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NU. 400

INTEF:-OFFlCE CORF:ESPONDENC

DATE : S : ; p t c r r z b e r 2 1 , 1 9 7 0 COPIES TO :

To: S A. Angotti R . L . Fisher K. W K i r b y M. SenkusW. C . Black P. E . G


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MI NUTESPENSWEET TASK FORCE MEETINGCedar Rapids, Sept . 10, 1970

P r e s e n t :

R . E . B r o u i l l a r d

K . W K i r b yC . G . P h e i IC . M SawyerO . H . Tou seyC.M W i i d m e rD . O. Tackaberry (part time)

R . L . F i s h e r w i I I r e p l a c e L . K . Holmes

( . Competitive Ac tivity

No new information has been developed on the rum ors that Clinton is plan-

ning a West Coast facility fo r Isomerose .

Clinton is reported to be selling Isomerose 100 at 30-44/cwt . o v e r I n v e r t -

syrup on the West Coast .

Clinton will no t replace the two dryers lost in their recent explosion, becau,e

the starch c apacity invo lved will be diverted to Iso merose .

There is no evidence that Union or CPC is sampling the trade with g luc ose-

f r u c t o s e p r o d u c t s a t t h i s t i m e .

A sugar company has introduced a 90% invert on the West Coast in co mpetiti'on

to Isom erose 100 .

There are no further developments on the American Sugar East Coast promo tion

of invert in co mpetition to Isom erose 100 .

It was Indicated that investment in the Staley Penn sylvania plant wou ld be appre-

c i a b l y g r e a t e r t h a n o r i g i n a l l y p r o j e c t e d .

1 1 . Review of Glu co se Isomerase Production at Dawe's

A. E v a l u a t i o n o f F a c i l i t i e sD r . K i r b y a n d M r . W i d m e r v i s i t e d t h e D a w e ' s H a r b o r B e a c h , M i c h i G a n

f a c i l i t y . T h e i r r e p o r t i s a t t a c h e d .


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The Task Force agreed with the conclusion that for short term Pensweet

operation we should continue our relation ship with Dawe's and that in-

house enzyme manufacture should be considered only after the enzyme

b inding studies are completed and our long-term requirements can b e

more clearly defined .

B . Pi lot and Scale-up Performance

P i l o t a c t i v i t y i s c o n s i d e r e d t o b e s u c c e s s f u l . Four batches have been

made with the last two excellent in terms of yield, activity, and

o p o r a t i n g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . D r . P h e i I a n d M r . Hayes participated in

t h e s e r u n s .

Scale-up, to 1800 gallons will star t the week of September 14 . Barring

a n y u n f o r e s e e n d i f f i c u l t i e s , a s u p p l y o f g l u c o s e - i s o m e r a s e w i I I b e

available for Cedar Rapids Pensweet operatio ns by October 1 .

C . Enzyme Handling and T r a n s p o r t a t i o nYI t i s p l a n n e d t o f r e e z e t h e e n z y m e c e l l s w i t h d r y i c e , t r a n s p o r t b y r e f r i g e r a

truck, and hold in a commercial freez er locker in Cedar Rapids .

I l l . Review of Winston-Salem Activity

Winston-Salem Pensweet activity has been budgeted for over $600,000 in 1971 .

A c t i v i t y o n w h o l e c e l l i s o m e r i z a t i o n i n d i c a t e s t h a t t h e r e i s a s u b s t a n t i a l d i f f o r e n c e

in the rate of isomerization based on the source of the high D . E . syrup used . Indi-

cations have b een found that the isomaitose and maltotriose content of the sy rup

may be a significant factor in performanc e . I n o r d e r t o r e s o l v e t h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s

and potential interferi ng substances, the attached program for Cedar Rapids action

was developed by Dr . Pheil and Mr. Tackaberry . This will be initiated Immediatel

The work on continuous isomerizations with DEAE-cellulose bound enzyme will be

terminated when the enzyme is exhausted in the large columns . T h e r e - u s e f i a c t o r s ,

the degradation of the cellulose during rough handling, and the reb inding chiirac-

t e r i s t i c s o f t h e c e l l u l o s e w i l l b e d e t e r m i n e d . These data will be reviewed with

Corporate Development before the use of this support is elimi nated from the process

R e s u l t s t o d a t e o n e n z y m e i n s o l u b i l i z a t i o n o n v a r i o u s r e s i n s i n d i c a t e t h a t o n l y

IRA-904 holds promise . B a t c h v a r i a t i o n d o e s n o t s e e m t o p r e s e n t d i f f i c u l t i e s .

Extent of indicated enzyme re-use appears to be In the practical rang e . Studies

now under way are designed to determine feasibility of resin regeneration and re-

u s e . Preliminary microscopic investiga tion does not indicate crazing or cracking

o f t h e r e s i n s t r u c t u r e .


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Investigation of the lysing procedure which must precede enzyme insolubiliza . -

t i o n c o n t i n u e s . Various mold cultures are being studied to weaken the cell

s t r u c t u r e . The use of a Premier Colloid Mill to free enzyme from lysozyme

treated cells does not appear promising . A Manton Gaulin mill will be tried .

Published work by Professor Barker on enzyme insolubilization does not appear

promising, because the chemical coupling techniqu es used would indicate very

h i g h c o s t s .

IV . Monsanto Activity

It was reported that Monsanto is currently active on an extensive progra m on

enzyme insolubilization and that they are actively seeking a source of glucose

Isomerase . The Task Force directed Dr . B r o u i l l a r d t o i n v e s t i g a t e t h e t e r m s a n d

conditions under which a cooperative program might be undertaken .

Once the terms and conditions of a cooperative program are decided, the tech-

nical personnel should discuss the degree of enzyme purity required for binding

and the potentia l levels of enxyme t hat cou l d be boundJn t he system. These dataare required before the potential of their system could be economically evaluated .

V. Cedar Rapids Pensweet Pilot OperationP e n s w e e t p i l o t ' o p e r a t i o n s f r o m w h o l e c e l I s p r o d u c e d a t D a w e ' s , i s s c h e d u l e d f o r

~ e a r l y ~ O c t o b e r .

VI . Projected Use of Total Sugar Syrup Capacity~ - .

Work on refinement of the 95 D . E . s y r u p p r o c e s s h a s r e s u l t e d I n a l o w e r i n g

of the sludge lev el from 5-6% to 1-2% . This improvement gives a filtration

rate of 25 gallons/min . o r a d a i l y p r o d u c t i o n r a t e o f 9 0 , 0 0 0 l b s . A t t h i s r a t e i ,

it is feasible to allocate 15-20,000,000 lbs ./yr . to Pensweet based on pro-

jected sales of 5-7,000,000 lbs . of Celutab .

An important residual problem in syrup production lies In the variable time

required to achieve 95+ D . E .'s . This has varied from,24 to 80 hours . W i t h

the longer time cycles, there is a severe limitation on productive capacity,

particularl y when use of the Total Sugar Syrup equipment for Pensweet will

necessarily involve an extension of the cycle for isomerization . Studies have

been under way for some time in attempts to resolve this problem . These will

be continued with particular emphasis on possible line starch contamination

with "Run Around" starch .

Pensweet operations In present Total Sugar Syrup equipment Is projected to

involve the following steps :


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A. Starch to 95 D . E . SyrupB . Possible clarifi cation with do Laval centrifugeC. Isomc : r i z a t i o n ( w h o l e c e l l )D . Filtration

E . Carbon treatment

F . Ion exchangeG. Concen tration

As presen tly visualiz ed, automatic pH control will be required . This will

involve on investment estimated to be $25,000 . A few new treatment tanks rnay

also be necessary .

V I I . Transfer of 2perations to Cedar Rapids

D r s . Kirby and Pheil have made a preliminary survey of p ersonnel, equipment,

and space requiremen t necessary for transfer of Pens weet operations to Cedar

Rapids . Their reports are attached .

The target date on which the Cedar Rapids operation should be f ully fu nctional

is September, 1971 . A PEP form is bei ng prepared to cover the transfer .

V I I I . NSK In vol v eme nt

The decision has been made to license NSK on the W-S Glu cose Isomerase

and Pen swcet with the proviso that there be a free e xchange of the technical

information develope d . Dr . Brouillard was directed to develop current NSK

w i l l i n g n e s s t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n t h i s p r o g r a m .

IX . Potential Use of Dry Mi I led Corn for Pensweet Production

Brewery by-product stocks of high oil, d ry milled corn are being obtained

through Miag-Minneapoiis . This product wi II be ev aluated by processes

previously developed f or high D . E . s y r u p f r o m d r y m i l l e d c o r n .

Work with BMA on a simplified wet milling process has been initiated, based

on a Cedar Rapids process stream before gluten se paration .

Although this work will not modify plans for the immediate Penswee t operations,

it has great signif icance in long - term economic considerations .

REB :mh

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