IrelandTreasures &Troubles

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Název školy Gymnázium Zlín - Lesní čtvrť

Číslo projektu CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0484

Název projektu Rozvoj žákovských kompetencí pro 21. století

Název šablony III/2 Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky prostřednictvím ICT

Název DUM Ireland – Treasures &Troubles

Označení DUM VY_32_INOVACE_08_3_16

Autor Mgr. Dagmar Daňková

Datum 27. 05. 2013

Vzdělávací oblast Jazyk a jazyková komunikace

Vzdělávací obor Cizí jazyk

Tematický okruh Anglicky mluvící země

Ročník 1. – 4. ročník gymnázia (úroveň B1+)

Green islandThe island lies like a leaf upon the sea.

Green island like a leaf new-fallen from the tree.

Green turns to gold,

As morning breeze gently shakes the barley

Bending the yellow corn.

No force on Earth

Can ever trap the wind that shakes the barleyOr the sun in the yellow corn.(From the song by Ewan MacColl on his album Naming of Names; also recorded by Christy Moore on his album Smoke and Strong Whiskey)

Lead-in questions

• Why does Ireland appear green and gold?• Is Ireland an urban or a rural country?

• How much do you know about Ireland? Choose some of the topic areas below and report back orally to your class. Use geography books, an atlas or the Internet.

name land features religion

cities population language

The map of the island of Ireland

Two Irelands• Since 1921 the island of Ireland has been divided into

the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.• The Republic of Ireland (Irish: Poblacht na hÉireann) or

simply Ireland (Irish: Éire, pronounced [ˈeːɾʲə]) is a sovereign state.

• Northern Ireland is a part of the United Kingdom. Sometimes it is wrongly referred to as “Ulster“. Ulster is a province, loosely corresponding to the ancient kingdom of Ulster. It has nine counties, six of which form Northern Ireland.

The national flag of Ireland

• The green stands for the Catholic, the orange for the Protestant and the white for peace between the two groups.

Saint Patrick's Cross

• Saint Patrick's Cross is a red saltire (X-shaped cross) on a white field.

• In 1801, the saltire was added to the British flag to form the Union Flag (“Union Jack“) still used by the United Kingdom.

• The saltire has occasionally served unofficially to represent Northern Ireland.

The Highlights of Irish History

• In 432 St Patrick arrived in Ireland to convert the kings.

• Ireland became known as an “Island of Saints and Scholars“.

• Irish missionaries were a beacon for the rest of Europe, which languished in “dark ages“.

The Book of Kells

• The Book of Kells (Dublin, Trinity College Library) is an illuminated manuscript Gospel book in Latin, containing the four Gospels of the New Testament.

• It was created by Celtic monks ca. 800 or slightly earlier.

• It is a masterwork of Western calligraphy and represents the pinnacle of Insular illumination.

• It is widely regarded as Ireland's finest national treasure.

High Cross

• A standing cross made of stone and covered with panels of sculpture depicting scenes of the Bible.

• Irish high crosses are internationally recognized icons of early medieval Ireland.

• Most Irish High Crosses have the distinctive shape of the ringed Celtic Cross.

The English dominance

• In 1541 King Henry VIII declared himself king of Ireland.

• Protestant settlers started to colonise the country.

• In 1649 Oliver Cromwell landed in Ireland and in the following two years one quarter of the Catholic population of Ireland were massacred or transported to the new English colonies in America.

The Battle of the Boyne (Jan Wyck, 1693)

• William of Orange triumphed over the Catholic armies of King James II at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.

• Laws were made to deprive Catholics of any rights.

• They were forbidden from having churches or schools or holding land.

The Acts of Union (1800-1801)

• The Acts of Union united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

• The Irish parliament was abolished.• The flag, created as a consequence of the union of the Kingdom of Great

Britain and Ireland in 1800, still remains the flag of the United Kingdom. Called the Union Flag or Union Jack, it combined the flags of England (which included Wales) and Scotland with a "St Patrick's Cross" to represent Ireland.

• For centuries the Irish resisted and rebelled against the oppressive English occupation.

The Potato Famine and Emigration

• The Potato Famine Memorial by Rowan Gillespie depicts people walking painfully towards the emigration ships on the Custom House Quays in Dublin.

In the 19th century two thirds of the people depended on agriculture and potatoes formed their staple diet.

For seven years in a row (1845-1851) all the potato crops were destroyed by the blight, which decimated the Irish population.

About one million people died and many more had to emigrate to America or other English colonies.

As a consequence of this mass migration there are large Irish communities all over the world today.

Easter Rising 1916

• On Easter Monday, 24th April 1916, a force of Irishmen under arms attempted to seize Dublin and create independent Irish republic.

• The revolt, which became known as the Easter Rising, was repressed by the British and the leaders were shot.

• “You cannot conquer Ireland. You cannot extinguish the Irish passion for freedom. If our deed has not been sufficient to win freedom, then our children will win it by a better deed.“ (Patrick Henry Pears, at his court-martial, 2nd May 1916; executed along with his brother Willie)

• Their martyrdom energised the Irish, and guerrilla warfare eventually succeeded in pushing the British out.

• “We declare the right of the people of Ireland to the ownership of Ireland, to the unfettered control of Irish destinies, to be sovereign and indefeasible.“

(Proclamation of Republic of Ireland, 24th April 1916)

Independence and the Republic

• In 1921 the Irish Free State was founded, but six counties in Ulster, where the majority of the people were Protestant, remained in the United Kingdom.

• The Irish constitution was adopted in 1937.

• In 1949 the Irish Free State declared itself the Republic of Ireland.

Discussion

“We have just enough religion to make us hate, but not enough religion to make us love one another.“

Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)

•Read the quotation.

•Do you think it still applies to today´s world? Why? Give examples.

The Troubles

• Tensions between the Protestant majority and the Catholic minority often caused clashes of violence and riots (known as “the troubles“) in Northern Ireland, where the Protestant majority enjoyed better housing, education and jobs.

Free Derry Corner

• The sign is a reminder of the Battle of the Bogside (1969) which was the first major confrontation in the conflict between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland.

• Since the 1970s Northern Ireland´s murals have portrayed the country´s past and present conflicts and hopes.

Devolution and Reconciliation

• After years of patient work the two communities in Northern Ireland came to an agreement in 1998 (Good Friday Agreement).

• On 2nd December 1999 Great Britain devolved its power to the first government of Northern Ireland made up of both Protestant and Catholic ministers.

• After having been suspended in 2002, devolved power was restored to the assembly on 8th May 2007 following a historical power-sharing agreement between Sinn Fein (Irish Republicans - Catholics) and DUP (Democratic Unionist Party – Protestants).

Maurice Harron, Hands across the divide, 1992

• This is a welcoming feature as you approach Derry´s city centre. The bronze statues stand on separate columns with outstretched hands depicting a theme of reconciliation.

Test yourself. Say who or what these sentences refer to.

• They translated the old Irish literature into Latin.

• The monks.

• In 1541 he declared himself king of Ireland.

• King Henry VIII.

• He won the Battle of the Boyne.

• William of Orange.

• It decimated the Irish population from 1845 to 1851.

• The potato famine.

• It became known as the Easter Rising.

• The revolt by the Irish in 1916.

• It was adopted in 1937.

• The Irish constitution.

• The two parties that agreed to share political power in 2007.

• Sinn Fein and the DUP.

Homework (Writing)

• You are spending one month in Ireland (either the Republic of Ireland or Northern Ireland) as part of an exchange program.

• Write an email to a friend telling him or her what you do and what you have learned about the country´s history, culture and people.

• You should write about 180 – 220 words.

Zdroje textů

• INVERNIZZI, Daniela a Adriana REDAELLI. Eyewitness: Culture in a changing world. Harlow: Pearson Education, 2011. ISBN 88-833-9080-6.

• MOODY, Theodore a Francis MARTIN. Dějiny Irska. 3. vyd. Překlad Milena Pellarová, Miloslav Korbelík. Praha: NLN, Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, 2012, 499 s. Dějiny států (Nakladatelství Lidové noviny). ISBN 978-807-4221-798.

Zdroje obrázků• File: Battle of Boyne. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation, 2001- [cit.

2013-05-24]. Dostupné z: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BattleOfBoyne.gif• File: Book of Kells. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation, 2001- [cit.

2013-05-24]. Dostupné z: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:KellsFol027v4Evang.jpg• File: Derry mural. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation, 2001- [cit. 2013-

05-24]. Dostupné z: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Derry_mural.jpg• File: Easter Proclamation. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation, 2001-

[cit. 2013-05-24]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Easter_Proclamation_of_1916.png• File: Ei Map. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation, 2001- [cit. 2013-05-

24]. Dostupné z: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ei-map.svg• File: Famine Memorial in Dublin. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation,

2001- [cit. 2013-05-24]. Dostupné z: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Famine_memorial_dublin.jpg• File: Flag of Ireland. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation, 2001- [cit.

2013-05-24]. Dostupné z: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ireland.svg• File: Flag of the United Kingdom. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation,

2001- [cit. 2013-03-27]. Dostupné z: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg• File: Hands across the divide. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation,

2001- [cit. 2013-05-24]. Dostupné z: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hands_Across_the_Divide_-_geograph.org.uk_-_478600.jpg

• File:Mainistir Bhuithe cross Muiredach. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation, 2001- [cit. 2013-05-24]. Dostupné z: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mainistir_Bhuithe_cross_Muiredach.jpg

• File: Saint Patrick saltire. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. San Francisco (CA): Wikimedia Foundation, 2001- [cit. 2013-03-27]. Dostupné z: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saint_Patrick_saltire.png?uselang=cs