Kouki Matsuse Professor Meiji University, Japan Fellow, IEEJ & IEEE IPEC-Hiroshima Invited Speech...
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Kouki Matsuse Professor Meiji University, Japan Fellow, IEEJ & IEEE IPEC-Hiroshima Invited Speech 2014. 5. 19 1/34 Contributions of Japan to Power Electronics
Kouki Matsuse Professor Meiji University, Japan Fellow, IEEJ
& IEEE IPEC-Hiroshima Invited Speech 2014. 5. 19 1/34
Contributions of Japan to Power Electronics and Motor Drive Systems
Overview Brief History of IPEC Power Electronics and Drive
Technologies in Japan Future Trends of Power Electronics and
Drives
Slide 2
1964 First high-speed railway Shinkansen using DC drive with
diode rectifiers began operation in Japan 1964 Electric vehicle
Electrovair1 using IM drive of thyristor inverter with Silver-Zinc
Battery was introduce by GM 2 A few significant events in global
history of power electronics and drives 1953 Prof. Kawamura was
born in Yamaguchi, Japan! 1. Brief History of IPEC 1879 2.2kW
electric locomotive drew 3 coaches in Berlin industrial exposition
as the first electric rail 1881 First electric vehicle with a
rechargeable battery as power source was introduced 1891
--Ward-Leonard speed control was introduced 1948 --Transistor was
invented at Bell Labs 1956-1957 --Power diode and thyristor(SCR)
was introduced by GE 1961 --Impulse-commutated inverter was
introduced 1964 --Principles of Inverter Circuit was published
(almost all AC drive main circuit topologies using thyristors were
introduced)
Slide 3
1969 --Dissertation on dynamic speed controlled drive was
introduced by Dr. Hasse 1971 --Flux detecting vector control was
introduced by Siemens 1974 PWM technique for single-phase converter
in rail application was introduced in Germany 1975 --Giant
transistor GTR was commercialized in Japan 1978 --Power MOSFET was
introduced 1980 --High-power GTOs were commercialized in Japan 1981
--3 level inverter was introduced 1987 --IGBT was commercialized in
Japan 1996- First mass-produced and purpose-designed electric
vehicle was introduced by General Motors. (Prototype in 1990) 1997
Hybrid electric vehicle PRIUS was commercialized by TOYOTA 2009
Electric vehicle i-MiEV was commercialized by Mitsubishi Motors
2012 Large-capacity SiC diode was introduced in rail application of
Japan 3 A few significant events in global history of power
electronics and drives 1. Brief History of IPEC
Slide 4
Japanese Attendees in Major P.E. Conferences in the 1970s *An
important milestone. 1. Brief History of IPEC Prof. R.G.Hoft
proposed to hold the P.E. Intr. conference in Japan. Dr. E. Reimers
was the general chair and host scientist of this conference. 4
1977*
Slide 5
A Commemorative International Event The US-Japan Cooperative
Science Seminar on Analysis and Design in Power Electronics Nov.
25-29, 1981 International Conference Center, Kobe, Japan Sessions
General analysis of power electronics, Simulation of power
electronics Analysis and design of static converters Analysis and
design of motor drives, and Workshop on microprocessor application
in power electronics with 29 separate papers. 1. Brief History of
IPEC 5
Slide 6
US participants Richard G. Hoft John G. Kassakian Thomas A.
Lipo Donald W. Novotny Robert D. Middlebrook Thomas G. Wilson U. S.
Observers Laszlo Gyugyi William McMurray B. J. Min Third Country
Observers Sashi B. Dewan Klemens Heumann US Members of the Seminar
1. Brief History of IPEC 6/34
Slide 7
Japanese Members of the Seminar Japanese participants Tung Hai
Chin Yasuhiko Dote Hiromasa Haneda Kosuke Harada Fumio Harashima
Tagao Hirasa Toru Maruhashi Takuro Mochizuki Yoshishige Murakami
Akira Nabae Noriaki Sato Yuzuru Tsunehiro Japanese observers
Yoshihisa Hirane Yoshitaka Ikeda Kenzo Kamiyama Yasuo Miki Mutsuo
Nakaoka Eiichi Ohno Yukio Takeda Hiroshi Watanabe 1. Brief History
of IPEC 7
Slide 8
8 IPEC-Tokyo 1983 1. Brief History of IPEC
Slide 9
9
Slide 10
10 1. Brief History of IPEC IPEC-Tokyo 1990
Slide 11
11 1. Brief History of IPEC
Slide 12
12 1. Brief History of IPEC
Slide 13
13 1. Brief History of IPEC
Slide 14
1995: in Yokohama T.A.Lipo,Converter Fed Motors; A New Family
of Electrical Machines K.Imai, Power Electronics strives to be
friendly to the Environment 14 1983: in Tokyo S.Saba,Electric
Challenges for Innovation in Industrial and Social Systems
R.G.Hoft,Power Electronics: Historical Review Present Status and
Future Prospect 1. Brief History of IPEC Keynote Speech 1990: in
Tokyo E.Ohno,The Semiconductor Evolution in Japan-A Four Decade
Long Maturity Thriving to an Indispensable Social Standing
K.Heumann,Power Electronics-State of the Art M.Nishihara,Power
Electronics Diversity
Slide 15
15 1. Brief History of IPEC Painted by Prof. M.Matsui
Slide 16
1. Brief History of IPEC 16
Slide 17
17/34 1. Brief History of IPEC
Slide 18
18 1. Brief History of IPEC
Slide 19
19 1. Brief History of IPEC
Slide 20
20 1. Brief History of IPEC
Slide 21
2010: in Sapporo E.Masada,Railway Technologies in the Next
Decade and Power Electronics G.Snitchler,Progress on High
Temperature Superconductor Propulsion Motors and Direct Drive
Generators P.K.Steimer,Enabled by High Power Electronics- Energy
Efficiency, Renewables and Smart Grid 21 1. Brief History of IPEC
Keynote Speech 2000: in Tokyo Y.Kaya,Response Strategies for Global
Warming and the Role of Power Technologies H.Stemmler,State of the
Art and Future Trends in High Power Electronics
L.Gyugyi,Converter-based FACTS Technology: Electric Power
Transmission in the 21 st Century 2005: in Niigata T.Fukao,Energy
Environment and Power Electronics J.G.Kassakian, Innovation,
Technology and Power Electronics L.Lorenz,Power Semiconductors
State of the Art and Future Development
Slide 22
22 Japanese Foreigners Sessions Participants Year Sessions
Sessions and participants of IPECs 1. Brief History of IPEC
Slide 23
JEMA: The Japan Electrical Manufacturers' Association No. of
Units (Million) JEMA DataEstimated - General purpose ac motor
drives - up to 75kW IPEC Tokyo IPEC Tokyo IPEC Yokohama IPEC Tokyo
IPEC Niigata IPEC Sapporo Practical applications of technologies
growth of industry. Road to the Worldwide Events 1. Brief History
of IPEC 23
Slide 24
24 2 Power Electronics and Drive Technologies in Japan
2014
Slide 25
Flux control based on slip frequency type vector control (1978)
Neutral-Point-Clamped PWM inverter (1981) PWM control applying
instantaneous space voltage vector (1983) PWM control to make
maximum sinusoidal line to line voltage (1983) Quick response
torque and flux control of IM (1985) Signal injection method for
estimating two parameters simultaneously(1993) 25 2. Power
Electronics and Drive Technologies in Japan Some New Technologies
from Japan
Slide 26
26/34 2 Power Electronics and Drive Technologies in Japan
Series 300 Power Converter Length 3250mm Width 2400mm S. 700 2200mm
3200mm S. N700 S. N700A 2180mm 3250mm 1630mm 3250mm The weight of
Series 300 is set to 100 100 80 60 40 20 0 Series 300 700 N700
N700A Traction converter weight comparison Transition of Traction
Converters in Shinkansen by Dr. K.Sato, JR Central 1990 1997 2007
GTO IGBT 1,120kg
Slide 27
Future Needs 27 1)Requirement for high efficiency, fewer
resources, high packaging density, and lower cost power electronics
and drive systems. 2) Pursuit for high reliability of the whole
drive system requires sensor-less control of not only speed sensor
but also other sensors as the intrinsic solution. 3)Advancing SiC
and GaN based power conversion technologies for high efficiency and
high temperature operation. 4) Major factors for riding comfort are
loudness, vibration, EMI noise and so on. These drive systems must
control such factors within a permissible range for comfort of
passengers. 5) In transportation applications, smooth acceleration
and deceleration, sufficient starting torque, re-adhesion control
against slips, and coasting operations are necessary. 2. Power
Electronics and Drive Technologies in Japan
Slide 28
28/36 Power Electronics for More Electric Aircraft 3. Future
Trends of Power Electronics and Drives K. Rajashekara, Converging
Technologies, SAE Power Systems, 2010, Power Optimized Aircraft
http://www.terrafugia.com/
Slide 29
29 Boat Length* Beam* Depth :10.00* 2.30* 1.20 [m] Weight :1.3
[ton] Speed :12 [knots] Crew :12 Electricity Battery capacity :26
[kWh] Motor maximum speed :6,480 [min-1] Motor rated power :45 [kW]
Motor maximum power :80 [kW] Motor maximum torque :200 [Nm]
RAICHO-I Specifications Plug-In Electric boat RAICHO-I Electrical
system diagram Referred by Tokyo University of Marine Science and
Technology 3. Future Trends of Power Electronics and Drives Plug-in
Electric Boat by Dr. H. Hara, Yasukawa Elec.
Slide 30
Future standardization landscape Facing future trends in TC 22
- a discussion INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION Holger
Laible Chairman IEC SC 22E Version: 2013-09-27 Technical Trends
*Increased appearance of power electronics *More power electronics
in the grid (less rotating mass) *Increased importance of grid
codes *Functional Safety for power electronics *Security of systems
(to be discussed) *Environmental aspects (e.g. Energy Efficiency
and CO2) *Merging of functions from different products in one
system 3. Future Trends of Power Electronics and Drives Lots of
merged products What product category is it? 30
Slide 31
Example for future standards architecture Page 31 3. Future
Trends of Power Electronics and Drives
Slide 32
Challenges Renewal of structures Larger working groups
Achieving speed Changing mindsets Changed responsibility of
subcommittees 32/34 Changes Overhauled standardization landscape
*More requirements in group standards, less requirements in product
standards. *Product standards use group standards as reference
document. *Addition of further group standards based on specific
topics like: EMC / EMF Grid connection Functional Safety......
*Movement towards topic experts, rather product specialists ? 3.
Future Trends of Power Electronics and Drives
Slide 33
33 Background * The big theme is the reduction of power
consumption and diversification of power generation sources. *The
2nd motivation is a measure against a big blackout that could come
just after a major disaster. IEC TC22 NWIP of bi-directional grid
connected power converter The Japanese National Committee for IEC
TC 22, 2013-09-27, 2014.1.30 Object *In order to optimize the power
consumption of a home, it is necessary to combine a generator with
a storage unit to control optimally. *For stable growth of a
market, extendibility, and compatibility, energy conservation is
important. Product certification based on new standard will advance
the development. 3. Future Trends of Power Electronics and
Drives
Slide 34
Typical example of bi-directional grid connected power
converter 34 Distribution board Bi-directional grid connected power
converter Power source, battery(FEV,HEV, EV,.) Public mains DC/DC
DC/AC Power source (PV,---) Home appliances DC/AC: Grid side
inverter DC/DC: Application side d.c. converter Power source:
generator or storage DC-connection interface DC-port interface
Bi-directional GCPC is combined with multiple power sources for
unified home power supply which provides electricity power to home
appliances. Meter 3. Future Trends of Power Electronics and Drives
Finally, I think the world needs more power electronics, and power
electronics is spreading to new applications to give a bright
future. Thank you very much for your kind attention.