Layout and Revision for Summer Test• Short Questions

– Plate Tectonics– The Rock Cycle– Earthquakes– Volcanoes– Fold Mountains

• 3 Long Questions– Physical Geography – Formation of rock type and landscape– Regional Geography – Factors that influence

Primary/Secondary/Tertiary Activities in a Core/Peripheral Region you have studied

– An Irish Core Region (GDA) –An Irish Peripheral Region (BMW)– Sketch Map of a region you have studied

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Exam Question: Homework• Compare and Contrast the development of 2 Irish Regions

you have studied under 3 the following headings: [30 M]

– Climate– Relief and drainage– Soils– Population– Transport– Government Policy

Use comparative language to COMPARE both region

Eg:However.....In comparison to....But.....

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Exam Question: Homework

• Contrast the development of agriculture in 2 Irish Regions you have studied [30 M]

Marking Scheme2 NAMED REGIONS – 2 MARKS EACH13 SRPS – CLIMATE, RELIEF AND DRAINAGE, MARKET, SOILS

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Sketch Map

• Draw an Outline Map of Ireland• Show and Name the following– One Irish Region you have studied– One urban centre in the region– One relief feature in the region– One drainage feature in the region

Physical Geography - Revision• Sample Question • Examine with reference to an example

you have studied the formation of one rock type and how it produces a distinctive landscape [30 M]

MARKING SCHEMENAME ROCK TYPE (2 M)FORMATION (5-6 SRPS – 2M EACH)NAME LANDSCAPE (2M)FORMATION OF LANDSCAPE (5-6 SRPS – 2M EACH)OVERALL COHESION (2 M)

The Formation of Sedimentary Rocks

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yf4YtDlA1oQ

Sedimentary Rock – Limestone – Limestone Pavement• One rock type which I have studied the formation of is Limestone. Limestone is a

sedimentary rock (2M)

• Formation of Limestone• Limestone is an organically formed sedimentary rock, these are rocks which are made up

of layers composed of dead organisms (fish, shells and vegetation) (2M)

• Each layer (strata) is deposited on a lower layer, squashing out water, minerals and air. (2M)

• During the process of lithification – turning sediment into stone – calcite cement squeezed from shells in the sediment glues these organic particles together, creating distinctive sedimentary rocks (2M)

• Most Limestone in Ireland formed 300-350 million years ago when Ireland lay close to the equator and was covered by a warm shallow sea. (2M)

• The grains are cemented together with calcium carbonate which comes from shells. Sometimes the remains of living sea creatures are well preserved as fossils in the rock (2M)

• One distinctive Landscape formed by Limestone Rock is a Limestone Pavement. This is the name given to the surface of bare limestone rock example – The Burren, Co. Clare (2M)

• The formation of a Limestone Pavement• The formation of limestone pavements began with the scouring of the limestone

by thick glaciers during the last Ice Age. The weight of the Ice removed the soil that lay over the limestone, leaving level platforms of limestone exposed. (2M)

• Then a thick layer of boulder clay was deposited as the glacier retreated. (2M)

• As rainwater seeped into the boulder clay soil it became acidic as it absorbed organic acids from decaying vegetation. This acidic water easily dissolved vertical lines of weakness (joints) in the rock (2M)

• The Carbonation process* widened and deepened many fissures (Grikes) in the limestone and left flat slabs of limestone rock known as clints alongside. (2M)

• Gradually the soil on top of the limestone washed away underground. Today we see this exposed pavement in many areas of Ireland and Europe. (2M)

Physical Geography:• Revision for Short Questions:

• PLATE BOUNDARIES• EXAM PAPERS (LONG QUESTIONS – PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY) –

2007 QUESTION 1 PART B

• Volcanoes• Exam Papers (LONG QUESTIONS – PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY) –

2008 Question 2 PART B

• Earthquakes• Exam Papers (LONG QUESTIONS – PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY) –

2006 Question 3 PART B

PLATE BOUNDARIESEXAM PAPERS (LONG QUESTIONS – PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY) – 2007 QUESTION 1 PART B

“Plate boundaries are zones where crust is both created and destroyed”. Examine the above statement, with reference to examples you have studied. (30 marks)

• Marking Scheme• Name one example of each

boundary: 2 marks + 2 marks • Discussion re creation/destruction:

7 (6) SRPs or 6 (7) SRPs

• KEY WORDS• Crust created at divergent plate

boundaries• Convection currents• Magma cools and solidifies• Crust destroyed at converging

plate boundaries• Heavier plate subducts

(destructing plate)• Trench marks point of sub-

duction• Volcanic landforms may be

created • Fold mountains

VolcanoesExam Papers (LONG QUESTIONS – PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY) – 2008 Question 2 PART B

• Explain how the study of plate tectonics has helped us to understand the global distribution of volcanoes. [30m]

• Marking Scheme• Global Examples: 2 marks +

2 marks • Plate tectonics examined:

13 x SRPs

• KEYWORDS• TAKE PLACE AT

CONVERGENT, DIVERGENT AND HOT SPOTS

• PACIFIC RING OF FIRE

EarthquakesExam Papers (LONG QUESTIONS – PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY) – 2006 Question 3 PART B

• Explain how a study of plate tectonics helps us understand the occurrence of earthquakes. (30 marks)

• Marking Scheme• Plate tectonics examined:

12 SRPs • Overall coherence: 6 marks

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• Keywords

• Plate MARGINS – JAM, STICK, PRESSURE

• SAN ANDREAS FAULT (PACIFIC AND NORTH AMERICAN PLATES

• EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION (SEISOMOLOGISTS)

• EVACUATION PLANS, EARTHQUAKE PROF BUILDINGS)