Slide 1

Jason A. Coffin, CFEI, CVFIOCIFire.com Marcus O. Durham, PhD, PEThewayCorp.com Robert A. Durham, PhD, PEThewayCorp.com

Slide 2

House Damage was it caused by ? Tornado Wind Water Age Maintenance When evaluating loss Must make that determination

Slide 3

Look at a series of photos What are key elements to determine cause of damage

Slide 4

Brick Joints Highly susceptible To damage by tornado To shifting foundation

Slide 5

Collateral Damage Water can infiltrate damaged structure Create ideal environment for mold growth Must determine if mold existed before

Slide 6

Typical Damage around Windows Wind energy trying to escape Generally pushes window out Due to how windows mounted

Slide 7

Drywall damage between floor 1 & 2 On first floor Opposite side from wind attack Wind venter through soffit

Slide 8

Drywall Damage Roof structure lifted Separate from foundation

Slide 9

Structure Damage Corner removed by winds

Slide 10

Roof Structure Damage Roof, interior walls, sheetrock Removed from portion of house

Slide 11

Garage Door First item removed Large area, no structural strength Straight winds t hen penetrate structure

Slide 12

Garage Door Opposite Side Force of wind Physically rip brick & ties from house

Slide 13

Crack in Wall Not just in mortar joints Bricks break due to wall movement Contrast with foundation settling

Slide 14

Movement from Foundation Separate from first course of brick House picked up and set back down Barbed wire between courses

Slide 15

Electrical Wire Retainer Far portion held up by electrical wiring to electrical panel Pulled all wiring in structure Necessitated rewire of house

Slide 16

More Drywall Cracks Caused by tornado Or was it previous foundation problems?

Slide 17

Flying Debris Inside Not all damage by stuff breaking Rain water, mud, projectiles

Slide 18

Catastrophic failure takes more than one element Garage door removed Exterior wall shifted Joist lost perch & roof structure failed Dominos ?

Slide 19

Another Forced Event

Slide 20

Partial Underground Not immune to severe structural damage Required demolition

Slide 21

Impact from Debris Interior wall Flying from neighbors debris

Slide 22

Basement Structural Wall Force sandwiched mortar Compromised structure Severe water penetration

Slide 23

Between Floor Joists Located underground Force twisted joists Separated nails

Slide 24

Only House in Area w/ Any Damage Missing portion of roof Suspect poor framing on connection to main structure

Slide 25

Damage besides structural Only roof heavily damaged Water intrusion required new sheetrock, insulation, HVAC, electrical

Slide 26

Roof Structure Lifted All soffit trim failed to meet Sign of probable framing damage

Slide 27

Repairable Typical repairable structure

Slide 28

Pulled out Nails in Attic Result in caving in of roof structure

Slide 29

Not All Damage Is Tornado Previous tuck point repair on structure Pay for tornado damage repairs not previous problems.

Slide 30

Not All Damage Is Tornado Previous repair attempt on drywall

Slide 31

Damage Interior Only Outside walls undamaged

Slide 32

Roof Structure Damage Split roof support Pull nails most common type of repairable damage

Slide 33

Unpredictable Damaged vehicle Damaged house in foreground Undamaged house in distance

Slide 34

Recap Tornado damage unpredictable Collateral damage is often most expense Water roof leak Water foundation leak Not all damage is due to tornado

Slide 35

Questions?