JESD625B

JEDEC STANDARD

Requirements for Handling Electrostatic-Discharge-Sensitive (ESDS) Devices JESD625B (Revision of JESD625A, December 1999) JANUARY 2012 JEDEC SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION

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JEDEC Standard No. 625B

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REQUIREMENTS FOR HANDLING ELECTROSTATIC-DISCHARGE-SENSITIVE (ESDS) DEVICES

CONTENTS PageForeword iii 1 Scope 11.1 Applicable users 11.2 Applicable part types 11.3 Personnel Safety 1 2 Technical references 2 3 Terms and definitions 3 4 Inspection, measuring and test equipment 54.1 Recommended inspection, measuring and test equipment types 5 5 Facilities for ESD protected areas and workstations 55.1 Minimum requirements 55.2 Recommended compliance verification baseline 85.3 ESD item check records 95.4 Personnel grounding 95.5 Wrist strap and ESD protective footwear resistance path checks 105.5.1 Wrist strap resistance measurement path 105.5.2 Heel/toe strap and conductive shoe resistance measurement paths 105.5.3 Continuous wrist strap and workstation monitors 105.5.4 ESD protective smocks 105.6 Air ionization deployment 105.7 ESD signs and labels 115.7.1 Sign content and posting 115.7.2 ESD caution labels for packing and shipping 115.7.3 Package ESD caution label content 115.7.4 Commercial device package ESD caution label 125.7.5 Military device package ESD caution label 12

6 Grounding for protection of ESDS devices 126.1 ESD ground 126.1.1 Equipment and auxiliary ESD grounds 126.1.2 Equipment grounding receptacle and conductor 126.2 ESD protected workstation ESD ground 126.3 ESD protected worksurfaces 136.4 ESD protective flooring/mats 136.5 ESD ground connections 136.6 Ground wire mechanical considerations 136.7 Storage areas 136.8 Mobile ESD protected workstation 13


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CONTENTS (continued) Page 7 ESD-safe packaging requirements 147.1 ESD device protective packaging requirement 147.2 Packing and filler materials 147.3 Tubes, trays, magazines and carriers 147.4 Individual Finished device carrier materials 147.5 ESDS device shipping and receiving operations 14 8 Compliance verification 148.1 ESD coordinator 148.2 Frequency 148.3 Noncompliance 158.3.1 Noncompliant ESD protected areas and workstations 158.3.2 Mishandled ESDS device 158.3.3 Returning rejected ESDS devices to suppliers 158.4 Records 15 9 ESD handling training 159.1 Training program 159.2 Training records 15 10 Methods for minimizing static charging 1610.1 Antistatic solution 1610.2 Relative humidity control 1610.3 Gloves/finger cots 16 11 Recommended ESD audit checklist 17 Annex A Informational/Reference Documents 19Annex B Differences between JESD625B and JESD625-A 20 Figure 1 - ESD protected workstation 7Figure 2 - Example of ESD protected package caution label 11 Table 1 - Minimum requirements for ESD protected areas , workstations, and tools 6Table 2 - ESD protective item checks 8


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Foreword This standard was prepared to standardize the requirements for a comprehensive Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) control program for handling ESD-Sensitive (ESDS) devices. The requirements within this standard were derived from existing industry standards, specifications, test methods, and input from various industry reviews. The intent of this document is for users to incorporate these minimal requirements into their ESD control program to provide a consistent ESD protection level for their products. This standard replaces JESD625-A and JEDEC Standard No. 42 (formerly JEDEC Publication 108-B, Distributor Requirements for Handling Electrostatic-Discharge Sensitive (ESDS) Devices).

JEDEC Standard No. 625B Page 1


(From JEDEC Board ballot JCB-11-66, formulated under the cognizance of JEDEC JC-14.1 Committee on Reliability Test Methods for Packaged Devices and JEDEC JC-13.) 1 Scope This standard establishes the minimum requirements for Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) control methods and materials used to protect electronic devices that are susceptible to damage or degradation from electrostatic discharge (ESD). The passage of a static charge through an electrostatic-discharge-sensitive (ESDS) device can result in catastrophic failure or performance degradation of the part. Device sensitivity to ESD is determined by test methods for Human-Body Model (ANSI/ESDA-JEDEC JS-001) and Charged-Device Model (JESD22-C101). ESDS devices with HBM or CDM sensitivities of less than 200 volts may need additional protective measures beyond those specified in this standard. 1.1 Applicable users a) Semiconductor Manufacturers - from wafer electrical probe through shipment of finished devices. NOTE The requirements of this standard are not imposed prior to probe. Prior to probe, the manufacturer should take appropriate ESD precautions to minimize damage to devices. b) Semiconductor Processing/Testing Facilities - from receipt through shipment of finished devices NOTE 1 ESDS Device Distributors and Users may use this standard or ANSI/ESD S20.20 NOTE 2 All ESDS devices shall be handled in accordance with this document until they are considered scrap. 1.2 Applicable device types The device types for which these requirements are applicable include, but are not limited to, ESD-sensitive discrete and integrated circuit semiconductors, multi-chip modules, optoelectronic devices, and thin film passive devices. 1.3 Personnel safety The procedures and equipment described in this document may expose personnel to hazardous electrical conditions. Users of this document are responsible for selecting equipment that complies with applicable laws, regulatory codes and both external and internal policy. Users are cautioned that this document cannot replace or supersede any requirements for personnel safety. Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCI) and other safety protection should be considered wherever personnel might come into contact with electrical sources. Electrical hazard reduction practices should be exercised and proper grounding instructions for equipment shall be followed.


2 Technical References Unless otherwise specified, the following documents of the latest issue, revision or amendment, form a part of this standard to the extent specified herein. EIA-471 Symbol and Label for Electrostatic Sensitive Devices (JEDEC, JC-10) ANSI/ESD-S541 Packaging Materials Standards for ESD sensitive Items ANSI/ESD-STM3.1 Standard for Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items -

Ionization ANSI/ESD-S4.1 Standard for Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items -

Worksurfaces - Resistive Characterization ANSI/ESD-S6.1 Standard for Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items -

Grounding - Recommended Practice ANSI/ESD-S7.1 Standard for Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items - Floor

Materials - Resistive Characterization of Materials ANSI/ESD-S8.1 Standard for Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items

Symbols ESD Awareness ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001Human Body Model (HBM) Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Sensitivity

Testing Standard JESD22-C101 Field Induced Charged Device Model Test Method for Electrostatic

Discharge Withstand Threshold for Microelectronic Devices MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage ANSI/ESD S20.20 Development of an Electrostatic Discharge Control Program for Protection

of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive Devices

IEC 61340-5-1 Specification for the Protection of Electronic Devices from Electrostatic

Phenomena - Section 1: General Requirements. ESD TR53-01-06 Compliance Verification of ESD Protective Equipment and Materials ESD Handbooks and User Guides ESD TR 20.20 Technical Report - Development of an Electrostatic Discharge Control

Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive Devices - Handbook

IEC 61340-5-2 Specification for the Protection of Electronic Devices from Electrostatic

Phenomena - Section 2: User Guide.


3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this standard the following definitions apply. air ionizer: A source of charged air molecules (ions). [3.1] antistatic material: Refers to the property of material that inhibits triboelectric charging. [3.2] NOTE A material's antistatic property does not necessarily correlate with its resistivity or resistance. Unlike the dissipative and conductive properties, antistatic is not defined by a measurable resistance range. auxiliary ground: A separate supplemental ground conductor for use other than general equipment grounding. [3.3]

conductive material: A material that has a surface resistance less than 1x104 ohms or a volume resistance less than 1x104 ohms. [3.4] NOTE A conductive material is not necessarily antistatic. electrostatic charge: Electric charge at rest. [3.5] electrostatic discharge (ESD): The transfer of electrostatic charge between bodies or surfaces that are at different electrostatic potentials. [3.6] ESDS device: electrostatic-discharge-sensitive device. [3.7] electrostatic field: Lines of force surrounding an electrically charged object. [3.8] electrostatic discharge shielding: A barrier or enclosure that limits the passage of an ESD current to the stored or contained devices. [3.9] equipment ground: The entire low-impedance path (electrically equivalent to the equipment grounding conductor) from a piece of electrical equipment to a hard-ground electrode (e.g., the third wire (typically green) terminal of a receptacle). [3.10] ESD ground: The point, electrodes, bus bar, metal strips, or other system of conductors that form a path from a statically charged person or object to ground. This ground is one of the following: a) AC Ground, b) Auxiliary Ground, or c) Equipotential bonding system. [3.11] ESD- work area: A defined location with the necessary materials, tools, and equipment capable of reducing static electricity to a level that minimizes damage to ESD susceptible items. [3.12] ESD-protected workstation: A work position with the necessary materials, tools and equipment capable of controlling static electricity to a level that minimizes damage to ESD susceptible items. [3.13]


3 Terms and definitions (contd) ESD-protective packaging: A packaging system that provides electrostatic discharge protection and limits triboelectric charging to levels that do not result in device damage. [3.14] ESD-protective worksurface: A table top or other surface that minimizes damage to ESD-susceptible items. [3.15] ground: (1) A conducting connection, whether intentional or accidental, between an electrical circuit or equipment and the earth or some conducting body that serves in place of earth. (2) The portion of an electrical circuit at zero potential with respect to the earth. (3) A conducting body, such as the earth or the hull of a steel ship, used as a return path for electric currents and as an arbitrary zero reference point. [3.16] groundable point: A designated connection, location, or assembly used on an ESD-protective material or device that is intended to accommodate electrical connection from the device to ESD ground. [3.17] insulative material: A material having a surface or volume resistance equal to or greater than 1 x 1011 ohms. [3.18] static: A short form of electrostatic. [3.19] static dissipative material: A material having a surface resistance between 1 x 104 ohms and 1 x 1011 ohms or a volume resistance between 1 x 104 ohms and 1 x 1011 ohm centimeters. [3.20] NOTE A static-dissipative material is not necessarily antistatic. static electricity: Electrical charge at rest. [3.21] NOTE The electrical charge is due to the transfer of electrons from one body to another. surface resistance: The dc voltage divided by the current passing between two electrodes of specified configuration that contact the same side of an insulative material or item. [3.22] NOTE Surface resistance is expressed in ohms. triboelectric charging: The generation of electrostatic charges when two pieces of material in intimate contact are separated (where at least one is an insulator). [3.23] NOTE Substantial generation of static electricity can be caused by contact and separation of two materials or by rubbing two substances together. unprotected ESDS device: An ESDS device that is not in an ESD protective package. [3.24] volume resistivity (v): The dc voltage per unit thickness, applied across two electrodes in contact with a specimen, divided by the current per unit area passing through the system. [3.25] NOTE Volume resistivity is expressed in ohm centimeters.


4 Inspection, measuring and test equipment 4.1 Recommended inspection, measuring and test equipment types The recommended test equipment types and capabilities are listed below: a) A Go/No-go tester, a meter, an in-line monitor, or equivalent resistance path measuring equipment

shall be capable of measuring the resistance of each connection path (e.g., wrist strap, heel strap or ESD protective footwear) (see 5.5.1 and 5.5.2) within the limits specified in Table 2.

b) When continuous wrist strap or worksurface monitoring equipment is used, it shall alarm (audio

and/or visual) when the monitored item exceeds the limits specified in Table 2 and when there is a broken or missing connection to ground.

c) When continuous e-field monitors are used at the ESD work station it shall alarm (audio and/or

visual) when e-field exceeds the limits specified in Table 2 is detected. ESD static voltage surveys are not required where e-field monitor is used.

d) Electrostatic field meters shall be capable of verifying the presence of electrostatic fields in the work environment. 1) Electrostatic field meters used in ionized air streams shall be constructed (e.g., chopper-

stabilized) to operate in that environment. 2) Items with measured electrical field greater than +/- 1000 volts/in are to be kept at least 30 cm

(12 in) from unprotected ESDS devices. This refers to measurements of made per the manufacturers instructions, typically at one inch.

3) For insulators within 2.5 cm (1.0 inch) of a device the measured electric field shall be less than

+/- 250 volts/in.

e) Meters used to verify ESD ground continuity shall be capable of verifying resistance values less than one ohm.

f) Meters used to measure resistance to ground and resistance point to point shall be capable of

verifying resistance values within the limits specified in Table 2. g) Charged plate monitors shall be capable of measuring the charge neutralization properties of

ionization equipment within the limits specified in Table 2. 5 Facilities for ESD protected areas and workstations 5.1 Minimum requirements The minimum requirements for ESD protected areas and workstations are listed in Table 1 and illustrated in Figure 1.


5 Facilities for ESD protected areas and workstations (contd) 5.1 Minimum requirements (contd)

Table 1 Minimum requirements for ESD protected areas and workstations ITEM MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS

1. ESD Protective Worksurface

The grounded static dissipative protective worksurface shall have a resistance to ground of greater than or equal to 105 ohms and less than 109 ohms . Use of conductive surfaces is not recommended. When used the conductive surface may have a resistance to ground of less than 105 ohms.

2. ESD Protective Flooring or Floor Mats

Grounded flooring or floor mats are required when personnel or mobile ESD protective workstations utilize floor grounding methods.

3. Personnel Grounding Each person handling unprotected ESDS devices shall be grounded using EITHER:

a) Wrist straps that shall: 1) Provide a continuous electrical path from the user to ESD ground. 2) Have an integral resistance at the wrist band end of the grounding wire

that will limit current to less than 0.5 mA through that specific path to ground at the highest power supply voltage that may be encountered.

3) Be worn by operators handling unprotected ESDS devices when seated. b) ESD protective footwear (heel straps, toe straps or shoes) that shall: 1) Provide a continuous electrical path from the user directly to the ESD

protective flooring or floor mat. 2) Be worn on both feet. 3) Limit current through that specific path to ground appropriate for the

highest power supply voltage that may be encountered. NOTE ESD protective footwear shall NOT be relied upon for grounding of seated

personnel. 4. Static Generating

Sources and a) Nonessential and personal items shall not be placed on ESD protective

worksurfaces. (Items which are essential are determined by the process engineer and/or ESD coordinator)

Charged Surfaces b) For insulators within 2.5 cm (1.0 inch) of a device the measured electric field shall be less than +/- 250 volts/in.

c) Operations, equipment or clothing generating electrostatic field greater than 1000 volts/inch within 30cm (12 inches) of unprotected ESDS devices shall be neutralized or reduced to less than 1000 volts/inch.

5. ESD Protective

Smocks (optional) When ESD protective smocks are required, they shall cover all personal garments above the waist except at the neck area.

6. ESD Protected Area ESD protected areas shall be clearly identified at the entrance Equipment Grounding Conductor (G1) per ANSI/ESD S6.1 shall have impedance less than 1.0 ohm

7. Grounding / Bonding (See Figure 1)

Auxiliary Ground (G2) resistance to Equipment Grounding Conductor shall be less than 25 ohms per ANSI/ESD S6.1


5 Facilities for ESD protected areas and workstations (contd) 5.1 Minimum requirements (contd)

NOTE 1 G1 (equipment ground) or G2 (auxiliary ground) is acceptable for ESD ground. Where both grounds are used, they shall be connected (bonded) together.(Resistance less than 25 ohms per ANSI/ESD S6.1) NOTE 2 R1 is mandatory for all wrist straps. Its value shall be within the limits specified in table 2, 1.a. NOTE 3 R2 (for static dissipative worksurfaces) and R3 (for ESD protective floor mats) are optional but not recommended. When R2 or R3 are used, the resistor values shall be as recommended by the ESD protective equipment manufacturer. ESD protective flooring shall be connected directly to the ESD ground without R3. NOTE 4 See clause 6 of this standard for grounding details (Reference ANSI/ESD-S6.1).

Figure 1 Typical ESD protected workstation (Side View)

Auxiliary Ground


5 Facilities for ESD protected areas and workstations (contd) 5.2 Recommended compliance verification baseline Table 2 contains recommended initial checks. Frequencies of these checks may be changed based on data collected for each item.

Table 2 ESD protective item checks FREQUENCY

(see NOTES 1&2) ITEMS ACCEPTANCE

LIMITS REF.

PARA. 1. Required Prior To First

Use of Each Day a) Wrist straps (see Note 3).(when continuous monitors are not in use.)

500 k to 10 M 5.5/5.5.1

b) ESD protective footwear (see Note 4). 500 k to 109 5.5/5.5.2

c) Personnel ESD protective smock (e.g., buttoned smocks) on personnel required to wear them.

Visual check 5.5.4

d) Wrist straps or ESD protective footwear on personnel required to wear them.

Visual check 5.4

2. Recommended Weekly a) ESD protected workstation. (e.g., ground connections)

Visual check 6.3

b) ESD protective floor mat (e.g., cleanliness and freedom from tears).

Visual check 6.4

c) ESD ground connections (e.g., wrist straps, mat ground wires).

Visual check 6.5/6.6

3. Recommended Monthly

ESD protected area and workstation static voltage surveys of insulators and E-field sources.

within 2.5cm (1.0 inch) of a device the measured electric field shall be less than +/- 250 volts/in and 1,000 volts/in within 30cm (12 inches) of unprotected ESDS devices

4.1d

4. Recommended Quarterly

a) ESD protective static dissipative worksurface to ESD ground resistance (See Note 5).

105 to


5 Facilities for ESD protected areas and workstations (contd) 5.2 Recommended compliance verification baseline (contd)

Table 2 ESD protective item checks (contd) FREQUENCY (see Notes 1&2)

ITEMS ACCEPTANCE LIMITS REF. PARA.

5. Recommended Semiannually

a) Ionizer balance using ANSI/ ESD-STM3.1. (see NOTE 6)

Balance < 35 V 5.6c

b) Ionizer charge decay performance using ANSI/ESD-STM3.1. (See NOTE 8)

Charge decay performance per manufacturer's specification.

5.6d

c) Wrist strap monitor check. Test per manufacturer recommendation

5.5.3

6. Recommended Annually

ESD system compliance to the requirements of this standard

Using the ESD Audit Checklist or equivalent.

7.2

NOTE 1 The ESD Item check frequencies should be established to ensure that the items remain compliant between checks. NOTE 2 The ESD item checks shall be performed more frequently than listed when compliance is not continuously maintained. NOTE 3 Wrist straps in use shall be checked at least once a day when continuous wrist strap monitors are not used. NOTE 4 ESD protective footwear is available in a wide range of resistance values. Those with mid-to-lower resistance values provide shorter charge dissipation times. NOTE 5 Use ANSI/ESD-S4.1 except make a single measurement using the limits specified in this standard at a high wear point relative to the ground connection on the worksurface to the ESD ground (instead of several points to the groundable point). All ESDS devices shall be removed from the worksurface while making these measurements. NOTE 6 Use ANSI/ESD-STM3.1, except a single measurement point can be used for benchtop ionizing systems. Air velocity measurements are not required. NOTE 7 100K ohms is a suggested lower limit. However a lower value may be used if local safety requirements can still be met. NOTE 8 Use ANSI/ESD-STM3.1 except the number of measurement points and locations may be selected based on the application.

5.3 ESD item check records Records of the Table 2 ESD item checks shall be maintained for a minimum of one year except for continuously monitored items a) Compliant resistance and electrical potential measurements may be recorded either as variables (the

measured values) or attributes (pass/fail). b) Noncompliant measurements must be recorded using variables (the measured values) when the

measuring equipment is capable of providing variables. Otherwise, the attribute (pass/fail) must be recorded.

5.4 Personnel grounding Personnel handling or within twelve (12) inches of unprotected ESDS devices shall be grounded per Table 1.


5 Facilities for ESD protected areas and workstations (contd) 5.5 Wrist strap and ESD protective footwear resistance path checks While being worn, the resistance paths of wrist straps, heel/toe straps and conductive shoes shall be independently checked to the Table 2 limits for minimum resistance (to provide current limiting characteristics) and maximum resistance (to ensure that adequate body contact is maintained). 5.5.1 Wrist strap resistance measurement path The wrist strap resistance path is measured from the user's hand, through the user's body, the body-to-strap contact, the integral resistor, the strap wire, to the strap ground connector. 5.5.2 Heel/toe straps and conductive shoes resistance measurement paths Each heel/toe strap and conductive shoe resistance path shall be individually measured from the user's hand, through the user's body, the body-to-strap/shoe contact, the strap/shoe to the conductive plate. 5.5.3 Continuous wrist strap and workstation monitors When continuous wrist strap monitoring equipment is used, daily wrist strap checks and logs are not required. Some monitors, usually capacitance or impedance types, may not meet the low end requirements in Table 2, 1a. This does not increase risk of ESD damage but may be a safety concern. Corrective actions resulting from monitor alarms shall be documented. 5.5.4 ESD protective smocks ESD protective smocks may not be necessary for an effective ESD program. When they are required such as for contamination control: a) The ESD protective smocks shall be buttoned (except for the collar) whenever the wearer is at an

ESD protected workstation or in a designated ESD protected area. b) The ESD protective smock manufacturer's cleaning instructions should be followed to gain maximum

effectiveness and utility from the smocks. 5.6 Air Ionization deployment Air ionizers, when required, shall conform to the following: a) Ionizers shall be positioned (e.g., distance and angle) so that the devices at the ESD-protected

workstations are within the intended specified coverage area.

b) There shall be an unrestricted, straight line air flow between the ionizers and the unprotected devices.

c) Ionizer balance (positive and negative ions) shall be verified per Table 2. d) Ionizer charge decay performance shall be verified using the method described in EOS/ESD-STM3.1

per Table 2.


5.7 ESD signs and labels 5.7.1 Indicating work area boundaries ESD caution indicators shall be used to clearly indicate the ESD protected area boundaries and workstations to all approaching personnel. These could be signs, identifying tape or marked physical barriers. These should indicate by words and/or symbol that ESD HANDLING IS REQUIRED in the area and/or at the workstation. 5.7.2 ESD caution labels for packing and shipping Each ESD protective package shall have a contrasting ESD caution label. The caution label shall be legible to normal vision. ESDA susceptibility or protective symbo1 in EIA471 or ESD S8.1 is recommended. The ESD caution label shall be placed in a standard location to ensure that people will be aware that ESDS devices are inside the packages. The ESD caution label on the package may be provided by a preprinted marking on the package or its sealing tape. 5.7.3 Package ESD caution label content The label shall clearly indicate by words and/or symbol that ESDS devices are inside the package and that the package may not be opened except at a designated ESD protected area or workstation. An example of an ESD protected package caution label is shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2 Example of ESD protected package caution label (ANSI/ESD 8.1-2007)


5.7 ESD signs and labels (contd) 5.7.4 Commercial device package ESD caution label For commercial devices, each ESD protective package shall have an ESD caution label placed in a standard location to ensure that people will be aware that ESDS devices are inside the packages. The ESD caution label on the package may be provided by a preprinted marking on the package or its sealing tape. 5.7.5 Military device package ESD caution label For military devices, the ESD caution label and its position shall conform to the requirements of MIL-STD-129. 6 Grounding for protection of ESDS devices 6.1 ESD ground The ESD ground shall be the equipment ground or auxiliary (earth) ground. Equipment ground is the electrical ground (green) wire at receptacles that have been tested to and meet the requirements of ANSI/ESD 6.1 or local equivalent. A typical grounding system for an ESD protected workstation is illustrated in Figure 1. 6.1.1 Equipment and auxiliary ESD grounds Equipment ground should be used instead of auxiliary ground. When an auxiliary ground is used it shall be bonded to the service equipment ground with a maximum resistance of 25 ohms. 6.1.2 Equipment grounding receptacle and conductor The equipment grounding receptacle and conductors shall be in accordance with ANSI/NFPA-70 and ANSI/ESD S6.1 after being installed or modified and prior to being used. NOTE ESD grounding conditions shall conform to the applicable building, electrical and safety codes and standards. 6.2 ESD protected workstation ESD ground Each ESD workstation shall be individually connected to the ESD ground. Daisy chaining is not permitted. When more than one ESD worksurface is used at a workstation, each surface shall be connected to a common point which is then connected to the ESD ground. NOTE The Site Safety Engineer (or designated person) should perform a safety review of all new or modified ESD Ground connections at the ESD Protected workstation prior to their initial use.


6 Grounding for protection of ESDS devices (contd) 6.3 ESD protective worksurfaces The grounded static dissipative protective worksurface shall have a resistance to ground of greater than or equal to 105 ohms and less than 109 ohms. Use of conductive surfaces is not recommended. When used the conductive surface may have a resistance to ground of less than 105 ohms. NOTE The resistor R2 in Figure 1 should not be used in the connection to ground of conductive worksurfaces. 6.4 ESD Protective flooring/mats ESD protective flooring/mats are required when floor grounding devices (ESD protective footwear and/or mobile ESD protected workstations) are utilized. When required ESD flooring/mats shall be grounded and meet the requirement of Table 2 (4c). 6.5 ESD ground connections Firm fitting connecting devices such as metallic crimps, snaps and banana plugs shall be connected to designated ground points. Wire splices should be crimped or soldered. Use of alligator clips for ground connections should be avoided. 6.6 Ground wire mechanical considerations The wire used to connect the ESD ground to equipment ground should be of sufficient strength not to be inadvertently broken or disconnected. The wire should be attached to physical structures to prevent mechanical damage. 6.7 Storage areas Shelving used as an ESD protected area or workstation shall meet all of the requirements for an ESD protected area or workstation per clause 5 and Table 1 and Table 2. When the storage shelving is not used as an ESD protected area or workstation, the ESDS devices shall be in ESD protective packaging. 6.8 Mobile ESD protected workstation When mobile equipment is used as an ESD protected workstation (e.g., cart, table), it shall be connected to ESD ground and meet the requirements for an ESD protected workstation per 5.1, Table 1 (also see 3.13). When a floor grounding device is used to ground a mobile ESD protected workstation, an ESD protective floor/mat is required.


7 ESD Protective packaging requirements for ESDS devices 7.1 ESDS device protective packaging requirement All ESDS devices shall be packed in ESD protective packaging (see 3.14) when not at an ESD protected area or workstation. 7.2 Packing and filler materials Packing and filler materials for ESDS devices shall be antistatic or static dissipative. 7.3 Tubes, trays, magazines and carriers Tubes, trays, magazines and carriers shall provide mechanical protection for devices and minimize triboelectric charging. Applying or removing static generating tapes and labels to antistatic tubes, magazines and carriers shall not be done with ESDS devices inside. Topically-treated tubes, trays, magazines and carriers lose their static protective properties with use. Re-use of topically treated tubes is not recommended. 7.4 Individual finished device carrier materials. Insulating (see 3.18) carrier materials may be used for individual finished devices for electrical testing providing the handling methods minimize triboelectric charging of the carriers and surrounding materials. 7.5 ESDS device shipping and receiving operations All ESDS devices must be shipped and received in ESD protective packaging, which must not be opened except at an ESD protected area or workstation. 8 Compliance verification 8.1 ESD coordinator Each site shall have a designated ESD coordinator. The coordinator is responsible for assuring that the requirements of this standard are met. 8.2 Frequency Verification frequency shall be defined for each control item or operation involving the processing, handling or storage of ESDS devices, see Table 2.


8.3 Non-compliance When non-compliances to the requirements of this standard occur they shall be addressed according to company quality management procedures. 8.3.1 Non-compliant ESD protected areas and workstations When non-compliant ESD protected areas and/or workstations are found, no additional devices shall be processed through that area and/or workstation until the non-compliance are corrected. 8.3.2 Mishandled ESDS devices Company procedures shall define the disposition of ESDS devices or wafers that have NOT been continuously handled, packaged and transported according to this standard. 8.3.3 Returning rejected ESDS devices to suppliers Rejected (e.g., electrical, mechanical) ESDS devices being returned to suppliers shall be handled and shipped in accordance with the requirements of this standard. When the supplier's original packing materials and containers are non-compliant to this standard, the ESDS devices shall be rejected and returned in the original materials and containers. 8.4 Records Written records shall be kept of all audits and inspections, measuring and test equipment calibrations for at least 2 years or as defined in the company quality management system. As a minimum, audit records shall specify what was audited, the auditor's name, date of audit, audit results, corrective actions required (if applicable), and evidence of verification of satisfactory completion of any required corrective actions. 9 ESD handling training All personnel who handle ESDS devices shall receive ESD handling training prior to handling ESDS devices. Refresh training shall be conducted at least every 24 months thereafter. Personnel entering ESD protected areas shall be trained or accompanied by personnel who are trained. 9.1 Training program The ESD handling training should include static fundamentals, a review of applicable parts of this specification, and actual applications in the work area. 9.2 Training records Training records shall be maintained for each individual. As a minimum, the records shall show dates of training. Records shall be maintained for at least two (2) complete years or as prescribed by the company quality management system


10 Methods for minimizing static charging Charge prevention/neutralization methods include, but are not limited to, antistatic solution treatments, relative humidity control, air ionizers (5.6), ESD protective garments (5.5.4), and ESD gloves and finger cots. 10.1 Antistatic solution Antistatic chemicals (antistats) can be used to prevent static charge generation on static generating/charging materials in the work or storage areas when a permanently low-charging or static dissipative material is not available. During application of any antistatic chemical, the user should consider the following: a) The antistatic solutions should be chosen to avoid contamination of ESDS devices. b) Antistatic spray or solutions should not be applied in any form to energized electrical parts,

assemblies, panels, or equipment. c) The need for initial application and frequency of reapplication can only be established through off-

line characterization or routine electrostatic field measurements during normal operations using an electrostatic fieldmeter or surface resistance measurement.

10.2 Relative humidity control Relative humidity has an impact on the generation of static electricity and can augment an existing program. The ESD program defined in this document is not dependent on humidity control. Humidity control for ESD may be implemented if deemed necessary by the ESD coordinator. 10.3 Gloves and finger cots When gloves or finger cots are required for contamination control, antistatic/dissipative gloves or finger cots or cotton gloves should be used when handling ESDS devices. Personnel wearing ESD safe gloves or finger cots must be aware of what they touch so not to transfer contaminants (e.g., oils, grease, paste, inks, etc) onto ESDS devices. When in doubt change your gloves or cots.


11 Recommended ESD Audit Checklist Area: ___________________________________ Date:__________ Auditor: _________________________________

ITEM Y/N/NA QUESTIONS (TEXT REFERENCE) 1. _ Are all ESD measurement devices required by this standard in the calibration system?

2. _ Are the daily ESD item checks of Table 2, Item 1 being performed? (Table 2-1)

3. _ Is data available showing that the recommended weekly, monthly, quarterly, semiannual and annual check items are continuously compliant? (Table 2-2 to 6)

4. _ Are records of ESD item checks maintained for a minimum of two years? (6.3) NOTE Continuously monitored items and visual checks do not require written records. (5.3)

5. _ Are noncompliant measurements recorded as variables (the measured values) when the measuring equipment is capable of providing variables or as attributes (fail) when the equipment is only providing attributes? (5.3.b)

6. _ Where unprotected ESDS devices are handled, are appropriate grounded static dissipative (preferred) or conductive worksurfaces used? (Table 1-1)

7. _ Are floor grounding methods used in areas where personnel or mobile ESD protective workstations are not grounded by other means? (Table 1-2)

8. _ Is each person handling unprotected ESDS devices grounded by either a wrist strap or ESD protective footwear? (Table 1-3a, b)

9. _ When wrist straps are used, are they providing a continuous electrical path from the user to ESD ground? (Table 1-3)

10. _ Do all ESD control product meet the acceptance requirement of this document?

11. _ When personnel floor grounding methods are used, does the ESD protective footwear (heel straps, toe straps or conductive shoes) provide a continuous electrical path from both of the users feet to the ESD protective flooring or floor mat? (Table 1-3)

12. _ Are ESD wrist straps used for grounding seated personnel? (Table 1-3)

13. _ Are nonessential and personal items kept off of the ESD protective worksurfaces? (Table 1-4a)

14. _ Has a documented plan been implemented for process-required insulators? (Table 1-4b, c)

15. _ Does the plan include methods to neutralize or reduce electrostatic fields to acceptable levels? (Table 1-4b, c)

16. _ When ESD protective smocks are used do the smocks cover all personal garment above the waist except at the neck area? (Table 1-5)

JEDEC Standard No. 625-A Page 18 11 Recommended ESD Audit Checklist (contd)

ITEM Y/N/NA QUESTIONS (TEXT REFERENCE)

17. _ Are ESD protected areas identified with appropriate signs or markings? (Table 1-6)

18. _ Does each ESD protective package have an appropriate ESD caution label? (5.6.3)

19. _ Are the ESD grounds compliant equipment/earth grounds? (6.1)

20. _ Are all ESD protected workstations individually connected to the defined ESD ground? (6.3)

21. _ Are static dissipative and conductive ESD protective worksurfaces each connected directly to ESD ground? (6.4)

22. _ When floor grounding devices (ESD protective footwear and/or mobile ESD protected workstations) are being utilized, are compliant ESD protective flooring and/or mats used? (6.5)

23. _ Are firm fitting connecting devices such as metallic crimps, snaps and banana plugs used for connections to the designated ESD ground points? (6.7)

24. _ Does shelving that is being used as an ESD protected area or workstation meet all of the requirements for an "ESD protected area or workstation" per clause 5 and Tables 1 and 2? (6.8)

25. _ When mobile equipment is used as an ESD protected workstation (e.g., cart, table), does it meet the requirements for an ESD protected workstation per? (6.9)(Table 1-2)

26. _ Are all ESDS devices in compliant ESD protective packaging per 4.13 and 8. When not at an ESD protected area or workstation? (7.1)

27. _ Has an ESD coordinator who is responsible for assuring that the requirements of this standard are met been designated? (8.1)

28. _ Is a periodic ESD audit performed of each operation that processes, handles or stores ESDS devices to verify compliance to all requirements of this standard using the ESD Audit Checklist or an equivalent checklist?

29. When non-compliances to the requirements of this standard are found, are:

_ they addressed according to company procedures.? (8.3) _ processing of ESDS devices through non-compliant areas and/or workstations suspended

until the noncompliance are corrected? (8.3.1)

30. _ Are ESDS devices that have NOT been continuously handled, packaged and transported according to this standard dispositioned per documented procedures? (8.3.2)

31. _ Are rejected (e.g., electrical, mechanical) ESDS devices that are being returned to suppliers, handled and shipped in accordance with the requirements of this standard? (8.3.3)

32. _ Are written records kept of all audits and ESD equipment calibrations for at least two (2) years or as defined in the company quality management system? (8.4)

33. _ Have all personnel handling ESDS devices received ESD handling training initially and at least every 24 months thereafter to maintain proficiency? (9)


Annex A (informative) Reference Documents EOS/ESD-ADV1.0 EOS/ESD Association Glossary of Terms EOS/ESD-S1 Standard for Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible

Items - Personal Grounding Wrist-Straps MIL-STD-750 Test Methods for Semiconductor Devices MIL-STD-883 Test Methods and Procedures for Microelectronics MIL-STD-1686 Electrostatic Discharge Control Program for Protection of

Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive Devices)

MIL-PRF-87893 Workstations, Electrostatic Discharge Control NAVSEA SE 003-AA-TRN-010 Electrostatic Discharge Training Manual MIL-HDBK-263 Revision B Electrostatic Discharge Control Handbook


Annex B (informative) Differences between JESD625B and JESD625A This annex briefly describes most of the changes made to entries that appear in this standard, JESD625B, compared to its predecessor, JESD625-A (December 1999). If the change to a concept involves any words added or deleted (excluding deletion of accidentally repeated words), it is included. Some punctuation changes are not included. Clause Description of change 1&2 Per JM7, clause 1 and 2 were combined. Subsequently all clauses were renumbered. The

clauses litedin this annex refer to their number in JESD625A, followed by the clause number used in this revision.

2.1/1.1 Applicable users were limited to semiconductor manufacturers and processing/testing

facilities. Distributors and Users are given option of using ANSI/ESD S20.20 2.2/1.2 Optoelectronic devices were added to applicable device types 2.3/1.3 Personnel safety was moved to Clause 2 3/2 Applicable documents were updated 4/3 Definitions were added for auxiliary ground, conductive material resistance, electrostatic

discharge shielding. Definitions were removed for conductive material resistivity, electrostatic shielding. Definitions for ESDS, equipment ground, ESD ground, ESD-work area, ESD-protected workstation, ESD protective worksurface, insulative material, static dissipative material, static electricity, triboelectric charging, volume resistivity were modified.

5/4 Section on calibration was removed since this is a function of the facility quality and

maintenance system 5.1/4.1 Continuous e-field monitors were added . Requirements on acceptable electric fields

near sensitive devices were added 6.1/5.1 The following changes were made in Table 1 (Minimum requirements for ESD protected

areas and workstations:

1. Static dissipative range was established for protective worksurfaces. Conductive surfaces are allowed but not recommended

3. Specific current limit removed 4. Maximum electrostatic fields specified at 2.5cm and 30cm. 7. Equipment and bonding requirements per ANSI/ESD S6.1added Air ionization removed from this Table 1 because it did contain a specific minimum

requirement Figure 1 was modified to show preference for using equipment rather than auxiliary

(formerly called earth) ground.


Annex B (informative) Differences between JESD625B and JESD625A (contd) 6.2/5.2 This section heading was added Compliance Verification Baseline. The following

changes were made in Table 2 (ESD protective item checks)

3. Monthly checks Modified electrostatic field checks 4. Quarterly checks ESD ground continuity changed from 1 ohm to 2 ohms Removed NOTE on measuring resistor in the worksurface to ground connection as these resistors are not recommended

6.5.3/5.5.3 Continuous wrist strap and workstation monitors This section was expanded to add

monitor types 6.5.4/5.5.4 ESD Protective Smocks was moved from clause 11 6.6/5.6 Air Ionization Deployment was moved from clause 11 6.7.1/5.7.1 Reference to EIA-471 ESD caution symbol was removed. 6.7.2/5.7.2 Reference to ANSI/ESD S8.1 ESD caution symbol was added 7.1/6.1 Reference to NFPA-70 replaced by ANSI/ESD S6.1 7.1.1/6.1.1 Referenced to earth ground replaced by auxiliary ground. Bonding resistance between

equipment and auxiliary ground is specified 7.1.2/6.1.2 NOTE 2 removed. Relevant standards are quoted in other sections 7.2/6.2 Section on Safety Review moved to note in this section 7.3/6.3 Worksurface resistance ranges updated and consistent with Table 1. Note added

explaining that there should not be a discrete resistor in the path to ground 8.3/7.3 Term antistatic removed. Note on shelf life moved to body of section. Section on

Wafer and die packing removed. Other parts of this section cover die and wafers are out of scope.

9.2/8.2 Title changed from Auditing to Frequency. Note referring to checklist removed. 10/9 Maximum re-training interval changes from one to two years. Note removed. 11/10 Air ionization and ESD protective smocks sections moved to Section 6 12/11 Audit Checklist modified to be compatible with changes in the document