INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND IMPERIALISM

REVIEW

BEGINNINGS

• England – coal, stable society and Gov’t, investment capital ($), universities (factors of production)

• Textile industry – inventions like flying shuttle, spinning machines

• 1st Revolution – Steam

• 2nd Revolution – oil, gas, chemicals

IMPACT

• End of Cottage system -> Factory system

• Urbanization and rise of middle class

• Steam engines -> railroads -> greater transportation = mobility and job opportunities

• in inequality of wealth -> Communism and socialism as cure (Workers’ Paradise)

• Labor unions

MORE IMPACT

• Leads to environmental problems – smog, pollution

• Long hours -> hurts family, child labor, juvenile delinquency

• Poor working conditions, abuse

• More labor saving devices, more free time, less need for servants

ARTISTIC RESPONSE

• Romanticism

• Realism

IMPERIALISM

• Creating empires

• Primarily Europeans – British, French, Germans, Belgium

• Wanted natural resources (for factories), power, prestige, exploration, religious conversion

• Social Darwinism - rational

DIFFERENT RESPONSES

• Africa – COLONIES – many countries

• India – COLONY – one country, England

• French Indochina -> Vietnam

• China – SPHERES OF INFLUENCE

• Japan – INDEPENDENT – becomes imperialistic (copies Euros)

NATIVE RESPONSES

• Rise of independence movements

• Nationalism

• Collapse of culture and gov’t - China

EXAMPLES

• Manchuria – part of China, taken over by Japan

• India – Gandhi

• Japan – Domination of Asia = WWII

• Africa – Artificial borders = Genocide

• South Africa – Apartheid = Mandela

LEGACY

• Disruption of traditional society

• Fear and distrust of White men/societies

• Weak governments = corruption, poverty and inequity