Key Quiz SE

8/13/2019 Key Quiz SE

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QUIZ 1

In Iterative development approach, which phase takes the least cost?[A]Iterative development

[B]System estin!

"[#]Speci$ication[%]%esi!n

&hat are !eneric so$tware process models? '#hoose one([A]&ater$all, Iterative development, A!ile development

[B]&ater$all, #omponent)*ased so$tware en!ineerin!, A!ile development

[#]&ater$all, Iterative development, +treme pro!rammin! development

"[%]&ater$all, Iterative development, #omponent)*ased so$tware en!ineerin!

&hat is a so$tware process model?[A]A simpli$ied representation in a water$all

[B]A simpli$ied representation in a cycle o$ a so$tware process[#]A simpli$ied representation in a step *y step o$ a so$tware process"[%]A simpli$ied representation o$ a so$tware process, presented $rom a speci$ic

perspective

he c-rrent trends s-!!est that the economies o$ A.. developed and developin! nationsare dependent on so$tware

[A]/alse

"[B]r-e

In &ater$all approach, which phase takes the most cost?

"[A]Inte!ration and testin![B]%esi!n

[#]Speci$ication

[%]%evelopment

&hat is a so$tware process?

[A]A set o$ cycles whose !oal is the development or evol-tion o$ so$tware

[B]A set o$ steps whose !oal is the development or evol-tion o$ so$tware[#]A set o$ models whose !oal is the development or evol-tion o$ so$tware

"[%]A set o$ activities whose !oal is the development or evol-tion o$ so$tware

he distri*-tion o$ the costs o$ so$tware en!ineerin! 0 depends on the process model

that is -sed

[A]r-e

"[B]/alse

In &ater$all approach, which phase takes the least cost?

[A]%evelopment[B]Inte!ration and testin!


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[#]%esi!n

"[%]Speci$ication

&hat are essential attri*-tes o$ !ood so$tware?

[A]2aintaina*ility3 Undependa*ility3 +$$iciency3 Usa*ility

"[B]2aintaina*ility3 %ependa*ility3 +$$iciency3 Accepta*ility[#]2aintaina*ility3 +$$iciency3 Usa*ility3 4ood look and $eel

In #omponent)*ased so$tware en!ineerin! approach, which phase takes the least cost?"[A]Speci$ication

[B]%esi!n

[#]%evelopment

[%]Inte!ration and testin!

&hat are the key challen!es $acin! so$tware en!ineerin! in the 51st cent-ry? '#hooseone(

[A]he hetero!eneity challen!e, the tr-st challen!e, the li$e time challen!e"[B]he hetero!eneity challen!e, the delivery challen!e, the tr-st challen!e[#]he delivery challen!e, the tr-st challen!e, the li$e time challen!e

[%]he hetero!eneity challen!e, the delivery challen!e, the li$e time challen!e

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) QUIZ 5

&hich is the correct se6-ence o$ the $ollowin! activities in the process o$ System

evol-tion?

'1( Assess eistin! systems'5( %e$ine system re6-irements

'7( 2odi$y systems

'8( 9ropose system chan!es[A]5:;1:;7:;8

"[B]5:;1:;8:;7

[#]5:;7:;1:;8[%]5:;7:;8:;1

&hat is the main di$$erence *etween the Spiral model and other so$tware processesmodels?"[A]he eplicit reco!nition o$ risk in the Spiral model

[B]he !oal o$ *


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[#]=e6-irements doc-ment

&hat is the correct se6-ence o$ the $ollowin! iterations in the =U9'=ational Uni$ied9rocess( model?

'1( +la*oration

'5( Inception'7( ransition

'8( #onstr-ction

"[A]5 :; 1 :; 8 :; 7[B]1 :; 5 :; 8 :; 7

[#]5 :; 8 :; 7 :; 1

[%]8 :; 7 :; 1 :; 5

&hat is the o-tp-t o$ /easi*ility st-dy phase in the re6-irements en!ineerin! process?

[A]User re6-irement doc-ment"[B]=eport that recommends whether or not to contin-e development pro

[%]5:;7:;8:;1:;>


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&hich is the correct se6-ence o$ the $ollowin! activities in the #omponent)*ased

so$tware en!ineerin!?'1( #omponent analysis

'5( System desi!n with re-se '7(

=e6-irements modi$ication '8(

%evelopment and inte!ration"[A]1:;7:;5:;8

[B]1:;7:;8:;5

[#]1:;5:;8:;7[%]1:;5:;7:;8

he &ater$all approach is the B+S approach to development so$tware when

[A]Addin! some new $eat-res to a system[B]Un)sta*le re6-irement systems

[#]he so$tware system is small, -nclear re6-irements

"[%]he so$tware system is lar!e and that is need developed at several sites

hree cate!ories o$ risks are

"[A]9ro


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"[B]he critical path is the se6-ence o$ dependent activities that de$ines the time re6-ired

to complete the pro


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[%]A prototype is to *-ild 6-ickly so$tware to the c-stomer nly some $-nctional o$ the

prod-ct are completed and system tested

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QUIZ 8

&hat are non $-nctional re6-irements?"[A]#onstraints on the services or $-nctions o$$ered *y the system s-ch as timin!

constraints, constraints on the development process, standards, etc

[B]=e6-irements that come $rom the application domain o$ the system and that re$lect

characteristics and constraints o$ that domain[#]Statements o$ services the system sho-ld provide how the system sho-ld react to

partic-lar inp-ts and how the system sho-ld *ehave in partic-lar sit-ations

&hat are !ood attri*-tes o$ re6-irements? '#hoose one(

[A]esta*le, complete, clear, inconsistent, -nam*i!-o-s[B]esta*le, complete, clear, consistent, am*i!-o-s

[#]esta*le, incomplete, clear, consistent, -nam*i!-o-s"[%]esta*le, complete, clear, consistent, -nam*i!-o-s

&hat are domain re6-irements?[A]#onstraints on the services or $-nctions o$$ered *y the system s-ch as timin!


[B]Statements o$ services the system sho-ld provide how the system sho-ld react to

partic-lar inp-ts and how the system sho-ld *ehave in partic-lar sit-ations"[#]=e6-irements that come $rom the application domain o$ the system and that re$lectcharacteristics and constraints o$ that domain

&hat are system re6-irements?

"[A]A str-ct-red doc-ment settin! o-t detailed descriptions o$ the system s $-nctions,

services and operational constraints[B]#onstraints on the services or $-nctions o$$ered *y the system s-ch as timin!


[#]Statements in nat-ral lan!-a!e pl-s dia!rams o$ the services the system provides and

its operational constraints

&hich are types o$ non)$-nctional re6-irement? '#hoose one(

"[A]9rod-ct re6-irements3 r!ani@ational re6-irements3 +ternal re6-irements[B]r!ani@ational re6-irements3 +ternal re6-irements3 0on)/-nctional =e6-irements

[#]r!ani@ational re6-irements3 +ternal re6-irements3 System =e6-irements

[%]User re6-irements3 r!ani@ational re6-irements3 +ternal re6-irements

&hat is the B+S way to write re6-irement doc-ment?

[A]Sho-ld incl-de C& the system will *e implemented in a speci$ication o$ the system

re6-irements


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[B]Sho-ld 0 incl-de a de$inition o$ -ser re6-irements in a speci$ication o$ the system

re6-irements[#]=e6-irement doc-ment sho-ld set o$ &CA the system sho-ld do and C& it

sho-ld do"[%]Sho-ld incl-de *oth a de$inition o$ -ser re6-irements and a speci$ication o$ the

system re6-irements

&hat are $-nctional re6-irements?

[A]#onstraints on the services or $-nctions o$$ered *y the system s-ch as timin!constraints, constraints on the development process, standards, etc

[B]=e6-irements that come $rom the application domain o$ the system and that re$lect

characteristics o$ that domain

"[#]Statements o$ services the system sho-ld provide how the system sho-ld react topartic-lar inp-ts and how the system sho-ld *ehave in partic-lar sit-ations

&hat are -ser re6-irements?

"[A]Statements in nat-ral lan!-a!e pl-s dia!rams o$ the services the system provides andits operational constraints

[B]#onstraints on the services or $-nctions o$$ered *y the system s-ch as timin!

constraints, constraints on the development process, standards, etc[#]A str-ct-red doc-ment settin! o-t detailed descriptions o$ the system s $-nctions,

services and operational constraints

&hich o$ the $ollowin! re6-irement statements *elon!s to domain re6-irements?[A]St-dents can reserve a li*rary item online

"[B]here shall *e a standard -ser inter$ace to all data*ase that shall *e *ase on the

Z7D>E standard[#]he sta$$ mem*er sho-ld *e a*le to iss-e a li*rary item *y scannin! the *ar codes o$

the li*rary item and the st-dent card

[%]he -ser sho-ld *e a*le to search $or a li*rary item *y speci$yin! a key word

In reality, the distinction *etween di$$erent types o$ re6-irements is not clear)c-t

"[A]r-e[B]/alse

&hich o$ the $ollowin! re6-irement statements *elon!s to non)$-nctional re6-irements?

[A]An article in$ormation shall incl-de A-thor, itle, %escription and other relatedin$ormation"[B]he -ser inter$ace shall *e implemented as simple C2. witho-t $rames

[#]he system shall *e a*le to search either all o$ the initial set o$ data*ases or select as-* set $rom it,

[%]he system shall provide appropriate viewers $or the -ser to read doc-ments in the

doc-ment store

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Q-i@ >

&hat s the B+S way to start creatin! a data)$low dia!ram?[A]In the class dia!ram, yo- list all the classes and then wrestle with the interclass

associations, attri*-tions, operations

"[B]In the data)$low dia!ram, yo- sho-ld start *y analy@in! the overall proc-rementprocess and then move on to the analysis o$ s-*)processes

&hen sho-ld yo- -se state machine model? '#hoose one([A]State machine -sed to de$ine the *o-ndaries o$ the system, validate system

re6-irement

"[B]%escri*e how a system responses to eternal and internal events3 It shows system

states and events that ca-se transition $rom one state to another[#]State machine -sed to help the analyst to -nderstand the $-nctionality o$ the system,

comm-nicatin! with c-stomer

[%]State machine -sed in showin! the data echan!e *etween a system and other systems

in its environment

&hen sho-ld yo- -se data $low dia!rams '%/%(? '#hoose one([A]%/% is -sed to descri*in! all o$ the thin!s that can *e done with a data*ase system

[B]%/% is -sed to ill-strate the se6-ence o$ steps that m-st *e per$ormed in order to

complete a task

[#]%/% is -sed to showin! all o$ system s $-nctionalities availa*le"[%]%/% is -sed to showin! the data echan!e *etween a system and other systems in its

environment

#an two o*


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[%]#omposition

&hen sho-ld yo- -se se6-ence dia!ram? '#hoose one([A]Sho-ld -se se6-ence dia!ram to represent eception *ehavior 'when errors happen(

[B]Sho-ld -se se6-ence dia!ram to descri*in! *ranchin! *ehaviors o$ the #9GI9

network protocol[#]Sho-ld -se se6-ence dia!ram to represent all o$ the people who mi!ht -se the

$-nctionalities o$ the system

"[%]Sho-ld -se se6-ence dia!ram to ill-strate the se6-ence o$ steps that m-st *eper$ormed in order to complete a task

&hich models !ive a static view o$ a system?

[A]*


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"[#]he architect-ral sho-ld *e desi!ned to localise critical operations and minimise

comm-nications, -se lar!e)!rain rather than $ine)!rain components

&hich o$ the $ollowin! models *elon! to +vent)driven systems? '#hoose one(

[A]#all)ret-rn model, 2ana!er model

"[B]Broadcast models, Interr-pt)driven models[#]*


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&hat are advanta!es o$ eplicitly desi!nin! and doc-mentin! so$tware architect-re?

[A]Stakeholder comm-nication3 System analysis3 %etail eno-!h $or pro!rammers tocodin!

[B]Stakeholder comm-nication3 .ar!e)scale re-se3 0ot a*stract, stakeholders can

-nderstand and disc-ssion with the development team, detail eno-!h $or developers tocodin!

"[#]Stakeholder comm-nication3 System analysis3 .ar!e)scale re-se

&hat are the models in architect-re desi!n? '#hoose one(

[A]Static, %ynamic, alidation, =elationship, %istri*-tion

[B]Static, %ynamic, Inter$ace, =elationship, +vol-tion

"[#]Static, %ynamic, Inter$ace, =elationship, %istri*-tion

&hat are three !eneral architect-ral styles? '#hoose one([A]System or!anisation3 decomposition styles3 9roced-re styles

"[B]System or!anisation3 decomposition styles3 #ontrol styles[#]System or!anisation3 decomposition styles3 *


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&hich o$ the $ollowin! is 0 an approach that may *e -sed to identi$y o*


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[A]*


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[B]=e6-irement pro*lems, desi!n pro*lems, implementation pro*lems and validation

pro*lems[#]#ontract-al pro*lems, re6-irement pro*lems, implementation pro*lems and

mana!ement pro*lems[%]%esi!n pro*lems, mana!ement pro*lems, validation pro*lems and maintenance

pro*lems

&hich o$ the $ollowin! is 0 an advanta!e o$ -sin! incremental development and

delivery?[A]2ore etensive testin! o$ critical c-stomer $-nctionality

[B]+arly delivery o$ critical $-nctionality to c-stomer

[#].ower risk o$ overall pro


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[%]It is a small ta*le

he practices pair pro!rammin!, collective ownership o$ the system code, ands-staina*le pace in +treme 9ro!rammin! $it into which principle o$ a!ile methods?

"[A]9eople not process

[B]Incremental delivery[#]2aintain simplicity

[%]#-stomer involvement

[+]+m*race chan!e

&ho chooses the stories $or incl-sion in the net release *ased on their priorities and the

sched-le estimates?

"[A]#-stomer[B]%eveloper

[#]ester[%]9ro


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"[A]/alse

[B]r-e

&hich is the correct statement a*o-t 9rod-ct line architect-res?

"[A]Architect-res m-st *e str-ct-red in s-ch a way to separate di$$erent s-*)systems and

to allow them to *e modi$ied[B]Architect-res m-st *e str-ct-red in s-ch a way to incl-de di$$erent s-*)systems and

do not allow them to *e modi$ied

All o$ the $ollowin! are the desi!n choices have to *e made when re-sin! #S prod-cts

+N#+9

[A]&hich #S prod-cts o$$er the most appropriate $-nctionality

"[B]Cow will data *e echan!ed *etween di$$erent mod-les[#]Cow will data *e echan!ed *etween di$$erent prod-cts

[%]&hat $eat-res o$ a prod-ct will act-ally *e -sed

he trend o$ =e-se)*ased so$tware en!ineerin! is an approach to development that triesto

[A]%esi!n system $rom the scratch"[B]2aimi@e the re-se o$ eistin! so$tware

[#]2inimi@e the re-se o$ eistin! so$tware

[%]%esi!n system $rom ori!inal so$tware development

&hat are the *ene$its o$ so$tware re)-sin!?

[A]o have *etter so$tware in shorter d-ration, $ewer so$tware reso-rce involve in

so$tware development, easy deployment"[B]o have $aster delivery o$ system, lower cost, increased so$tware 6-ality[#]o have *etter so$tware at lower cost, shorter d-ration, $ewer so$tware reso-rce

involve in so$tware development[%]o have $ewer so$tware reso-rce involve in so$tware development, easy deployment

&hich is 0 a key $actor that yo- sho-ld consider when plannin! re-se?

[A]he criticality o$ the so$tware and it s non)$-nctional re6-irements[B]he *ack!ro-nd, skill and eperience o$ the development team

"[#]he name o$ the application or component re-se

[%]he development sched-le o$ the so$tware3 he application domain[+]he epected so$tware li$etime3 he plat$orm in which the system will r-n

All o$ the $ollowin! are types o$ pro!ram !enerator +N#+9"[A]#omponent !enerators

[B]9arser and leical analyser !enerators

[#]Application !enerators[%]#ode !enerators

&hat is the normal order o$ activities in which so$tware testin! is or!ani@ed?

[A]System test, inte!ration test, -nit test, validation test


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[B]Unit test, inte!ration test, system test, validation test

"[#]Unit test, inte!ration test, validation test, system test

he main $oc-s o$ acceptance testin! isO

[A]$indin! $a-lts in the system

[B]ens-rin! that the system is accepta*le to all -sers[#]testin! the system with other systems

"[%]testin! $rom a *-siness perspective

Unit testin! is a

"[A]&hite *o testin!

[B]Black *o testin!

[#]Stress testin!

he e$$ort re6-ired $or locatin! and $iin! an error in an operational pro!ram isO[A]Usa*ility

[B]esta*ility[#]+$$eciency"[%]2aintaina*ility

&ork*enches are also called

[A]9hases[B]Steps

[#]asks

"[%]All o$ the other choices

A pro!ram validates a n-meric $ield as $ollowsO

val-es less than 1E are re


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[A]o veri$y that the so$tware meet its re6-irements

[B]o test individ-al pro!ram components

"[#]o discover $a-lts that make so$tware s *ehavior incorrect[%]o ens-re a*o-t the per$ormance o$ the so$tware

he testin! intended to show that previo-sly correct so$tware has not *een adverselya$$ected *y chan!es is callO

"[A]=e!ression testin!

[B]Black *o testin![#]&hite *o testin!

&e split testin! into distinct sta!es primarily *eca-seO

"[A]+ach test sta!e has a di$$erent p-rpose[B]It is easier to mana!e testin! in sta!es[#]&e can r-n di$$erent tests in di$$erent environments

[%]he more sta!es we have, the *etter the testin!

&hich is the ri!ht se6-ence in the so$tware testin! process?

'1( 9repare test data'5( #reate test case

'7( 9er$orm test

'8( #reate test report

[A]5 :; 1 :; 8 :; 7[B]5 :; 8 :; 7 :; 1

"[#]5 :; 1 :; 7 :; 8

[%]1 :; 5 :; 8 :; 7

&hich o$ the $ollowin! is 0 part o$ con$i!-ration mana!ement?

[A]controlled li*rary access

[B]stat-s acco-ntin! o$ con$i!-ration items"[#]he people in the pro


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he c-stomer wants to make a chan!e to the pro


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[B]1 :; > :; 8 :; 7:;5

[#]5 :; 1 :; 7 :; 8:;>

[%]5 :; 1 :; > :; 7:;8

&hich are levels o$ protection in application sec-rity en!ineerin!? '#hoose one(

[A]Uni)level Application)level %ata*ase)level"[B]9lat$orm)level Application)level =ecord)level

[#]&indows)level Application)level %ata*ase)level

[%].in-)level Application)level =ecord)level

#onsider sec-rity desi!n $or -sername and password protection, what is the !ood desi!n?

'#hoose one(

[A]Username and 9assword cannot *e *lank Username can *e any characters"[B]System -sers are a-thenticated -sin! a lo!in nameGpassword com*ination =e6-ires

-ser chan!e password a$ter 5 months

[#]=e6-ires -ser chan!e password a$ter 5 months Username can *e any characters

[%]Username can *e any characters 9assword can *e *lank

&hat is the $irst sta!e in s-rviva*ility analysis[A]Identity so$tspots and s-rviva*ility strate!ies

"[B]=eview system re6-irements and architect-re

[#]Identi$y attacks and compromisa*le components

[%]Identi$y critical services and components

9assword sho-ld *e chan!ed

[A]n re!-lar *asis[B]&hen yo- s-spect that password is compromised

[#]&hen yo- leave the place

"[%]All o$ the other choices

&hy do we need consider sec-rity $or pro


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"[#]Identi$y so$tspots and s-rviva*ility strate!ies

[%]Identi$y critical services and components

All o$ the $ollowin! are the complementary strate!ies to achieve s-rviva*ility +N#+9

"[A]#onversion

[B]=esistance[#]=eco!nition

[%]=ecovery

%e$ine the sec-rity terms attack

[A]he possi*le loss or harm that co-ld res-lt $rom a s-ccess$-l attack his can *e loss

or dama!e to data or can *e a loss o$ time and e$$ort i$ recovery is necessary a$ter a

sec-rity *reach"[B]An eploitation o$ a systems v-lnera*ility 4enerally, this is $rom o-tside the system

and is a deli*erate attempt to ca-se some dama!e

[#]A weakness in a comp-ter *ased system that may *e eploited to ca-se loss or harm

&hich is the correct statement a*o-t inte!rity?

[A]+tent to which a pro!ram satis$ies its speci$ications and $-l$ils the -sers mission and!oals

[B]+$$ort re6-ired $or learnin!, operatin!, preparin! inp-t interpretin! o-tp-t o$ a

pro!ram

[#]+$$ort re6-ired to co-ple one system with another"[%]+tent to which access to so$tware or data *y an -na-thori@ed persons can *e

controlled

9ro*a*ility o$ a so$tware $ail-re is the

"[A]=elia*ility

[B]%e$ect rate[#]#orrectness

[%]esta*ility

9assword sho-ld *e chan!ed"[A]n re!-lar *asis

[B]&hen yo- $or!et the password

[#]&hen yo- leave the workplace[%]All o$ the other choices

1&hat was the so$tware crisis?As more power$-l hardware was introd-ced in the 1DHEs, lar!er so$tware systems were

developed hese were -s-ally late, -nrelia*le, did not meet -ser needs and cost more

than epected he pro*lems o$ prod-cin! so$tware was the so$tware crisis

5&hat are the two $-ndamental types o$ so$tware prod-ct?

4eneric prod-cts that are desi!ned to meet the needs o$ many di$$erent c-stomers

#-stomised prod-cts desi!ned to meet the speci$ic needs o$ a sin!le c-stomer


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7&hat is so$tware en!ineerin!?

An en!ineerin! discipline concerned with all aspects o$ so$tware prod-ction $romspeci$ication to system maintenance

8&hat are the $-ndamental activities in so$tware processes?So$tware speci$iation, so$tware development, so$tware validation and so$tware evol-tion

>&hat are the three !eneral paradi!ms o$ so$tware development?he water$all approach, iterative development, component)*ased so$tware en!ineerin!

H&hat are the principal components o$ a so$tware en!ineerin! method?

System model descriptions, r-les, recommendations, process !-idance

K&hat does the acronym #AS+ stand $or?#omp-ter Aided So$tware +n!ineerin!

R&hy is maintaina*ility an important attri*-te o$ so$tware?Beca-se all so$tware is s-*


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o*&hat are the development sta!es in #BS+?

#omponent analysis

=e6-irements modi$icationSystem desi!n with re-se

%evelopment and inte!ration

H&hat are the advanta!es o$ -sin! incremental development and delivery?

+arly delivery o$ critical $-nctionality to the c-stomer

+arly increments serve as prototypes to eplore re6-irements

.ower risk o$ overall pro


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17&hat are the si $-ndamental *est practices in the =U9?

%evelop so$tware iteratively2ana!e re6-irements

Use component)*ased architect-res

is-ally model so$twareeri$y so$tware 6-ality

#ontrol chan!es to so$tware

184ive $ive eamples o$ activities that can *e a-tomated -sin! #AS+

4raphical system modellin!

2aintainin! a data dictionary

4eneratin! -ser inter$aces9ro!ram de*-!!in!ranslatin! pro!rams $rom one lan!-a!e to another

1>&hat is the distinction *etween a #AS+ tool and a #AS+ work*ench?A #AS+ tool s-pports an individ-al process task s-ch as checkin! the consistency o$ a

desi!n A #AS+ work*ench s-pports sets o$ related activities s-ch as speci$ication ordesi!n

1&hat are important di$$erences *etween so$tware pro


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Activity networks show the time re6-ired to complete an activity and the dependence on

activities Bar charts show the activity timeline ill-stratin! the relative len!th o$ activities

and the dates when they take place

K&hat are three related cate!ories o$ risk?

9ro


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re6-irement $or the train *rakin! system depends on characteristics o$ the train and the

track

H&hat pro*lems can arise when re6-irements are written in nat-ral lan!-a!e?

.ack o$ clarity

=e6-irements con$-sion=e6-irements amal!amation

K&hat is the distinction *etween the termsshall and sho-ld in a -ser re6-irementsdoc-ment?

Shallnormally indicates a mandatory re6-irement

Sho-ldindicates a desira*le *-t not essential re6-irement

R&hy is it impossi*le to completely separate system re6-irements and desi!n?

he system architect-re may have to *e desi!ned to str-ct-re the re6-irements

speci$ication

+istin! systems constrain the desi!n and these constraints are re6-irementshe -se o$ a speci$ic architect-re may *e a re6-irement $or *-siness or re!-latory

reasons

D&hat are the main advanta!es o$ -sin! a standard $ormat to speci$y re6-irements?

All re6-irements have the same $ormat so are easier to read

he de$inition o$ $orm $ields mean that writers are less likely to $or!et to incl-dein$ormation

Some a-tomated processin! is possi*le

1E&hat are three types o$ inter$ace that may have to *e de$ined in a re6-irements

doc-ment?

9roced-ral inter$aces%ata str-ct-res

=epresentations o$ data

11&hat is the so$tware re6-irements doc-ment?he o$$ical doc-ment that de$ines the re6-irements that sho-ld *e implemented *y the

system developers

15.ist the re6-irements doc-ment sections s-!!ested *y the I+++ standard

Introd-ction4eneral description

Speci$ic re6-irementsAppendicesInde

1&hat perspectives may *e -sed $or system modellin!?

An eternal perspective

A *ehavio-ral perspective


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A str-ct-ral perspective

5&hat types o$ system model may *e developed?%ata $low models

#omposition models

Architect-ral models#lassi$ication models

Stim-l-sGresponse models

7&hat is descri*ed in a contet model?

he immediate eternal environment o$ the system de$inin! the system s contet and the

dependencies that a system has on its environment

8&hat is descri*ed in a state machine model?

Cow the system responds to eternal events

>&hat is a semantic data model?A model that descri*es the lo!ical str-ct-re o$ the data processed *y a system or mana!ed*y a data*ase

H&hat are the components o$ an o*


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*


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o de$ine the si!nat-res and semantics o$ the inter$aces that are provided *y an o*


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An approach to development where a pro!rammer manip-lates !raphical icons

representin! $-nctions, data or -ser inter$ace components and associates processin!

scripts with these icons

DS-!!est three ways that a so$tware prototype may *e -sed

o help with the elicitation and validation o$ re6-irementso eplore so$tware desi!n sol-tions and s-pport -ser inter$ace desi!n

o r-n *ack)to)*ack tests with the implemented system

1E&hat were the key *ene$its o$ prototypin! $o-nd in 4ordon and Biemans

st-dy? Improved system -sa*ility, a closer match to -sersneeds

Improved system 6-ality, improved maintaina*ility

=ed-ced development e$$ort

1.ist the main *ene$its o$ so$tware re-seIncreased dependa*ility

=ed-ced process risk+$$ective -se o$ specialistsStandards compliance

Accelerated development

5.ist the main pro*lems with so$tware re-seIncreased maintenance costs

.ack o$ tool s-pport

0ot)invented)here syndrome#reatin! and maintainin! a component li*rary

/indin!, -nderstandin! and adaptin! components

7&hat key $actors sho-ld *e considered when plannin! re-se?

he development sched-le $or the so$tware

he epected so$tware li$etime

he *ack!ro-nd, skills and eperience o$ the development teamhe criticality o$ the so$tware and its non)$-nctional re6-irements

he application domain

he system delivery plat$orm

8&hat is a desi!n pattern and why are patterns important $or re-se?

A desi!n pattern is a description o$ a pro*lem and the essence o$ its sol-tion hissol-tion is epressed in a !eneric way and can *e instantiated and re-sed in di$$erent

settin!s

>&hat do 4amma et al s-!!est are the $o-r essential elements o$ a desi!n pattern?A meanin!$-l name

A description o$ the pro*lem and when the pattern can *e applied

A sol-tion descriptionA statement o$ the conse6-ences o$ applyin! the pattern


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H&hat is !enerator)*ased re-se?

An approach to re-se where re-sa*le knowled!e is em*edded in a !enerator systemwhich is pro!rammed *y domain eperts to create the system An eec-ta*le system is

then !enerated

K&hat ma


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>&hat is the $-nction o$ stress testin!?

o test the $ail-re *ehavio-r o$ the systemo stress the system and *rin! de$ects to li!ht that mi!ht not normally *e discovered

H&hat tests sho-ld *e incl-ded in o*


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8&hy is it necessary to de$ine a con$i!-ration item identi$ication scheme?

Beca-se there may *e tho-sands o$ so-rce code mod-les, test scripts, desi!n doc-ments,

etc in a lar!e pro&hat in$ormation may *e incl-ded in a con$i!-ration data*ase?In$ormation a*o-t con$i!-ration items s-ch as data o$ creation, creator, etc In$ormation

a*o-t -sers o$ components, system c-stomers, eec-tion plat$orms, and proposed

chan!es to the system

H&hat are the o*


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17&hat $acilities mi!ht *e provided in system *-ildin! #AS+ tools?

A dependency speci$ication lan!-a!e and interpreterool selection and instantiation s-pport

%istri*-ted compilation

%erived o*


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D%e$ine Sso$tware development with services

he creation o$ pro!rams *y composin! and con$i!-rin! services to create newcomposite services

1E&hat is a work$low?A se6-ence o$ activities, ordered in time, that make -p a coherent *-siness processes with

each activity carryin! o-t some part o$ the work o$ that process

11&hat are the sta!es in service constr-ction *y composition?

/orm-late o-tline work$low

%iscover services

Select possi*le services=e$ine work$low#reate work$low pro!ram

est completed service or application

15&hat is the di$$erence *etween B920 and &S)B9+.?

B920 is a !raphical lan!-a!e $or de$inin! work$lows whereas &S)B9+. is a lower)level N2.)*ased lan!-a!e

17.ist $ive pro*lems in testin! service)oriented systems

Services $rom an eternal provider may chan!e so are not the services ori!inally tested%ynamic service *indin! may mean that the *o-nd service is -npredicata*le

he non)$-nctional *ehavio-r o$ the service may vary $rom time to time *eca-se o$ load

which is o-tside the tester s controlestin! is epensive i$ services are char!ed on a per -se *asis

#ompensatin! actions may *e di$$ic-lt to test

1&hat are the advanta!e o$ eplicitly desi!nin! and doc-mentin! a so$tware

architect-re?

It improves stakeholder comm-nications

It enco-ra!es a detailed analysis o$ the systemIt helps with lar!e)scale re-se

5&hat non)$-nctional re6-irements may *e in$l-enced *y the choice o$ systemarchitect-re?

9er$ormance, sec-rity, sa$ety, availa*ility, maintaina*ility

7.ist $o-r $-ndamental 6-estions that sho-ld *e addressed in architect-ral desi!nIs there

a !eneric application architect-re that can *e -sed?

Cow will the system *e distri*-ted?&hat architect-ral style or styles are appropriate?

Cow sho-ld the system *e str-ct-red?

&hat control strate!y sho-ld *e -sed?

+tc


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8&hat architect-ral models may *e developed?

A static str-ct-ral modelA dynamic process model

An inter$ace model

=elationship modelsA distri*-tion model

>&hat is the $-ndamental characteristic o$ a repository model?All shared data is held in a central data*ase that can *e accessed *y all s-*)systems

HCow is the system or!anised in a client)server model?

A set o$ services is provided *y servers and clients access and -se these services

K&hat are the two principle styles -sed $or mod-lar decomposition?*


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8&hat are the advanta!es o$ inspections over testin!?

Inspections can discover many errors In testin!, one error may mask anotherIncomplete versions o$ a system can *e inspected

Inspections can consider *roader 6-ality attri*-tes as well as pro!ram de$ects

>&hat are the sta!es in the so$tware inspection process?

9lannin!

verviewIndivid-al preparation

Inspection meetin!

=ework

/ollow)-p

H.ist the classes o$ $a-lts that sho-ld *e considered in an inspection checklist%ata$a-lts

#ontrol $a-ltsInp-tGo-tp-t $a-ltsInter$ace $a-lts

Stora!e mana!ement $a-lts

+ception mana!ement $a-lts

K&hat is a-tomated static analysis?

A process where an analysis pro!ram eamines the so-rce code lookin! $or possi*le

anomalies hese are drawn to the inspectors attention as they may represent $a-lts in thepro!ram

R&hat are the main ar!-ment $or the -se o$ $ormal speci$ication and veri$ication?/ormal speci$ication $orces a detailed analysis o$ the re6-irements so reveals errors and

anomalies /ormal veri$ication demonstrates that the pro!ram meets its speci$ication so

implementation errors do not compromise dependa*ility

D&hy do $ormal speci$ication and veri$ication not !-arantee relia*ility?

he speci$ication may not re$lect the real re6-irements o$ -sers

he proo$ may contain errorshe proo$ may ass-me a -sa!e pattern which is incorrect

1E&hat are the $ive key strate!ies -sed in cleanroom development?/ormal speci$ication

Incremental development

Str-ct-red pro!rammin!

Static veri$icationStatistical testin!

1&hat is the distinction *etween application and in$rastr-ct-re sec-rity?


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Application sec-rity the application is desi!ned to resist attacks

In$rastr-ct-re sec-rity the so$tware is con$i!-red to resist attacks

5%e$ine the sec-rity terms v-lnera*ilityand assetAI-lnera*ilityO A weakness in

a comp-ter system that 2AF *e eploited to ca-se loss or harm

AssetO A system reso-rce that has a val-e and so sho-ld *e protected

7&hat is sec-rity risk mana!ement?

Sec-rity risk mana!ement is concerned with assessin! the possi*le losses that mi!htens-e $rom attacks on assets in the system and *alancin! these losses a!ainst the costs o$

sec-rity proced-res that may red-ce the losses

8&hat are the sta!es o$ preliminary risk assessment?Asset identi$icationAsset val-e assessment

+pos-re assessment

hreat identi$icationhreat pro*a*ility assessment

#ontrol identi$ication

/easi*ility assessmentSec-rity re6-irements de$inition

>S-!!est two possi*le v-lnera*ilities when lo!inGpassword a-thentication is -sedUsers

set !-essa*le passwordsA-thorised -sers reveal their passwords to -na-thorised -sers, perhaps thro-!h some

social en!ineerin! process

H&hat $-ndamental iss-es have to *e considered when desi!nin! system architect-re $or

sec-rity?

9rotectionO Cow sho-ld the system *e or!anised so that critical assets can *e protecteda!ainst an eternal attack

%istri*-tionO Cow sho-ld system assets *e distri*-ted so that the e$$ects o$ a s-ccess$-l

attack are minimised

K&hat are the three levels o$ protection that mi!ht *e -sed in an in$ormation system?

9lat$orm)level protection

Application)level protection=ecord)level protection

R.ist $o-r desi!n !-idelines $or sec-re systems en!ineerin!Base sec-rity decisions on

an eplicit sec-rity policyAvoid a sin!le point o$ $ail-re

Use red-ndancy and diversity to red-ce risk

alidate all inp-ts'thers in /i! 7E1E(


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D&hy is it important to desi!n $or deployment?

Beca-se many sec-rity v-lnera*ilities are introd-ced when the system is con$i!-red

$or -se in its deployment environment

1E&hat deployment s-pport may *e incl-ded in a system?

S-pport $or viewin! and analysin! con$i!-rations%e$a-lt privile!e minimisation

#on$i!-ration settin! localisation

+asy ways to $i sec-rity v-lnera*ilities

11&hat are the three complementary strate!ies to achieve s-rviva*ility?

=esistance

=eco!nition=ecovery

15.ist the sta!es in s-rviva*ility analysis=eview system re6-irements and architect-re

Identi$y critical services and componentsIdenti$y attacks and compromisa*le components

Identi$y so$tspots and s-rviva*ility strate!ies

&hich system model is descri*ed in the $ollowin! !raphic?

"[A]%ata)$low models

[B]State machine models[#]#ontet models

[%]*


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S-!!est a most appropriate so$tware process model that mi!ht *e -sed as a *asic $or

mana!in! the developin! o$ the so$tware system that s-pport cate!ori@in! !oods *ased on

cons-mption pattern, trackin! payments $rom the c-stomers"[A]he water$all model

[B]All o$ the others

[#]#omponent)*ased so$tware en!ineerin! model[%]Incremental delivery model

Cow is the system or!ani@ed in a client)server model?[A]A set o$ services is provided *y clients and servers access and -se these services


"[#]0one o$ the others

[%]A set o$ services is provided *y servers and clients access and -se these services

&hich o$ the $ollowin! statements a*o-t the di$$erences *etween inte!ratin! testin! andcomponent testin! are tr-e?

"[A]he inte!ratin! testin! test the res-lt o$ the component while the component testin!test its internal str-ct-re[B]All o$ the others

[#]he inte!ratin! testin! tests the res-lt o$ the component interaction

[%]he component testin! tests the systems !oals that will *e applied to inte!ratin!

system

&hich o$ the $ollowin! statements a*o-t pro


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"[A]r-e

[B]/alse

I$ per$ormance is a critical re6-irement the architect-re sho-ld *e desi!ned to

"[A]locali@e critical operations and minimi@e comm-nications3 -se lar!e rather than $ine)

!rain components[B]All o$ the others

[#]incl-de red-ndant components and mechanisms $or$a-lt tolerance

[%]-se a layered architect-re with critical assets in the inner layers

&hich o$ the $ollowin! does 0 *elon! to important principles o$ a!ile methods?

[A]+m*race chan!e

"[B]9rocess not people[#]Incremental delivery

[%]#-stomer involvement

[+]2aintain simplicity

&hat are the advanta!es o$ eplicitly desi!nin! and doc-mentin! so$tware

architect-re? [A]It improves stakeholder comm-nications"[B]All o$ the others

[#]It enco-ra!es a detailed analysis o$ the system

&hich o$ the $ollowin! statements a*o-t test $irst development are tr-e?"[A]All o$ the others

[B]&hen a system $eat-re is identi$ied, the tests o$ the code implementin! that $eat-re are

written *e$ore the code[#]ests are a-tomated and all tests are r-n when a new increment is added to the system

&hat is the pro*lem that cannot arise when re6-irements are written in nat-ral lan!-a!e?[A].ack o$ clarity

[B]=e6-irement con$-sion

[#]=e6-irement amal!amation

"[%].ack o$ -sers -nderstanda*ility

All o$ the $allowin!s are main *ene$its o$ so$tware re-se +N#+9

[A]Accelerated development"[B]=ed-ce maintenance costs

[#]Increased dependa*ility

[%]=ed-ced process risk[+]+$$ective -se o$ specialists

&hich o$ the $ollowin! statements a*o-t testin! is 0 tr-e?

[A]estin! can only show the presence o$ errors in a pro!ram

"[B]Its !oal is to $i errors o$ the so$tware system


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[#]0one o$ the others

[%]It cannot demonstrate that there are no remainin! $a-lts

&hich o$ the $ollowin! statement a*o-t the two distinct phases o$ system testin! is 0

tr-e?

[A]he release testin! team treat the system as a *lack)*owhile testin![B]0one o$ the others

[#]=elease testin! where the version o$ the system to *e released to -sers is tested

[%]Inte!ration testin! where the components and s-*systems makin! -p the system areinte!rated and tested

"[+]he inte!ration team does 0 have access to the so-rce code o$ the system

&hich o$ the $ollowin! statements a*o-t +nterprise =eso-rce 9lannin! '+=9( systems is0 tr-e?

[A]Speci$ic +=9 systems are created *y con$i!-rin! a !eneric system at development

time with in$ormation a*o-t the c-stomers *-siness

"[B]+nterprise =eso-rce 9lannin! systems are very widely -sed[#]All o$ the others

&hat is the second sta!e o$ risk mana!ement process?

[A]=isk plannin!

[B]=isk monitorin!

"[#]=isk analysis[%]=isk identi$ication

Both the water$all model o$ the so$tware process and the prototypin! model can *eaccommodated in the spiral process model

[A]/alse

"[B]r-e

&hich o$ the $ollowin! is a type o$ so$tware process model that represents the roles o$ the

people involved in the so$tware process and the activities $or which they are responsi*le?

[A]An actor model"[B]An roleGaction model

[#]0one o$ the others

[%]An activity model

&hat does comp-ter science concern with?"[A]#omp-ter science is concerned with theories and methods that -nderlie comp-ters

and so$tware systems

[B]#omp-ter science is concerned with the practicalities o$ developin! and deliverin!

-se$-l so$tware[#]All o$ the others

&hat are incl-ded in a 6-ality plan?[A]he reso-rces and sched-le -sed $or system validation


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"[#]he 6-ality proced-res and standards that sho-ld *e -sed in a pro


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&hat key $actors sho-ld *e considered when plannin! re-se?

"[A]All o$ the others[B]he development sched-le $or the so$tware

[#]he *ack!ro-nd, skills and eperience o$ the development team

[%]he epected so$tware li$etime

Applications $rameworks are collections o$ concrete and a*stract o*


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[B]Sec-rity en!ineerin! $oc-ses on how to develop and maintain so$tware systems that

can resist malicio-s attacks that are intended to dama!e a comp-ter)*ased system or its

data"[#]Sec-rity threats can *e threats to the only con$identiality and inte!rity o$ a system

or its data

[%]Sec-rity risk mana!ement involves assessin! the losses that mi!ht ens-e $rom attackson a system and derivin! sec-rity re6-irements that are aimed at eliminatin! or red-cin!

these losses

All o$ the $ollowin! are sta!es in an o*


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[%]S-pports trans$ormation re-se

All o$ the $allowin!s are the ways that a so$tware prototype may *e -sed +N#+9"[A]o test all $-nctions o$ the completed system

[B]o r-n *ack)to)*ack tests with the implemented system

[#]o eplore so$tware desi!n sol-tions and s-pport -ser inter$ace desi!n[%]o help with the elicitation and validation o$ re6-irements

&hich o$ the $ollowin! is 0 o*


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[%]So$tware system is small, -nclear re6-irements

%omain re6-irements may *e $-nctional or non)$-nctional re6-irements[A]/alse

"[B]r-e

&hat is the *asis o$ sched-le and cost estimates in the etreme pro!rammin!?

[A]he way that the team wo-ld develop the test)$irst

[B]he overall re6-irements that c-stomer provide to the team"[#]he tasks that are *roken down *y the team $rom the scenarios or -ser stories written

cards

[%]he way that the team wo-ld per$orm code re$actorin!

he term #AS+ is the acronym o$

[A]#omp-ter Aided System +n!ineer"[B]#omp-ter)Aided So$tware +n!ineerin!

[#]#omp-tin! A-tomation System +tension

&hich is the $irst sta!e in an o*


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[%]5:;1:;7:;8

*


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[#]Stress testin!

Acceptance testin! will *e done *y[A]%eveloper

[B]9ro

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Key Quiz SE