian government.

There are some reserved battalions which works withthe state police to protect law and orders.

Another unique thing which CISF is having i.e., FireWing which helps during fire accidents in Industrieswhere CISF is guarding.

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Railway Protection Force (RPF) Charged with protecting the Indian Railways.

The strength of RPF is about 65,000.

The duties of the Railway Protection Force include:To do all conducive means for the free movement of the railways.

Protection and safeguarding of railway property.

Protection and safeguarding of passenger, their belongings and passenger areas.

The origin of this force was 'Watch & Ward' and functioned under the administrative control of railway

administration.

Later on this force was renamed as Railway Protection Force and its members were provided with the power of

arrest without warrant for the unlawful possession of railway property.

The offenders are booked under the Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) Act 1966 which is shortly known as

RP(UP) Act 1966.

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A commando unit originally created for counter-terrorism and hostage

rescue missions.

Raised in 1986, it is popularly known as the "Black Cats" for theuniform worn by its operators.

It is media-shy and the general Indian public is largely unaware of its

capabilities and operational details.

Draws its members from the Indian Army and various central police

units.

It is India's premier counter-terror outfit and is typically deployed in

situations that would be beyond the capabilities of regular police units.

An NSG team with a dedicated transport aircraft is always stationed atPalam airport in New Delhi, ready to deploy in 30 minutes.

The NSG has also been increasingly tasked with protection of VIPs. This

role has expanded in recent years, as several politicians have come to

view NSG protection as a status symbol. This has caused some concern

among senior NSG officers and Home Ministry officials.

Tasks

Neutralising specific terrorist threat in

any given area, building, vital

installation etc.

Engaging terrorists or suspected

terrorists in specific situations in order

to neutralize them.

Handling hijacks situations involving

piracy in the air and / or land.

Rescue of hostages in kidnapping

incidents.Additional Tasks

The following were the additional tasks

entrusted in 1986-87:-

Security of high risk VIPs.

Anti sabotage checks of venues of visits

/ public meetings of VVIPs.

Anti hijack duties in domestic and

international flights.

Immediate back up security operations.

Data collection on bomb explosions.

Training of State Police personnel in

anti-terrorism, VIP security.

PSO duties and Bomb Detection and

Disposal.


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The Special Protection Group (SPG) is theexecutive protection agency of the Government of

India.

The force was established in 1985 after the

assassination of Indira Gandhi.

It is responsible for the protection of the Prime

Minister of India, other top officials, and their

immediate families. After retirement, the protection & security is

provided for the next 10 years. Afterwards, it is

the responsibility of the respective State

Government in which the Prime Minister is

residing.


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The Assam Rifles (AR)

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Started as a paramilitary police force formed under the British

in 1835 called Cachar Levy. The name Assam Rifles was finally adopted in 1917 after

undergoing number of name changes.

Has served in a number of roles, conflicts and theatres

including World War I where they served in Europe and the

Middle East, and World War II where they served mainly in

Burma.

In the post World War II period the Assam Rifles has expandedgreatly as has its role.

There are currently 46 battalions of Assam Rifles under the

control of the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).

Roles: Provision of internal security under the control of

the army through the conduct of counter

insurgency and border security operations, Provision of aid to the civil power in times of

emergency,

Provision of communications, medical assistance

and education in remote areas.

In times of war they can also be used as a combat

force to secure rear areas if needed.


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The Special Frontier Force (SFF)

It was conceived in the post Sino-Indian war period as a guerrillaforce composed mainly of Tibetanrefugees whose main goal was toconduct covert operations behindChinese lines in case of another

war between the People'sRepublic of China and India.

Based in Chakrata, Uttarakhand,SFF is also known as theEstablishment 22.

The force was put under the

direct supervision of theIntelligence Bureau, and later, theResearch and Analysis Wing,India's external intelligenceagency.

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Radug Ngawang (far left), former brigadier of Establishment 22,

escorted the Dalai Lama (right) on his way to India in 1959. Seen

here with Sujan Singh Uban (2nd from right), the first inspector-

general of the regiment, in Chakrata, 1972


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The Indian Coast Guard (ICG)

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ICG was formally established on 18 August

1978 as an armed force of the Union bythe Coast Guard Act, 1978.

It operates under the Department of

Defence of the Union Ministry of Defence.

Works in close cooperation with the Indian

Navy, Department of Fisheries, Department

of Revenue(Customs) and the Central and

State police forces.

The Indian Coast Guard is primarily responsible for the safety, security, pollution control and

law enforcement in the EEZ of India.

Ensuring safety and protection of the artificial islands, offshore installations and other

structure in our maritime zones.

Providing protection to fishermen and assistance to them at sea while in distress.

Preservation and protection of our maritime environment including prevention and control

of maritime pollution.

Assistance to the Department of Custom and other authorities in anti-smuggling operations.

Enforcement of MZI Acts.

Initiating measures for the safety of life and property at sea.


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There are many other intelligence

agencies, few of the important

ones are:

National Investigation Agency.

Central Bureau of Investigation.

Directorate of Revenue

Intelligence.

Indian Intelligence Agencies

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India has a number of intelligence agencies of which the best known are :

The Research and Analysis Wing, Indiasexternal intelligence agency and

The Intelligence Bureau, the domestic intelligence agency.


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Major Objectives

Monitoring the political, military, economic and scientific developments in countries which have direct bearing

on India's national security and the formulation of its foreign policy.

Moulding international public opinion with the help of the strong and vibrant Indian diaspora.

Covert Operations to safe guard India's National interests.

AntiTerror Operations and neutralising terror elements posing a threat to India.

In the past, following the Sino-Indian war of 1962 and due to India's volatile relations with Pakistan, R&AW'sobjectives had also consisted the following:

To watch the development of international communism and the schism between the two big communist

nations, the Soviet Union and China. As with other countries, both these powers had direct access to the

communist parties in India.

To control and limit the supply of military hardware to Pakistan, from mostly European countries, America and

more importantly from China.

Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)

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It is the primary external intelligence agency of the Republic of India.

It was formed in September 1968 under the helmsman-ship of its first

Director, Rameshwar Nath Kao.

Its creation was necessitated post the Sino-Indian War 1962 and Indo-

Pakistani War of 1965 which posed various gaps in intelligence

gathering undertaken by Intelligence Bureau (which then handled both

internal and external intelligence).


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Intelligence Bureau (IB)

It is reputedly the world's oldest intelligence agency.

Formed in 1885 to monitor Russian troop deployments in Afghanistan, fearing a Russian invasion of BritishIndia through the North-West.

In 1909, the Indian Political Intelligence Office was established in England in response to the development of

Indian revolutionary activities, which came to be called the Indian Political Intelligence (IPI) from 1921.

It was recast as the Central Intelligence Bureau in 1947 under the Ministry of Home Affairs.

Understanding of the shadowy workings of the IB is largely speculative.

Many a times even their own family members are unaware of their whereabouts.

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It garners intelligence from within India and also execute counter-intelligence

and counter-terrorism tasks.

Tasked with intelligence collection in border areas, following the 1951

recommendations of the Himmatsinhji Committee.

Was also tasked with other external intelligence responsibilities as of 1951 until

1968, when the Research and Analysis Wing was formed.

One known task of the IB is to clear licences to amateur radio enthusiasts. Passes on intelligence between other Indian intelligence agencies and the police.

Grants the necessary security clearances to Indian diplomats and judges before

they take the oath.

On rare occasions, IB officers interact with the media during a crisis situation.

Rumoured to intercept and open around 6,000 letters daily.

Has an email spying system similar to FBI's Carnivore system.

Authorised to conduct wiretapping without a warrant.


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National Investigation Agency A federal agency established by the Indian

Government to combat terror in India.

It acts as the Central Counter TerrorismLaw Enforcement Agency.

The agency is empowered to deal with

terror related crimes across states

without special permission from the

states.

The Agency came into existence with theenactment of the National Investigation

Agency Act 2008 by the Parliament of

India on 31 December 2008.

Created after the 2008 Mumbai terror

attacks as need for a central agency to

combat terrorism was realised.

Various Special Courts have been notifiedby the Central Government of India for

trial of the cases registered at various

police stations of NIA under Section 11

and 22 of the NIA Act 2008. Any question

as to the jurisdiction of these courts is

decided by the Central Government.


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The foremost investigating police agency in India.

It is under the jurisdiction of the Government of India.

Involved in major criminal probes, and is the Interpol agency in India.

Established in 1941 as the Special Police Establishment, tasked with domestic security. It was renamed the

Central Bureau of Investigation on 1 April 1963. Its motto is "Industry, Impartiality, Integrity".

Overseen by the Department of Personnel and Training of the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and

Pensions of the Union Government, headed by a Union Minister who reports directly to the Prime

Minister.

While analogous in structure to the FBI, the CBI's powers and functions are limited to specific crimes by

Acts (primarily the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946.

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The CBI being a Union subject may investigate:

Offenses against central-government employees,

or concerning affairs of the central government

and employees of central public-sector

undertakings and public-sector banks

Cases involving the financial interests of thecentral government

Breaches of central laws enforceable by the

Government of India

Major fraud or embezzlement; multi-state

organised crime

Mulit-agency or international cases

Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI)


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Directorate of Revenue Intelligence

Its charter includes the following functions:

Collection of intelligence about smuggling of contraband goods, narcotics, under-invoicing etc. through sources ofIndia and abroad, including secret sources.

Analysis and dissemination of such intelligence to the field formations for action.

Working out of intelligence by the Directorate officers themselves to a successful conclusion, where necessary.

Keeping watch over important seizures and investigation cases.

Associating or taking over the investigations which warrant specialised handling by the Directorate.

Guiding important investigation/prosecution cases.

Functioning as the liaison authority for exchange or information among ESCAP countries for combating international

smuggling and customs frauds in terms of the recommendation of the ESCAP conference. Keeping liaison with foreign countries, Indian Missions and Enforcement agencies abroad on anti-smuggling matters.

To keep liaison with Central Bureau of Investigation and through them with the INTERPOL.

To co-ordinate, direct and control anti-smuggling operations on the Indo-Nepal border.

To refer cases registered under the Customs Act to the Income Tax Department for action under the Income Tax Act.

To keep statistics of seizures and prices/rates etc. for watching trends of smuggling and supply required material to the

ministry of Finance and other Ministries.

To study and suggest remedies for loopholes in law and procedures to combat smuggling.

Functions under the Central Board

of Excise and customs(CBEC), in

the Ministry of Finance,

Department of Revenue.


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Indian Armed Forces

The Government of India is responsible for ensuring the defence of India and every partthereof.

The Supreme Command of the Indian Armed Forces vests in the President.

The responsibility for national defence rests with the Cabinet.

This is discharged through the Ministry of Defence, which provides the policy framework and

wherewithal to the Armed Forces to discharge their responsibilities in the context of the

defence of the country. The Indian Armed Forces comprise of three divisions :

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Indian Army

Indian Navy

Indian Airforce


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Indian Army

The Indian Army is the land based branch and thelargest component of the Indian Armed Forces.

It has 1,129,900 active troops and 960,000 reserve

troops.

Itsthe world's second-largest standing army.

Its primary mission is to ensure the national security

and defence of the Republic of India from external

aggression and threats, and maintaining peace and

security within its borders.

It also conducts humanitarian rescue operations

during natural calamities and other disturbances.

The Chief of Army Staff (COAS), a General, is a four

star commander and commands the Army.

There is never more than one serving general at anygiven time in the Army. Two officers have been

conferred the rank of Field Marshal, a 5-star rank

and the officer serves as the ceremonial chief.

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Indigenously developed main battle tank Arjun

MBT

Indigenously developed multi-barrel rocket

launcher Pinaka


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Indian Army

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The Indian Army came into being when India gained independence in 1947, and

inherited most of the infrastructure of the British Indian Army that were located inpost-partition India.

Since independence, the Army has been involved in four wars with neighboring Pakistan

and one with the People's Republic of China.

Other major operations undertaken by the Army include Operation Vijay, Operation

Meghdoot and Operation Cactus.

Primary Objectives: Preserve national interests and safeguard sovereignty, territorialintegrity and unity of India against any external threats by deterrence or by waging war

Secondary Objectives: Assist Government agencies to cope with proxywarand other

internal threats and provide aid to civil authority when requisitioned for the purpose


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Indian Navy

It is the naval branch of the armed forces of India.

The Chief of Naval Staff (CNS), usually a four-star officer

in the rank of admiral, commands the navy.

The Indian Navy can trace its lineage back to the Royal

Indian Navy; however, the modern navy was not officially

created until 1947.

The 17th century Maratha emperor Chhatrapati Shivaji

Bhosle is considered as the 'Father Of The Indian Navy.

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Roles:

In conjunction with other armed forces of the union, actto deter or defeat any threats or aggression against theterritory, people or maritime interests of India, both inwar and peace.

Project influence in India's maritime area of interest, tofurther the nation's political, economic and security

objectives. In cooperation with the Indian Coast Guard, ensure good

order and stability in India's maritime zones ofresponsibility

Provide maritime assistance (including disaster relief) inIndia's maritime neighborhood.

To play a key role as part of a pluralistic security order for

a better world.

Recently inducted aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya

INS Vikrant the first indigenous aircraft carrier of

the Indian Navy


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Indian Airforce

Indian Air Force established on 8th October 1932

under the British Rule.

Earlier it was known as the Royal Indian Air Force.

The aircraft RIAF first operated was Wapiti Planes

with one squadron.

After independence air force served the nation

with the prefix Royal it was dropped when India

became republic in 1950.

IAF has been involved in three wars all withneighboring country pakistan.

The major role of IAF was in first kashmir war

1947,congo cricis 1961,sino indian 1962,second

kashmir war 1965,bangladesh liberation war

1971.

Major operations undertaken by iaf includeoperation vijay, operation meghdoot1984 and

operation cactus,kargil1999.

Apart from conflicts, the iaf has been an active

participant in united nation peacekeeping

missions.

It celebrate its golden jubilee in 1982.

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Indigenous

attack

helicopter HAL

LCH in digital

camoflage

Indigenous

multi utility

helicopter HAL

Dhruv

Dassault

Rafale -

Multirole

fighter soon to

be inducted

in IAF


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Special Forces

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The Special Forces of India are Indian military units with specialized training in the field of special

operations such as Direct action, Hostage rescue, Counter-terrorism, Unconventional warfare, Special

reconnaissance, Foreign Internal Defense, Personnel recovery, Asymmetric warfare, Counter-proliferation.

Para Commandos

Formed in 1966, its the largest and most

important part of the Special Forces of India.

A part of the highly trained Parachute Regiment

of the Indian Army helping the main army to get

in the enemy lines without much damage.

Ghatak Force

Special operations capable infantry platoon.

There is one platoon in every infantry battalion in

the Indian Army.

Ghatak is a Hindi word meaning "killer" or

"lethal". They act as shock troops and spearheadassaults ahead of the battalion.

Usually are 20-men strong.

Marine Commandos (MARCOS)

Elite special operations unit of the Indian Navy.

Specially organized, trained and equipped for the

conduct of special operations in a maritime

environment.

One of the finest Special Forces units in the world

and among the few units qualified to jump in the

water with a full combat load.

Specialized in maritime operations in Jammu and

Kashmir through the Jhelum River and Wular

Lake.

Garud Commando Force

Special Forces unit of the Indian Air Force.

Formed in September 2004 and has strength of

approximately 2000 personnel.

derives its name from Garuda, a divine bird-like

creature of Hindu Mythology.

Ttasked with the protection of critical Air Force bases

and installations; search and rescue during peace and

hostilities and disaster relief during calamities.

Presently, Garud's are deployed in Congo as part of

the UN peace keeping operations.


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Important Issues andRecent Develpoments

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Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), 1958

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Parliament passed the AFSPA in 1958.

It gives draconian powers to the armed forces to deal with insurgencies.

The Supreme Court upheld the Act in 1997. In November 2004, a 5 member committee under the chairmanship of Justice B.P.Jeevan Reddy suggested that

the AFSPA should be repealed.

The Contentios Sections

Section 4: Empowers the Army to search premises, make arrests without warrants and use extreme force.

Section 6: Stipulates that arrested persons and seized property are to be made over to the police with little delay.

Section 7: Offers protection for army men acting in good faith in their official capacity. Prosecution is permitted

only after sanction of the Central Government.

Irom Chanu Sharmila is arguably waging the longest-

running hunger strike in history. This year will mark the

fourteenth year of her protest launched on November 5,2000 demanding that the government repeal a draconian

law that grants absolute power to armed forces in troubled

areas. She survives only because she is being force-fed

through a tube attached to her nose.


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Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), 1958

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Objections by Army:

Proactive operations will be severely affected under extant laws for Aid to Civil Authority since it has major

limitations in this kind of environment and will result in the initiative being passed to the militant.

The Army will not have the powers to arrest or search any individual or premise suspected to be indulging in/being

used for anti-national activities. The Armed forces will not be able to use any force to diffuse any situation other than in self defence.

Powers to destroy ammunition dumps, IEDs (improvised explosive devices) will be nonexistent.

Troops will not be able to perform their duties in the prevailing environment without proper legal cover. Besides the

question of morale the orders of the commanders on ground themselves would be questionable by his command as

'unlawful'.

It would bolster the will of anti-nationals and provide a definitive surge to militancy.

Santosh Hedge Commission:

Appointed by the Supreme Court to investigate encounter killings in Manipur, hasmethodically exposed the legislationsfailure to tackle insurgency in the State

It examined six cases and pointed out:

That the encounters were not genuine and maximum force was used to kill people.

The Act provided sweeping powers to the security forces even to the extent of

killing the suspected person with protection against prosecution but the Act failed

to provide protection to the citizens against the possible misuse.

The commission also noted that in general cases, the greater the power, the greater

the restraint and stricter the mechanism to prevent its misuse or abuse. But in caseof the AFSPA in Manipur this principle appears to have been reversed.


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CBI is unconstitutional- Guwahati High Court

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Whilewe decline to hold and declare that the DSPE (Delhi Special Police Establishment) Act, 1946,

is not a valid piece of legislation, we do hold that the CBI is neither an organ nor a part of the DSPE

and the CBI cannot be treated as a policeforceconstituted under the DSPE Act, 1946,said JusticeIqbal Ahmed Ansari and Justice Indira Shah of Guwahati High Court in their judgment.

The court also dismissed a home ministry order under which the CBI was set up in 1963.

It said that the 50-year-old resolution was not produced before the President and never

received his assent, as is the norm for legislation. Hence, CBI cannot be called a

"constitutional investigative agency.

CBIs ArgumentsCBI argued that it had been

exercising its functions and powers

to investigate like a police force

under the DSPE Act 1946 for 50

years and that the SC had upheld

the validity of DSPE Act in several

cases. It contented that the HC

had erred in interferring that the

DSPE Act didnt support CBIs

existence.

The Supreme Court has

stayed the Gauhati high

court's verdict that

declared the CBI

'unconstitutional'.

Earlier the Centre had

challenged before the

Supreme Court theGauhati high court order

and sought a stay on it

contending that the

verdict will adversely

impact thousands of

criminal cases pending

across the country.


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Recent news articles

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NATGRID begins operations; high security protocols deployed

Source: DNA

NATGRID, the ambitious counter- terror mechanism envisaged post 26/11, has discretely begun churning outvital information for Indian security agencies.

High-level security arrangements have been put in place to aggressively guard the system against any breach in

its platform.

21 data sources of various intelligence and enforcement agencies have been brought on board to put together a

better picture of an incident which could be used not only to counter an impending threat but also trail

suspects.

NATGRID is a tool in background.It is assisting agencies. It is only a pointer, like a compass.It is like Google. When

you search for anything on Google it points you to go here and go there..likewise it (NATGRID) enables an officer

to very quickly get a 360-degree view of a situation.


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Border Security Force to guard Myanmar border from 2014 itself: Director GeneralSource: DNA From this year itself, BSF will start guarding the 1,624-km-long India-Myanmar border thar passes through the

states of Nagaland, Mizoram, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh.

The BSF now patrols the country's borders with Bangladesh and Pakistan while Assam Rifles have been maintaining

vigil at the India-Myanmar border since 2002.

Government to Launch Internet Spy System 'Netra' SoonSource: The Indian Express

Use of words like 'attack', 'bomb', 'blast' or 'kill' in tweets, status updates, emails or blogs may bring people under

surveillance of security agencies as the government will soon launch 'Netra', an internet spy system capable of

detecting malafide messages.

The Home Ministry is giving finishing touches to 'Netra', which will be deployed by all security agencies to capture

any dubious voice traffic passing through software like Skype or Google Talk, besides write-ups in tweets, status

updates, emails, instant messaging transcripts, internet calls, blogs and forums.

It is developed by Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (CAIR), a lab under Defence Research and

Development Organisation (DRDO).

The specifications of the 'Netra' system can be taken as frozen following tests by the Intelligence Bureau and

Cabinet Secretariat, and can be considered for providing multiple user access to security agencies.

The inter-ministerial group favoured allocation of 300 GB of storage space to a maximum of three security

agencies, including the Intelligence Bureau and Cabinet Secretariat, for intercepted internet traffic and an extra

100 GB would be assigned to the remaining law enforcement agencies.


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Govt clears Rs 11,000 cr modernisation plan for central forces

Source: Economic Times

Government today approved a Rs 11,000-crore project for modernisation of central paramilitary forces, including ITBP which

guards the now tense Sino-Indian border.

CRPF, BSF, ITBP, CISF, SSB, NSG and Assam Rifles will benefit under the plan which was awaiting approval from CCS.

Sources said the standoff along the Sino-Indian border in Ladakh, which is being guarded by the Indo-Tibetan Border Police,

is believed to have prompted the CCS to clear the project which is already delayed by a year.

Chinese troops had pitched tents 19 km inside Indian territory in Daulat Beg Oldie area in Ladakh last month, leading to

tension on the frontier.

The modernisation will ensure that the forces have better arms, ammunition, night vision devices, patrolling equipment,vehicles and other infrastructural upgradation.


CBI sought part RTI exemption, Govt gave it fullSource: Indian Express

Almost three years after the controversial decision to exempt the CBI from the purview of the Right To Information

Act, it has come to light that the Solicitor-General and the investigating agency itself wanted only partial immunity

from the transparency law, but got total exemption from the UPA government.

The government felt that exempting the premier investigating agency only partially would lead to other bodies

asking for the same, and this push for full exemption was strongly backed by the Prime MinistersOffice, according

to file notings and official records accessed by The Indian Express.


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