LATIN AMERICANPEOPLE GAIN

INDEPENDENCE

Which situation helped cause the change reflected on these maps of South America?

A CALL FOR CHANGE

•The countries of Spain and Portugal controlled most of Latin American for almost 300 years. •The people of Latin America grew restless and were tired of being controlled by the Europeans. They wanted to be free.

•Revolutions in America and France encouraged the people of Latin America to fight for their freedom.

THE FREEDOM FIGHTERS

TOUSSAINT L’ OUVERTURE

NAME: Toussaint L'Ouverture BIRTH DATE: c. 1743 DEATH DATE: April 07, 1803 PLACE OF BIRTH: Breda, Haiti PLACE OF DEATH: Fort-de-Joux, France Full Name: François Dominique Toussaint AKA: Toussaint L'Ouverture

Why did they rebel?Nearly 500,000

enslaved Africans worked on French plantations, and they outnumbered their masters dramatically.

White masters used brutal methods to terrorize them and keep them powerless

What Happened?ToussaintL’Ouverture ledenslaved Africans ina revolt against theFrench that endedslavery and resultedin the new nationof Haiti.

REVOLUTION IN HAITI

SIMON BOLIVAR“GEORGE WASHINGTON OF SOUTH AMERICA”

NAME: Simon Bolivar OCCUPATION:, Political Leader, Military GeneralBIRTH DATE: July 24, 1798DEATH DATE: December 17, 1830 PLACE OF BIRTH: Caracas, Venezuela PLACE OF DEATH: Santa Marta, Colombia Full Name: Simón José Antonio de la Santísma Trinidad Bolívar y Palacios AKA: Simon Bolivar

Why did they rebel?

Bolivar was a Creole general.

Creoles could not hold government positions.

Believed in a democratic government (influenced by democratic ideals)

What Happened?

Bolívar led over2,000 soldiers on a daring march through Spanish controlled South America, and helped many countries gain independence. * The country of Bolivia is named after Simon Bolivar.

REVOLUTION IN SOUTH AMERICA(VENEZUELA, ECUADOR, COLOMBIA, PERU, BOLIVIA)

Panama

Venezuela

Colombia

Ecuador

Peru

Bolivia

MIGUEL HIDALGO(FATHER OF MEXICAN INDEPENDENCE)

NAME: Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla OCCUPATION: Activist,, Political Leader, Priest BIRTH DATE: May 08, 1753 DEATH DATE: July 31, 1811 PLACE OF BIRTH: Guanajuato, Mexico PLACE OF DEATH: Chihuahua, Mexico

Why did they rebel?. Spaniards (Creoles and

Peninsulares) oppressed and mistreated Mexicans (Indians and Mestizos) for generations and Hidalgo (a Creole Priest) wanted to stop them.

For freedom and democracy.

( influenced by democratic ideals).

What Happened? Cry of Dolores- Rang the

bells of a church in Dolores, and declared an open revolt against the Spanish.

With more than 80,000 Indian and mestizo followers, Hidalgo led a revolt against the Spanish.

Hidalgo was not successful, however, his movement continued until Mexico fi nally won its independence 11 years later.

REVOLUTION IN MEXICO

HOW WAS THE HAITIAN REVOLUTION DIFFERENT FROM REVOLUTIONS IN THE REST OF LATIN AMERICA?

• Revolution was led by an enslaved African.

• The revolutions in the rest of Latin America were led by Creoles.

• Revolution was against the French.