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KingdomKingdom ProtistaProtista
The “Catchall” KingdomThe “Catchall” Kingdom
Three DivisionsThree Divisions
Animal-like- ProtozoansAnimal-like- Protozoans Plant-like- AlgaePlant-like- Algae Fungus-Like- slime moldsFungus-Like- slime molds
ProtozoansProtozoans
Means “first animal”- evolutionary termMeans “first animal”- evolutionary term Animal-likeAnimal-like MicroscopicMicroscopic Unicellular or colonialUnicellular or colonial Usually motileUsually motile HeterotrophicHeterotrophic Aquatic-ponds, lakes, moist soil, bloodAquatic-ponds, lakes, moist soil, blood Exchange gasses with environmentExchange gasses with environment Reproduce asexually by fissionReproduce asexually by fission
Protozoan ClassificationProtozoan Classification
Classified by Classified by locomotionlocomotion Four PhylumFour Phylum
SarcodinaSarcodina CiliaphoraCiliaphora SporazoaSporazoa ZoomastiginaZoomastigina
Phylum SarcodinaPhylum Sarcodina
Lack of body shapeLack of body shape Flexible plasma membrane surrounding Flexible plasma membrane surrounding
cytoplasmcytoplasm• ectoplasm- just inside membraneectoplasm- just inside membrane• endoplasm- interior of animalendoplasm- interior of animal
Ameboid movement by Ameboid movement by pseudopods- “false foot” pseudopods- “false foot”
• taxes- response to stimulitaxes- response to stimuli
Pseudopod also captures Pseudopod also captures foodfood
Phylum CiliaphoraPhylum Ciliaphora CiliaCilia- hairlike projections - hairlike projections
Propel the organism toward foodPropel the organism toward food Move food toward organismMove food toward organism
Slipper shapeSlipper shape Pellicle- outer coveringPellicle- outer covering MacronucleusMacronucleus Micronucleus- functions during reproductionMicronucleus- functions during reproduction Oral groove- food channelOral groove- food channel Contactile vacuole- star shaped- release excess Contactile vacuole- star shaped- release excess
waterwater Asexual reproduction as well as sexual Asexual reproduction as well as sexual
conjugationconjugation
ReproductionReproduction
Asexual-binary fission- cell divisionAsexual-binary fission- cell division
Sexual- conjugation- alongSexual- conjugation- along
oral grooveoral groove
SporazoansSporazoans
No means of locomotionNo means of locomotion All parasitesAll parasites
Plasmodium falciparum- Plasmodium falciparum- MalariaMalaria
Carried by Carried by Anopheles mosquitoAnopheles mosquito
Plasmodium Life cyclePlasmodium Life cycle
Phylum Zoomastigina Phylum Zoomastigina (Flagellates)(Flagellates)
One or more One or more flagellaflagella Most live in ponds, lakesMost live in ponds, lakes Some live in hosts as a Some live in hosts as a
parasiteparasite Paranema
TrypanosomaTrypanosoma
Carried by Carried by
tse-tse flytse-tse fly Causes Causes
African African
sleeping sleeping
sicknesssickness
Giardia lambliaGiardia lamblia
““hikers disease”hikers disease” May be found in May be found in
crystal clear crystal clear
streamsstreams Boil water for atBoil water for at
least 15 minutesleast 15 minutes ““Beaver Fever”Beaver Fever”
TrichonymphaTrichonympha
Lives in termite gut to Lives in termite gut to
digest wooddigest wood Symbiotic relationshipSymbiotic relationship
AlgaeAlgae Plant-Like ProtistsPlant-Like Protists AutotrophsAutotrophs Benefits-Benefits-
Base of Food Base of Food
ChainChain
Perform 70% ofPerform 70% of
Earth’s photosynthesisEarth’s photosynthesis
Multicellular- Classified by Multicellular- Classified by ColorColor
RED
GREEN- spirogyra
BROWN- kelp
Unicellular Algae- EuglenasUnicellular Algae- Euglenas
Freshwater Freshwater algaealgae
Both Both producer and producer and consumerconsumer
Unicellular Algae- DiatomsUnicellular Algae- Diatoms
More oxygen More oxygen produced than from produced than from any other organismsany other organisms
Many usesMany uses www.http://video.goo
gle.com/videoplay?docid=867362921535089214&ei=rZKdS8bWMYygqQO62t2KDA&q=diatomaceous+earth&hl=en#
Other Algae- Other Algae- DinoflagellatesDinoflagellates
Live in oceanLive in oceanSome cause Some cause
Red TideRed TideSome areSome are bio-bio-
luminescentluminescent
Red TideRed TideOvergrowth of Overgrowth of
algaealgaeProduces Produces
toxins that may toxins that may kill fish and kill fish and sicken peoplesicken people
Karenia brevis (Dr. Karen Steidinger)
Bioluminescent Bioluminescent DinoflagellatesDinoflagellates
Glow when Glow when agitatedagitated
Found in only Found in only a few places a few places in the worldin the world
http://aquamarinediscovery.blogspot.com/2008/10/dinoflagellates-bioluminescent-algae.html
Other AlgaeOther Algae
FragallariaFragallaria
VolvoxVolvox