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International Atomic Energy Agency
““The Future of Nuclear Power”The Future of Nuclear Power”A Study by the Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyA Study by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
10 February 200410 February 2004
Ken E. Brockman
International Atomic Energy Agency
Thelma Higgins
Nuclear Energy Institute
Eric Proust
CEA, France
2 International Atomic Energy Agency
3 International Atomic Energy Agency
2000
Source: IIASA
4 International Atomic Energy Agency
World primary energy supply by fuel, 2000World primary energy supply by fuel, 2000(in percentage)(in percentage)
5 International Atomic Energy Agency
2070
Source: IIASA
6 International Atomic Energy Agency
Global Primary Energy Supply, 1970-2030Global Primary Energy Supply, 1970-2030
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
EJ
Coal Oil Natural Gas Nuclear Hydro Renewables Biomass
Source: Adapted from IEA, 2002
History
Projection
7 International Atomic Energy Agency
Four Areas of FindingsFour Areas of Findings
• Cost
• Safety
• Waste
• Proliferation
8 International Atomic Energy Agency
Nuclear Power Plant EconomicsNuclear Power Plant Economics
• Long Term Cost Recovery
• High Capital Investment
• Lower Operating Costs
• Decommissioning and Waste Processing
• Carbon Incentives
9 International Atomic Energy Agency
Nuclear SafetyNuclear Safety“An Accident Anywhere is an Accident Everywhere” “An Accident Anywhere is an Accident Everywhere”
- Hans Blix- Hans Blix
• Reactor Safety• Design
• Operating
• Training and Qualification of Staff
• Physical Security and Terrorism
• Nuclear Fuel Cycle
10 International Atomic Energy Agency
Spent Fuel / High Level Waste ManagementSpent Fuel / High Level Waste Management
• Long Term Waste Repositories
• Geologic
• Alternatives
• Once Through Fuel Cycle
• Closed Fuel Cycle
11 International Atomic Energy Agency
Open Ended (Once Through) Fuel CycleOpen Ended (Once Through) Fuel Cycle
12 International Atomic Energy Agency
Closed Fuel CycleClosed Fuel Cycle(Plutonium Recycling)(Plutonium Recycling)
13 International Atomic Energy Agency
Closed Fuel CycleClosed Fuel Cycle(Full Actinide Recycling)(Full Actinide Recycling)
14 International Atomic Energy Agency
Non - ProliferationNon - Proliferation
• Special Nuclear Materials Considerations
• Aftermath of 9-11
• The Nuclear
Wal-Mart
15 International Atomic Energy Agency
IAEA: From Atoms for Peace to IAEA: From Atoms for Peace to Atoms for ProsperityAtoms for Prosperity
