View
218
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8
Group model
• Membership and exclusion, closed • Hierarchies of control• Focus on collaboration and shared purpose• teachers: guides
group
9
The net model
• bottom-up, open• inclusive• focus on individual and connections• teachers: role models and co-travellers
net
10
Set model• cooperation, anonymity• focus on filtering and selection• tags and categorisation• teachers: analyzers, curators
and publishers
• analytics
set
11
Holistic model
• Overlapping social forms: sets, nets, groups• Ownership• Control and context• teachers:
all the rest, plusCollective Intelligence
Generations of Flexible Learning Pedagogies
1. Behaviourist/Cognitive – Self Paced, Individual Study,
2. Social constructivist – Groups, classes
3. Connectivist – Networks
4. Holist - Sets and Collectives
Anderson, T., & Dron, J. (2011). Three generations of distance education pedagogy. International Review of Research on Distance and Open Learning, 12(3), 80-97
Priv
ate
Publ
ic net
group
set
indiv-idual
The LMS at AU
• Fixed periods of engagement• limited learner control• teaching-led• Closed• Private
group
15
Multiple rationales
15
set
net
group
collective
CoursesCommitteesResearch groupsStudy groupsCentres and departments
Sustaining tiesMaking tiesAd hoc networksKnowledge diffusionSocial capitalSocial presence
CooperationSharingSerendipityInterest -orientationSense-makingCollective intelligenceIntentional discovery
“Your Friends Make you Fat”They can also make you smart!
Fowler & Christakis (2007)A study of Obesity http://www.world-science.net/othernews/070725_obesity.htm
The Closed Garden versus Facebook
• Niche networks• Differentiating work, from school, from fun• Context is king
Tool InstancesUsers: 2657Messages: 21762Files: 3561Blog posts: 3348Wire posts: 1921Bookmarked items: 1550Discussion topics: 1305Pages: 853Photos: 788Top-level pages: 530Event Calendar: 171Albums: 109Bookmark Folder: 87Polls: 69
25
Public vs private
• It all depends on context and purpose...
25
PUBLIC SET NET GROUP
Blogs 36% 50% 2% 11%
Wikis (8% private)
18% 45% 2% 33%
Bookmarks 9% 65% 0.5% 24%
Images 6% 75% 6% 10%
27
Groups
• Safety• familiarity (in education)• formality• trust• scaffolding• structure• Reliability• Group think• Cliques, hidden curriculum
27
group
Scariness
28
Networks
• Connectivity• strength of weak ties• blurred boundaries• shifting contexts• risk• insecurity• partial openness• (appear) unstructured
28
net
Scariness
29
Sets
• anonymity• openness• danger• Insecurity• structure• loss of identity• unreliability
29
set
Scariness
30
Why open?
• Greater interaction and feedback• Following norms• Social capital• Self-promotion• Altruism• Course requirements• Good ideas
•Fear of ....
• loss of face
• loss of privacy
• legal issues
• loss of control
• permanence
• freeloaders
• being unkind (especially wikis)
• the unknown
Why not open?
33
fear of the unknown
• Athabasca Landing: a site that enables selective sharing from private-public
• sharing is exposing: that is scary (and fun)
• choices without power are scary
• the unknown is scary
Open things in social space
• accuracy/trustworthiness: issues of reputation. • validity and trustworthiness comes from the
combined artefacts. • Matthew Principle• Group liability and guilt• Freeloading• Stupidity of Mobs, Group Think• legal fears
Challenges of Open• selective revealing - revealing
different things to different people.
• It's scary revealing to others – • Who will read this post??• problems of longevity:• taking advantage of others loss of
control, ownership• fear of exposure - showing
something not quite OK to a group is often easier than showing it to the world.
Teaching Presence in Social Spaces
• Network Leadership is not the same as group leadership
• Role models, co-travellers• Valuing leadership beyond ‘contact hours’
37
• nets are closed: you talk to who you know• nets are open: they talk to others, friends of
friends
42
Practical Rationale
• Communications is a continuing challenge in our workplaces.
• Too many of our faculty and staff are disengaged from our community
• We lack any sort of knowledge management system- all knowledge explicit, little connected
• It’s hard to get to know people at Athabasca.