A site where two or more bones come together, whether or not
movement occurs between them ,is called a joint.
ARTHROLOGY
CLASSIFICATION
*FIBROUS JOINTSArticulating surfaces of bones are joined by
connective tissue. Very little movement is
posibleSyndesmosesSuturesGomphoses
SYNDESMOSISTwo bones bound by ligament only Most movable of
fibrous jointInterosseus membranes unite radius to ulna and tibia
to fibula
GOMPHOSISa type of fibrous joint in which a conical process is
inserted into a socket-like portion.
CARTILIGAGINOUS JOINTSThese are of two types
PrimarySecondary
*PRIMARY CARTILIGINOUS JOINTBones are joined by hyaline
cartilageNo movement is possible
PRIMARY CARTILIGINOUS JOINT
First rib attachment to sternumUnion between epiphysis and
diaphysis
SECONDARY CARTILIGINOUS JOINT2 bones joined by
fibrocartilagepubic symphysis and intervertebral discsOnly slight
amount of movement is possible
*
STABILITY OF JOINTSStability depends on 3 main factorsShape,
size and arrangement of articular surfacesAssociated
ligamentsMuscle tone
LIGAMENTSFibrous ligaments prevent excessive movement in a joint
, but if stress is continued for an excessively long period ,then
ligaments will stretch
ELASTIC LIGAMENTSReturn to their orignal length after
stretching
*ARTHRITISArthritis is a broad term for pain and
inflammationOsteoarthritis results from years of joint
weararticular cartilage softens and degeneratesaccompanied by
crackling sounds called crepitus
