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International Regulations to improve Maritime safety to avoid oil spills. 29 August 2011 Dr Anita Mäkinen Finnish Transport Safety Agency. Increasing international shipping. At every moment > 2000 vessels trafficking in the Baltic Sea. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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International Regulations to improve Maritime safety
to avoid oil spills
29 August 2011Dr Anita Mäkinen
Finnish Transport Safety Agency
Increasing international shipping
At every moment > 2000 vessels trafficking in the Baltic Sea
Oil shipping in the Gulf of Finland > 150 million tonnes /year
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2009
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•Number of ships,Number of ships crossing AIS fixed lines in the Baltic Sea according to the type of the vessels, 2009.
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Shipping is international activity – and also regulated Internationally
National Legislation
IMOInternational Law of the Seas, UNCLOSMARPOL 73/78 ConventionSOLASSTCWOPRC, CLC
EU Directives
Helsinki Convention, 1974/1992
HELCOM Recom-mendations
EU Regulations: Strategy for the BalticSea
Region
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International Maritime Organization (IMO)
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In 1948 an international conference in Geneva adopted a convention formally establishing IMO
The Purposes of IMO to provide machinery for cooperation among
Governments in the field of governmental regulation and practices relating to technical matters of all kinds affecting shipping engaged in international trade
to encourage and facilitate the general adoption of the highest practicable standards in matters concerning maritime safety, efficiency of navigation and prevention and control of marine pollution from ships".
The Organization is also empowered to deal with administrative and legal matters related to these purposes.
IMO Headquartes, Albert Embankment, Lontoo. www.imo.org
source: IMO
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The most important IMO Conventions
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, SOLAS
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ship, MARPOL
International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, STCW
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International Conventions on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Compensation
A. International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation (OPRC)
Parties to the OPRC convention are required to establish measures for dealing with pollution incidents, either nationally or in co-operation with other countries.
Ships are required to carry a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan, the to be developed by IMO. Operators of offshore units under the jurisdiction of Parties are also required to have oil pollution emergency plans or similar arrangements which must be co-ordinated with national systems for responding promptly and effectively to oil pollution incidents.
B. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (CLC)
The Civil Liability Convention was adopted to ensure that adequate compensation is available to persons who suffer oil pollution damage resulting from maritime casualties involving oil-carrying ships.
C. International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FUND)
The 1969 Brussels Conference considered a compromise proposal to establish an international fund, to be subscribed to by the cargo interests, which would be available for the dual purpose of,relieving the shipowner of the burden by the requirements of the new convention and,providing additional compensation to the victims of pollution damage in cases where compensation
under the 1969 Civil Liability Convention was either inadequate or unobtainable.
•
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source: IMO
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DIRECTIVES AND REGULATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
• Directives• Directive 2009/21/EC “Compliance with flag State requirements”• Monitoring Directive 2002/59/EC (the 'VTM Directive) with amending acts• Directive 2011/15/EU
• Regulations• Regulation (EC) No 417/2002 and No 1726/2003 on the phasing
out of single-hull tankers
• The directives and regulations of the European Union supplement the IMO regulations
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Not only Regulations
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• In spite of the numerous Regulations enforced we do have shipping accidents in the Baltic Sea.
•According to HELCOM statistics 105 shipping accidents (10 of oil spill) happened in 2009.
•Thus, operative collaboration such as GOFREP in the Gulf of Finland is needed.
•Furthermore, we do have Helcoms Baltic Sea Action Plan and
•EU´s Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region, which are both good forum for collaboration Baltic wide among all Baltic Sea to enhance Maritime and Environmental Safety.
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THE EU STRATEGY FOR THE BALTIC SEA REGION
A SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT AND OPTIMAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
To make the Baltic Sea Region an
environmental-ly sustainable
place
To make the Baltic Sea Region a
prosperous place
To make the Baltic Sea Region an accessible
and attractive place
To make the Baltic Sea
Region a safe and secure
place
IMPLEMENTATION THROUGH 15 PRIORITY AREAS
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COORDINATION OF PRIORITY AREAS
TOREDUCE NUTRIENTINPUTS
TOPRESERVEBIO-DIVERSITY
HAZARDOUSSUBSTANCES
CLEANSHIPPING
CLIMATECHANGE
INTERNALMARKETHINDRANCES
RESEARCHAND INNOVATION
ENTREPRENEUR-SHIP, SME’S,HUMANRESOURCES
SUSTAINABLEAGRICULTURE,FORESTRY & FISHERIES
ENERGYMARKETS
TRANSPORTLINKS
EDUCATION,TOURISM &HEALTH
MARITIMESAFETY &SECURITY
PROTECTIONFROM MAJOREMERGENCIES
CROSSBORDERCRIME
PL/FI DE SE DK DK
EE SE/PL DK FI y) LV
LT DE x) FI/DK DK FI
x) =DE/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern /NDPHS y) = fisheries coordinated by SE
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Priority area 13: To become a leading region in maritime safety and security (PA13)
Flagship projects:
For example
a) MONALISA – project; lead Swedish Maritime Administration
develops Motorways of the Sea,contains eco‐efficient e‐navigation solutions
b) “Efficient, Safe and Sustainable Traffic at Sea (abbreviated EfficienSea)- project;
Lead Danish Maritime Safety Administration;
• 16 partners from Estonia, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Poland and Sweden
Among the objectives of the EfficienSea project, it is worth highlighting
the work on modelling dynamic risk [which will improve possibilities for traffic surveillance services to distinguish high risk traffic]
• the work on improved data exchange and data content of marine and maritime information;
• the development of a proto type for so-called e-Navigation and the testing of this in the Baltic Sea; aimed at providing more accurate information for navigation while reducing information complexity;
• the work on improving the attractiveness of the maritime sector as a career choice for young people
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IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EU STRATEGY FOR THE BALTIC SEA REGION
•Requires common policies
• Instruments and
•Funding at the EU level
• International actions and cooperations.
•The Strategy is under revision –•it is time to act now!
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