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IS 3416 (1988): Method for quantitative chemical analysisof mixtures of polyester fibres with cotton or regeneratedcellulose [TXD 5: Chemical Methods of Test]

IS 3418 : 1988

Indian Standard

METHOD FOR QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OFBINARY MIXTURES OF POLYESTER FIBRE WITH COTTON

OR REGENERATED CELLULOSE

( Second Revision)

FIISt Reprint JULY1992

UDC 677-489'494.674'461/.463'21:677.014.6

DESCRIPTORS: TEXTILES. BINARY MIXTURES. POLYESTER FIBRES WITHCOTTON OR REGENERATED CELLULOSE. CHEMICAL TESTS.QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS.

© BIS 1989

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN. 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

February 1989 PriceGroap'2

Chemical Methods of Test Sectional Committee. mc 5

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (Second Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on 30 September1988, after the draft finalized by the Chemical Methods of Test Sectional Committee had been approved by .the Textile Division Council.

This standard was published in 1966 and first revised in 1982. It-has again been revised to incorporatecalculations of percentage ofinsoluble component on the basis of clean dry mass with percentage additionsfor moisture and non-fibrous matter. Further, the test method has been modified on the recommendationsof Textiles Committee, Bombay for more,precise results.

The use of different fibre blends in textiles has necessitated the formulation of standard methods for identi­fication and quantitative estimation of respective fibres. The quantitative analysis of textile fibres inmixtures is of considerable importance to the textile technologists, traders and consumers.

While preparing this standard, considerable 'assistance has been derived from ISO 1833: 1977 'Textiles ­Binary fibremixtures - Quantitative chemical analysis', issued by the International Organization for Standar­dization ( ISO ).

In revising this standard, due weightage has been given to the test method developed by the Central TestingLaboratory of Textiles Committee, Bombay, based on extensive experiments carried out by them.

In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value, observedor calculated, is to be rounded off, it shalJ be done in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 'Rules for roundingoff numerical values ( revised )'.

IS 3416 : 1988

Indian Standard

METHOD FOR QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OFBINARY MIXTURES OF POLYESTER FIBRE WITH COTION

OR REGENERATED CELLULOSE

( Second Revision)

3 PRINCIPLE

IS No.

IS 1070: 1977

1 SCOPE

1.1 This standard prescribes a method for quanti­tative chemical analysis of binary mixtures ofpolyester fibres and cotton or regenerated cellulosefibre in any form, such as fibre, yarn or fabric.

N OTE - Before condu ct ing a n analysis accord ing tothis sta nda rd the fibres pr esent in the mi xture sho uldbe identified' Cu e IS 667 : 1981 Methods for ident ifica­t ion of te xtile fibres-( first rt'vis io l1 )J and the sa mple tobe analyzed shou ld he free from all non-fibrous ma tter(see IS 9068 : 1979 Re commended meth od s f~r theremoval of non-fibr ous mailer pr ior to qu anlllatl\:eanalysis of fibre mixtures) . Dye in the dyed fib.res ISco nsidered to be a n integral part of the fibre and IS not10 be removed.

2 REFERENCES

2.1 The following Jndian Standards are necessaryadjunct to this standard.

Title

Specification for water for generallaboratory use (second revision)

IS 9068 : 1979 Recommended methods for theremoval of non-fibrous matterprior to quantitative analysis offibre mixtures.

3.1 A sample of the mixture is dried and weighed.The cotton. or regenerated cellulose fibres are dis­solved in 75 percent ( m lm ) SUlphuric acid solution.The residue of polyester fibres is collected , washeddried and weighed. From the mass of the residue ofpolyester and the dry mass of ~he sample . ~hc pr<?­portion of polyester fibres 10 the specimen IS

calculated. The percentage of cellulose fibre is foundby difference.

4 SAMPLING

4.1 Lot

The quantity of textile material of one definitetype and quality delivered to a buyer against onedespatch-note shall constitute a lot.

4.1.1 If the text ile material is fibre or yarn and thelot consists of more than 200 kg of fibre or yarn , itshall be divided into .sub-lots. each weighing 200 kgor less.

1

4.1.2 Each sub-I~t shall be tested separately.

4.2 Sampling for Fibre and Yarn

From a sub-lot, 15 increments. each weighingapproximately 10 g, shall be taken from differentparts and mixed thoroughly. This shall constitute atest sample.

4.3 Sampling for Fabrics

4.3.1 The number of pieces to be selected shall be inaccordance . with Table I . The pieces thus selectedshall constitute a gross sample.

Table 1 Sample Size

( Clause 4.3.1 )

Lot Size Sample Size( Number of pieces) ( Number of pieces)

- -

Up to 100 3

101 to 300 4

301 to 500 5

501 and above 7

4.3.2 From each.piece in the gross sample selectedas in 4.3.1, cut out small portions from at least twodifferent parts weighing about 25 g. The parts selec­ted shall represent the gross sample as far as pos­sible. In the case ~of fabrics with a definite repetitionin weave pattern, the parts selected shall include allyarns in the complete repeat. Dissect small portionsof the fabric thus collected into yarn, and mix themthoroughly.

5 APPARATUS

5.1 Sintered Glass Crucible

It shall be of appropriate capacity with a poresize of 90 to 150 microns ( porosity I ) and fittedwith ground glass stopper. If the stopper is not avai­lable, the crucible should be enclosed iii weighingbottle for weighing.

IS 3416 : 1988

5.2 Veatilated Olea

It shall be capable of maintaining a temperature of105 ± 3°C.

5.3 Aaalytical Balaaee

The balance shall be capable of weighing to anaccuracy of 0'000 2 g.

5.4 Comeal Flask

It shall be of 250 ml capacity and fitted with groundglass stopper.

5.5 Filter Flask

It shall be provided with connection to filter pumpand adaptor to enable the crucible (5.1) to befitted to it.

5.6 Desiccator

It shall contain self-ind icating silica gel or anhydrouscalcium chloride.

5.7 Mecbaaical Shaker

6 REAGENTS

6.1 Quality of Reagents

Unless specified otherwise. pure chemicals shall beemployed in tests and distilled water (see IS 1070 :1971) shall be used where the use of water as areagent is intended.

~OTE - 'Pure chemicals' shall mean chernicats thatdo not cont ain irnpurit is which affect th e test results.

6.2 Sulphuric Acid Solutioa

Reagent grade, 75 percent (mjm), specific gravity1'67 at 2TC.

6.3 Ammonia ( Dilute Solutioa )

Prepared by adding 80 ml concentrated ammonia( spccilic gravity 0'89 ) and making up to one litrewith water.

7 PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMENS

7.1 From the sample ( 4.2 or 4.3), after removingsize and finishes as recommended in IS 9068: 1979draw a representative sample weighir.g about 2 t~3g. Cut the yarn into pieces and dissect the clothinto yarn pieces of about 10 mm length.

8 PROCEDURE

8.1 Take a test specimen weighing about Ig fromthe pretreated sample ( see 7.1 ). Dry the spec imenkept in a weighing bottle in the drying OVen at 105± 3'C to constant mass and obtain the oven drymass of the specimen.

~OTE - The mass shall be taken as constant if the~Ifference belwe.cn a ny two success ive weighings at anInterval of 20 rrunures does not exceed 0'1 percent .

8.2 Treat the weighed out sample taken in a conicalflask with 100 ml of 75 percent sulphuric acidsolution per gram of the specimen a t room tempera­ture. Stopper the flask and shake it carefully to wetout the specimen completely. Maintain the flask atroom temperature for 30 minutes to dissolveregenerated cellulose or cotton with intermittentstirring. Filter the contents of the flask through'atared sintered glass crucible by suction. Transferany residual fibre s from the flask with little sulphuricacid solution into the crucible. Drain the-crucibleby applying suction. Wash th e residue -on thecrucible once more with the aci.d solut ion. Thenwash the residue with distilled water "thoroughly.Then wash the residue tw ice with dilute ammoniasolution and finally wash the residue with waterthoroughly. After each washing, drain the cruciblewith the aid of suction. Dry the crucible and theres idue to a constant mas s in an oven at 105 ± 3°C,cool in a desiccator and weigh them.

8.3 Similarly carry out the test on the .otherspecimen(s).

9 CALCULATIONS

9.0 Express the mass of insoluble component( polyester) as the percentage of tot al mass of fibrein the mixture. Calculate the result on clean drymass ba sis as in 9.1; or on clean dry mass withpercentage additions for moisture as in 9.2 ; or onclean dry ma ss with percentag e add itions for mois­ture and non-fibrous matter as in 9.3.

9.1 Method Based on Clean Dry Mass

Calculate the percentage, by ma ss, of polyester fibresm each test specimen by th e formula given below:

p = 100 x l1l\ X dnlo

whereP = percentage, by mass . of polyester

fibres in the test specimen on dry­mass basis;

rn1 = dry mass of the residue;

d = correction factor of variation in themass of polyester component in thereagent; and

rno = dry mass of the specimen.

NO fE - The value of d is found 10 be )'00.

9.1.1 Calculate the average of va lues obtainedin 9.1.

9.2 Method Based on Clean Dry Mass witbPercentage Additions for Moisture

Calculate the percentage, by mass, of polyester fibresIII the test sample by the follow ing formula :

100 x P x [ ' 1+--b._1PM = ---:=:--_ 100 ._

P [ 1 + t~-Jt- ( I ~-~-;;{ l·~-- t'~~ ]

2

r :

AMENDMENT NO.1 FEBRUARY 1992TO

IS 3416: 1988 METHOD FOR QUANTITATIVECHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF BINARY MIXTURES OF

POLYESTER FIBRES WITH COTTON ORREGENERATED CELLULOSE

(Secund HevweJII)

( nis IDlcndmcll1 is being issued 10 remove any ambiguily regarding values ofCOIIUlIelCial moisture regain of different fibres 10 be taken imo ccnsideration II

lIIc lime of calculating lbe test resuus .)

( Pag~ 3, clause '.2, NOle 1 ) - Substitute lhe following for the exislingNoIc:

··For IIlc purpose of cak"bliUQS Ibe commercial moiSlllrc rel:~iQ v~lllQ (01 nriullS fibres as1pIlcific4 iQ IS 13157 : IOWI "Texules (,bra. - COlDmerci..J moislllre rel:~iQS - Specilulloo'iWJ be IISCd. ..

(TXD5)

kcprua;r..phy Uail. BlS. NewDelhi. IlI&Iw

IS 3416 : 1988

NOTES

a, = percentage addition for moisture to thesoluble component,

aj = percentage addition for moisture to theinsoluble component,

hi = percentage addition for non-fibrous matterto the soluble component, and

b2 = percentage addition for non-fibrous matterto the insoluble component.

NOTE - The percentage additions (or non-fibrousmatter may be as agreed to between the buyer and theseller.

where

P = percentage of clean dry insoluble compo­nent,

9.4 Find out the percentage of second component ineach method given is 9.1 or 9.2 or 9.3 by difference.

10 REPORT

10.1 The report shall include the following infor­mation:

a) Type of material,

b) Percentage of component fibres in the mix­ture ( individual and average ),

c) Method of calculation used (see 9.1. 9.2and 9.3 ), and

d) Number of specimens tested.

1 The following values for standard moisture regain ofvarious fibres may be considered:

Fibre Standard MoistureRegain ( Percent)

8'50"4

wherePM = Percentage, by mass, of clean poly­

ester fibres in the test sample on dry­mass basis plus percentage additionfor moisture;

P = percentage of clean dry polyestercomponen t ( see 9.1 );

a = percentage addition for moisture tothe soluble component; and

b = percentage addition for moisture tothe insoluble componet.

CottonPolyesterViscose rayon( Regenerated cellulose) 13'0

2 The standard moisture regain values are generallyaccepted as the commercial moisture regain values inthe trade.

9.3 'Method Based on Clean Dry Mass . withPercentage Additions for Moisture and Non-FibrousMatterCalculate the percentage ( PA ) of clean insolublecomponent in the mixture with percentage additionsfor moisture and non-fibrous matter by the followingformula ( see also Notes I and 2 under 9.2 ) :

looxPx [ 1+ a2;;2~J

PA

=PX[I+~=+bJ J-+(loo-P)[ 1+ at+b, ]100 . . 100

3

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Doc : No. TDC 5 ( 2442)

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue

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