Installation of Os Edit

8/3/2019 Installation of Os Edit

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INSTALLATION OF OS

(AIX)

FORE BRAIN TECHNOLOGIES


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Approval Signatures

Approved by:

Project Leader

Approved by: IM/IT

Project Leader

Prepared by: Project

Manager

Prepared by: IM/IT Project

Manager

Reviewed by: Quality Assurance

Manager


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About This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Chapter 1. Introduction to Base Operating System Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1Electronic License Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Chapter 2. New and Complete Overwrite Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1Step 1. Prepare Your System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1Step 2. Boot from the AIX Product CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1Step 3. Set and Verify Installation Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2Step 4. Configure the System after Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Chapter 3. Migration Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1Step 1. Prepare Your System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1Step 2.Boot from the AIX Product CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2Step 3.Verify Migration Installation Settings and Begin Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2Step 4.Verify System Configuration after Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3


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Chapter:1

Project overview

There are multiple ways to install the AIX base operating system.The Base Operating System

(BOS) installation program first restores the run-time bos image, then installs the appropriate

filesets, depending on your selections. The installation program automatically installs requiredmessage filesets, according to the language you choose.

The following installation methods are available on AIX:

New and Complete OverwriteThis method installs AIX 5.2 on a new machine or completelyoverwrites any BOS version that exists on your system.

MigrationThis method upgrades from AIX 4.2 or later versions of the BOS to AIX5.2. A migration installation preserves most file systems, including theroot volume group, logical volumes, and system configuration files. Itoverwrites the /tmp file system.

PreservationThis method replaces an earlier version of the BOS but retains theroot volume group, the usercreated logical volumes, and the /homefile system. It overwrites the /usr, var, tmp, and / (root) file systems.Product (application) files and configuration data are lost. Forinformation about preservation installation, see the AIX 5L Version5.2 Installation Guide and Reference.

The table below shows the differences in the installation steps between thenew and complete ovewrite installation and the migration methods.

Table 1. AIX BOS Installation Methods

Installation Steps New and Complete MigrationOverwrite

Make rootvg Yes No

Make filesystem /, /usr, /var Yes No

Make filesystem /home Yes NoSave Configuration No Yes

Restore BOS Yes Yes

Install Additional Filesets Yes Yes

Restore Configuration No Yes


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Versions of aix:

Date Version

1986 AIX 1

1987 AIX 2

1989 AIX 31990 AIX 3.1

1993 Sept. AIX 3.2.5

1993 AIX 4.0

1994 July AIX 4.1

1994 Oct. AIX 4.1.1, first use of the CDE desktop as AIX window desktop

1994 AIX 4.1.2

1995, June AIX 4.1.3, contains in parts of CDE 1.0

1995, Oct. AIX 4.1.4, max. file size up to 2 GByte and 2 GByte RAM, file system up to 64 GByte

1996 AIX 4.1.5, max. file size up to 2 GByte and 2 GByte RAM, file system up to 64 GByte

1996, Oct.AIX 4.2, full support of CDE 1.0, max. file size up to 64 GByte and 4 GByte RAM, filesystem up to 128 GByte

1994 AIX 4.2.5, BSI E3/F-C2 Security Certification1997, Oct. AIX 4.3, BSI E3/F-C2 Security Certification

1998, AprilAIX 4.3.1, Certification B1/EST-X Version 2.0.1, max. file size up to 64 GByte and 16GByte RAM, file system up to 1 TByte

1998, Oct. AIX 4.3.2, max. file size up to 64 GByte and 32 GByte RAM

1999, Sept. AIX 4.3.3, max. file size up to 64 GByte and 96 GByte RAM, file system up to 1 TByte

2000 AIX 5L

2001 May AIX 5L 5.1, up to 32 processors and 512 GByte RAM

2002 Oct. AIX 5L 5.2, up to 32 processors and 1024 GByte RAM

2004 Aug. AIX 5L 5.3, up to 64 processors and 2048 GByte RAM

2007 Juli AIX 6 OpenBeta

2007 Nov AIX 6.1

2010 AIX 7 planned


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Chapter: 2New and Complete Overwrite Installation

Use the following steps to perform a new and complete overwrite installation of AIX 5.2.

Step 1. Prepare Your System

Step 2. Boot from the AIX Product CD

Step 3. Set and Verify Installation Settings on page 2-2

Step 4. Configure the System after Installation on page 2-4

For more information on new and complete overwrite installation, refer to the Installing the

Base Operating System section in the AIX 5L Version 5.2 Installation Guide and Reference.

Refer to the Network Installation Management (NIM) section in the AIX 5L Version 5.2Installation Guide and Reference, if you are performing a network installation of AIX.

Step 1. Prepare Your System1. There must be adequate disk space and memory available. AIX 5.2 requires 128 MB of

memory and 2.2 GB of physical disk space. For additional release information, see the

AIX 5L Release Notes.

2. Make sure your hardware installation is complete, including all external devices. Seethe documentation that came with your system unit for installation instructions.

3. If the system is currently installed, make a backup copy of your system software

and data if you are installing over an existing version of AIX. For instructions onhow to create a system backup, refer to the Creating System Backups section inthe AIX 5L Version 5.2 Installation Guide and Reference.

4. If your system needs to communicate with other systems and access their resources,

make sure you have the following information before proceeding with installation:

Network Interface Adapter The interface is created on the adapter.

Host Name

IP Address ______._______._______._______

Network Mask ______._______._______._______

Nameserver ______._______._______._______

Domain Name

Gateway ______._______._______._______

Step 2. Boot from the AIX Product CD1. Insert the AIX Volume 1 CD into the CDROM device.

2. Make sure all external devices attached to the system (such as CDROMdrives, tape drives, DVD drives, and terminals) are turned on. Only the CDROMdrive from which you will install AIX should contain the installation media.

3. Power on the system.


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4. When the system beeps twice, press F5 on the keyboard (or 5 on an ASCII terminal). If

you have a graphics display, you will see the keyboard icon on the screen when the

beeps occur. If you have an ASCII terminal (also called a tty terminal), you will see the


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word keyboard when the beeps occur. The system will now boot from theinstallation media.

Note:

If your system does not boot using the F5 key (or the 5 key on an ASCIIterminal), refer to your hardware documentation for information onhow to get your system to boot from an AIX product CD.

5. Select the system console by pressing F1 (or 1 on an ASCII terminal) and press

Enter. If you have more than one display or terminal, follow the instructions onthe display or terminal to select one as the console.

6. Select the language for the BOS Installation menus by typing the correspondingnumber in the Choice field. Press Enter to open the Welcome to Base OperatingSystem Installation and Maintenance screen.

7. Type 2 to select 2 Change/Show Installation Settings and Install in the Choicefield and press Enter.

Welcome to Base Operating SystemInstallation and Maintenance

Type the number of your choice and press Enter. Choice isindicated by >>>.

1 Start Install Now with Default Settings

>>> 2 Change/Show Installation Settings and Install

3 Start Maintenance Mode for System Recovery

88 Help ?99 Previous Menu

>>> Choice [1]: 2

Step 3. Set and Verify Installation Settings1. In the Installation and Settings screen, verify the installation settings are

correct by checking the method of installation (New and Complete Overwrite),the disk or disks you want to install, the primary language environmentsettings, and the installation options.

A summary of selected options displays. Confirm your selections and press Enter to

begin the BOS installation. The system automatically reboots after installation is

complete. Go to Step 4. Configure the System after Installation on page 2-4.

Otherwise, go to substep 2.

2. To change the System Settings, which includes the method of installationand disk where you want to install, type 1 in the Choice field and press Enter.

Installation and Settings

Either type 0 and press Enter to install with currentsettings, or type thenumber of the setting you want to change and press Enter.

1 System Settings:Method of Installation.............New and Complete

OverwriteDisk Where You Want to Install.....hdisk0

>>> Choice [0]: 1


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3. Type 1 for New and Complete Overwrite in the Choice field and press Enter. The

Change Disk(s) Where You Want to Install screen now displays.

Change Disk(s) Where You Want to Install

Type one or more numbers for the disk(s) to be usedfor installation and pressEnter. To cancel a choice, type the corresponding numberand Press Enter.

At least one bootable disk must be selected. The currentchoice is indicatedby >>>.

Name Location Code Size(MB) VG Status Bootable

1 hdisk0 04B0002,0 4296 none Yes2 hdisk1 04B0005,0 4296 none Yes3 hdisk2 04B0006,0 12288 none Yes

>>> 0 Continue with choices indicated above

66 Disks not known to Base Operating System Installation77 Display More Disk Information88 Help ?99 Previous Menu

>>> Choice [0]:

4. Select the disk or disks you want to install by typing the number that corresponds tothe hard disk name and pressing Enter. The disk will now be selected as indicated by

>>>. Do this for each disk that you want to be part of the AIX root volume group. To

unselect the destination disk, type the number again and press Enter.

5. Complete the disk selection by typing a 0 in the Choice field and press Enter. The

Installation and Settings screen displays with New and Complete Overwriteas the method of installation and the user selected disks.

6. To change the Primary Language Environment Settings, type 2 in the Choicefield and press Enter. Type the number that corresponds to the CulturalConvention, Language, and Keyboard for your selection and press Enter.

7. To change the More Options, type 3 in the Choice field and press Enter.Among the installation options available to you in AIX 5.2, you can:

Change the desktop application.

Enable or disable the Trusted Computing Base option.

Enable or disable the Controlled Access Protection Profile (CAPP) andEvaluation Assurance Level 4+ (EAL4+) option.

Enable the 64bit kernel.

Enable the Enhanced Journaled File System

(JFS2). Install graphics software.

Install the documentation services software.

For more information about the installation options available in AIX 5.2, see the

Advanced Options section in the AIX 5L Version 5.2 Installation Guide and Reference.


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8. Verify that the selections are correct in the Overwrite Installation Summaryscreen, as follows:

Overwrite Installation Summary

Disks: hdisk0Cultural Convention: en_USLanguage: en_USKeyboard: en_US64 Bit Kernel Enabled: NoJFS2 File Systems Created: NoDesktop: CDEEnable System Backups to install any system: Yes

Optional Software being installed:

>>> 1 Continue with Install88 Help ?99 Previous Menu

>>> Choice [1]:

10. Press Enter to begin the BOS installation. The system automaticallyreboots after installation is complete.

Step 4. Configure the System after Installation1. On systems with a graphics display, after a new and complete overwrite installation,

the Configuration Assistant opens. On systems with an ASCII display, after a newand complete overwrite installation, the Installation Assistant opens.

2. Select the Accept Licenses option to accept the electronic licenses for theoperating system.

3. Set the date and time, set the password for the administrator (root user), andconfigure network communications (TCP/IP).

Use any other options at this time. You can return to the Configuration Assistant or the

Installation Assistant by typing configassist or smitty assist at the command line.

4. Select Exit the Configuration Assistant and select Next. Or, press F10 (or ESC+0 )to exit the Installation Assistant.

5. If you are in the Configuration Assistant, select Finish now, and do notstart Configuration Assistant when restarting AIX and select Finish.

At this point, the new and complete overwrite BOS installation is complete andthe initial configuration of the system is complete.


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Chapter :3Migration Installation

Use the following steps to migrate your current version of the operating system to AIX 5.2.

Step 1. Prepare Your System

Step 2. Boot from the AIX Product CD on page 3-2

Step 3. Verify Migration Installation Settings and Begin Installation on page 3-2

Step 4. Verify System Configuration after Installation on page 3-3

For more information on Migration Installation, refer to the Migration Installationsection in the AIX 5L Version 5.2 Installation Guide and Reference.

Refer to the Network Installation Management (NIM) section in the AIX 5L Version5.2 Installation Guide and Reference, if you are performing a network installation ofAIX. Attention: This procedure requires shutting down and reinstalling the baseoperating system. Whenever you reinstall any operating system, schedule your

downtime when it least impacts your workload to protect yourself from a possibleloss of data or functionality. Before you perform a migration installation, ensureyou have reliable backups of your data and any customized applications or volumegroups. For instructions on how to create a system backup, refer to CreatingSystem Backups in the AIX 5L Version 5.2 Installation Guide and Reference.

Step 1. Prepare Your System1. Ensure that the root user has a primary authentication method of SYSTEM.

You can check this condition by typing the following command:

# lsuser a auth1 root If needed, change the value by typing thefollowing command:

# chuser auth1=SYSTEM root

2. Before you begin the installation, other users who have access to your systemmust be logged off.

3. Verify that your applications will run on AIX 5.2. Also, check if your applications are

binarycompatible with AIX 5.2. If your system is an application server, verify that

there are no licensing issues. Refer to your application documentation or provider toverify on which levels of AIX your applications are supported and licensed.

4. Verify that all currently installed software is correctly entered in the Software Vital

Product Database (SWVPD), by using the lppchk command. To verify that all filesets

have all required requisites and are completely installed, type the following:

# lppchkv

5. Check that your hardware microcode is uptodate.

6. All requisite hardware, including any external devices (such as tape drives or CD/DVD

ROM drives), must be physically connected and powered on. If you need further

information, refer to the hardware documentation that accompanied your system.

7. Use the errpt command to generate an error report from entries in the systemerror log. To display a complete detailed report, type the following:

# errpt a

8. There must be adequate disk space and memory available. AIX 5.2 requires 128 MB of

memory and 2.2 GB of physical disk space. For additional release information, see the

AIX 5.2 Release Notes.


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Chapter:5Network Installation Manager

A basic NIM environment consists of several IBM System p machines (at leasttwo) connected via aTCP/IP network. A physical network can be shared byseveral NIM environments, therefore the machinesattached to the samephysical network can be part of several NIM environments.

NIM terminologyNext, we provide definitions of NIM terminology to help you understand thenaming conventions used in this book.

MasterMaster refers the machine where you set up and maintain your NIM environment.You can also initiate installations from here (push mode). It is the key piece of theNIM environment. Refer to 2.1.4, NIM master selection on page 26, forinformation about how to chose a machine to become the NIM master.

ClientThe NIM client can be the target for NIM master-initiated operations such asinstallation, updates, and so forth (push mode). Also, a client can initiate its owninstallation or update (pull mode). A NIM client automatically becomes aresource server when it holds NIM resources.

Resource serverAny machine (the master or a standalone client) can be configured by the masteras a server for a particular software resource. In most environments, the masteris also resource server.

If other machines are already reporting to the master and they are installed (AIX),you can chose one of them to act as a resource server, thus relieving the NIMmaster of the heavy I/O load (disk and network). In such cases, the NIM masteris only used to run administrative tasks.

Push and pull modesThepush mode operation is initiated from the master. Thepull mode operation is

initiated from the client. The very first time a client is installed, only the pull modecan be used. Note the following points:

_In order for the push mode to be successful, the client must have a minimum


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AIX image already installed and TCP/IP configured._To use the pull mode, you need access to the clients SMS menu. For this youeither need a console attached to the machine, or for HMC-managedsystems, you need access to the HMC.

Screenshot of installation:

installation starts with booting from media. In this case, from the AIX 7.1 DVD media


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Select Install Screen

First we have to tell AIX which screen we are installing from. AIX sends a message to each screen -

whether it is a tty or lft (low function graphic terminal) with a number. Press that number followed by

the Enter key. The other displays clear and AIX continues with the selected screen.


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Install Language

The first choice you need to make is language. English is pre-selected so just press enter.


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Welcome to AIX


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Although you could go through life accepting defaults, Installation Settings

Use option 1 to ensure it is a New & Overwrite install - let's be fresh!

Then use option 2 to select your language of choice. I prefer using the USA English.

I prefer option 2 when installing AIX.


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Set Primary Languge

After you select option 2 note that the default choice is the next screen. Continue scrolling and enter your language number.

The screen after that is the keyboard selection. I always choose the "smaller" keyboard - option 1.


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Security

For an initial install the defaults are probably fine, but let's take a peek.

Option 3 please.


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Security Models

Do not start with Trusted AIX. That is an advanced topic we shall cover on another day. Since we arelooking at options - Option 2 please.


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Standard Security Options

Defaults are all No - and we shall leave them at No.

Option 1. "Secure by Default" installs less of AIX than usual - being more secure than installing everything. Also, "Secure by Default" calls AIX Security Expert

during the

first boot to do some automatic system hardening.

Option 2. "CAPP and EAL4+ Configuration Install" - Controlled Access Protection Profile and

European Audit Level 4 with some additions. This used to be known as C2 (from Orange Book days) Security.

http://www.commoncriteriaportal.org/files/ppfiles/capp.pdf

http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/aix/v6r1/topic/com.ibm.aix.security/doc/security/capp_eal4plus.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation_Assurance_Level

Option 3. Trusted Computing Base Install. This is the old TCB install. Great in it's day - we do not want it now.

Instead, for AIX 6 and AIX 7 we will use the default TE, Trusted Execution. Note: if you are installing AIX4 or AIX5

the steps are nearly identical - the options for step 3 are different. I used to recommend installing TCB for AIX4

and AIX5 - but that prevents a clean migration from AIX5 to AIX6 and higher (neither TE nor efs (encrypted

file systems) will install. I have also had problems with the new pconsole on migrations from AIX 5.2 and AIX 5.3.

For AIX6 and higher I highly recommend a "New and Overwrite" install - see above please.

Use option 0 now (Continue to more software options)


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nstall Options

Normally you will leave all these options at yes.

Option 1. Graphics Software. X11 applications can run in client mode. This does not, by default, enable an

X11 server. Unless security policy specifically prohibits it, leave this option at yes.

Option 2. System Management Client Software. Highly recommended to leave this at yes for ease of remote

management of this system.

Option 3. AIX6 and higher is 64-bit kernel. JFS2 is optimized for an 64 bit-kernel. The is really no reason

not to use JFS2. Leave this at yes. You will need to reinstall AIX to get it into JFS2 if you do not.

Option 4. Enable System Backups to install to any system. This is an aid to system cloning. Leaving it to yes means

AIX installs many more filesets (nearly 500) and the install time takes longer. Sooner or later

all the filesets will be installed. Why, how and/or when you ask? When you update AIX to a (new) technology level

one of the side-effects is that all device drivers get installed. This is to prevent a mixture of device

drivers coming from different TL and or service-pack combinations. The recommendation is to leave it at yes.

Press Enter please (option 5 pre-selected)


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Install More Software

These options are all no by default.

Option 1: Firefox. If you want to work with Firefox on AIX change this to yes. The install process will prompt

you for the correct DVDs at the appropriate time to install Firefox. You can also do this later

using the smitty easy_install option to install the Firefox bundle.

Option 2: Not many people need Kerberos. If you do - switch to yes and the installation procedure prompts you

at the correct moment for the expansion DVD. What expansion DVD you ask? Then leave this at no. Again,

smitty easy_install will install the kerberos bundle later.

Option 3: Server. Back in the CDROM days you would install extra software from the second CDROM. It all fits

on one DVD now so you want get prompted for Volume 2 anymore. Why this option then? Think of it as the

opposite of "Secure by Default". This options installs the optional server filesets.

Take note: the next default action is to start installation. Press Enter!


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Installation Summary

IBM would not be IBM (I guess) if it did not provide a summary screen (rather than a simple "Are you sure Y/N".

This screen summarizes what you have chosen. Default (option 1) is to really start installation, but you can

go back to the main installation menu (option 99) and make any changes you desire.


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Installing Base Operating System

Once you see a screen like this, AIX installation has really started. A lot of information will scroll over the screen, but basically, you are done.

Installing AIX from a DVD takes from 30 to 60 minutes - depending largely on the speed of the disks being written to. But then I test on

systems that are 5+ years old. When I am on new hardware (at customers) installs take about 20 minutes.

When the installation is finished AIX reboots and configuration begins - but that is another story!


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