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NICHOLAS KNODT
EDUCATION
WORK EXPERIENCE
University of VirginiaExpected 2014
Design Education FellowJune 2013 - May 2014
InstructorAugust 2014 - Present
Designer Summer 2014Summer 2013
Designer August 2014 - Present
Teaching AssistantFall 2013 / 2012Spring 2013 / 2012Spring 2013Fall 2012
Special Events Coordinator 2010 - 2011
Virginia Society AIAParticipant 2013
College of WoosterGranted 2010
Harvard UniversityParticipant 2009
[email protected] | 908 Cottage Lane #5A, Charlottesville, VA | 571.643.8244
Master of ArchitectureSchool of Architecture, Charlottesville, VA
University of Virginia School of Architecture Charlottesville, VAInstructor Arch 1030 Foundation Studio I, with Prof. Anselmo Canfora
University of Virginia School of Architecture Charlottesville, VASARC 5555: Workflows, An introduction to the digital communication tools available to designers
DrippsPhinneyStudio | Architecture + Urbanism Batesville, VADeveloped experimental parametric research while preparing schematic designs for a de-tached house addition. Conducted CNC fabrication and material research, led website design.
Studio Ripple Charlottesville, VADeveloped site research & initial schematic design for Cuyahoga Overlooks in Cleveland, OH
University of Virginia School of Architecture Charlottesville, VAArch 2010: Foundation Architectural Design Studio II, Prof. Lucia PhinneyArch 2020: Foundation Architectural Design Studio III, Prof. Manuel Bailo / Prof. Robin DrippsArch 3020 / 4020: Architectural Design Studio, Prof. Robin Dripps, Ghazal AbbasyArch 3020 / 4020: Architectural Design Studio, Architecture Department Chair Iñaki Alday
Art Whino Gallery Oxon Hill, MD Helped run gallery operations and organize events with an average of 1,000 visitors per day
Emerging Leaders in Architecture Honors Academy“Designed to develop future leaders in architecture firms, in communities, and in the profession.” Selected by the department to represent UVA in professional practice workshops.
Bachelor of ArtsWooster, OH. Major: Studio Art (Honors), Minor: Urban Studies
Career Discovery ProgramGraduate School of Design, Cambridge, MA
ACADEMIC HONORS
University of VirginiaSeptember 2014Fall 2014Fall 20142013 - 2014Summer 2013April 2013March 2013Inducted 2013
ASLA Student Honor Award in Communications Awarded for the development of SNACKsThesis Fellowship Significant stipend awarded for thesis research, advisor: Iñaki AldayRaven Society Scholarship Awarded for achievements in scholarship, leadership, and serviceDesign Education Fellowship One year full tuition and significant stipend awardedSarah McArthur Nix Traveling Fellowship Stipend for independent research in ParisArts Council Grant Successfully awarded $7,500 grant for SNACKsVA-ASLA Award of Merit in Student Design SNACK01: Kate OrffRaven Society, Selections Chair “The oldest and most prestigious honorary society at UVA”
College of WoosterMay 2010 May 2010
Donald R. MacKenzie Prize in Art Awarded for excellence in the field of sculptureDepartmental Honors and Thesis Honors: Studio Art
SNACK! AppSeptember 2014
SNACK 03: I am a TreeMay 2014
Lunch 9: In ExcessMay 2014
Lunch 8: Futures for Sites UnknownMay 2013
SNACK 02: Research and PracticeApril 2013
SNACK 01: Design and ActivismSeptember 2013
Editor University of VirginiaSNACK! is an iOS app designed by and developed for LUNCH to share recent interviews
Editor University of VirginiaHighlights discussion and work during a workshop with Francis Hallé and Peter Del Tredici
Advising Editor University of VirginiaLunch 9 explores how we encounter and design for the duality of growth and excess
Editor University of VirginiaLunch 8 tackles the uncharted waters and unsteady ground facing designers, 27 articles included
Editor University of VirginiaHighlights Adam Yarinsky through an interview and essays by Professors Waldman and Somers Editor University of VirginiaHighlights Kate Orff through an interview and essay by Rachel Stevens and Danielle Alexander
NICHOLAS KNODT
PUBLICATIONS
51st IMCL ConferenceJune 2014
RT29: After the SprawlJanuary 2014
Student Representative 2013 - 2014
Chairperson2013 - 2014
Advising Editor2013 - Present
Co-Editor-in-Chief 2012 - 2013
Chairperson2012 - 2013
Catalyst October 2013
2013 Gerald D. Hines Student Urban Design Competition
Volunteer 2003 - 2014
[email protected] | 908 Cottage Lane #5A, Charlottesville, VA | 571.643.8244
Presenter Portland, OR“Real Estate Site Selection Model for Incremental Suburban Redevelopment”
Honorable Mention, Xaveer De Geyter Award University of Virginia“Landfill to Landform: Waste as Community Resource,” co-leader of a 12 member design team
School of Architecture Admissions Committee University of VirginiaSelected by the Department of Architecture as a student representative to the committee
Student Association of Graduate Architects University of VirginiaLead and encourage student-faculty relations. Coordinate school-wide social and academic events for both students and faculty. Collaborate with student organizations throughout UVA. Re-instituted the SARC Faculty / Student Happy Hour Series. Proposed and coordinated the student’s 2012 Faculty Search Committee. Elected as class representative.
LUNCH Design Journal University of VirginiaCoordinate volunteers, budget, calendar, events, submissions, production, and distribution through collaboration with advising and co-editors. Developed new short-run publication initiative, “SNACKs”. Successfully proposed and facilitated the purchase of professional pub-lishing equipment with funding from the School of Architecture’s Dean, Kim Tanzer.
Michael Owen Jones Memorial Lecture Committee University of VirginiaSelected, Organized, and Hosted the MOJ Lecturer, Matthias Hollwich with a $7,500 budget
Contributor New York: ActarWork included in the UVA School of Architecture’s yearly publication
Presidential Research Competition Winner University of Virginia“BRIDGE: Bridging Residents & Innovation to Downtown’s Growing East,” team of five
Habitat for Humanity Various communities across the United StatesAverage duration of one week per year, organized through LPC, Falls Church, VA
EXTRACURRICULARS
Philadelphia Mt.C
Critic: Matthew Jull
The Philadelphia MediaTech Center brings to-gether demand from across the region for high-tech design and innovation services. Organized around the armature of a publicly accessible media center, office and residential programs take advantage of shared space and amenities as well as an active informal public presence.
The site capitalizes on interstitial spaces along the I-95 corridor and Ben Franklyn Bridge, acti-vating undervalued space and reinforcing local transportation networks. The Philadelphia Mt.C. acts as the primary catalyst for the Delaware River Waterfront Corporation as the post I-95 Christopher Columbus Boulevard and industrial waterfront are redeveloped to connect back into Philadelphia.
Included in the ‘13 SARC Yearbook, Catalyst.
Data Center
Pool &Hot Springs
Resturant
Kitchen
Reading Room
Gallery & Bla ck Box Theater
SculptureGarden
Roof Tarrace
cafe
Library Lobby
Flex Work Space
Office Lobby
Game Room
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Location: New York, NYCritic: Phoebe Crisman
Indian Cultural Institute
The Indian Cultural Institute responds to both New York City and the Indian Subcontinent while acting as a learning center and promi-nent civic space. The corner site is at a critical intersection between residential neighborhoods and the gallery districts. Facing the residential towers to the east, the Indian Cultural Institute welcomes the neighborhood to the gallery dis-trict with an open first floor, a tower that echoes the neighborhood’s housing scale and public space intermixed throughout. Responding to architecture throughout India, the Institute develops a dialogue between a permanent armature and lightweight / human scale con-struction. Furthermore, to promote the intense relationship between the human scale, sun and wind found throughout India, the Institute uses shading across the southern walls. N
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Co-Visualization Coordinator, Arch 2010Studio Instructor, Arch 1030
Design Workflow LectureArch 1030 Student Work
1 2 3
materiality / between glass and natural forms
temporality / during varying times of day and temporal conditions
/ the outdoor classroom adjacent to Campbell Hall at the UVa School of Architecture presents a fascinating duality between light, temporality and glass condi-tions. The varying translucent and semi- opaque glass materials react to natural and artificial light, creating a playground of colors at any time of the day. In daylight, blue and white hues shine. At nighttime, deep, dark greens and oranges glow. Occuring in an interesting interaction between the transformations of the appearance of the columns and the reflective glass wall that hides the conference room, we learn that visibility of structure, form and color are dependent on light, as well as the time of day, in a responsive and and con-stantly changing dynamic of built forms.
two enclosures / a cantilever and a drop- ceiling
material and light qualities in the daytime
material and light qualities during the night
panes affected by temporal conditions
plan of critical joint
sections / elevations of a critical joint of the outdoor space
axonometric and hybrid drawing of outdoor classroom space & experiential material conditions
axonometric drawing of the connective joint between the interior and exterior of Campbell Hall / this intersection of glass planes is
affected by light and temporality more than any other area, with the interior glass bookshelves illuminating against the glass
conference room wall, and further alongside the free- standing column.
the unification of material with the built form creates a busy yet unified viewer experience / cement, stone, with dirt, glass and steel.
path and cross- sections
TRANSPARENCIES OF THRESHOLD
IN W. G. CLARK ADDITION
FROSTED GLASS
GLASS
SOLID ELEMENTS
BEFORE W. G. CLARK ADDITION
CONCRETE
THRESHOLD OPENS
TIGHT SPACE
OPEN SPACE
MAJOR THRESHOLD
PATHS OF CIRCULATION
W. G. CLARK ADDITION
EXISTING BUILDING
Primary Design Workflows Nicholas Knodt -------- 10-15-13 --------
PR
ES
EN
T+
TE
ST
DE
SI
GN
+R
EP
EA
T
-or-
-or-
-or-
2d Diagrams
3d Massing
3d Massing
Fabrication
Fabrication
2d Diagrams
IN
TE
RR
OG
AT
IO
NO
FD
AT
A+
CO
NT
EX
T+
CO
NC
EP
T
Fabrication
3d Massing
2d Diagrams
3d Massing
2d Diagrams
2d Diagrams
Fabrication
Fabrication
3d Massing
Digital Visualization: Tool Matrix Nicholas Knodt -------- 10-15-13 --------
Source
Grasshopper3d
Processing
CAD
BIM (Revit, Gen Comp)
Ecotect
Radiance
Diva
Microstation
Open Street Map
ArcGIS
Premiere
Indd
Bridge
VRay
Maxwell
Catia
MasterCAM
Kangaroo
Weaverbird
Karamba
Rhino3d
Ai
Google Earth Pro
Ps
Compile Adapt / Edit Synthesize / OutputAnalyze
FA
BR
IC
AT
E
Produce / Document
CAD
Microstation
BIM (Revit, Gen Comp)Source
Compile / Generate
Construction Documents
Parametric Geometry + Interactions
Analyze
Analyze Present / Document
Digital Visualization: Program Interactions Nicholas Knodt -------- 10-15-13 --------
Fabricate
Processing
Ecotect
Radiance
Diva
Open Street Map
VRay
Maxwell
MasterCAM
3d Printer
Laser Cutter
CNC Routing
Kangaroo
Weaverbird
Karamba
Ai
Google Earth Pro
Data
Ps
Grasshopper3d
ArcGIS
Indd
Rhino3d
As Design Education Fellow I have had the opportunity to work as a Co-Visualization Coordinator for the Arch 2010 studios and as a Studio Instructor for Arch 1030. The work shown on the left represents graphics developed for a visualization workflow lecture which introduced the design potential of interactions between software applications and techniques. The work on the right are examples of my student’s work in the Arch 1030 Foundation Studio I.N
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This school wide design competition asked students to address the unchecked commercial and suburban development along Charlottes-ville’s primary traffic corridor, Route 29. Our team sought to use product waste manage-ment as a spatial and urban catalyst. Trash became a generator of a new urban system driven by a new waste infrastructure to deal with waste locally.
On Route 29, the waste output of the com-mercial strip was stored in place in a linear landfilling strategy that created inhabitable public spaces along the highway while acting as a new source of energy through methane production in the landfill.
In the city fabric around 29, new pockets of density were centered around collection, distribution, storage, and processing of waste. The emergence of neighborhood collection facilities, sorting and processing facilities, and storage and manufacturing facilities became hubs of mixed use commercial activity and public space.
Honorable Mention:Xaveer De Geyter Award
Critics: Xaveer De Geyter, Jorg Sieweke
From Landfill to Landform: Waste as Resource
CORPORATION[PRODUCER]
RESIDENT[CONSUMER]
LANDFILL
MUNICIPALEMPLOYEES
WALMARTNEW HIGH DENSITY RES.
LANDFILL TO LANDFORM LANDFILL TO LANDFORM
RECYCLE CENTER
COMPOST CENTER
TRASH AS WASTE
TRASH AS RESOURCE
CORPORATION[PRODUCER]
RESIDENT WASTE[CONSUMER] AS CATALYST
MUNICIPALEMPLOYEES
PRODUCT
MUNICIPALEMPLOYEES
MUNICIPALEMPLOYEES
COMPLETED MSW LANDFORMS
FACTORIES TO PROCESS RECYCLED MATERIAL
DENSITY INFILL ALONG RT. 29
COMMUNITY COLLECTION CENTERS
COMPOST FACILITY
RECYCLING FACILITY
MSW LANDFORM
STATION ALONG EXISTING RAIL LINE
EXPANDED MSW LANDFORMS
RAIL LINE EXTENSION WITH LOCAL STOPS
MIXED USE DENSITY CLUSTERS AROUND LOCAL STOPS
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Responding to the messy vitality of Old Delhi, India, the culinary institute engages the dynamic built environment which has acted as a defining element throughout the city’s ancient history. Taking advantage of the tension between New and Old Delhi, the site is located at the center of Old Delhi on a primary intersection leading to New Delhi by road and underground metro. The culinary institute also links to a building history of passive cooling, material reuse and economies, layered building additions, and civic engagement.
The primary structure for the institute is a span-ning steel truss with steel rods hanging to hold up a programed space. The truss is supported by steel reinforced concrete friction piles. The steel truss allows for a light structural system for the institute’s programmatic requirements while providing the structure required for the building and Old Delhi’s future development.
Responding to the Delhi’s cultural priorities and expanding on the required program of the culi-nary institute, the design engages the community by developing the public service of rainwater retention and filtration for laundry, bathing, and potable water. This waterfront unites the institute with the dynamic daily life of the local community and provides an invaluable civic resource. Using the cool metro-level basement and evapora-tive cooling the building is passively cooled by ventilation vertically though the building. To further reduce the active cooling loads the west-facing façade is shaded by steel and concrete panels.
Location: Delhi, IndiaCritic: Peter Waldman
Culinary Institute
KITCHENS
FEASTING HALLS
DAILY MARKET
WELL
TO STEPWELL
RESTROOMS + OFFICES
TO METRO
TO METRO+ STEPWELL
From Chawri Bazar | JAN. 26TH NW Entrance | View Into Feasting Halls
Foundation Structure
Steel Truss+ Floor Plates
Roof System
Future Development
Plaza Level
MetroLevel
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One Good Room offers an addition to the UVA art museum while linking it to the School of Architec-ture and greater context of Carrs Hill. It serves as a performance space, sunken sculpture garden, elevated series of walkways and a connection to the underground network of springs and infra-structure imbedded in Carrs Hill.
Location: Charlottesville, VACritic: Peter Waldman
One Good Room
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The southern path of the sun across the Char-lottesville site contributes to large solar heat gain throughout the summer while providing the opportunity for passive heating through-out the winter. In consideration of the harsh summer sun of both Charlottesville and India, a south facing concrete thermal massing is used to maintain a consistent temperature for the gallery spaces below. Furthermore a slanted northern glazing is shaded to minimize summer heat gain and provide shaded spaces for the amphitheater below.
The structural strategy for the building is con-ceived as a set of primary and secondary struc-tural members. The continuous surface acting as roof, walkable pavers, and a sun-screen be-gins with a primary steel frame anchored into a cast-in-place concrete wall while an interlocking system of wood joists is fitted into the structural steel system, thus providing the structure to hold the layered insulation and paving system. The bridge across the amphitheater is also structured with spanning tubular steel members and perpendicular stone pavers.
The primary passive systems designed for this building are the thermal massing for consistent temperatures, solar shading for the slanted north-facing window wall, and an operable vent on the back wall to naturally ventilate the interior spaces.
Critic: John Quale, Peter Waldman
Building Integration Workshop, Synthetic Study of One Good Room
Primary Structure
Secondary Structure
Layers of Material
Solar ShadingNIC
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Critic: Charles Menefee III
Design Development
CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE 1/8”=1’
AXONOMETRIC 1/2”=1’
CRITICAL JOINT 1-1/2”=1’
1st FLOOR PLAN 1/4”=1’
SECTION PERSPECTIVE
2nd FLOOR PLAN 1/4”=1’
1 - Excavation and Adjustment of Existing Wall 2 - Foundation and 1st Floor Load Bearing Walls 3 - Plinth and 2nd Floor Load Bearing Walls 4 - Primary Finishes and Roof Construction 5 - Glazing and Shading Structure
waterproofing
waterproofing
waterproofing
4” perforated drain pipe
1/8” folded stainless steel plate
filter fabric
drip edge
sealant, backer rod and spray foam
drainage mat
2” rigid insulation
Insulation
fastener cast into concrete
fastener bolted into concrete
board
load bearing concrete
rolling door
flashing
reinforced concrete foundation wall
custom steel framing
4’x8’ folded steel plate
steel plate
Look Out, Look Up, and Break Through Design Development, ARCH 7230Nicholas Knodt, MArch 2014
CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE 1/8”=1’
AXONOMETRIC 1/2”=1’
CRITICAL JOINT 1-1/2”=1’
1st FLOOR PLAN 1/4”=1’
SECTION PERSPECTIVE
2nd FLOOR PLAN 1/4”=1’
1 - Excavation and Adjustment of Existing Wall 2 - Foundation and 1st Floor Load Bearing Walls 3 - Plinth and 2nd Floor Load Bearing Walls 4 - Primary Finishes and Roof Construction 5 - Glazing and Shading Structure
waterproofing
waterproofing
waterproofing
4” perforated drain pipe
1/8” folded stainless steel plate
filter fabric
drip edge
sealant, backer rod and spray foam
drainage mat
2” rigid insulation
Insulation
fastener cast into concrete
fastener bolted into concrete
board
load bearing concrete
rolling door
flashing
reinforced concrete foundation wall
custom steel framing
4’x8’ folded steel plate
steel plate
Look Out, Look Up, and Break Through Design Development, ARCH 7230Nicholas Knodt, MArch 2014
CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE 1/8”=1’
AXONOMETRIC 1/2”=1’
CRITICAL JOINT 1-1/2”=1’
1st FLOOR PLAN 1/4”=1’
SECTION PERSPECTIVE
2nd FLOOR PLAN 1/4”=1’
1 - Excavation and Adjustment of Existing Wall 2 - Foundation and 1st Floor Load Bearing Walls 3 - Plinth and 2nd Floor Load Bearing Walls 4 - Primary Finishes and Roof Construction 5 - Glazing and Shading Structure
waterproofing
waterproofing
waterproofing
4” perforated drain pipe
1/8” folded stainless steel plate
filter fabric
drip edge
sealant, backer rod and spray foam
drainage mat
2” rigid insulation
Insulation
fastener cast into concrete
fastener bolted into concrete
board
load bearing concrete
rolling door
flashing
reinforced concrete foundation wall
custom steel framing
4’x8’ folded steel plate
steel plate
Look Out, Look Up, and Break Through Design Development, ARCH 7230Nicholas Knodt, MArch 2014
CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE 1/8”=1’
AXONOMETRIC 1/2”=1’
CRITICAL JOINT 1-1/2”=1’
1st FLOOR PLAN 1/4”=1’
SECTION PERSPECTIVE
2nd FLOOR PLAN 1/4”=1’
1 - Excavation and Adjustment of Existing Wall 2 - Foundation and 1st Floor Load Bearing Walls 3 - Plinth and 2nd Floor Load Bearing Walls 4 - Primary Finishes and Roof Construction 5 - Glazing and Shading Structure
waterproofing
waterproofing
waterproofing
4” perforated drain pipe
1/8” folded stainless steel plate
filter fabric
drip edge
sealant, backer rod and spray foam
drainage mat
2” rigid insulation
Insulation
fastener cast into concrete
fastener bolted into concrete
board
load bearing concrete
rolling door
flashing
reinforced concrete foundation wall
custom steel framing
4’x8’ folded steel plate
steel plate
Look Out, Look Up, and Break Through Design Development, ARCH 7230Nicholas Knodt, MArch 2014
Daylight analysis was used to investigate four primary design principles throughout the design process of the Design Development project in Richmond, VA. Early design development uncov-ered harnessed daylight analysis in three primary ways. First, overshadowing analysis was used in conjunction with radiance analysis to investigate the effects of the existing walls on the site, con-cluding to raise the primary program onto a plinth. Second, radiance analysis was used to assist making decisions about the orientation of the primary glazing system of the assembly hall, leading to an optimized north orientation. Third, radiance analysis was used to develop the size and depth of the secondary glazing system around the roof edge of the assembly hall. As seen in figure-2 this secondary glazing system brings dappled light into the space throughout the day.
The primary space studied through this process is the assembly hall with target occupancy of 60 people standing and 25 sitting. The illuminance targets for the primary assembly hall ranges from 100-300 lux, accommodating for program ranging from casual dining to non-digital presentations. This assembly hall employs two primary glazing systems. First, the room extends through the existing walls, opening to the north-facing public throughway to bring dappled north light into the space. Second, the roof has a slope to bounce light off of a light shelf and disperse it throughout the room. At the top of this 25’ high roof a window and vent creates a stack effect between the two glazing systems and brings diffuse into the room light throughout the day. Furthermore, the south-facing wall is designed as 3’ thick to filter glare and bounce light onto the ceiling structure, a technique supported by the LBNL Tips for Daylighting. These two glazing systems have a effective illuminance while maintaining a low wintow-to-wall ratio of 23%, well below the target ratios sug-gested by Barbara Horwitz-Bennett’s “A Balancing Act.”
The three other spaces are 5 person gathering rooms on the first floor of the structure with north-facing glazing and illuminance targets set at 300. Throughout all experiments an outer skin of perforated aluminum over the entirety of the site is approximated with a perforated plane with 40% transmittance. The daylight targets were assisted with three further approaches to har-ness daylighting. First to create a dappled yet evenly distributed light across the site, between the existing walls, a system of recycled stainless steel plates was used to bounce and redirect light throughout the space. Second, material choices, seen in figure-1, fostered reflectance to bring light down below the plinth and bounce throughout the primary meeting hall. Finally, the primary meeting space on the plinth has glazing access throughout the day. As seen through-out figures 3 through 5, glare is not a primary concern except for in the exterior space (figure 4) on the raised plinth. To counteract visual discomfort caused by moving from this bright exterior space to the evenly lit interior space, a stainless steel shade covers the entrance to the gath-ering hall. According to Daylight Design of Buildings this transitional space is necessary in re-ducing the visual discomfort caused from glare. To take advantage of the structural system, low daylight values and low target illuminace in the center of the space below the plinth is primary circulation space with artificial lighting surrounding the columnar structure.
RecycledStainless Steel (28 lrv)Stainless Steel (53 lrv)
Stainless SteelPlates (35 lrv)
Double PaneGlazing
Overshadowing at Plinth
Figure - 2Figure - 1
Figure - 3
Figure - 4
Figure - 5
Overshadowing at Grade
Look out, look up and break through
Wood Flooring (33 lrv) Structural ColumnWith Lighting System
Existing Concrete Walls (28 lrv)Concrete Walls (36 lrv) Gravel (37 lrv)
April 1st, 2p, Sunny Conditions. Floor 1, Floor 2.
December 22, Design Sky. Floor 1, Floor 2.
September 22, 2p, Sunny Conditions. Floor 1, Floor 2.
Daylight analysis was used to investigate four primary design principles throughout the design process of the Design Development project in Richmond, VA. Early design development uncov-ered harnessed daylight analysis in three primary ways. First, overshadowing analysis was used in conjunction with radiance analysis to investigate the effects of the existing walls on the site, con-cluding to raise the primary program onto a plinth. Second, radiance analysis was used to assist making decisions about the orientation of the primary glazing system of the assembly hall, leading to an optimized north orientation. Third, radiance analysis was used to develop the size and depth of the secondary glazing system around the roof edge of the assembly hall. As seen in figure-2 this secondary glazing system brings dappled light into the space throughout the day.
The primary space studied through this process is the assembly hall with target occupancy of 60 people standing and 25 sitting. The illuminance targets for the primary assembly hall ranges from 100-300 lux, accommodating for program ranging from casual dining to non-digital presentations. This assembly hall employs two primary glazing systems. First, the room extends through the existing walls, opening to the north-facing public throughway to bring dappled north light into the space. Second, the roof has a slope to bounce light off of a light shelf and disperse it throughout the room. At the top of this 25’ high roof a window and vent creates a stack effect between the two glazing systems and brings diffuse into the room light throughout the day. Furthermore, the south-facing wall is designed as 3’ thick to filter glare and bounce light onto the ceiling structure, a technique supported by the LBNL Tips for Daylighting. These two glazing systems have a effective illuminance while maintaining a low wintow-to-wall ratio of 23%, well below the target ratios sug-gested by Barbara Horwitz-Bennett’s “A Balancing Act.”
The three other spaces are 5 person gathering rooms on the first floor of the structure with north-facing glazing and illuminance targets set at 300. Throughout all experiments an outer skin of perforated aluminum over the entirety of the site is approximated with a perforated plane with 40% transmittance. The daylight targets were assisted with three further approaches to har-ness daylighting. First to create a dappled yet evenly distributed light across the site, between the existing walls, a system of recycled stainless steel plates was used to bounce and redirect light throughout the space. Second, material choices, seen in figure-1, fostered reflectance to bring light down below the plinth and bounce throughout the primary meeting hall. Finally, the primary meeting space on the plinth has glazing access throughout the day. As seen through-out figures 3 through 5, glare is not a primary concern except for in the exterior space (figure 4) on the raised plinth. To counteract visual discomfort caused by moving from this bright exterior space to the evenly lit interior space, a stainless steel shade covers the entrance to the gath-ering hall. According to Daylight Design of Buildings this transitional space is necessary in re-ducing the visual discomfort caused from glare. To take advantage of the structural system, low daylight values and low target illuminace in the center of the space below the plinth is primary circulation space with artificial lighting surrounding the columnar structure.
RecycledStainless Steel (28 lrv)Stainless Steel (53 lrv)
Stainless SteelPlates (35 lrv)
Double PaneGlazing
Overshadowing at Plinth
Figure - 2Figure - 1
Figure - 3
Figure - 4
Figure - 5
Overshadowing at Grade
Look out, look up and break through
Wood Flooring (33 lrv) Structural ColumnWith Lighting System
Existing Concrete Walls (28 lrv)Concrete Walls (36 lrv) Gravel (37 lrv)
April 1st, 2p, Sunny Conditions. Floor 1, Floor 2.
December 22, Design Sky. Floor 1, Floor 2.
September 22, 2p, Sunny Conditions. Floor 1, Floor 2.
Daylight analysis was used to investigate four primary design principles throughout the design process of the Design Development project in Richmond, VA. Early design development uncov-ered harnessed daylight analysis in three primary ways. First, overshadowing analysis was used in conjunction with radiance analysis to investigate the effects of the existing walls on the site, con-cluding to raise the primary program onto a plinth. Second, radiance analysis was used to assist making decisions about the orientation of the primary glazing system of the assembly hall, leading to an optimized north orientation. Third, radiance analysis was used to develop the size and depth of the secondary glazing system around the roof edge of the assembly hall. As seen in figure-2 this secondary glazing system brings dappled light into the space throughout the day.
The primary space studied through this process is the assembly hall with target occupancy of 60 people standing and 25 sitting. The illuminance targets for the primary assembly hall ranges from 100-300 lux, accommodating for program ranging from casual dining to non-digital presentations. This assembly hall employs two primary glazing systems. First, the room extends through the existing walls, opening to the north-facing public throughway to bring dappled north light into the space. Second, the roof has a slope to bounce light off of a light shelf and disperse it throughout the room. At the top of this 25’ high roof a window and vent creates a stack effect between the two glazing systems and brings diffuse into the room light throughout the day. Furthermore, the south-facing wall is designed as 3’ thick to filter glare and bounce light onto the ceiling structure, a technique supported by the LBNL Tips for Daylighting. These two glazing systems have a effective illuminance while maintaining a low wintow-to-wall ratio of 23%, well below the target ratios sug-gested by Barbara Horwitz-Bennett’s “A Balancing Act.”
The three other spaces are 5 person gathering rooms on the first floor of the structure with north-facing glazing and illuminance targets set at 300. Throughout all experiments an outer skin of perforated aluminum over the entirety of the site is approximated with a perforated plane with 40% transmittance. The daylight targets were assisted with three further approaches to har-ness daylighting. First to create a dappled yet evenly distributed light across the site, between the existing walls, a system of recycled stainless steel plates was used to bounce and redirect light throughout the space. Second, material choices, seen in figure-1, fostered reflectance to bring light down below the plinth and bounce throughout the primary meeting hall. Finally, the primary meeting space on the plinth has glazing access throughout the day. As seen through-out figures 3 through 5, glare is not a primary concern except for in the exterior space (figure 4) on the raised plinth. To counteract visual discomfort caused by moving from this bright exterior space to the evenly lit interior space, a stainless steel shade covers the entrance to the gath-ering hall. According to Daylight Design of Buildings this transitional space is necessary in re-ducing the visual discomfort caused from glare. To take advantage of the structural system, low daylight values and low target illuminace in the center of the space below the plinth is primary circulation space with artificial lighting surrounding the columnar structure.
RecycledStainless Steel (28 lrv)Stainless Steel (53 lrv)
Stainless SteelPlates (35 lrv)
Double PaneGlazing
Overshadowing at Plinth
Figure - 2Figure - 1
Figure - 3
Figure - 4
Figure - 5
Overshadowing at Grade
Look out, look up and break through
Wood Flooring (33 lrv) Structural ColumnWith Lighting System
Existing Concrete Walls (28 lrv)Concrete Walls (36 lrv) Gravel (37 lrv)
April 1st, 2p, Sunny Conditions. Floor 1, Floor 2.
December 22, Design Sky. Floor 1, Floor 2.
September 22, 2p, Sunny Conditions. Floor 1, Floor 2.
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2013 Gerald D. Hines Student Urban Design Competition
B.R.I.D.G.E.
BRIDGEbringing residents & innovation to downtown’s growing east
ESTABLISH circulation hierarchy for multi-modal transportation.
ALIGN Portland Ave with the Armory for pedestrian boulevard.
PERFORATE grid for human scale connections.
STITCH neighborhood with vibrant public & green spaces.
PERFORMINGbuildings & landscapes
VIBRANTplaces for residents & fans
6 LEEDTM Silver buildings9 green roofs968 trees >410,000 ft2 pervious surface
Armory becomes LEEDTM startup incubator, flex work, & event and exhibition space
1 Tech Magnet School
Live/work & mixed-income housing100,000 ft2 affordable retail
Tailgating on Portland Ave. AlléeNew public spaces throughoutLive, Work, Play 24 / 7Bike Paths connect to regional trails
INNOVATIVEneighborhood amenities
NEIGHBORHOOD AS NEXUS
CONCEPTUAL MOVES
connecting greater regionconnecting within the neighborhood connecting Minneapolis
University
Twins Stadium
Mississippi River
NicolletMall
North Loop
Downtown
Guthrie Theatre
Elliot Park
Marcy-Holmes
Central Line LRT
Central Line LRT
Stone Arch Bridge
Bike Parking
2-Way Bike Lanes River ParkwayBike Trail
Hiawatha Line LRT
1 2
3 4
00
50’1000’ 0 5000’
Portland Street looking South towards 5th Street and the Armory
“Dog, I’m glad you can come to work with me at the
new office in The Armory”
“I hope the Vikings win the Super Bowl this year.”
“After our show at the Guthrie, we can walk down to this cool restaurant by the stadium.”
current Portland Ave. view
548548548548548
282
501
514514
455455 274274
270270
0 50’
A PLAN to bridge the gap
vehicular circulation & parking permeable paving & green spaceland use
Parking Garages
Pedestrian Only
2-Way Street
0 50’ 0 50’
Parking
School
Hotel
Retail (Market / Affordable
For Sale Housing (Market)
Rental Housing (Market / Affordable)
Office / Commercial
NS Section Looking East 1”=50’
2
34 5
67
8
1
Proposed Vikings Football Stadium
Mississippi River
Gold Medal Park
Mill City Museum
Chi
cago
Ave
S.
Park
Ave
S. Po
rtlan
d Av
e
5th
Ave
S.
Washington Ave S
S 3rd St
S 4th St
S 5th St
S 6th St
S 7th St
To S
tone
Arc
h Pe
dest
rian
Brid
ge
The Guthrie Theater
RemovedNon-historicAdditions
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
2. Portland St Parks
7. Bars & Retail
1. Live / Work Courts
5. Hotel
9. Community Garden8. Downtown East Tech Magnet
3. Cinema & Gym4. Green Roof
10. Hiawatha Rail Trail trailhead11. Armory Park
6. TV Studios
12. Cafe & Affordable Retail13. Pedestrian-Only 5th Street14. Star Tribune Office15. Hiawatha / Central LRT Station16. The Armory
Building Orientation Protects Against NW Winter Winds
Intimate Public Spaces to Encourage Walkability in All Seasons
Integrated Residential, Retail, & Flex Office to Support a Live/Work Environment
Arcade Cutouts in New Buildings to Protect Pedestrians from Climate
S 3rd St.
Retail Retail/ Flex Office
Parking
For Sale For Rent
S 4th St.
Office
Retail
Courtyards with Permeable Paving & Bioswale Accent Plantings
PE
RFO
RM
ING
INN
OV
AT
IVE
VIB
RA
NT
0 500’
0 100’
BUILDING THE BRIDGE phasing and finance
full build out
phase 0
phase 1
phase 2
phase 3
2013-14
2015
2018
2021
Phase one creates a complete community, attracting residents and the small businesses that make a neighborhood thrive. The renovation of the Armory will draw young, innovative companies and events. Affordable retail opportunities allow for neighborhood services.0
5
10
15
20
25
Con
stru
cted
Bui
ldin
g Ty
pe (m
illio
ns s
q ft)
Phase two includes the strategic delivery of a hotel to capitalize on the recently built stadium. The community will be strengthened through our $12.5 million donation to develop a Magnet school.0
5
10
15
20
25
Con
stru
cted
Bui
ldin
g Ty
pe (m
illio
ns s
q ft)
Phase 3 includes our largest stock of for-sale housing, allowing residents to invest in Downtown East while planting roots for their families, & lays the foundation for further development beyond year 10.0
5
10
15
20
25
Con
stru
cted
Bui
ldin
g Ty
pe (m
illio
ns s
q ft)
Parking
School
Hotel
Retail (Market / Affordable
For Sale Housing (Market)
Rental Housing (Market / Affordable)
Office / Commercial
Inner Block Looking South Toward Armory
Gold Medal Park
Exposed Southern Plazas to Sun
Green Roof Systems & Rainwater Collection into Cisterns
Replace 3rd Car Lane with 2-Way Bike Lanes, Separated with Bioswale Buffer All New Offices LEED Silver Certified
Office
Retail
S 5th St.
THE ARMORY
S 6th St. S 7 th St.
Diverse Activity in Public Plaza Increasing Connections
Street Closed to Car Traffic, Open to Light Rail, Pedestrian, & Bike Passage
LEED Silver Redevelopment of the Armory into a Mixed-Used Structure Supporting a Diversity of Events and Uses
Office
For Rent
RetailOffice
InstitutionalRetail
Development Costs LEED Value Added
Total $ 934 mil
Phase 3$ 290 mil
Phase 2$ 287 mil
Phase 1$ 356 mil
IRR Sensitivity Exit Cap RatesOffice Cap Rate
Re
tail
Ca
p R
ate 17.3% 6.3% 6.5% 7.0% 7.3% 7.5%
5.0% 20.0% 19.4% 18.3% 17.9% 17.4%
5.3% 19.4% 18.8% 17.8% 17.3% 16.9%
5.5% 18.9% 18.3% 17.3% 16.9% 16.4%
5.8% 18.5% 17.9% 16.9% 16.4% 16.0%
6.0% 18.1% 17.5% 16.5% 16.0% 15.6%
$12.3 millioncost savings over 10 years
$53.9 millionvalue added at sale
Financial SummaryCurrent Site Value $122,522,791 Projected Site Value (2024) $1,402,899,734 Net Present Value (10% Discount Rate) $23,757,981 Unleveraged IRR 10.6%Leveraged IRR 17.3%Cap Rate (Blended) 6.7%
Debt Structure (Weighted Average)Construction Loan to Cost 75%Construction Loan Interest Rate 7.3%Permanent Loan To Value 66%Permanent Loan Interest Rate 4.25%
“me: I love my new apart-ment in Downtown East!Dave: I bet. That neighbor-hood has such a cool vibe.”“I’m starting this new com-pany in the Armory.”“That’s awesome. My class is going there on Tues. for a workshop.”
“After run: walk down Port-land for groceries, dry clean-ers, and coffee date.”
I should get out of down-town. This is so urban, but accessible
BUILDING THE BRIDGE phasing and finance
full build out
phase 0
phase 1
phase 2
phase 3
2013-14
2015
2018
2021
Phase one creates a complete community, attracting residents and the small businesses that make a neighborhood thrive. The renovation of the Armory will draw young, innovative companies and events. Affordable retail opportunities allow for neighborhood services.0
5
10
15
20
25
Con
stru
cted
Bui
ldin
g Ty
pe (m
illio
ns s
q ft)
Phase two includes the strategic delivery of a hotel to capitalize on the recently built stadium. The community will be strengthened through our $12.5 million donation to develop a Magnet school.0
5
10
15
20
25
Con
stru
cted
Bui
ldin
g Ty
pe (m
illio
ns s
q ft)
Phase 3 includes our largest stock of for-sale housing, allowing residents to invest in Downtown East while planting roots for their families, & lays the foundation for further development beyond year 10.0
5
10
15
20
25
Con
stru
cted
Bui
ldin
g Ty
pe (m
illio
ns s
q ft)
Parking
School
Hotel
Retail (Market / Affordable
For Sale Housing (Market)
Rental Housing (Market / Affordable)
Office / Commercial
Inner Block Looking South Toward Armory
Gold Medal Park
Exposed Southern Plazas to Sun
Green Roof Systems & Rainwater Collection into Cisterns
Replace 3rd Car Lane with 2-Way Bike Lanes, Separated with Bioswale Buffer All New Offices LEED Silver Certified
Office
Retail
S 5th St.
THE ARMORY
S 6th St. S 7 th St.
Diverse Activity in Public Plaza Increasing Connections
Street Closed to Car Traffic, Open to Light Rail, Pedestrian, & Bike Passage
LEED Silver Redevelopment of the Armory into a Mixed-Used Structure Supporting a Diversity of Events and Uses
Office
For Rent
RetailOffice
InstitutionalRetail
Development Costs LEED Value Added
Total $ 934 mil
Phase 3$ 290 mil
Phase 2$ 287 mil
Phase 1$ 356 mil
IRR Sensitivity Exit Cap RatesOffice Cap Rate
Re
tail
Ca
p R
ate 17.3% 6.3% 6.5% 7.0% 7.3% 7.5%
5.0% 20.0% 19.4% 18.3% 17.9% 17.4%
5.3% 19.4% 18.8% 17.8% 17.3% 16.9%
5.5% 18.9% 18.3% 17.3% 16.9% 16.4%
5.8% 18.5% 17.9% 16.9% 16.4% 16.0%
6.0% 18.1% 17.5% 16.5% 16.0% 15.6%
$12.3 millioncost savings over 10 years
$53.9 millionvalue added at sale
Financial SummaryCurrent Site Value $122,522,791 Projected Site Value (2024) $1,402,899,734 Net Present Value (10% Discount Rate) $23,757,981 Unleveraged IRR 10.6%Leveraged IRR 17.3%Cap Rate (Blended) 6.7%
Debt Structure (Weighted Average)Construction Loan to Cost 75%Construction Loan Interest Rate 7.3%Permanent Loan To Value 66%Permanent Loan Interest Rate 4.25%
“me: I love my new apart-ment in Downtown East!Dave: I bet. That neighbor-hood has such a cool vibe.”“I’m starting this new com-pany in the Armory.”“That’s awesome. My class is going there on Tues. for a workshop.”
“After run: walk down Port-land for groceries, dry clean-ers, and coffee date.”
I should get out of down-town. This is so urban, but accessible
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ville
, V
A
| 5
71.6
43.8
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The BRIDGE proposes a vibrant, diverse, and sustainable neighborhood in Minneapolis’ Down-town East that will stitch existing urban fabric and catalyze future development in Minneapolis. A performative, sustainable neighborhood for Minneapolis will appeal to a young, entrepreneur-ial demographic moving to the city. Multi-modal circulation is reinforced with connections to the stone arch bridge, Hiawatha rail trail and the larger Grand Rounds trail system. All residences will be within a 10-minute walk of the Metrodome transit station. A network of inner-block courtyards provides a human-scaled public realm with sea-sonally amenable microclimates.
Downtown East will be a vibrant neighborhood with changing centers of activity and a unique rhythm of living. Offices, local retail, and the school support daily activities. Large events at the Vikings stadium will attract visitors into the eastern edge of the neighborhood. Public spaces such as Armory Park and Portland Ave. Vibrancy also results from diversity that is encouraged through affordable housing and the magnet school. As Minneapolis decides how to position itself within a global economy, it must compete for workers and jobs alike. The BRIDGE proposes a development that would bring both to downtown.
Design completed with: Danielle Alexander, Harri-ette Jameson, and James Moore.