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LAB 15: Axial Skeleton
• Complete lab 15 in your lab book using the slides on the following pages
• Use your textbook and these slides to identify the axial bones and their features (landmarks).
• A key to the bone features numbered in this supplement is located at the end of the document.
• Answer the questions at the end of each lab section.
Note: Not all features are listed in this document. Refer to Lab 15 in your laboratory manual for a full list.
Articulated & Disarticulated Ethmoid Bone
18
Lateral Aspect Superior Aspect
Anterior Aspect
19
21
20
Atlas (C1), Axis (C2) & General Anatomy of Vertebra
Superior Aspect of Atlas
Superior Aspect of AxisGeneral Vertebral Anatomy
51
595253
54
55
56
57
58
Axial Skeleton Features/Landmarks
1 supraorbital foramen 28 medial pterygoid process 55 posterior arch
2 infraorbital foramen 29 greater wing 56 anterior arch
3 mental foramen 30 optic canal 57 transverse process
4 alveolar process 31 hypophyseal fossa of sella turcica 58 odontoid process (dens)
5 superior orbital fissure 32 anterior clinoid process 59 transverse process
6 coronal suture 33 lesser wing 60 inferior costal facet (demifacet)
7 squamous suture 34 posterior clinoid process 61 superior costa facet (demifacet)
8 mastoid process 35 lateral pterygoid process 62 transverse costal facet
9 lacrimal fossa 36 external acoustic meatus 63 inferior articular facet
10 zygomatic process of temporal bone 37 stylomastoid foramen (not in image) 64 transverse foramen (cervical only)
11 occipital condyle 38 foramen spinosum 65 costal groove
12 mandibular fossa 39 foramen ovale 66 tubercle of rib
13 lambdoid suture 40 foramen lacerum 67 sternal end
14 sagittal suture 41 carotid canal 68 sacral canal
15 external acoustic meatus 42 jugular foramen 69 sacral hiatus
16 temporal process of zygomatic bone 43 foramen magnum 70 superior articular facet
17 styloid process 44 optic canal 71 sacral promontory
18 perpendicular plate 45 foramen rotundum 72 ala
19 crista galli 46 foramen lacerum 73 sacral foramina
20 middle nasal concha 47 foramen ovale 74 articular fossa for ilium
21 cribriform plate 48 foramen spinosum 75 interclavicular (jugular) notch
22 palatine process of maxilla 49 jugular foramen 76 sternal angle
23 external occipital protuberance 50 internal acoustic meatus 77 costal facet
24 horizontal plate 51 body 78 xiphoid process
25 mandibular condyle 52 vertebral foramen (spinal canal) 79 manubrium
26 mandibular foramen 53 superior articular facet 80 gladiolus
27 coronoid process 54 spinous process 81 clavicular notch
Note: Not all features are listed in this document. Refer to Lab 15 in ‘Investigations in BIO50A Anatomy and Physiology I’ laboratory manual for a complete list.